A three-dimensional geologic framework model of the northern Great Plains region of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA
<p>This report presents a new three-dimensional geologic framework model (GFM) of the northern Great Plains region, encompassing parts of Montana, North…
Public-domain full text preserved in the Mountain Man Mining Library. Original source: pubs.usgs.gov.
C:\Users\jhartley\OneDrive - DOI\Current_reports\den25-0041-spangler\den25-0041_appendix_figures\den25-0041_plate05.ai U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5127 Plate 5 of 7 By Leland Spangler ISSN 2328-0328 (online) ://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265127 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit ://www.usgs.gov. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit ://store.usgs.gov/ or contact the store at 1–888–275–8747. Digital files available at ://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265127. Suggested citation: Spangler, L.R., 2026, Elevation from sea level for the uppermost horizon of the Inyan Kara Group Unit produced in the three-dimensional geologic model, pl. 5 of A threedimensional geologic framework model of the northern Great Plains region of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5127, 51 p., ://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265127. Associated data for this publication: Spangler, L.R., 2024a, Digital database of a 3D Geological Model of the Powder River Basin and Williston Basin Regions, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, ://doi.org/10.5066/P13RSCBV. Spangler, L.R., 2024b, Digital data for a 3D Geological Model of western South Dakota, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, ://doi.org/10.5066/P9LK4QHJ. For more information concerning the research in this report, contact the Center Director, USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center Box 25046, Mail Stop 980 Denver, CO 80225 (303) 236-5344 Or visit the Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center website at ://www.usgs.gov/centers/geosciences-and-environmental-change-science-center Publishing support provided by the USGS Science Publishing Network, Denver and Baltimore Publishing Service Centers Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Inyan Kara Group Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model −500 −500 −1,000 −1,500 −1,500 −1,000 −1,000 −1,500 −1,500 −1,000 −500 1,000 −500 −2,000 −2,500 −2,500 −2,000 −2,000 −1,500 −500 −500 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,500 2,000 1,500 1,500 −2,000 −2,500 −500 −500 1,000 1,000 −500 −500 −500 −500 −1,000 −1,000 −1,000 −1,000 −1,500 −1,500 −3,000 −2,500 −2,500 −1,500 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,500 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,500 1,500 −1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 , 1,500 − , −1,000 −1,000 UNITED STATES CANADA NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRASKA WYOMING MONTANA 106° 104° 102° 100° 108° 48° 46° 44° 44° References Cited Bader, J.W., 2017, Mapping sandstones of the Inyan Kara Formation for saltwater disposal in North Dakota: North Dakota Department of Mineral Resources, Geo News, North Dakota Geological Survey Investigations, v. 44, no. 1, p. 6–9, accessed March 5, 2023, at ://www.dmr.nd.gov//documents/newsletter/2017Winter/Map ping%20Sandstones%20of%20the%20Inyan%20Kara%20Formation %20for%20Saltwater%20Disposal%20in%20North%20Dakota.pdf. Mapped traces of faults and folds shown on this plate were compiled from published State geological survey maps and are presented for illustrative purposes only. Three dimensional renderings of these structures are not shown on the plate, but rather are represented at the structural datum as deviations in the structure-contour surfaces, which were autogenerated from the three-dimensional grid without refinement for cartographic effectiveness. The underlying digital data, rather than the contours on the plate, provide the most accurate and useful representation of the subsurface. Hocking, C.M., 2013, Elevation contour map of the Inyan Kara Group Butte, Meade, and Lawrence Counties, South Dakota: Belle Fourche River Watershed Partnership, prepared by RESPEC Consulting & Services, 1 sheet, scale 1:180,000, accessed May 19, 2023, at ://www.bellefourchewatershed.org/media/bellefourchefactor360 com/documents/Groundwater%20Folder/InyanKara_Structure.pdf. Gelman, S.E., and Johnson, B.G., 2023, Data release for the 3D petroleum systems model of the Williston Basin, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, accessed May 19, 2023, at ://doi.org/10.5066/P9N7O1OT. Lisenbee, A.L., 1985, Tectonic map of the Black Hills uplift, Montana, Wyoming and South Dakota: Geological Survey of Wyoming Map Series 13, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000, accessed March 5, 2023, at ://sales..wyo.gov/tectonic-map-of-the-black-hills-uplift-mon tana-wyoming-and-south-dakota-1985/. Love, J.D., and Christiansen, A.C., comps., 1985, Geologic map of Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey, 3 sheets, scale 1:500,000, accessed March 5, 2023, at ://sales..wyo.gov/geologic-map-of-wyoming-2014/. [Rereleased in 2014 by the Wyoming State Geological Survey.] Martin, J.E., Sawyer, J.F., Fahrenbach, M.D., Tomhave, D.W., and Schulz, L.D., 2004, Geologic map of South Dakota: South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources Geological Survey General Map 10, 1 sheet, 20 p., accessed May 19, 2023, at ://sddenr.net/pubs/pdf/G-10.pdf. [Also available at ://www..usd.edu/publications/default.aspx.] Montana Board of Oil and Gas Conservation, [undated], [MBOGC’s Online Oil and Gas Information System]: Montana Board of Oil and Gas Conservation web page, accessed November 2023 at ://bogapps..mt.gov/dataminer/Default.aspx. North Dakota Department of Mineral Resources, [undated], Premium subscription service [well data]: North Dakota Department of Mineral Resources database, accessed November 2023 at ://www.dmr.nd.gov/oilgas/subscriptionservice.asp. Redden, J.A., and DeWitt, E., 2008, Maps showing geology, structure, and geophysics of the central Black Hills, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2777, 44-p. pamphlet, 2 sheets, accessed November 11, 2023, at ://doi.org/10.3133/sim2777. South Dakota Geological Survey Program, 2022, Oil and gas online databases: South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources, accessed October 2022 at ://www..usd.edu/SDOIL/oilgas_databases.aspx. Spangler, L.R., 2024a, Digital database for a 3D geological model of the Powder River Basin and Williston Basin regions, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, ://doi.org/10.5066/P13RSCBV. Spangler, L.R., and Sweetkind, D.S., 2022, Digital subsurface database of previously published well tops, structural features, and contour maps of the Inyan Kara Group, Minnekahta Formation, Minnelusa Formation, Madison Group, and Deadwood Formation, Black Hills region, South Dakota and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey data release, accessed March 5, 2023, at ://doi.org/10.5066/P90KFVPC. U.S. Geological Survey, 2021, USGS 1 arc-second digital elevation model: OpenTopography, accessed March 2, 2023, at ://doi.org/10.5069/G9HX19WN. Vuke, S.M., Porter, K.W., Lonn, J.D., and Lopez, D.A., 2007, Geologic map of Montana: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology Geologic Map 62–A, 2 sheets, 75 p., scale 1:500,000, [Also available at ://.mtech.edu/Pubs/SpecialInterest.asp#gsc.tab=0.] Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, [undated], WYOGCC data: Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission database, accessed November 11, 2023, at ://pipeline.wyo.gov/. Spangler, L.R., 2024b, Digital database for a 3D geological model of western South Dakota, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, ://doi.org/10.5066/P9LK4QHJ. EXPLANATION Uppermost part of the Inyan Kara Group surface elevation—Plate 5 shows the elevation from sea level for the uppermost horizon of the Inyan Kara Group model unit as used in the three- dimensional geologic framework model. Elevation is in meters −3,063.76 2,513.66 Northern Great Plains model outline Surface structure Contour—Index contour interval 500 meters. Intermediate contour interval 100 meters. Datum is sea level 250 KILOMETERS 150 MILES Base from Esri and its licensors, copyright, 2024 Albers Equal Area Conic projection, USGS Contiguous USA North American Datum of 1983 Study area boundary UNITED STATES