Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Virginia and West Virginia

Semiquantitative emission spectrographic analyses for 64 elements on 95 stream sediment and 122 rock samples from Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Giles…

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Analyses and description of geochemical samples Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area Virginia and West Virginia by Leung Mei, 3.D. Fletcher, Norma Rait and F.G. Lesure OPEN-FILE REPORT OF78-1077-B This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey standards and nomenclature.

Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Virginia and West Virginia by Leung Mei, J.D. Fletcher, Norma Rait, and F. G. Lesure Abstract Semiquantitative emission spectrographic analyses for 64 elements on 98 stream sediment and 122 rock samples from Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Giles and Craig Counties, Virginia and Monroe County, West Virginia, are reported here in detail. Locations for all samples are in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates. Brief descriptions of rock samples are also included. Rocks analysed are mostly sandstone. Samples of hematitic sandstone of the Rose Hill Formation and limonite-cemented sandstone of the Rocky Gap Sandstone contain high values of iron; these rocks are submarginal iron resources. Some of these iron-rich samples have a little more barium, copper, cobalt, lead, silver, and/or zinc than in average sandstone, but they do not suggest the presence of economic deposits of these metals. A few samples of Tuscarora Quartzite contain moderate amounts of manganese. These are from a submarginal manganese resource. No other obviously anomalous values related to mineralized rock are present in the data. Introduction The analyses reported in this open-file report are on samples from the Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Giles and Craig Counties, Virginia, and Monroe County, West Virginia, collected by M.P. Foose, P.J. Geraci, F.G. Lesure, D.R. McQueen, P.L. Weis, and Helmuth Wedow in April 1975. The samples include 98 stream sediments from the study area and vicinity and 122 rock samples. The rock samples, which are described briefly, are for the most part chip samples of representative materials collected from outcrop or road cut. A few are com- posite samples of representative float material. Some of the rock is partly weathered but the freshest material available was generally sampled. Sample locations and discussion of the results of the analytical work are given by Lesure and others (1978). Rock samples Sample No. Description VML 001 Chip sample, grayish-orange, iron-stained, friable sand- stone; upper Keefer Sandstone. VML 005 Chip sample, light brownish-gray, iron-stained, fine- grained sandstone; upper Keefer Sandstone. VML 007 Chip sample, very pale-orange, friable, very fine- to fine-grained sandstone; upper Keefer Sandstone.

VML 009 Chip sample, limonite, bedded (?) or replacement of shale; upper Keefer Sandstone. VML 010 Chip sample, light-tan, friable, fine-grained sandstone, dark-brown to black manganese oxide cement locally; upper Keefer Sandstone. VML Oil Chip sample, very pale-orange, friable sandstone, minor dark minerals; Keefer Sandstone. VML 013 Chip sample, 1.5 m, dark-grayish-red, fine- to medium- grained, hematitic sandstone, minor white and pale- red clay chips; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.07. VML 014 Chip sample, pale yellow-brown, very fine-grained sand- stone; upper Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 015 Chip sample, 1 m, light-gray to brown, iron-stained, fine-grained quartz conglomerate; lower Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 017 Chip sample, 0.6 m, grayish-red, hematitic sandstone, pale-red clay seams; Rosejjill Formation. Sp. G._2.88. VML 018 Chip sample, 1.5 m, pale yellow-brown, coarse-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 019 Chip sample, red, fine- to coarse-grained,' hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. VML 100 Chip sample, 2 m, dark-grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 2.87. VML 101 Chip sample, 1 m, light-gray, fine-grained sandstone and quartz conglomerate; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 102 Chip sample, 1 m, dark-grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 2.85. VML 103 Chip sample, 2 m, light-gray, iron-stained, fine-grained, vitreous quartzite; Keefer Sandstone. VML 104 Chip sample, very light-gray, fine-grained quartz-pebble conglomerate; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 105 Composite of float, pale red, very fine-grained sandstone; Juniata Formation. VML 107 Chip sample, 2 m, brownish-gray, fine- to medium-grained, limonite-cemented sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 108 Chip sample, 1 m, pinkish-gray, very fine-grained sand- stone; Tuscarora Quartzite.

VML 109 Chip sample, 1m, dark grayish-red, hematitic sandstone, minor pale-red clay galls; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.04. VML 110 Chip sample, 1 m, white, iron-stained, weathered, friable, very fine- to very coarse-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 112 Chip sample, 2 m, grayish-brown, porous, limonitecemented sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 113 Grab sample, black shale, minor pyrite; Millboro Shale. VML 115 Chip sample, 2 m, dark grayish-red, fine-grained, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.12. VML 116 Chip sample, 1 m, pale-red, iron-stained, fine- to very coarse-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 117 Chip sample, 1 m, white, weathered, iron-stained, fine-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 119 Chip sample, 2 m, light-gray, iron-stained, very fine- to fine-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 121 Chip sample, 0.6 m, white, friable sandstone; upper Keefer Sandstone. VML 122 Chip sample, porous fine- to medium-grained sandstone, brachiopod shell molds; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 123 Chip sample, 1 m, medium olive-gray siltstone and shale; Brallier Formation. VML 124 Composite of float, grayish-red, very fine-grained sandstone; Juniata Formation. VML 125 Chip sample, 2 m, grayish-orange, poorly sorted, fine to coarse-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 126 Chip sample, 1 m, dark grayish-red, fine-grained, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.07. VML 127 Chip sample, 2 m, light-gray, very fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 129 Chip sample, 1 m, light-gray, very fine-grained sand- stone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 131 Chip sample, 1 m, white, very fine- to coarse-grained sandstone, minor dark minerals; Keefer Sandstone. VML 132 Chip sample, 1 m, brown, limonite-cemented, fine- to very coarse-grained sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone.

VML 133 Chip sample, 1 m, white, iron-stained, medium- to coarse-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 135 Chip sample, 2 m, grayish-red, fine- to medium-grained, hematitic sandstone, large pale red clay galls; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.12. VML 136 Chip sample, 1 m, pale yellowish-gray, fine-rgrained quartz granule conglomerate; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 137 Chip sample, 1 m, pale-red, iron-stained, fine- to coarse- grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 138 Chip sample, 1 m, white to tan, iron-stained, friable, fine- to coarse-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 139 Chip sample, 1 m, dark grayish-red, hematitic sandstone interlayered with grayish-red shale; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 2.69. VML 140 Chip sample, 2 m, pale-brown, weathering pale-orange,

very coarse-grained sandstone and fine pebble conglomerate; lower Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 142 Chip sample, 1 m, black shale; Millboro Shale. VML 143 Composite sample, layer 0.3-0.6 m, dark grayish-red and brownish-black, iron-manganese cemented, weathered sandstone; upper Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 144 Chip sample, 2 m, light-gray, pale yellowish-brown, iron-stained, very fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 145 Chip sample, 1 m, dark grayish-red, fine-grained, hematitic sandstone, pale red clay galls; Rose Hill Formation, Sp. G. 3.07. VML 147 Composite sample, dark-gray, manganese-cemented sandstone; upper Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 148 Composite sample of dump material, dark gray-black, manganese-cemented sandstone; upper Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 149 Chip sample, 2 m, dark grayish-red, fine-grained sand- stone, some limonite in fractures; Rose Hill Formation; Sp. G. 3.02. VML 150 Chip sample, 1 m, light-gray, iron-stained, fine-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone.

VML 151 Chip sample, 1 m, light-gray, iron-cemented sandstone bed; upper Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 152 Chip sample, 2 m, light-gray, fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 209 Composite sample, pinkish-gray, fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 211 Composite sample, pale yellow-bown, very fine-grained sandstone, iron oxides along joints; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 218 Grayish-orange, vitreous, fine-grained quartzite; Keefer Sandstone. VML 219 Light-gray, iron-stained vitreous quartzite; Keefer Sandstone. VML 222 Dark grayish-red, hematitic sandstone, Rose Hill Forma- tion. Sp. G. 2.75. VML 231 Olive-drab shale; Brallier Formation. VML 244 Grayish-orange, friable, finesTo coarse-grained sand stone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 301 Brown, poorly sorted, limonite-cemented, porous sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. Sp. G, 2.68. VML 302 Grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; lower Rose Hill Formation. VML 307 Light-gray sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 308 Light grayish-red, fine-grained sandstone; Juniata Formation. VML 311 Light-gray sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 312 Grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; lower Rose Hill Formation. VML 400 Light-gray, fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 401 Grayish-red, medium- to coarse-grained, hematitic sandstone, weathered surface; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.01. VML 402 Fractured, grayish-red, hematitic sandstone, limonite fracture fillings; Rose Hill Formation(?). Sp. G. 3.32. VML 403 Pale-red to pale-yellowish-brown, very fine-grained sandstone; Juniata Formation. VML 404 Light-gray, poorly sorted, fine- to very coarse-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite.

VML 405 Dark grayish-red, fine-grained, hematitic sandstone, pale-red clay galls; Rose Hill Formation. VML 406 White to pale-orange, very fine-grained sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 407 Pale-red, iron-stained vitreous quartzite; Keefer Sandstone(?). VML 409 Dark-gray, manganese-cemented, friable, sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 410 White, very fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 412 Conglomeratic sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 413 Light gray, fine-grained, quartz-pebble conglomerate; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 414 Dark grayish-red, fine- to medium-grained, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 2.88. VML 416 Very pale-orange, vitreous quartzite; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 417 Dark grayish-red, fine-grained, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 2.78. VML 418 Iron-stained, pale-red to tan, very fine-grained, vitreous quartzite; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 419 Brown, limonite seams cutting tan, very fine-grained, brecciated sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 420 Light-gray, stained yellow-brown, fine-grained, quartz pebble conglomerate; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 421 Light-gray sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 423 Grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. VML 424 Brecciated, light-colored sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 425 Yellowish, poorly sorted, limonite-cemented sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 426 Manganese-cemented, friable sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone (?). VML 428 Limonite-cemented, friable sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 429 Limonite-cemented, friable sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 431 Tan, friable sandstone; upper Keefer Sandstone.

VML 432 Light gray sandstone; Keefer Sandstone* VML 434 Black shale; Millboro Shale. VML 435 Light-gray sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 437 Pale grayish-red, fine-grained sandstone; 3uniata Formation. VML 438 Light-gray, brecciated sandstone, manganese-cemented; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 440 Grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. VML 441 Yellowish, thin bedded, friable, shaly sandstone; Brallier Formation. VML 442 Black shale; Millboro Shale. VML 443 Olive-gray shale; Brallier Formation. VML 444 Grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. VML~446 Light-gray sandstonefKeefer Sandstone. VML 448 Light-gray sandstone; Keefer Sandstone(?). VML 449 Light-gray sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 450 Limonite-cemented, porous, friable, brecciated, sand- stone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 451 Light-gray sandstone; Keefer Sandstone. VML 452 Grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. VML 453 Limonite-cemented sandstone; Rocky Gap Sandstone. VML 500 Chip sample, 2 m, light yellowish-gray, very fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 501 Chip sample, 3 m, light gray, very coarse-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. VML 502 Chip sample, 1.2 m, dark grayish-red, hematitic sandstone; Rose Hill Formation. Sp. G. 3.02. VML 503 Chip sample, 4 m, light-gray, very fine-grained sandstone; Tuscarora Quartzite. V3M 100 Dark-gray, calcareous concretion, minor iron sulfides; Millboro Shale, on Va. State Route 18, across Potts Creek from Boiling Spring School. "VJM 101 Similar sample as above.

Analytical techniques The stream sediment samples were dried and sieved in the laboratory; the minus 80-mesh fraction was used for analyses. The rock samples were crushed and split. The semiquantitative emission spectrographic analyses were made using computerized equipment. This method permits a rapid electronic recording on magnetic tape of the optical transmissions of all lines in a spectrogram. The tape is read by a computer which has been programmed to determine the concentrations of 64 elements. The standard deviation of any single answer should be taken as plus 50 percent and minus 33 percent. The third significant figure, when reported, appears solely for programming convenience and should not be used in publications. All the samples were also tested for gold by a combined fire assay-atomic absorption method in the U.S. Geological Survey laboratories, Reston, Va., by Herbert Kirschenbaum and B.A. McCall. No gold was detected at a limit of detecion of 0.05 parts per million (ppm) Au. Explanation of table - . _The_X and Y coordinates .are Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid, zone 17. The X coordinate is the easting value; the Y is the northing. Symbols used include: S, semiquantitative spectrographic analysis, , less than lower limit; , greater than upper limit; , 0 interference for an element which cannot be resolved by any routine method. The limits apply under ideal conditions, and in some cases interferences will narrow the limits. All data are in parts per million (ppm) except where indicated in percent (%). Elements looked for but not found and the lower limit of determination: Rocks; As (<68) except VML 009 123, VML 010 105 f VML 014 93, and VML 450 239; Au (<10) ; Bi (<4.6) except VML 233 5.3? Cd (<10) except VJM 101 34, VML 425 48, VML 426 278, VML 438 28; Pel (<0.68) except VML 443 0,77; Pt (<6.8) except VML 113 7,9; Sb (<68) except except VML 444 3.9, VML 502 3.4; In (<4.6) except VML 403 5.4, VML 425 7; Re (<10); Ta (<464) ; Tl (<4.6) except VML 425 10, VML 426 32; Stream sediments Ag (<0.46) except VML 203 0.77; As (<68); Au (<10); Bi 7.7, VML 415 7.1; Sb (<68) ; Sn (<14) except VML 201 32; Te (<464); U (<147) except VML 134 194, VML 439 169, VML 514 180, VML 515 149; W (<10) ; Ge (<3.1) except VML 519 3.9, VML 520 3.5; Hf (<21) ; In (<4.6) except VML 240 4.9, VML 436 5.6, VML 512 4.6; Re (<10) ; Reference cited Lesure, F.G., Williams, B.B., and Dunn, M.L., Jr., 1978, Mineral resources of the Mill Creek, Mountain Lake, and Peters Mountain Wilderness Study Areas, Craig and Giles Counties, Virginia, and Monroe County, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, OF 78-1076. B

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Rocks--continued staple V*L418 V L 4 1 9 V1142Q VML421 V*c425 V'1(.4J2 ,T':'_4J4 VU435 VU43S / / L 4 4 1 /XL443 V'1444 t/''L449 """-501 iMLiO* VU503 S-2R 2*300.0 1*810.0 1*030.0 1*420.0 1*410.0 1*040.0 2*640.0 436,'J 2*390.0 S-SIZ S-ALX .09/5 S-NAX S-KX >1.4700 .4700 >1.4700 S-PX ;6780 <.'0681 S-CE S-GA S-HF S-TH S-Y8 S-PR S-SN S.16 S-ER 19.01) S-LO

Stream Sediments staple X-COORD, T-COOR8, S-FEX S-MGX S-CAX S-TIX S-MN S-8 S-8A S-8E S-CO S-CR S-CU cc> VL'JQ2 V" L J J i ri.jQ4 ;"fi. J6 VU'j J-i VIU12 WL1G6 ;-'ti1l V K L 1 1 4 ;fU18 VU20 ; 1J Li?3 V'c? "J'J J-'Lt J1 V ' ' L 2 J 2 ; V L23S VML2J4 V12-J5 VL2J6 ; w L t j 7 V f L ? J i v M L2i2 7 V L2U VH.21 5 VM.216 >T'L22C ; 1.223 rfi 1.226 L 2 2 B 2 2 7 ;"U32 545/220 545,580 545,740 546/360 547,130 546,750 547,830 548,730 544,600 545,500 545,900 546,550 546,320 543,620 545,020 541,150 543,420 543,330 543,430 543,700 543,630 543,660 541,900 541,420 542,020 543,410 546,350 549,180 549,390 550,010 550,160 548,160 548, J70 540,800 542,040 542,410 542,850 543,460 543,810 546,360 548, 3SO 547,460 547,450 547,83d 547,720 4/144/540 4,144/670 4/144/720 4/144,940 4,144,990 4/144,530 4,144/950 4,145,420 4,138,240 4,138,770 4,138,910 4,140,370 4,140,760 4,137,100 4,136,610 4,132,710 4,142,170 4,141,790 4,139,660 4,139,340 4,138,610 4,138,490 4,136,000 4,135,520 4,136,100 4,143,440 4,143,610 4,144,150 4,144,310 4,145,110 4,145,210 4,145,230 4,145,190 4/131,260 4,131,320 4,131,540 4,131,890 4,U2,220 4/132,480 4,134,200 4,135,530 4/138,170 4,139,690 4,139,610 4,138,900 .22JO 2/120.0 2/410.0 1,540.0 2/910.0 2/020.0 1/410.0 1/550.0 1/200.0 1/070.0 1/590.0 1/550.0 A2.7 2,44 10. dO 18'. 40 9.0tf 1.3d

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Stream Sediment* continued X-COORO, Y-COORO, S-FEX S-MGX S-CAX S-TIX S-MN S-8 S-8A S-BE S-CO S-CR S-CO VL23? VL24Q ;".L?41 ' 1.245 V " L e 4 a V*L24? V1L?5J ;"L25i V-'LJOU VuJOJ rf.'UJCK \T'i.rj5 ;-'ti06 ;r-'LiOV </?Lj1J / 1L315 V?'Li16 J L 3 1 7 V " L i 1 3 VKL31 t V L 4 0 1 VU415 T1L422 VL43J /ML4J6 v:'L43V V".445 v.t.447 V*L5u6 v v L 5 a 7 V M i_S03 549*010 546*970 546, 59J 546, UO 545*700 545,380 548*760 550*660 550*850 553*120 552,040 551,600 54jj,250 548,640 548*960 549*900 549,970 542*'/00 543,510 542,420 543,070 543,180 543*490 543,750 544,610 544,820 544*730 549*090 545,280 546,210 546,560 547*160 547,020 547*790 543*000 544*460 544*990 545*240 545,770 546,660 546*570 546,430 545*830 545,740 544*610 4*138*820 4*137*640 4*137*290 4*137*860 4*135*730 4*135*620 4*140,1 50 4*141*230 4*141,210 4,144*030 4*142*490 4*142,040 4*135*560 4*141,950 4*140*910 4,139*990 4,140,060 4*134,080 4*134,400 4*133*680 4*133*480 4*133,680 4*133,860 4*134*150 4*135*310 4*135,250 4*139,330 4*142,960 4*139,370 4*139,140 4*138*830 4*139*230 4*141*400 4*141,690 4*135*890 4*135*770 4*142*340 4*142*370 4*142,870 4*138*040 4*137*760 4*137,420 4*136,830 4*136*350 4*135*310 4.3CO .Od60 1*290.0 1*160.0 3*280.0 1*640.0 2*420.0 822. J 1*200.0 1*020.0 1*180.0 1*000.0 124.Q O.OO 6.4? 6.0?

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Stream Sediment--continued x-COORD, Y-COORD. S-FEX S-MGX S-CAX S-T1X S-MN S-8 S-BA S-BE S-CO S-CR S-CU V"L514 r,.5i5 tf"L516 J ' L 5 1 7 ;-".01V 549,090 550/370 550/253 550/490 551,890 551,930 551/950 'j 51,160 4/139,650 4,141,710 4,141,620 4,141,740 4,143,670 4,142,650 4/U2/620 4/141/690 1/870.0 1/520.0 1/360.0 1/030.0 Stream Sediments--continued ro samel e VU513 tf 1t5 1 4 V ML 51 7 S-LA S-MO S-N8 oo.o S-NI S-PB S-SC S-SR S-V S-Y S-ZN O4.7 O4.7 S-ZR 1/870.0 1/790.0 1/490.0 S-SIX S-ALX Stream Sediments--contInued ale S-MAX S-KX S-PX S-CE S-GA S-TH S-YB S-PR S-ND S-SM S-EU S-60 S-OY S-ER VLSI 5 ; V L517 / '151V r'L520 >1.4700 .5970' >1.4700 >1.4700 >1.4700 S.04 15.81)