Manganese deposits of the Lyndhurst-Vesuvius district, Augusta and Rockbridge Counties, Virginia
Manganese deposits of the Lyndhurst-Vesuvius district, Augusta and Rockbridge Counties, Virginia by Knechtel, M. M. (1943). Full text and reference in the…
Public-domain full text preserved in the Mountain Man Mining Library. Original source: pubs.usgs.gov.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY s3 S H E:-':l r:_ s,· 100 M ILE.S
37": FIGURE 1.- INDEX MAP OF VIRGINIA, SHOWING LOCATION OF LYNDHURST-VESUVIUS DISTRICT I, ,l , D D Tomstown dolomite Clay and breccia of quartzite fragments, tentatively classified" with Antietam quar tzite I · : : :j Antietam quartzite EXPLANATION Stri ke and dip of beds
Shaf t Prosp ect pit Open cut
Trench ;le= Caved adit c,4 81.!.reau of Mi!!J!,;_drill hQ]_e 0 Id dril I hole a Clearing -Approximate boundary of mineral re Manganese Corporation Tract 159-1) - ·,
z u % 5 z " , SHEET EXPLANATION 100-foot. level l'.140' Shaft,show1ngdepth 1n feet olZ Dri ll hole putdown by Bureau of Mines inl942
Prospect pit in which mangaf"le!ie ore wa.s founa in 1940 Ber ren pr05pect. pit Note: All underground vvorkinB,S ane caved FIG. 2.~MAP OF MINE AND VICINITY, AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA SOOF"eet Contour !nter'val 5 feet. ' o So o FIGURE 3.-MAP OF MT TORRY TRACT,AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA of ST RAT EGI C Ml NERALS INVESTIGATIONS PRELIMINARY MAP MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF THE LYNDHURST-VESUVIUS DISTRICT, AugusTA AND ROCKBRIDGE COUNTIES, VIRGINIA By Maxwell 11. Knechtel Deposits of manganese ore and manganiferous iron ore occur in the Lyndhurst-Vesuvius district, Augusta and Rockbridge Counties, Va., at scattered localities in a belt extending from Lyndhurst southwest through Vesuvius, along the northwest foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The principal mines that have produced manganese are the Lyndhurst, Mount Torry, Kennedy, Red Mountain, Mine Bank, and Vesuvius mines. The manganese oxide minerals psilomelane, pyrolusite, and wad are intermixed in several of the deposits with variable proportions of 11.monite, from which at present they cannot be separated economically. Hore than 36,000 long tons of manganiferous iron ore concentrates, averaging approximately 20 percent in metallic manganese, has been marketed for use in manufacturing high-manganese pig iron, and probably at least 50,000 long tons of concentrates of this g rade remain in reserve. The recorded production of manganese ore that contained 35 percent or more of metallic manganese, thus being suitable for use in making ferro-manganese, is less than 10,000 long tons, and the proved reserves of such material probably !amount to less than 2,000 long tons. The ore deposits are for the most part irregular bodies in residual clay of the Tomstown do lomite~formerly called the Shady dolomite~of Lower Cambrian age. Host of the deposits occu r in synclines and on monoclinal flexures, where the iron and manganese oxides have been concentrated through weathering of dolomite, limestone, and shale beneath t he valleyfloor peneplain . The mos t productive deposit, however, that at the Lyndhurs t mine , occurs along a thrus t fault, and a few small vein deposits fill fractures in older quartzites of Lower Cambrian age . Manganese carbonate, supposed to have been the s ource of the manganese, may have been disseminated through many formations , but it must have been particularly abundant in certain layers of t h e Tomstown dolomite . Tn e mangane se probably was dissolved as bicarbonate by surface and underground wate r and t rans ported in t h is form to the locali ties at which it was deposited as oxide . 1000 Feet Contour interval 10 feet. datum is mean s ea level
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