The American Gas-Light Journal and Chemical Repertory 1868-09-16: Vol 10 Iss 6

1868 · Historical

The American Gas-Light Journal and Chemical Repertory 1868-09-16: Volume 10 , Issue 6. Digitized from IA1630616-07 .

This 1868 document, The American Gas-Light Journal and Chemical Repertory 1868-09-16: Vol 10 Iss 6, is preserved in the Mountain Man Mining Library for research and reference. Original source: archive.org.

The American

Devoted to Gas, Light, Water Supply, Mining, Petroleum, and Scientific Subjects.

VOLUME X—No 6 WHOLE No 210

PUBLISHING OFFICE, No. 22

New York, Wednesday, September 16, 1868.

Pine Str

Et.

The Turbinate Centrifugal Pump.

Among the many varieties of pumps which have been successfully introduced within the last few years, that represented in the annexed engraving possesses decided advantages over all others for many purposes as for instance, for use in steamships for bilge pumps and supplying surface-condensers ; draining and irrigating lands, water works, dry docks, railway stations, for distillers, brewers, tanners, and sugar plantations, also for wrecking purposes, and similar operations.

The construction of the apparatus, which is very simple, will be readily understood by reference to the cuts, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view, showing the pump arranged horizontally. Fig. 2 is a section show-ends

, closely fitting the space between it and the case, B, within which it revolves without touching. In the end of the wheel is the anti-friction pin (used in the vertical pumps only), which revolves in the female step secured in the bub of case, B. D is the upper chamber with its anti-friction partitions divided into three compartments, each of which is subdivided and connected with the bottom plate which withholds the weight of water from the wheel, C. F isa dischargepipe, wade in different lengths according to the hight required to raise the water. At the top is the stuffingbox, through which passes the driving-shaft, E. Above the box is the pulley, G, fastened. The end of the shaft, E. is supported by a brace fastened to the plate of the elbow.

ing the same in a vertical position, and Figs. 8, 4, and 5 are detached views representing respectively the top of the wheel-case, an inverted plan of the wheel itself, and plan of the chamber of the apparatus. The horizontal pumps are furnished with snitable bed-plates, as shown in Fig. 1, their internal construction being the same as in the vertical ones, which may be briefly described in detail as follows:

B is the wheel-case in one piece, with openings either in bottom or sides for the admittance of water. In the center of the base is the hub, cast with. and connected by, arms to the case for the reception of the step or bearing. C is the turbinate wheel secured to a shaft, E, having vanes or paddles of different lengths at its curved periphery, which are bent at their discharge

In the operation of the wheel the water is caught up by the vanes or paddles of the wheel, C, near the center of its base, the centrifugal force sending it rotating to the narrow space in case, B, and so into the openings of the upper chamber, D, where the rotation is checked and given a vertical direction only. The only parts having motion are the wheel and shaft. Motion is applied to the shaft by belt or gearing, as may be thought desirable.

It is claimed that these pumps will discharge more water at any given hight with less power than any other pump in use; that they save power, being almost frictionless compared with other pumps; that their

their great capacity makes them particularly desirable for steamshipsand sailing vessels in cases o/ leaks from collision or other accidents at sea; and that they are equally applicable to purposes of irrigation, drainage , aud the multifarious operations for which pumping mechanism is generally required. It should be mentioned in this connection that these pumps are used for

supplying tne surface condensers on some of the largest steamships sailing from the ports of New York and Boston, including the Pacific Mail steamers,

Fig. 2. E

This pump was patented by J. H. A, Gericke, May 29th, 1866, and all sizes, varying in capacity from 150 to 50,000 gallons per minute are being manufactured by the Turbinate Pump Company.

Office, 85 Liberty street, New York City, where fa small one may be seen in operation, discharging 450 gallons per minute, They are sold 25 per cent less

simple construction and arrangement renders them than any other pump of equal capacity,

more durable and perfectly reliable at all times ; that

Circular furnished on application.

82 The American Gas-Light Journal.

On Some of the Constituents of Coal Gas

A Lecture by Dr. Opiinc, F.R.s , F.C.8., ete., before the British Association of Gas Managers.

[From the Journal of Gas Lighting.} (Continued from p. 67 of the American Gas-Light Journal.)

Now, a word or two with regard to another constituent of coal gas—viz., carbonic oxide. Carbonic oxide exists in ordinary coal gas to a comparatively small extent, the proportion varying from 5 to about 15 per cent.

This gas is characterized by its burning with a

feebly luminous but decidedly blue flame. I have here

some of it in a holder, and you see the clear blue flame by which its combustion is characterized. We will now substitute for the glass tube an ordinary burner ; but though I am using the largest sized bat's-wing, I am able to get but a very small flame, carbonic oxide being a gas which is very svon burned out.

Now, although carbonic oxide exists to the extent of from 5 to 15 per cent. in ordinary coal gas, it exists in a much larger percentage in the gas that is produced by passing steam over ignited coke. You will remember that at one time there was a project for making illuminating gas by means of steam passed over coke. The gas so produced has itself no illuminating power, but we may give it an illuminating power by burning with it some luminiferous hydrocarbon, such as benzol, or by introducing into its flame a coil of platinum wire. Here we have a U-tube containing pumice and benzol, and we will now pass through it some of this carbonic ox ide gas. You will see that it is a very excellent purveyor of the hydrocarbon, and that thus we get a very luminous flame, because carbonic oxide is the gas which, for an equal quantity of oxygen, gives out by its combustion the largest proportion of heat—larger even than hydrogen—in the proportion of 68 to 57. The other mode of giving illuminating power to the origi nally non-luminous flame, and which seems to some extent a considerable success, is by means ef a coil of platinum wire. On holding this piece of wire in the flame it becomes of almost dazzling whiteness, aud radiates light abundantly. I remember once seeing a room of the Royal Society illuminated in this manner for afew hours, and I think it is a question whether this steam gas may not, after all, be made something of. When steam passes over coke, the coke being heated merely to dull redness, there is scarcely any carbonic oxide gas produced—it is nearly all hydrogen and carbonic acid. The kind of action is shown in this equation :

C+ 2H,O—CO, + Hy.

But when we employ a full red heat the kind of action is different. Under those circumstances we have this reaction:

C4+8H,0—Co, +C0+ H6.

So that after the removal of the carbonic acid gas by lime there is left a mixture of three volumes of hydrogen with one of carbonic oxide. There is a great prejudice against the use of carbonic oxide, from its ex tremely poisonous character. An atmosphere containing only 2 per cent, of the gas will prove fatal to animals breathing it; but inasmuch as gas for illuminating purposes is meant to be burned, and not to be breathed, the question is not so much with regard to the poisonousness of the original gas as of the products of combustion, The amount of gas that escapes into the air unburned is so small that its presence may safely be disregarded. '

Just one or two remarks with regard to carbonic acid. Carbonic acid gas is incombustible, and it has the property of extinguishing fiame in a very remarkable degree. Further, a very small proportion of carbonic acid in coal gas lowers the illuminating power of the coal-gas flame toa great extent. It is estimated that the presence of 1 per cent. of carbonic acid in coal gas will diminish the illuminating power of the flame by 5 per cent. Now, this is a very curious observation, and requires some further explanation, which I think the following circumstances may afford: Carbonic acid gas at a hish temperature undergoes decomposition, In the interior of any flame, carbonic acid ceases to be carbonic acid ; it is decomposed into carbonic oxide and oxygen, 80 that in this way 2 per cent. of carbonic acid gas is equivalent to 1 per cent. of oxygen—or it may be said that 2 per cent. of carbonic acid is equivalent to 5 per cent. of air—and you know that an ad mixture of 5 per cent, of air will lower the il uminating power of gas very much. In this case, a ombustion takes place partially in the interior of the flume instead of at the surface only; and by this interior combustion the luminosity of the flame is interfered with, in accord ance with well-known principles, In order to obtain the maximum of luminosity, then, the admixture of oxygen in the form of air or of carbonic acid with the coal gas should be as little as possible. Where coal gas issues under a strong pressure, it gets mixed up with air to such an extent that the flame is scarcely more luminous than that of a Bunsen burner ; and, from the

—it is about *04 per cent. that has been found in the gallery of a crowded theatre

decomposition of carbonic acid gas into carbonic oxide and oxygen, the carbonic acid contained in coal gas interferes with the luminosity of the flame in the same way as would an admixture of air.

Carbonic acid may be further considered, not only ¢ as a constituent of coal gas but also as a product of its combustion. That it is produced by the combustion of of coal gas we may readily asce:tain. If we pour a little lime water into flask within which a jet of coal eas has been allowed to burn for a short time, the lime becomes converted into chalk, by its absorption of the produced carbonic acid, and we get at once a milky precipitate as you perceive. But carbonic acid gas is produced not merely by combustion, but also by respiration. If I breathe into this bottle, already containing a little lime water, you see that I get at once a deposit of chalk or carbonate of calcium, just as in the last experiment of the burning gas-jet. Here a point of interest obviously arises in the consideration of the relative proportions of carbonic acid discharged into the atmosphere by the combustion of gas and the res piration of individuals. Time will not allow me to enter upon statistical details, but, speaking roughly, I may say that the air expired from the lungs contains between 3 and 4 per cent, of carbonic acid, and it is calculated that one man in an hour produces as much carbonic acid gas as a burner consuming 6 feet of coal gas, or as two burners consuming 3 feet each, So that when it is objected that any two burners in a room are producing so much carbonic acid as to affect the atmos phere injuriously, you may turn out your neighbor or turn out the gas with equal relief, seeing that he contributes quite as much carbonic acid as the couple of burners. Now, the ordinary proportion of carbonic acid gas in the atmosphere is under a half part in a thousand The maximum amount

for instance, where it may be assumed that the atmosphere is defiled to its utmost possible extent both by the combustion of gas and the respiration of individuals—each individual contributing as much as is produced by 6 feet of gas—has always fallen short of a half per cent., the highest determination made by Dr. Roscoe amounting to 82. Apparently when the carbonic acid begins to accumulate to this extent, ventilation

takes place through crevices and porous walls (for walls are freely porous to the minute particles of gases) whereby the proportion of carbonic acid is kept down,

and, as I have just said, it has never been known to reach one-half per cent.

Now this observation has a very important bearing upon some other facts, to which I will refer in a minute or two; but there is, first, one other remark I have to make with regard to carbonic acid gas, It is a liquefiable gas. Under exposure to high pressure and low temperature it is converted into a transparent liquid ; and, in iis liquid state, it presents a most remarkable resemblance in its properties to that terror of gas managers, disulphide of carbon. Liquefied carbonic acid gas (CO,) and disulphide of carbon (CS,) are both of them heavier than and immiscible with water, but miscible with alcohol and ether ; and they are both of them excellent solvents for fats, resins, india rubber ete. Further, in considering the properties of disulphide of carbon, we shall find that it acts as an anhydrous acid, combining directly with bases to form definite salts, strictly comparable with the ordinary carbonates pro. duced by the direct combination of carbonic acid with bases.

Disu!phide of carbon is a compound of great chemi cal interest, and I will now endeavor to illustrate to you some of its most striking properties, In the first place, it is a readily combustible substance—its carbon burning into carbenic acid gas, COs, and its sulphur into sulpburous acid gas, SO, ; but when burned with a deficient supply of air, a good deal of its sulphur escapes combustion, and separates as a deposit of yellow smoke. By warming a little disulphide of carbon in this flask 1 get an abundant supply of the vapor, which you now see burning with a fine blue flame, not unlike that of carbonic oxide. The flame is of a very considerable brilliancy ; and a pieve of iron wire or watehspring barns readily in it, with vivid sciotiilations and formations of sulphide of iron. Here, then, we have an illustration of the inflammability of disulphide of carbon in the state of vapor; and before calling your attention to the facility with which it assumes the state of vapor, I will just refer to the brilliancy of its com bustion, both in oxygen and in the gas known as nitric oxide, With oxygen, however, the experiment is a dangerous one, from the violence of the explosion, In this jar of nitric oxide gas, then, I introduce a small

intensity. and although lasting for scarcely an instant, is nevertheless applicable to the purposes of photography, as a substitute for daylight. I will next give you an illustration of the facility with which the disulphide vaporizes, At one end of this long shallow tray I place a piece of sponge wetted with disulphide of carbon. I

ata distance of 8 or 4 feet from the sponge, and you observe that the vapor with which the tray is filled immediately takes fire; and I thus set fire to the sponge ata distance from it of several feet. Tine vapor of disulphide of carbon is very heavy—nearly three times as heavy as air. I have here a bottle of disulphide of carbon vapor, and here a succession of empty glasses. I pour the vapor from the bottle into a glass, from the first glass into a second, from the second into a third, and from the third into a fourth, and you see that in that fourth glass there is sufficient di-sulphide

of carbon vapor left to take fire upon my

bringing alight to it. The extremely low inflaming point of disulphide of carbon vapor is another point of much interest. I have bere a little olive oil in a testtube, which I heat over a lamp to the temperature of about 400°, although a lower temperature would suffice; and when I bring the extremity of the tabe of bot oil near to the disulphide of carbon in this glass, you observe that it acts like a lighted match, and immediately inflames the vapor of the disulphide. (To be concluded in our next,)

eye The Source of Light in Fiame.

It has until recently been taught that the light of flames is altogether due to the ignited particles of solid

matter liberated in the Lurning gases, Recent experiments

, however, have proved that this is not true in all

cases, In burning hydrocarbons—whether a candle or

hydrocarbon oils—the oxygen of the atmosphere first unites with the hydrogen, by reason of its greater affinity for that gas than for carbon. If there is not an excess of oxygen present, the particles of carbon will be set free and pass off as smoke, or be deposited in the

form of lampblack. The union of the oxygen and hydrogen

is made without any material production of light or flame. The flame and light is due to the burning particles of solid carbon which vibrate, momentarily, with the evolution of waves of light, and are then consumed or converted into a invisible gas.

hold a piece of white crockery in a hydrocarbon flame, it is immediately blackened by a deposit of carbon, which is cooled by the contact, and arrested in its progress of consumption, If we hold a piece of the same crockery in an oxyhydrogen flame it will not be blackened, for the reason that there is no carbon present.

When an electric light is projected upon a screen, it is distinctly noticeable that the brightness of the light is produced by the two ignited solid carbon points, while the space between them is almost dark—the little light that is visible is due to the passing over of fine particles of the carbon from the positive to the negative pole.

But all flames are not thus due to the ignition of particles of solid carbon or other solid matter. It has recently been shown that compression has much to do with the production of flame. Oxygen and hydrogen contain no solid matter, and hence it has been supposed that the flame produced by their combustion could not be made to give out light. Recent experiments, however, have shown that when these substances are ignited by an electric spark, in a very strong vessel, they give out a most intense light. This light is duc to the compression produced by the expansion of the gases at the moment of ignition.

The brightness of the electric spark may be any increased by compression of the atmosphere through which it is passed. If we attach a glass tube to a torce pump, and produce the electric spark within it, while the density of the air is being constantly increased by the action of the pump, the luminosity of the spark will increase with the increasing density of the atmosphere in the tube, and fail off with the decrease of its density.

Various other experiments of a similar nature have recently been made to prove that the rule which influences the production of light in flames, without the presence of solid particles is—that the denser the products of combustion, the greater is the light produced. —Scientifie Press,

a

—Professor Botger, inquiring into the cause of the action of distilled water on lead, has found it to be due to the presence of carbonate of ammonia, and not, as is

the jar, apply a light to its mouth, when you will ob serve a large descending body of flame of surpassing 'Ihis flame is very rich in chemical rays,

ns

After baving been boiled for a time, distilled water will

not attack the lead until after a considerable exposure,

when a reabsorption of ammonia and carbonic acid from the air, where they are always present, may be supposed to have taken place. Botger has further found that the alloying of the lead with a small amount of tin protects the former from being acted upon, and this fact suggests the advantage of purposely introducing a

little tin into the metal from which lead piping is to be

now bring a lighted taper to the other end of the tray, manufactured.

If we.

su & 2s. 4.26 6 et 6 org oot ars

On the Distillation of Hydrocarbons. By Joserpa Hirsu, Ph.D.

On reading the note of Prof, B. Silliman, on his " Ex-

amination of some California tar." it occurred to me

that similar experiments, when carried on with a view of ascertaining the qualitative and quantitative result of illuminating oil, should be executed under circumstances more parallel to the distillation on a large scale, in order to arrive at an approximately true result.

During distillation of natural hydrocarbons on acommercial scale, that is, in large stills, the process of "cracking" always takes place to some degree; or, in other words, as all native hydrocarbons consist of mixtures of those substances of greatly varying boiling points, all hydrocarbons of high boiling points contained in such mixtures are during distillation exposed to various degrees of temperature below their own boiling point, as long as those hydrocarbons of lesser gravity and lower boiling point have not been removed by distillation,

It is this exposure to a lower degree of heat than corresponds to the distilling point of an oil of definite gravity which comprises the operation of " cracking." If we consider that the stills used ordinarily in this country vary in capacity from 500 gallons to 20,000, and in single instances, as in the refinery of Reese and Graff, Pittsburgh, Pa., to 40,000 gallons a piece, the discharge of which varies in duration from one to six days, it will he evident that frequently, as in the last case mentioned, a portion of the oil, which may enter the still with a boiling point of, for instance, 400° F., will remain exposed for more than 100 hours to various degrees of increasing heat, all of which are below its own boiling point, as the heat of even the strongest fire is absorbed by the evaporation of the more volatile portions of hydrocarbons,

During this normal state of distillation in a still of such dimensions, the process of "cracking" will be taken advantage of in a supreme degree without any especial efforts or loss of time, the resulting distillate being of a light specific gravity and corresponding color, while only a small portion distils over as paraffin oil, the latter being due to over heating, which with a small quantity can hardly be avoided in so larger still, on account of the peculiar shape which has to be given to it to insure sufficient strength, and the effect upon that of the fire. To this point I shall return again.

If we compare the distillation of five or ten gallons with the above we find that in applying fire freely, the entire quantity may be distilled off in less than an hour, and cannot likely take more than a few hours— referring, as before, to a moderately intense heat. Here, according to the construction of the still or the manner of applying heat, the distillate will contain hydrocarbons of as high a specific gravity respectively, and as high a boiling point, as the crude oil did before entering the stil, or even of a higher one, if the oily vapors were over heated,

In this case the two leading items in the distillation on a commercial scale, viz., time and a temperature below the actual boiling point of a portion of the oil, are entirely wanting, and their absence unavoidably greatly modifies the resulting product. If, then, we wish to distil a small quantity of hydrocarbons analo gous to the manner in which this process is carried on on a large scale, we have to employ the process of "cracking" only. But even then very rarely has the time of executing such a distillation of a few gallons been extended beyond a small number of hours, and the consequence is a distillate with a comparatively high boiling point

The difference between this last named distillation and that on a large scale is the same as the one bet ween distilling coal for the production of illuminating gas and that for producing coal oils. The former, producing tar of great specific gravity, is, for the reasons mentioned, even on a large scale, carried on in comparatively small low retorts, while for the production of coal oils, the larger revolving retorts arc found more desirable. In these, the oily vapors are exposed to a cooler temperature than their own, with every revolution of the retort, and are in this manner broken up into oils of lighter gravity, distinguished from the tar oils by their fitness for illumination,

If, then, a few gallons of hydrocarbons are distilled with a view of presenting the probable results ona large scale, we ought to consider the amount of heating surface, which caught to be small, and only at the bottom of the still, together with the arrangements made for cooling the sides and upper portions of the distilling apparatus, as this materially influences the process of " tracking."

This may be more comprehensible by noticing the rules which by experience I found to regulate the distillation of carbon oils on an extensive scale,

Ist. The difference of temperature between the actual

boiling point of oil of detinite gravity, and of the

The American Gas-Light Journal.

temperature to which it is raised, is proportionate to —' the transformation of light oils into denser pro-the

effect of the process of "cracking," that 1s to say, the more the temperature of the actual boiling point of oil of definite gravity ia above the temperature to which the same oil is raised, the greater is the quantity of light oil obtained. If then we wish to reduce the gravity of a very heavy oil greatly, we shall have to employ an exceedingly low temperature, so low sometimes as to suspend actual distillation for a short time.

2nd. The gravity of the distillate, resulting from reduction of temperature, will be directly proportionate to said reduction, ¢e., if we reduce the temperature to a degree at which only naphtha of 0°700 boils, the resulting distillate will possess a specific gravity of 0°700 regardless of the gravity of the original oil.

This law enabled us to produce a distillate of any desired gravity (below that of the oil before distillation) from any crude oil, an! a due regard to it enables us to produce an illuminating oil of the same specific gravity without great quantitative loss from the light Pennsylvanian oils, as that produced from the heavier Ohio, Canada, or California oils. In distillation, the temperature therefore should always be reduced to the boiling point of oil of the specific gravity desired.

8rd. 'The difference betWeen the temperature of the two boiling points, viz., of the oil being subjected to distillation, and of the desired distillate, is in direct proportion to the height of the still employed, or which produces the same effect, to the facility for cooling the upper portions of the still, According to this law a heavy oil will yield the readier a light distillate the higher its vapors have to rise before leaving the still, because the reduction of temperature in those higher portions of a retort which are more remote from the source of heat acts upon the vapor of the oil in fine division, and reduces their gravity more readily than the compact liquid oil.

If the heat is applied solely to the bottom of the still, while its sides and top may be exposed to a current of cool air, the reduction of the temperature of oil vapors takes place similarly to, and can be controlled better than, the cooling in high stills without this provision.

The arrangements for cooling the sides and top of a

still must therefore be the more complete the lower or smaller the still employed is. This law also teaches us that stills to be used for "cracking" oil should have a flat bottom, and should have the flues arranged in such a manner as to permit the restriction of the fire to the bottom only, which is necessary to the process of "cracking." Where superheated steam is used as the heating me dium it ought to be applied at the bottom only. Where the dimensions of a still become as huge as was mentioned in the beginning of this article, a flat bottom hardly be strong enough ; in this case the boiler shape is usually employed. In order to have a practically sufficiently large heating surface, the fire here has to reach up to a certain distance on the round boiler, If the quantity of oil present in the still is so small as to be below the boiler surface exposed to the fire, the raising oil vapors will be superheated on this surface, and the resulting distillate will be of greater specific gravity, and of darker color than it normally would have been, the product resembling more the oils resulting from the distillation of coal-tar.

For this reason the residuum in such stills, after reduction to the quantity mentioned, is frequently removed to smaller stills. This ¢:minution of temperature of the oil vapors causes a partial condensation and redistillation of the oil, which diminishes the color and gravity of the oil.

4th, The intensity of the process of " cracking" is proportionate to the suddenness with which the oil vapors are condensed before leaving the still. The thorough application of this principle produces more rapidly those results mentioned as necessary in the preceding paragraph.

5th. The difference in gravity between that of the vil distilled and of the desired distillate is in direct proportion to the quantity of water produced in the process,

If from a very heavy oil an exceedingly light distillate is to be produced, the proportion of water is so immense as to show occasionally a distillate of water with but a minute percentage of oil floating on its surface. In all such cases small black particles of carbon float on the top of the water, forming an intermediate layer between the latter and the oil. The quantity of carbon separated in this manner is also proportionate to the quantity of water distilled over resp., to the intensity of the process of "cracking" employed, This carbon is mechanically carried over by particles of water, which in contact with oil always produce violent ebullition,

These laws are the same with hydrocarbons distilled under the ordinary atmospheric pressure as with those distilled in a vacuum under increased pressure, In the two last-named cases the variation of boiling point corresponding to these different degrees of pressure has to be taken into consideration,

Referring once more to the article of Prof. Silliman, I would mention that I deem his concluding assertion

ducts like tar, to result not as has been supposed by some, from the addition of oxygen producing an oxidized body, but by the removal of successive atoms of hydrogen in the form of water,""—simply a different mode of expressing the opinion of others referred to, as the removal of hydrogen in the shape of water is certainly a perfect and true process of oxidation.—Chem, News. Erie Water Works.

The people of the thriving city of Erie, Pa., have been for years dependent for their supply of water on local wells, aided by an inefficient system of supply furnished by a limited and unreliable congeries of pipes fed by springs of small capacity, But it is soon to be supplied from the pure waters of Lake Erie, than which no better water for drinking, lavatory, or manufactur ing purposes is in use, The plan, under the superintendence of H. P. M. Birkenbine, a well known Philadelphia engineer, is to erect on the shore of the lake an engine house and stand-pipe, the latter of sufficient hight to provide a head capable of supplying the most

elevated portions of the city.

The Erie Dispatch says: "The stand-pipe rises 234 feet above the level of the water, and stands on a rock 14 feet high, making the pipe 220 feet hizh; it is five feet in diameter, and is made of boiler iron 3-16ths of an inch thick at the top and 7-16ths of an inch at the bottom; it weighs 42 tuns. This is to be surmounted by an ornamental spire of bright metal fifteen feet high, This is the highest pipe on the continent, and probably in the world. It was raised in a very novel manner, the invention of the contractor, and is well worthy of a patent. It was done very much as the Irishman proposed to build a chimney, 'hold one brick up and put another under it" It was done by commencing with the top section and adding the lower sections in their regular succession, hoisting the pipe as each section was added, by means of derrick and pulleys.

' Around this pipe is to be built a tower nine feet six inches from wall to wall, and 190 feet high from the rock, surmounted by a balcony five feet wide. The balcony is reached by a spiral stairway of 250 steps, The stairway and pipe will fill the entire space in the tower. The tower will be of stone 22 feet, and the rej mainder of brick. The engines are of the Cornish pattern, Their cylinders are upright, and are 60 inches in diameter and 10 feet stroke. The cylinders themselves are of immense weight. The pistons work directly in connection with the pumprods. This connection is made in the lower or middle story. The pumps are in the basement story, placed directly under the engines, They are 2) inches in diameter and 10 feet stroke, and are capable of pumping 2,000,000 gallons eoch in 17 hours, Adjoining the engine house is the boiler house, which is 50 by 60 feet and one story high, made of brick, In this will be eight boilers, 30 feet long and 42 inches in diameter, with two 14-inch flues, They rest on brick and stone work, built up from the solid rock. Each boiler will be independent of the others, so the stopping of one will not affect the others. The fire will not be under the boilers, as is commonly the case, but will be in front of them, in combination chambers. The smoke stack is to be 100 feet high." —Scei. Amer.

et GH Carbon iu Iron,

It is well known that there are two states in which carbon exists in solid iron; astate of chemical combination with the iron, and a state of merely mechanical diffusion through its mass. It is also known that the carbon existing in iron in the last mentioned state is always in the form of graphite. Dr. Phipson has recently announced to the Academy of Sciences that he has discovered that silicium also may exist in cast iron either in a state of combination, or in a state of diffusion merely, and that, like carbon, when merely diffused through the iron, and not in combination therewith, it is always in the graphite form. He adds, what, if true, is of great practical importance, that upon the condition of the silicium in any given sample of cast iron depends, in a very great degree, the practicability of converting that iron into steel by the Bessemer process. He regards diffused or uncombined silicium as the least injurious, stating that while iron containing as much as three or four per cent. of free silicium can be converted into excellent steel by the Bessemer method, the presence of a very much smaller quantity of combined silicium will either render the iron containing it incapable of being converted into steel by that method at all, or will cause the steel produced from such iron to be so hard and bad as to be quite incapable of being worked. He promises to publish shortly a full account of his method of determining the condition in which silicium exists in iron, with details of his experiments upon the influence of that condition upon the resuits of the iron by the process referred to,

se - Pe, CMT pe EE A tee ae

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84 The American Gas-Light Journat..

The New York Society of Practical Prof, Robinson.—The disinfection of streets depends

Engineering.

[Reported for the American Gas-Licut Jovrat.]

The above-named society held its regular fortnightly dition,

meeting at its room, No, 24 Cooper Union Building. Tuesday evening, Sept. Ist, James A, Whitney, President, in the chair.

Previous to taking up the subject of " Cleansing and Disinfecting the Streets of Cities," which formed the stated topic of the evening, Mr. Holms, M. E., presented to the Society samples of an alloy of gray cast-iron, very hard and sonorous, and adapted to the manufacture of bells of clear sharp tone, for locomotives and the like. The metal would also answer a good purpose in the making of dies, ete. Mr. Holms stated that superior bells of this material could be made at a price but little more than that of common castings.

A paper prepared by Dr. C. F. Jenny on the regular subject for discussion was read by the Corresponding Secretary, Joseph B, Lyman. In this paper the ground was taken that in order to insure the requisite sanitary state of city streets, the latter must be paved or floored on some plan that would prevent the soaking or percolation of liquids therethrough, to the end that no unhealthy exhalations might be generated by fetid matter collecting under the pavement or in its interstiees. The writer held that the pavement being made in this manner and the surface garbage removed by sweeping machines, the remainder or finer refuse could be readily and thoroughly removed by washing with water thrown in jets against it, by suitable means, the water flowing to the gutters after having done its work and thence to the sewers, He proposed the laying of pipes in the side or transverse streets, these pipes to be furnished with hydrants, from which water could be thrown upon the streets by hose, the water being taken from the rivers and forced through the pipes by steam engines, 'This plan would furnish any required quan tity of water, without drawing upon the Croton. With reference to the structure of the pavement, it might be either of wood, stone or iron, but in addition to being substantially impenetrable to moisture, it should have a uniform surface, and must rest upon a substructure of such character that this surface may be maintained in spite of occasional disturbance, as in repairing gas and water mains, etc. The paper also treated with considerable fullness of different means of improving the sanitary condition of the streets by the use of dis infecting substances, and of other matters of collateral interest.

At the conclusion of Dr, Jenny's paper, a short one by Mr. Perry Dickson was read. Mr. Dickson suygested the use of a steam wagon carrying a water-reservoir and an apparatus for throwing the water upon the pavement in several jets, and at an angle that would dislodge the offil that may adhere to the surface after the removal of the coarser garbage. He maintained that such a machine could be moved faster or slower according as it might be necessary to use a greater or less quantity of water in cleansing any given portion of a street; and that by this method the clean-ing operation would be so complete that no sprinkling to lay

ome mea-nre upon the motion of airing them, Great epidemics have often been immediately preceded by yvreat calm. Fires made in the streets wou!d induce motion in the air, and thus improve their sanitary con-

A member remarked that it was an old practice to burn tar-barrels and similar materials in the street of cities infected with yellow fever, and mentioned an ex ample of the length of time that infectious matter may retain its dangerous attributes. In London a few years since, a disorder broke out in consequence of the opening of some graves made in the time of the great plague two centuries before, aud closely resembling the plague; this recalled an old tradition that the plague itself had resulted from the opening of an ancient burial groun that had remained intact from the time of the Saxon kings.

J. K. Fisher.—In the cleansing of streets the jet system was tested some years ago in Sheffield, Eng., with very satisfactory results. The water being estimated at the price charged to manufacturers, this mode of cleansing costa less than carting off the rubbish would. 'The best plan for cleaning streets is to use a steam machine that can be employed*either for throwing jets on the pavements to clean them, or into burning buildings in case of fire. 1 proposed a plan some time since in which the water jets were to be followed wp by a strong blast of air from the machine, which would expel the water from the crevices, and enable the pavement to dry rapidly, I think if the Croton water was properly distributed inatead of being in a great measure wasted, it would be found sufficient to clean the streets.

J. B. Lyman.—The Croton supplies sixty-nine million gallons daily, nineteen millions are used in houses, and nine millions in manufacturing operations, the balance is wasted.

Lawrence Holms.—To return to the proper pave ments of streets. J would mention a plan of my own, in which the pavement is made of iron, perforated in such a way as to afford a good foothold for draught animals, and also to permit the offal to fall through to a sub-pavement provided below and made of cement. By flushing the sub-pavement the offal would be swept through suitable conduit pipes to the sewers,

A gentleman present stated that several streets in St. Louis, Mo., were provided with a pavement closely resembling this, It cost in the neighborhood of three dollars and a half persquare yard.

Among the miscellaneous business that followed the discussion, was a report of progress from the Committee on Water Meters, appointed at a previous meeting, and who announced that their investigation into the merits of different meters would be continued.

The society adjourned to meet again at the same place on Tuesday, the 15th inst., when "Elevated Railways for City Travel" will form the subject for discussion,

On Monochromatic Light. By Henry Morton, Ph.D.

The difficulty of producing monochromatic light in great quantity prevents us from demonstrating satisfactorily many points of interest in connection with the composition of light, and the theory of vision, Colored glasses placed in the path of powerful beams of white

the dust in summer would be necessary. The President state that the plan of street-cleaning

by jets thrown from hydrants was very old. It was tried in the city of Philadelphia many years ago with

satisfactory results. The jets were also employed fer washing the fronts of the houses. About a score of years since a similar method was tried in London, but was abandoned in favor of tie " street orderly system" of sweeping and cleansing by the manual labor of gangs of laborers, which gave employment to the pauper la bor of the city, and diminished the poor rates

Dr. A' W. Hall.—An inventor m Washington has explained to me a novel mode of washing the streets,

He proposes to make the lamp-posts serve as water

pipes and to connect them by horizontal perforated tubes, so that by simply turning a stopeock water may be ejected theretrom to the middle of the street.

Dr. B. Frank.in.—When garbage is carried into the sewers by washing the task of disinfecting the garbage is very great. Some means should be applied to disinfect

the garbage before it passes to the sewers, Sulphate

of iron is preferable as a disinfecting material to

charcoal, which only absorbs the noxious gases.

Dr, Jenny.—1 hardly thought it necessary in the paper to speak of the sewers—what will clean the streets will doubtless incidentally clean the sewers,

Prof. Wm. Robinson.—Charcoal seems to me to deserve tore attention than it receives here, It absorbs very large quantities of gases, and prevents them from acting injuriously

The President.—No intiseptic is absolutely unlimited in its action. If that of charcoal is limited by its power of absorption, that of sulphate of iron and the ike is bounded by its power of chemical combination.

light are doubly unsatisfactory ; they reduce the amount

of light enormously, and with few exceptions (e g., red

glass colored with gold) yield a beam of mixed color. The old experiments of snap-dragon, or the spirit

lamp with salted wick, are admirable as far as they go, but yield a very faint light at best. Something far

superior to this is furnished by the arrangement of a ring of cotton wick wound on a wire, and supported immediately over and around a large Bunsen burner, the wick being soaked with an aqueous evolution of some flame coloring salt, This plan in effect is suggested in Sir David Brewster's natural magic; but as the Bun sen burner was uot then known, a less simple arrangement is described to perform the same office. 'Lhe drawbacks to this arrangement are: the trouble of adjusting the cotton wicks, the delay im changing to pro/uce a new color, and the brief duration and, to a certain extent irregular mount of the effect.

After lighting, the burners increase their effect to a certain point, and then soun rapidly diminish in the intensity of their light,

When a large number of burners are to be used these difficulties become serious, and I have therefore devised the following arrangement, which has proved, on trial, thoroughly efficient:—The burners to be used, varying in number from 5 to 30, in different experi-entrance

, Opposite to which is placed an atomizer, operated either by steam or compressed air,

A spray of the coloring solution is thus mixed with the air supplying the burners, and their flames are thus tinged with the greatest ease, Certainty, and iutensity of effect, the whole action being entirely under control,

ments, are enclosed below iv a box with a single large

and capable of b-ing maintained indefinitely, while the change from ene color to another is effected by simply transferring the tube of the atomizer from one solution to another,

For experiments demanding diffused light, this apparatus is most satisfactory. Five large Bunsen burners, thus arranged, light up the lecture 1oom of the Franklin Institute, which seats about 350 persons; and with 60 burners, arranged in two groups of 80, I expect to illuminate sufficiently, at my next lecture, the Academy of Music, which has 3,560 stalls. Of course in neither case is the light brilliant, but sufficient to show in the most distant portions of the room the peculiar effects of this light on the faces and dresses of the audience themselves, Any object near the flame is, however, brightly illuminated.

The stage being set with the most brilliant scenery and colored decorations, suddenly illuminated by yellow light thus developed, the ordinary gas beng turned down, presents an appearance of ghastly change, which cannot be appreciated until seen, while sufficient light reaches all parts of the house to allow the audience to repeat the strange observation of metamorpho sis upon tl eir neighbors,

In certain experiments, however, it is necessary to have monochromatic light of great intensity and concentration.

This I have found could be furnished in the case of yellow light, to a certain extent, by substituting in the gas microscope or polariseope a soda-glass rod for the ordinary lime cylinder, and so adjusting its position that the rays from the heated glass should be cut off trom the lenses, and only the light of the yellow flame should reach them

We can thus show, upon a screen 5 feet in diameter, the greatly-increased number of rings developed by a section of iceland spar in monochromatic light.

With the spectroscope we can also project the sodium line on the screen, so as to be well seen by an audience of 500 persons. By afterwards producing the absorption-band due to the vapor of the su'stance, with the aid of a small Bunsen burner and iron spoon with sodium, and again showing the absorption-binds of nitric peroxide and of cochineal, the characteristic phenomena of spectrum analysis may be sufficiently illustrated, without the trouble and expense of the electric light.

We have, in fact, with a large and efficient battery at command, generally employed the above arrangement by preference.

The details of adjustment we will furnish, with pleasure, should any one think it of sufficient interest to ask for them.

A New Motive Power.

A practical demonstration was lately given at the College of the city of New York, of the working and power of a new electro-magnetic motor or engine invented by Lapan Clark Stuart, The experiments were made by Professor R. Ogden Doremus, in the presence of several scientific gentlemen, whose applause was frequently evoked, The new invention consists in the appliance of electricity to magnets, by which the motion is obtained; the magnets are fastened to a cylinder, which revolves when the electric wires are attached to it. With a galvanic battery of 40 cups, the engine is capable of making 500 revolutions a minute, equal to one-tenth of horse power; with larger mag nets, but without any addition being made to the elec tric force, increased momentum is obtained. When 20 cups are used, as demonstrated yesterday, only 120 oscillations a minute are given to the cylinder; so that the greater the amount of electricity and size of the magnets, correspondingly greater becomes the acceleration, The cost of running an engine of this sort at two-horse power is estimated at $12 a day. Its salieut features are claimed to be the continuity of the electric: current, and the consequent continuity and steadiness of its movement, its cheapness and small size, and its saving of insurance. During his demonstration Prof. Doremus gave an illustration of the explosive qualities ot nitro glycerine, He placed a quantity of the compound liquid in a capsule, and then impregnated it with galvanic heat, but until he touched the bottom of the vessel which contained it, it did not burn.—Jour, of Mining, Aug 15.

—A writer in the Pittsburg Commercial says that on the 1st of April last, the four principal petroleum ports of Europe had on hand a less stock than in the previous year by 95,193 barrels; the stock at New York and Philadelphia was less by 100,000 barrels; the stock at Pittsburg and the wells is less by 500,00u barrels, making a total falling off in the supply ot 700,000 barrels. The production during the past year has averaged about 9,000 barrels per day, while the conumption

is at least 13,000 barrels. Hence it is infer* ed that there will be a rise in oil,

Correspondence.

Correspondents in all cases should sign their communications with their names and address in full, not necessarily for publicacation, but as a guarantee of good faith —Eps.

Taxes on Small Gas Works. Fitcusure, Mass., September 5th, 1868.

Messrs, Epirors; It gives me pleasure to learn by the article in your Journal of 2nd inst, that our brethren of the West are awakening to the injustice 6f the tax upon small Gas Companies, I send you the following circulars that were sent to thé small Gas Companies in this State and others near us, with a copy of a petition sent to our members of Congress ; but for want of a more ge desired. But I have such strong faith, from the justice of our case, that with a combined movement of all the

neral movement it failed of the effect

small Companies, that the removal of the tax can be accomplished, that I trust the matter will not sleep until it is done.

I presented sworn statements from some nine Companies that they had not earned a dividend siace 1861, to the Committee to which the petition was referred, 1 send the papers that you may send them to your correspondent, to show him we are with him.

Yours, H. F, Coeaswatt,

Treasurer's & SuPERINTENDENT's Orrice, Fircusure, Dec. 7th, 1867. Dear Sir: While small gus companies pay a very heavy revenue tax to Government, and are too poor to pey any tax, large companies practically pay vo tax, as their price per 1000 feet for gas was so low before

the war they add the tax, while the price of small com-

—s9,

\panies was so high before the tax was levied upon us,

that we could not add the tax.

Now the object of this circular is to have a meeting in Boston, at the Parker House, Wednesday, December 18th, at 11 o'clock, A. M., to make a combined movement to have the tax abated. I think this can be done at the present time.

Does this movement meet with your approval, and if so, will you have your company represented at the above meeting. Kespectfully, H, F, Cogesaart,

Treas. and Supt Fitchburg Gas Coupany.

SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFIce, Frrounura, Dec. 24th, 1868,

Dear Sir: At a meeting of the representatives of some twenty gas companies, in Boston, the 18th inst, to see what measures could be taken tu have the Government tax removed from small gas companies, the undersigued were chosen a committee to draw up sneh & petition to Congress as im their judgment wight be thought best, and send the same to each gas company iu New England whose consumption did not average 400,000 feet per worth, for the signatures of the officers of their Company and such others in the place as would have an influence with the members of Cougress from their District, aud return the same to H, F, Gogg shall, Fitchbu g, Mass,

And also that all companies who have not paid a dividend since the advance in coal, etc, be requested to send to said Cogyshall a transcript of their balance. sheet, which should be sworn to betore a Nutary Pubhe Such statement to be used before the Committee on Ways and Means,

It is thought by the public at large, (and we do not except members of Congress) that gas companies are a monopoly, avd make large dividends a. the expense of the public.

Of the class of gas companies which we represent, we know this to be untrue, and we deem it very im portant that we have these facts to convince this committee of the truth of our statements, Facts sworn tu they will believe.

By compliance with the above request at as early a day as possible, you will very much contribute towards carrying forward this movemeut, we trust, to the de sired result.

As there will be small expense in bringing this matter to a successful issue, will your company bear your proportion of the same ? Kespectiully,

H. F. Co@esuatt,

Treas, & Sup't Fitchburg Gas Co, Henry J, Exuiorr,

President Keene Gas Co, GeurGe A, Merritt,

President Kutland Gas Co,

To tae Honorasre Senate ano House or Representatives IN ConGress AsseMBLED:

The undersigned respectfully represent that the revenue

tux assessed upon small gas companies isa very severe and heavy burden upon us, and although, while our beloved country needed all the aid that could be viven by all classes, and, although we could make no returns, in many cases, to those persons who had invested their capital in these enterprises, in dividends, we have paid this tax without a murmur or compl sint,

And that you may understand that this is not an iin aginary burden, but is such in fact, we would sta' e tuat the tax assessed npon large companies, of 20 and 25 ets per thousand, is not paid by them, but by the con. sumers, for this reason, that the price they charged before the war was froin $2 to $8 per 1000 feet, with the advance in price to mect the advance in materials, making the price not over $3 to $4, and to this price the companies add the tax.

Now it is well known ihat companies manufacturing 50,000 to 1,000,000 feet each 24 hours, can manufacture the same at a much less rate than 10.000 or 20,000 feet can be made, But small gas companies manufacture gas under a much greater disadvantage. Most of such companies are situated from 20 to 100 miles from the seaboard, and, consequently, have to pay from $1 to $4 per ton freight on their coal more than most of the large companies, They are situated in sparsely settled towns comparatively, having a Jonger length of main pipe in proportion to consumption, than large companies, and in consequence, a larger amount of capital in proportion to consumption, than large companies, anda larger per cent, of condensation and leakage in proporto consumption, and in consequence of the-e disadvantages under which they labor, the price charged by all such companies was from $4 to $4.50 per 1000 feet, before the war, and very few were enabled to pay dividends, even at that price. The advance of materials that go into the cost of manufacture, in consequence of the war, such as coal 80 per cent, labor 90 per cent., iron 90 per cent,, fire-brick 80 per cent., lime 90 per cent., could only be met by smat!l companies by an advance of from 20 to 25 per cent at the most, 'This ad vance made the price so high that the tax could not be charged to the consumers without materially checking consumption, and as a consequence, the tax bas, almost invariably, been paid by the gas companies, So that, practically, though large companies have paid no tax, it being paid by the consumers, while they have paid regular dividends, the smal! companies have borne the whole burden, and, in but few cases, have paid any dividends to their stockholders, Believing that it was the intention of Congress to tax no interest that could make no returns on its investments, and that your honorable body only weit to have such matters set before them in their true light, to promptly remove such burdens.

Now, believing that the condition of the country would not suffer from the removal of this burden, we humbly pray that the tax be entirely removed from all companies net using over 400,000 feet per month and to those using over 500,000 feet per month, it be reduced to 10 cents per thousand,

Raaway, September 7th, 1868. Messrs. Eptrors: We wish to co-operate in the movement for the removal of gas taxes from poor, sinai Gas Companies Companies that do not earn dividends for their stockholders should not be compelled to pay U.S. taxes, Yours, ete., J. R. SHorwe.t, President Rahway Gas-Light Company,

Smedberg's Synopsis of Gaslighting,."'

The following subscriptions to the above work are acknowledged, waking in all 195,

William L. Williams, Sup't Paterson Gas Co., N. J.

F. J. Ublrich, Sup't Galena Gas Company, IIL.

R. M. Wilder, Sup't Coldwater Gas Cv., Mich,

Fodell's System of Bookkeeping.

The following subscriptions to " F dell's System of Book-keeping for Gas-Light Compavies " have been re ceived, making in all 28:

Fredonia Natural Gas Company, Penn,

J. R. Shotwell, President Rabway Gas Co., N. J.

Henry Budd, Philadelphia, Penn,

John Horn, # -

E. G. Maller,

" "

The Convention,

The American Gas-Light Journal.

Gatena, ILL, September Tth, 1868 Messrs. Epirors: I should like to attend your Convention, but could not possibly spare the time so late in the Fall. I should preter June or July as the time, and Cincinnati as the place. Yours Respectfully, F, J. Uncaron, Sup't.

Cotpwater, Micu., September 7th, 1868 Messrs. Epirors: As to the proposed Convention, as between New York and Philadeiphia, would prefer the latter, but will try and attend at either place. Yours truly, RK. M. Wiper, Sup't.

Summary.

General

Smeppero's Synopsis or Britisn Gas Ligntine should be in the hands of every gas-engineer. Only five

more names are sufficient to make the requisite number

to insure its publication at an early day. So send your name to the American Gas-Ligut JouRNAL office, and confer a benefit on the gas fraternity.

Exaisition or THE Marytanp Institete.—The 21st annual exhibition of American manufactures and the mechanic arts, under the direction and superintendence of the Maryland Institute, wili be opened at Baltimore, Md., on Tuesday-evening, October 13th, and continue to Tuesday, November loth. Information in regard to the regulations, or proper space required for the display of machinery, etc., may be obtained by application to Joseph Gibson, Esq., Actuary of the Institute, Baltimore, Md.

New Faciiitres ror Snirprinc ANTHRACITE CoAL ON Lake Enis —The Erie Dispatch says: The Anthracite Coal Company's dock has at last got into working order, and the first cargo of coal shipped therefrom has been put on board ship. This is # success that Erie may be proud of, and it may not be unsafe to prognosticate a great increase in our coal shipments. This company bas al-o obtained the privilege of receiving and shipping its dock coal and iron over the Philadelphia and Evie Railroad on the same terms as at their own dock in the harbor. This liberal arrangement will do much toward facilitating business,

Tue Sewerace ane Warer Suprty or Grprattar.— The London Sudlder says the works of the main outfall are finished, and the house drainage is being begun, The works for conveying the water from the " Inundation" into the town are making rapid progress,— During the operation of driving a tunnel from the Landport ditch towards the Inundation, fresh water has been encountered in abundance soaking through from numerous springs. An estimate of the amount of these soakages, both in the tunnel and in another open cutting convected with the same works, bas been made, ahd it is found to yield 1,436 gallons per hour, If it should prove that this stream is continuous, the great problem of the water supply of Gibraltar will be solved, and incalculable advantages must acerue to the whole community. All theories of the geological conditions of the Rock, aceerding to the local Chronicle, seem to point to the existence of a large system of internal watershed.

Specrra or Frame.—Professor A. Lielegg tinued his researches on the spectra of the which the melting is carried on according to the Bessemer system. 'This flame being only carbonic acid gas in an incandescent state. and the spectrum of this gas being yet unknown, the observations of M. Lielegg have served to fill up a gap in the series of spectra produced by the gases in combustion. The apparition and disappearance of some of the luminous fixed lines is closely connected with the metallurgical operations, At the moment when the decarburization of the iron is nearly terminated, these spectral lines assume essential modifications. The appearance of a group of lines and of an isolated line in the violet blue portion of the spectrum, marks a singular moment of the period during which the soft iron 1s being formed, and these lines disappear sooner than all the others; their appearance avd disappearance serve, therefore, to indicate the termination of the process.

has conflame in

Gas Companies AND Street Pavements.—An English paper, the Solicitors' Journal says: " We think it may now be regarded as finally settled by the decision of Vice-Chancellor Malins, In Attorney-General Cambridge Gas Consumers' Company, that the breaking up of the streets of a town without parliamentary authority, for the purpose of down gas pipes, is such a public nuisance as will be restrained by injunction

at the suit of the Attorney-General. The case is reported

, 16 W. R. 1,007, Few, probably, of our readers— at any rate, of those who live in paved and lighted regions—will regret that the Vice-Chancellor should have arrived at this decision ; yet, inasmuch as the full court came toa contrary conclusion in Attorney-General v, Sheffield Gas Company, 3D, M. & G. 807, a case, in many respects, upon all tours with the Cambridye case, we do not wonder that the defendants in the latter case should have proceeded with se wuch confidence, and have expressed so much disappointment at the issue, Still the cases are distinguishable, and the state of public feeling has, no doubt, undergone a change with respect to the nuisance occasioned by gas companies dise turbing the streets since the year of the Sheffield decision; aud we take it, on the authority of Lord Cottenham, that the Court of Chancery, like every other institution, must accomodate itself to the demands of the age. We cannot, therefore, regret that another precedent has been established for the interference of the court with nuisances of this description."

86 THE AMERICAN GaAS-LIGHT JOURNAL.

The French Saebmarine "Davy" Lamp

Since the invention of the " Davy" lamp—which, although a wonderful discovery, gives but a faint light, and is not perfectly secure against the dangers of explosion by fire-damp—the English Government offered four thousand pounds as reward for the invention of a lamp burning without contact with the external air. Two young Parisian students of the Polytechnic school, MM. H. Liauté and L. Denoyel, have carried off the An oxygen lamp has been already constructed,

ut it could only burn under water by means of a supply of air pumped into it by machinery which required four men to work. The newly-invented lamp burns alone, carrying within it the requisite supply of gas. The savans denied that this could be done. A man, in costume of a diver, recently descended into the sluice opposite the Mint, to the depth of eight feet; the lamp

burned beneath the water, and at the distance of two

yards from him the diver was able to inscribe with a diamond on a piece of glass the date and hour of the experiment. The lamp burned for three quarters of an hour in the water, and when it was hauled to the surface it was still burning, and the flame as bright as ever. It has been made by M. Delenil, constructor to the Polytechnie sebool. Not only will this invention prevent the danger of explosions from fire-damp, but it will enable search for drowning persons, or for property lost by shipwreck, to be pursued with the utmost facility.—Once a Week.

=On Safety Vaives for Steam Boilers.

We notice among the new American patents in the American Artisan, that H. W. Hewet, of New York, has patented an invention, the object of which is to produce a valve that will yield promptly when the pressure in the boiler exceeds that at which the valve is loaded, and will close as promptly the moment that excess has escaped; and it consists in applying the pressure of the steam to a portion only of the face of the valve through ports in its seat, in contradistinction to applying it to the center of the valve within the annular formation of the seat; the annular face of the valve may be either a convex or concave cone or both combined, that is, V-shaped in its cross section, the form of the seat corresponding with that of the face of the valve, which is annular, having a central as well as outer discharge , a channel or groove is formed in the center or thereabouts of the face of the valve of, say, a little more than one-third of the width thereof, and corresponding with this are ports in the seat communi cating with the boiler; these ports are a little narrower than the groove which spans them, so that the steam pressing !n said groove upwardly to lift the valve, reacts downwardly, on the uncovered portion of the seat, and opens the valve with great ease.

up, and is encased in a simple and convenient manner, 80 that it cannot be tampered with when adjusted and locked,

The Magnesium Light.

'

Gas Explosion at the United States Mint. R

The Philadelphia Ledger and Transcript gives us the particulars of a very serious explosion of gas at the United States Mint in that city, which occurred on the morning of Monday, August 31st. The Ledger contains the following: '"' About 9 o'clock yesterday morning an explosion of gas occurred in the fire-proof vault, attached to the room of the Chief Coiner of the Mint, at the northwest corner of Juniper and Chestnut streets, injuring severely Wm. Horner, the gas-fitter employed at the Mint, M. V. Davis, Clerk, and Andrew Stief, Assistant Clerk. The vault in which the explosion took place is some fifteen feet long, six or eight feet wide, and about fifteen feet high, having but one door of entrance, and no means of ventilation. There are two gas burners inside to give light to those employed in the vault, and it is supposed that when the light was turned off on Saturday, the flow of gas was not entirely stopped. When Messrs, Davis and Steif arrived at the office yesterday the smell of gas was exceedingly strong, particularly when the vault door was opened, Mr. Horner, who has charge of the entire gas fixtures in the Mint, was sent for, and on his entering the vault he lit a match by rubbing it against the wall inside; a terrific explosion instantly took place, throwing Mr. Horner through the vault door against a desk, at which Mr. Davis, the Coiner's clerk, was writing, and from this place he jumped or was blown out of the window on Juniper street, with his clothes all in a blaze. Workmen in the Mint soon reached the unfortunate man, and with their coats and blankets extinguished the flames, but not before his face, arms and body were badly, if not fatally, burned. The desk in the room was broken to pieces, and Mr. Davis, who was sitting, writing, was badly burned about the face and hands, The hair on his head was completely burned off. Mr, Stief was also burned about the hand and face. The two windows and the door leading into the room were completely shattered, together with the inside shutters. lhe ceiling of an adjoining vault, and the chimney flue, adjoining the vault where the explosion took place, were shattered, while a clock immediately above the door of the vault was not even stopped. The shelves in the vault were broken and the papers set on fire, and other articles knocked about in a general state of confusion ; a mirror was undisturbed and escaped without a speck upon its bright surface. The Director of the Miot, Dr. R. H. Linderman, was sitting in his room immediately above, opening letters. and when the explosion took place he was lifted bodily from his chair nearly a foot,

of Brive, has recently been making some experiments

which are described by the Chemical News: "If, while

The pressurespring is accessible for adjustment when the steam is

The light emitted by a magnesium wire one-thousandth

of an inch in diameter is equal to that of seventyfour stearine candles of five to the pound; three feet of it are burned per minute, or a quarter of an ounce per hour, the cost of which, at the present price, would be about 2s. 6d. Seventy-four stearine candles would, however, in the same time consume 2 lbs. of stearine, which would cost 2s.; 40-4 cubic feet of twelve can dies coal gas would be required to produce the same effect, and would cost about 23d, The dearness of magnesium arises from the dearness of sodium required in obtaining it. Magnesium gives off 265 times less heat than gas. Gas and candles vitiate the air by the production of watery vapor and carbonic acid ; magnesium is free from this objection, but it has an inconvenience of its own: a large quantity of calciued magnesia is

atmosphere of a room intolerable. This is also objectionable in 'photography, though used for very short periods, At best magnesium can be only an imperfect substitute for sun-light, its light has been found to be only the 4°525th of that of the sun on a bright November day, but at the same time its chemical effect was ascertained to be the 1.36th of that of the sun.

onrern

—The atmosphere in the tunnels of the Met ropolitan Railway in London is reported to be absolutely poisonous, and without any sufficient cause, as their proper

ventilation is perfectly practicable. Several deaths

are reported as having occurred in these neglected passages, and the compulsory purchase of the road by the government is loudly demanded by some of the English journals,

the current passes through the primary wire of a coil,

Nd

Patent Claims.

Pertaining to Gas, Water, etc.

81,733.—Gas Borner.—Arthur Barbarin, New Or-

leans, La,

I claim, Ist. The method herein deacribed of letting on the gas to the burner or shutting off therefrom, by the employment, in connection with the pipe or conduit for supplying gas to one or more burners, of a reservoir of quicksilver, glycerin, oils, or other non-freezing liquid in which the end of said conduit is immersed, the pressure of the gus is said conduit being regulated in the manner specified so that so long as the pressure does not exceed @ certain limit, the gas will be retained in its conduit by the r sistence of the said liquid, without the use of stopeocks or other means ordinarily employed, but whenever the pressure is increased so ag to exceed the said limit, 'he gas will overcome the resistence of the liquid, and pass feom its conduit to the burner, as set forth.

2d. The use and application, for the purpose specified in the preceding clause, of naphtha or other hydrocarbon liquid, substantially in the manner described, so that the said liquid shall not only constitute the stopcock of the conduit, but shall also carburet the gas when the latter is forced through it by the presence of the gas in said conduit.

8d The combination, with a reservoir containing quicksilver or other suitable liquid, and carrying the gas burner, of the bent end of the gas induction pipe, held within the reservoir, and arranged as described, so as to be adjusted to a greater or less depth iv the liquid in which it is immersed, the said liquid operating in connection with the pressure of gas in said pipe, to shut off and let on the gas to the burner, as set forth.

4th The combination, with a burner to which the flow of gas is regulated by means of quicksilver, oils, or other liquids, in connection with the pressure of gas in the conduit, as described, of a gas-igniting device, composed of spongy or finely-divided platium, arranged above the orifice of the burner so as tu be brought in contact with the gas issuing therefrom, as and for the purposes set forth.

81,734.—Seiy-Liestine Gas Burnyr.—Arthur Barbarin, New Orleans, La.

I claim a gas-lighting device, eonsisting of spongy or finely-divided platinum, combined with fine projecting platium wire, and fine projecting wire points or ends in the manner herein specified, the said device being applied to a gas burner, and arranged te operate substantially as shown and set forth.

81,735.— Apparatus For Lientine Gas.—Arthur Barbarin, New Orleans, La.

I claim, 1st, The application and use of clockwork or equivalent mechanism, in combination with the armature of an eleetro-magnet, to Jet on or shut off the gas, and contro} at the same time the operation of the illuminating agent, substantially as described.

2d. The combination of the rotary valves for supplying gas to the burners, and the mechanism for operating and stopping the same, with the armature of an electro-magnet, under such an arrangement that the motion of the said armature towards its magnet shall leave the said valves free to revolve, substantially as set forth.

8d. The arrangement relatively to each other of the valves for supporting the hydrogen and illuminating gases to their respective burners, so that the hydrogen gas shall be supplied to its burners before the opening of the valve through which the illuminating gas passes, substantially as shown and described,

4th. The method of transmitting a current of electricity from a main battery to the magnets of one or more valve-operating apparatus, by means of an apparatus arranged and operating 80 as to effect the momentary closing of the circuit between the said battery and magnets, substantially as shown, and for the purpose described,

Sth. The circuit-closing apparatus herein déscribed, the same consisting of the combination of a revolving needle and its actuating and stepping mechanism, with the armature of the electromagnet, the whole being constructed and arranged so that the momentary passage of a current of electricity through the said magnet shall ro move its armature as to effect the revolution of

the needle, substantially as set forth.

one of the extremities of the secondary wire is brought

near one of the extremities of the iron core, sparks can be drawn of remarkable intensity and brilliancy ; if, at the same time, the other end of the secondary wire is put in communication with one of the poles of the pile, a great increase takes place in the brillianey of the spark, Tien, on touching with the hand the iron core, and placing the free end of the wire in contact with the skin, a smart stinging sensation is felt. The sparks were produced with detenations. A single Bunsen element of small size was sufficient to produce these phenomena. When two recipients are charged with mercury and weter, and fragments of iodine added no effect is perceived; but if a small piece of zinc is allowed to fall into the mercury, the fragments of iodine are instantly set in motion and are rapidly dissolved. This solution, poured off clear, serves for many uses, M. Rondel has employed it, concentrated, for the supplying of a pile mounted in a closed flask, also for the preparation of a fine red iodide of mercury,"

Nores ror Macarnists.—A correspondent of the Scientific American publishes the following, as things

i ' to be remembered by maehinists : thrown off as a fine powder, which soon rendere the

Never turn a shaft without drilled centers,

Never turn the body until the ends are squared to the center and to the length.

Never allow a nut and bolt to pass that will not run down properly on each other,

Never pass a nut that does not screw down fair on its seat,

Never take the last cut on a thin casting, whether in the lathe or planer, without easing off the chuck or clamp that confines it.

Never use a tool square across the face to rough off with.

Never attempt to work steel that is harsh from want of proper annealing ; better take it back to the smith and have it annealed properly, than waste time and tools in doing what will be only a poor job,

If you can buy good tools cheaper than you can make them, buy them.

éth. The combination with the said circuit-closing needle, of a plate or disk, in and to which are secured the insulated wires of one or more apparatus for operating the valves which supply the gas to the burners, substantially as and for the purposes described.

7th. The method of closing the circuit of the local battery, by which the circuit-closing apparatus is ac:uated, by connecting the same with the operative works of a clock or other time piece, uncer the arrangements herein described, so that said circuit may closed at any desired hour.

3th. The construction and arrangement of the mechanism for closing and breaking the circuit between the operative works of the clock and the battery connected with the magnet of the circuit closing apparatus, substantially as shown and described.

9th. The combination, with the operative mechanism of a clock or other time piece, of the gas-lighting and circuit closing apparatus here described, the whole being constructed and arranged so as to cause the simultaneous ignition of any number of gas jets at any desired hour, substantially as set furth.

Merropotiran Drinxtyc Fountrary Assooration.— The annual meeting. of the members and supporters of this useful association has been beld in St. James's Hall. The chair was taken by the Hon. F. Byng. Mr, John Lee submitted the report from the committee. It expressed a hope that the generous support the association had hitherto received would not fail it until public free supplies of water for man and beast were placed in all the leading thoroughfares of the metropolis, The association had 117 fountains and 99 troughs under its care and supervision, and although they were spread over av area of something like 100 square miles, and were exposed to all the injury which thoughtless mischief, wilful malice, and unavoidable accident could

inflict upon them, yet so efficiently had the supervision

been carried out that at the present time there was not a single one out of repair, The total amount received during the year had been £3,649, but of that sum no less than £1,370 had been contributed for memorial fountains of special designs, and on special sites chosen by the donors, The report complained that in the establishment of cattle-troughs the society had not received that amount of support they had a right to expect from the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, which had offered simply a sum of £10 for each trough, which was only equivalent to one year's maintenance. Eight fountains and thirty-five troughs had been erected during the year.—London Builder.

MINER' g PATENT STREET LAMPS

JESopx

Are generally acknowledged to be the simplest, cheapest and most durable in use. The patentee is ready to fill all orders, or dispose of rights on liberal terms, as those at present engaged in the manufacture can attest. JACOB G. MINER, Morrisania, Westchester county N. Y.

ABORATORY OF INDUSTRIAL CHEM- ISTRY, directed by Prof. H. Dussauce, Chemist. Advices and Consultations on Chemistry as applied to Arts and Manufactures, Agriculture, Metallurgy, etc. Plans of Factories, Drawings of Apparatus, Analyses of Ores, Manures, Mineral Water, and Commercial Assays in general.

Prof. H. lussauce is ready to furnish information on the principal chemical manufactures such assoaps, candles, oils, petroleum, vinegar, matches, mines, etc., etc' For further details address—

8 Professor H. Dussauce, Chemist, New Lebanon, N, Y.

SCHOOL OF MINES, COLUMBIA COLLEGE, EAST 49th STREET, NEW YORK.

FACULTY: F. A, P. BARNARD, 8.T.D., LL.D., President. T. EGLESTON, Jr. E, M., Mineralogy and. Metallurgy. FRANCIS L. VINTON, E. M., Mining Engineering. C. F. CHANDLER, Ph. D., Analytical and Applied Chemistry. JOHN TORREY, M.D., LL.D., Botany. CHARLES A, JOY, Ph.D., General Chemistry, WILLIAM G. PECK, LL.D., Minimg Surveying and Mechanics, JOHN H. VAN AMRINGE, A.M., Mathematics, OGDEN N. ROOD, A M., Physics. JOHN 8. NEWBERRY, M.D., Geology and Palaeontology.

The plan of this School embraces a three years' course for the degree of Exainger of Mines, or BACHELOR of Putiosopny.

For admi-sion, candidates for a degree must pass an examination in Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry and Plain Trigonometry. Persons not candidates for degrees are admitted without examination, and may pursue any or all of the subjects taught. The next session begins October 7, 1867, The examination for admission will be held on October 8. For further information and for catalogues, apply to D.C. F. CHANDLER

ls0-lyr. DEAN OF THE FACULTY,

To Gas-Light Companies. SITUATION AS SUPERINTENDENT IS wanted by a competent man, whose experience qualifies

him to undertake the management or construction of gas-works of any size. Best references to parties in New York and elsewhere. Address SUPERINTENDENT, office Am. Gas Light Journal, 201tf

GAS-WORKS OF LONDON, By Zerah Colburn, C. E. One Votume, 12 mo ++-.-60 cents, D. VAN NOSTRAND, Pustisurr, (F~ Copies sent FREE by Mail on receipt of Price.

Tubn Bulls Automatic Purifier.

Tate Rights For Sale On Liberal

terms, For further information address by letter,

Ww. C. Turnsutt, care of 1, CU. Babcock, 59 Broadway, or to the Editors of this Journal,

Erie Basin Iron Works,

Manufacturers Of

Asometers

OF ALL SIZES INCLUDING FRAMES, GIRDERS, STANDING PIPES. WALL PLATES, GAS MAINS, RETORTS, ETC ETC, ALSO

STANLEY'S Patent Hydraulic Gas Main.

Our superior facilities for doing this class of work encourages us to solicit Gas Companies and others to give us their orders, We have excellent arrangements for shipping directly from the works, the depth of water being ample. Office and Works on Dwight, Elizabeth and Van Dyke streets,

H. R. Worthington'S

Patent Water-Meter,

This Meter is also used for the measurement of Oi! —it combines ACCURACY, SIMPLICITY, and REMARKABLE DURABILITY with such ease and certainty of motion, as to offer no appre ciable obstructions to the flow of water in the pipes to which it is connected, as it runs and registers upon three inches head, or when delivering the smallest stream. Theve qualities, with its low cost, have caused its extensive adoption by corporaons and individuals, in many of our largest cities. HENRY RR. WORTHINGTON, 61 Beekman steet, N. Y.

Works On The Manufacture

Of

Gas,

For Sale By D. Van Nostrand,

Publisher and Importer, 192 Broadway, New York,

Clegg'S Practical Treatise On The

Manufacture And Distsibution Of Coal-Gas.

Its introduction and progressive improvement, Illustrated by 174 engravings on wood, and 33 plates from working Drawings, with General Estimates. One volume, sto Price $10 50.

THE ANALYSIS, TECHNICAL VALUATION, PUal-

Fication, And Use Of Coal-Gas

By W. R. Bowditch, M. A., F. ©. 8 , with numerous illustrations,

Ong volume, 8vo. London, 1867 Price $6 25. THE GAS-WORKS OF LONDON. By Zerah Colburn, C. E. Contents: Sketch of 'he Gas-Works of

Profits, &c. One volume, 12mo THE GAS CONSUMER'S GUIDE.

By Wm. Richards, C. E , containing instructions on the Management of Gas; the means of Economizing Gas; Popular description tion by Meter, Ventilation, \c. One volume. 50 cents GAS-WORKS AND MANUFACTURNG COAL-GAS.

By 8. Hughes. One volume, 12mo. Price $1 50.

Banister—Gas Manipulation.

With a description of the various Instruments and Apparatus

Banister, Enlarged by Wm. T. Sugg, C. E., London, 1*67.

cloth.

The American Gas-Light Journal.

employed in the Analysis of Coal and Coal-Gus, By the late Henry

London; Process of Manufacture, Quality produced, and Cost, Price 75 cents,

of Gas Meters, with full directions for ascertaining the consump-

Svo., ; Price $7 50 ceived. Subscription price, $15,

Alfred Bliss, James Root, Albert F, Nye

Alfred Bliss & Co:;

Manufacturer of and Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

CHANEDLIERS, And Every Description of GAS FIXTURES, Coal-oil Chandeliers & Lamps in Metal With a Complete Assortment of lass, Paper and Porcelain Shades. 2" BLISS' PATENT CENTER LIGHT SLIDE CHANDELIER

Manufacturod Solely by us.

Warehouse and Manufactory, 95 Bleecker Street, New York. [99 MURRAY, BAKER & WALKER, PRACTICAL BUILDERS,

And Contractors For The

Erection Of Gas Works.

Manufacturers of all the latest and most improved

Apparatus And Tools

FOR Manufacture and Distribution of CeAL GAS.

Works At The Railway Depots,

Fort Wayne, Indiana.

The

We manufacture Bench Castings, Washers, "The Immersed Multitubular," and Atmospheric Condensers, Wet and Pry-Lime Purifiers, Dry Ce Seals, Telescopic and Single Gas Holders Wrought Iron Trussed Koof for Iron or Slate, Wood and Iron Trays for Purifiers, Coke and Coal Carts, Wrought Iron Screening Shovels, and Castings and Wrought Work of every description for Gas-works.

Mr. Walker's long experience as a Manager of gas-works rerders the success of uny system of Gas-Lighting which may be entrusted to his firm a matter of certainty

He will wait personally upon any Association which contemplate the construction of new works, or the alteration or extension of old ones.

The most satisfactory references can be given, if required, of the experience and commercial fairness which characterizes our

ter

dealings. We would respectfully invite Western men to call and see our patterns and works here. MURRAY, BAKER & WALKER, 95-ly Fort Wayne, Indiana,

System For Keeping The

Books and Accounts of Gas Companies. BY W. P. FODELL.

This work is gotten up by W. P. Fovrtt, Secretary and Treasurer of the NoRTHERN Lipertixs Gas Company, Philadelphia, and is a compilation of forms for books and directions for their use, and is intended to present a system that shall be at once plain, orderly and full, from which reports and statements of the conduct of the works of any required nature can be made at any time.

The work will be divided into four parts, each connected with the other, viz :

Pant I —Kelating to the Manufacture of Gas—Superintendent's Department. f

Part 11.—Relating to Registration of Consumers—Registrar's Department.

Parr 1lI.—Relating to Collection of Bills—Receiver's Department. : es

Part, LV.—Relating to Stockholders—Treasurer's and Secretary's Departments.

Any one or more of the books of each department might be used in the infancy of a work, without adopting the whole; or incorporated into a work already in operation.

Builders of gas-works could put this book in the hands of a person of ordinary intelligence, enabling him to keep the history properly. '

'he work will also contain forms for Constitution and By-Laws, rules for transfer of stock and paying of dividends, terms, etc.

The Author has had very considerable experience in, and given much time and attention to the subject.

The subscriptions will be received at the office of the American Gas-Lizht Journal. The price will be $300. When a snflicient number is reccived the work will be published,

A SWNOPSEIS OF British GAs LIGHTING

WinnoweD—The wheat carefully preserved, and the chaffthrown away."

This work will comprise the essence of the London Journal of Gas Lighting, from February i0, 1849, to December 3'. 1567, and afford a succinct resume of the entire English Gas Engineering between these dates.

The excerpts will, as far as possible, be symmetrically arranged under the heads of Coals, Distillation, Purification, Volumetry and Photometry

It is to be executed by James R. Surpperc, Eng'neer San Francisco Gas-Light Company. Subscriptions should be addressed to the offices of the AMERICAN GaAS-LiGHT JOURNAL, 22 Pine-st, New York.

It will be issued only to subscribers.

It will be of great value, not only to Gas Companies and Engineers, but to tho-e who represent the enormous collateral interests of Gas-Lighting—to Chemists, Gas Fitters and Patentees, as well asto scientific men generally,

The work will not be published until 200 subscriptions are re-

Bis 3 i

88 The American Gas-Light Journal...

The

American Gas-Light Journal,

Published on the 2d and 16th of Each Month At No. 22 Pine Street, New York.

M. L. Callender & Co.,

Editors And Proprietors,

Wednesday, September 16, 1868.

WisxinG To MAKE this Journal an organ of in'elligent discuss on to those of our readers who may wish to gain or give information on the subjects to which its columns are devoted, the publishers solicit letters from all among them who make the study of those subjects a pleasure, or a profession.

Subscribers would confer a favor upon us by remitting CHECKS or POST OFEICE MONEY ORDERS, as we are frequent losers where money is enclosed in letters.

Ge" News Acexcy.—The American News Company, 119 and 121 Nassau street, New York, are agents for this Journal. Newsdealers will please send orders to them.

CONTENTS The Turbinate Centrifugal Supply of Gibraltar 85 aS ane neo © Gas Companies and Street On Some of the Constituents Pavements aE ie of Coal Gas .. $2/ Spectra of Fiame 85 Source of Light in Flame §2 The French Submarine Davy On the Distillation of Hy dro-errr 86 carbons... coccese 88 \Safety-valve for Steam Boiler 86 Erie Water-works. cea inbdivdsiin 8&3 |The Magnesium Light 86 Carbon in Iron... 83 'Gas Explosion in the United @ New York Society of Practi- Dintes BEIM... 0.0.0. 0000%0 86 cal Engineering. 84 Interesting Electrical Experi- On Monochromatic Light. Ont SNS. Cnccauche Lonnend 86 A New Motive Power 84 Notes for Machinists 86 Corre&~PONDENCE— Patent Cinims 86 Taxes on Small Gasworks. 85 |Metropolitan Drinking Foun- The Convention ... & tain Association 6 Smedberg's Synopsis of Gas- Answers to Correspondents.. $8 a 85 Eprroriars—

Fodeli's System of Bookee EE 85 Generat SummMary— Smedberg's Synopsis of Gas

New Method of Lightiug Street Lamps... $8

The Board of Health and the Metropolitan Gas Co. 88

Lighting. . . 85) Taxes on Swall Gas Works 8% Exhibition of the Maryland Editorial Items, 88 ee § The Lycoming Gas and

New Facili ies for Shipping Anthracite Coai ... e Sewerage and Water

Water Co 's New Main.. 89 5 \Collinson's Pat, Grate Bar.. 96 |Horizontal Engine

Dp

Answers to Correspondents.

"Ovr Wesr" has been received and will appear in our next.

G. H. F., Ind.—Desires to learn where " Scholl's Platinum Gas Light Perfectors" s0 do we.

M.S., N. ¥.—Oxide of chronium is the best substance for polishing steel. 'fhe article is easily prepared by heating to redness the bi-chromate of potash, The neutral chromate of potash is furmed while one equivalent of chromic acid is converted to chromic oxide, which is easily separated.

Tyro, N. ¥Y.—Coke is the charcoal obtained by heating coal with the imperfect access of air, or by its distillation, The former is usually called oven-coke ; the latter gas coke, being abundantly produced in gas works. "Choke-damp" is a term applied by welldiggers and miners to carbonic acid gas.

may be obtained, and

H. L. C., Phil —For welding iron and steel a composition has lately been patented in Belgium, consisting of iron filings 1,000 parts; borax 500; balsam of copavi or some other resinous oil 50, sal ammoniac 75. They are mixed, heated and pulverized. The process of uniting the iron and steel is as usual, The parts are heated to a cherry red, covered with the preparation, brought together, again heated and welded.

W. A. B., N. C.—Copper and iron may be smelted together

in almost all proportions, but it appears very

doubt ful whether any homogenous alloys can be produced. A small quantity of iron added to bronze or brass causes a considerable increase in tenacity.

Malleable iron or steel containing copper to the extent

of 1.45 or 0.5 per cent. shows symptoms of red

shortness, which become decided with a larger quan. tity.

New Method For Lighting The Street Lamps Of Cities.

We learn that through the energy of Mr. Bartlett, the well-known sewing machine man of Broadway, that the London method of lighting our street lamps is being introduced in New York. The lamps on Madison Square are being lit after that method, and we doubt not that we shall soon see the same applied to all the street Jamps in the city. The simplicity and ease with which the lighting is effected are its great recommendations. There is no need for the lamplighter to ascend the lamp-post, thereby dispensing with the ladder entirely. carries in his hand an improved torch, which consists of a peculiar lamp inside of a tube fastened to a pole, which is thrust up into the lamp, the gas is turned on, and the flame immediately springs up. The turning on of the gas is effected by attaching a brass arm to the gas-tube, which is turned by the end of the torch as it is put in the lamp. lows the gas to escape when it comes into contact

He simply

takes place. can light lamps twice as fast, and with a great deal more care, than by the old method. Mr. Bartlett studied the process in London, and procured a patent for the United States, which he now holds We

With this simple contrivance a man

trust soon to see this method introduced into all our

great cities, THE BOARD OF HEALTH AND THE MET- ROPOLITAN GAS-LIGHT Co.

At meeting of the Boardof Health of this city, held on the 16th inst., Prof. Chandler, the anylitical chemist of the Board, reported with reference to the length of time, in his opinion, neces sary to enable the Metropolitan Gas-Light Co. to complete the experiments which they propose to make for the improvement of the method of purifying gas. 1 That the officers of the Gas Company honestly intend to make a comprehensive series of experiments to determine how the gas can be completely purified, without causing annoyance to the public. 2, That important changes are now being made at the works, which makes this an unfavorable time for changing the method of purification. 3. That it would undoubtedly subject the officers of the Company to great inconvenience to be obliged to change their purifying process at once, without the opportunity to experiment. 4. That the nuisance of the present process is not a constant nuisance, but one which is experienced occasionally, when the purifiers are opened and the wind and weather permit the dissemination of the disagreeable odors through the city. It is not, therefore, a nuisance which must be checked at once to save life 5. That a peremptory order of the Board might place the city, between Thirty-fourth and Seventyninth streets, in darkness and thereby create a nuisance, which would be more keenly felt than that of the "dry-lime refuse." The Professor therefore recommended that a delay until March 1, 1869, be allowed the Company to complete their experiments.

The Board accepted the report, but limited the Company to December 1 next to finish the various tests, and abate the nuisance.

——— ee TAXES ON SMALL GAS-WORES.

We have received, in answer to the request of a correspondent in our last, asking for co-operation in removing the excessive and unjust tax on small gas companies, a communication from H. F. Coggshall, Esq., of the Fitchburg (Mass.) Gas Light Comy any, which will be found in another column, accompanied with two circulars and a copy of a petition sent

to Congress, which will demonstrate what has been done to accomplish the object mentioned. Mr. Coggshall, in the letter adverted to, states

that the movement failed on account of the want of

combined action. Now, there is no good reason why a failure should occur in this particular instance ; every small company should consult its own

interest, and come forward en masse in support of

the projectors of this movement, and we are certain

that, should they do so, the removal of the tax can

This albe

obtained.

Any communications upon this subject which small companies and others interested in this matter may choose to favor us with, we will be happy to receive.

i ed EDITORIAL ITEMS. Notice.—Arrangements have been made to furnish to any one desiring them, any or all the books

comprised in '' Fodell's Book-keeping for Gas Com-

4 " " : : . panies, with the flame inside of the torch tube, and ignition

before the publication of the treatise The books will be ruled and printed ready for use, accompanied with directions. Application for the same may be made at this office.

Gas 1n Port Cusster, N. Y.—The citizens of this place have had the pleasure of seeing the welcome rays thrown from the gas-lamps, illuminating the thoroughfare, and presenting an agreeable contrast with the past. A portion of Main-street was lighted for the first time on Saturday the 12 ult. The good people expressed their appreciation of the new state of affairs, and " there is rejoicing in the land."

DeatH or A Cuemist.—A dispatch announces that the well-known and eminent chemist, Schon- BEIN, has just died at Baden. He was 69 years of

age, having been born at Mitzingen, in Wur'em-burg

, in 1799. His rame is famous as the inventor of ozone and of gun-cotton,

We have received a copy of a catalogue entitled the Manufacturers', Commission Houses', and Importers' Catalogue," embracing advertisements of the principal manufacturers and importers in the States. This catalogue is intended for heavy wholesale buy-

/ers only. Among the advertisers we notice: Jos.

Nason & Co, N. Y.; H. R. Worthington, N. Y.; Morris, Tasker & Co., Phila. and N. Y.; John Ashercft, N. ¥., Hoy, Kennedy & Co, N. Y., anda

number of others.

[3 We direct the attention of our readers to the advertisement of the Union Gas Meter Works, on page 94, conducted by Messrs. Joseph Lennig & Co., where every descmption of gas apparatus and articles appertaining to gas works are manufactured. This firm having had long practical experience in this branch of business, is a guarantee that all orders entrusted to them will be executed in a workmaulike manner and give satisfaction.

ExectricaL Lamp-LichTtErR.—Messrs. Frank and E. E. Bean, of Boston, Mass., have on exhibition at No. 7 Doane-street in that city, a new invention for lighting the street lamps by electricity, which lets on and shuts off the gas, and at the same time does the lighting. With this small machine attached to the street lights and connected with the wires to the City Hall, one man can turn on the gas and light up the whole city in a 'ew moments, An article descriptive of this inveuuon was published on page 370, volume nine, of this Journal, under the caption " Lamplighters Superseded," ,

Tue Po.yrecunic Institute, Brooxityn. — The thirteenth annual catalogue of the officers and students of the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic

mm han ae OA

Institute has been Jaid on our table. This institution was incorporated in April, 1854, and first opened for students in September, 1855, Its object, as stated in the pamphlet, is to afford to the youth of that city and others who may choose it as a place of study, the requisite facilities for a thorough edu cation, adapted to their destined pursuits. A large and commodious edifice, erected for its use, is provided with all necessary means for the comfort and health of ics pupils. The library connected with the Institute numbers nearly three thousand volumes, and is steadily increasing.

Tue Vatitry Coat Company.—We learn from the Ironton Republican that the personal property of this company was sold by the Sheriff on the 27th July, under an execution in favor of the holders of the unpaid coupons on their bonded debt. It was purchased for a song in the interest of the bondholders, of which the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company is the principal one. This foreshadows the destiny of this Company's property. Its real estate, comprising about 1,000 acres in Newport township, with its extensive and valuable improvements, were to be sold on the 16th ult. on a writ in favor of H. B. Wright and other trustees for the bondholders, which will wipe out all the stock, and the Valley Coal Company, with its thousand acres, will fall into the hands of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company.

Mercantite Lisrary.—The forty-ninth annual report of this institution has been placed before us, and from a cursory glance at its contents, we take pleasure in congratulating its members upon the prosperous condition of the association. It has attained a position of usefulness and prosperity which must surprise its early supporters, and is increasing year by year, which will place it in the front rank of the libraries on this continent in the number and value of its volumes, and the influence it exerts in this great centre of commerce, In 1862 there were 4,085 active members and 65,751 volumes, and to day, after a lapse of but five years, they have 10,- 718 active members, and 95,673 volumes. The reading rooms present to the young a pleasant home in winter and in summer, where their evenings can be spent in consulting with the great minds of the past and present, laying up in youth a store of knowledge more to be desired than gold.

Tae Sourn American Eartaquake.—The recent appalling news from South America, of the terrible loss ot lite and property by an earthquake the effect of which was felt thousands of miles distant from the place of its first demonstration, goes to show the utter insignificance of man when the Supreme power isat work. Twenty cities and over thirty thousand souls blotted out one afternoon last month in less time than it takes to relate the dreadful fact! How small and contemptible do the calculations, changes and convulsions of human goveruwent appear in the presence of those mysterious agencies that lie beneath the earth's surface! The late convulsions of nature at St. Thomas, Alaska and the Sandwich Islands pale before the terrors of this South American calamity. It must be classed among the mest direful visitations ever experienced in the world.

These occurrences, however, are not confined to any particular quarter of the globe. The great earthquakes of Lisbon and Naples, in Europe; the earthquakes which have visited New Madrid and the Mississippi Valley, in 1811, and the numerous and destructive earthquakes which have taken place in Asia and Africa, show that there is scarcely a point on this "ant hill of ours" which may claim immunity from these frightful visitations.

The American Gas-Light Journal.

THE LYCOMING GAS AND WATER com- PANY'S NEW MAIN.

A subscribers sends us the following interesting particulars, taken from the Lycoming Gazette, of Williamsport, Pa, of the laying of a new water main for the Lycoming Gas and Water Company, which will be interesting to a large number of the readers of the Journal:

" There is now being laid across the Susquehanna river, at the upper part of our city, a large size castiron water main for the Lycoming Gas and Water Company, which is intended for supplying the upper part of our growing city ; the operation of laying this pipe is really very interesting and wonderful, showing how science can be made to assist mechanics. The pipes they are laying weigh about three-quarters of a ton each, the pipes are lowered into the water and then connected by the submarine diver, Mr. Joseph C. Atwood, and hisassistant, Mr. James Hughes, who appear to suffer no inconvenience, and who are able to work under the water (which is from seven to twelve feet in depth), as those who are assisting them on the scows above. The joint they are using is known as the Robbins patent joint, and is made of lead, and cast into the bell of each pipe, (that, however, is done at the foundry), in which there is a groove which holds the lead and prevents it being forced out by the pressure of the spigot end of the pipe. The pipes are forced together with a hydraulic jack, the one now used being ot thirty tons power, with this style of joint it only takes about twenty minutes to put together a pipe after it reaches the bottom of the river. Considerable numbers of our citizens, including those connected with the water and gas companies of this city, visited the scows where the pipes are being laid, and have expressed themselves as being entirely satisfied with the advantages and economy of this kind of joint over the ordinary lead joint; particularly as it can be laid in the water at any depth, and that too at a much less cost compared with any other mode of laying pipe. We are indebted to Mr. John P. Townsend, of New York, and Mr. Robt. OC. Hicks, of Philadelphia, who have been entrusted by the West Jersey Foundry Company, of Camden, New Jersey, with this important undertaking. The pipes were all made by the New Jersey Foundry Co., who also contracted for the laying of them through the river. They are the owners of the right to make and sell the Rubbins patent joint. Thisundertaking having been so very successful, (it being the first time that pipe has been put together under the water this way of this size), we have no doubt but that the West Jersey Foundry will find it difficult to execute orders for this kind of work.

LACLEDE FIRE BRICK AND CLAY RETORT WORKS. CHELTENHAM, ST. LOUIS CO., MO.

Hambleton & Green,

PROPRIETORS, Office, No. 1007, North Levee, St. Louis,

A Practical Treatise Of The

Manufacture and Distribution of

Coal Gas,

Its introduction and Progressive Improvement, Illustrated by Engravings from Working Drawings, With General Estimates by

SAMUEL CLEGG, Jr.

LONDON: Trubner & Co., 60 Paternoster Row. D..VAN NOSTRAND, 192 Broadway, New York.

A Rare Opportunity for Investment, O AN INDIVIDUAL WHO CAN COMMAND $15,000 an opportunity will be afforded to take a position as Superintendent, with the entire control of the affairs of a company

manufacturing an article of universal use and unlimited sale, upon which a profit of 100 per cent. canbe made, The salary can

be made +¢5,000 when the business is fairly started. The best of referen ces required and given. Apply to the EDITORS of this Journal for particulars,

OREGON I 738, 740, 742 and 744, Greenwich Street; New York.

CASTINGS FOR GSAS WOoREES OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, INCLUDING Purifiers, Exhausters, Compensators, Self-

Acting Valves, Branches, Bends, ke.

Floyd's Patent Adjustable Main.

FOR BENCHES OF 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 RETORTS.

By the removal of the front plate only the Main can be adopted The Patent Main It offers great

to Settings of any number of Retorts desired. can be applied to the ordinary D shaped Mafn. facilities for cleaning, and is not liable to stoppage.

FLOYD'S PATENT Malleable fron Retort Lid. SABATTON'S PATENT Furnace Door and Frame.

Rerers To—J. A. Sabattan, Esq., Engineer Manhattan Gas Co— Col. A J. White, Metropolitan Gas Co.—C. C. Mowten, Engineer New-York Gas-light Co.—J. Mowten Saunders, Engineer Baltimore Gas Co.—John T. Harrison, Engineer Savannah Gas Co.

36] HERRING & FLOYD, Proprietors SILAS C, HERRING, JAMES R, FLOYD To Gas Companies. MANAGER OF SIX YEARS' EXPERIENCE desires a Situation with some Gas Company of moderate size. He is a practical Gas-fitter, and familiar with accounts.

take state of Meter, lay or repair street Address R. Horton,

Would make gas and mains, &c., if necessary, for a small works. care American Gas-Light Journal.

Premium Gas Stov Es,

New, Cheap, Clean, Simple, and Healthful.

No odor, no dirt, no soot, no ashes, no coal box, no punching and renewing fires.

The Cambridge Gas Stove.

This truly scientific invention received the premium at the State Fair at St. Louis, and is being introduced at the West, and also in the New England States with great success. Certificates of its excellence and superiority from some of our most scientific and influential men have been voluntarily given, and will be fur.ished upon application,

These stoves may be seen in operation at Messrs. Bliss & Co., 95 Bleecker street, or at No. 22 Pine street, Room 10, where information may be obtained.

90 The American Gas-Light Journal.

Saving i in 1 Leakage, 'Saving it

in "Labor, Saving i in dueniid

The Most Perfect Connection For Street Maens,

Robbins' Pa

Manufactured By

Great Western

Newport, Ky.,—T. G. Gaylord & Co., WEST JERSEY FOUNDRY,

Camden Rolling Mill Co., Proprietors—Jno. W. Middleton, Agent, Phila., Pa.

ek ree int ne ie in

PIPE FOUNDRY, Proprietors, Cincinnati, O.

Extracts From Testimonials.

These pipes can be laid with much greater facility than the common joint, are tighter when laid, and more secure against any disturbance of the joint by action of time or other causes.

In my judgement, the Robbins Joint is superior to any mode yet presented for connecting gas mains. H. J. MILLER,

Cincinnati Gas Company.

After using it extensively, and testing it thoroughly, I am fully persuaded that, as a connection for street mains, the " Robbins Joint" has no 'equi al.

Its superiority consists of facility in laying, economy in timeand lead, and, above all, its perfection as a Jolnt, thus saving largely in leakage. H. STACEY, Superintendent Indianapolis Gas Co.

We are entirely satisfied with the " Robbins' Patent Joint " for connecting our street mains. R. SALTER, Superintendent, Covington Gas Company.

As there is always a large difference between the quantity of gas made at the works,

which the Company receives pay, any improvement owners of Gas Works.

Allthe pipe laid have been tested by hydraulic pressure, and carefully put down, mostly, with the Robbins Patent Joint. Experiment has fully demonstrated that said joint is entirely reliable, infinitely superior, and more economical than any other we have seen.—Annual Report of Sup't Cincinnati Water Works.

The experiment of laying the first Jot of patent pipe has been concluded to my satisfaction. Your pipe layer laid 1200 feet in ten hours, notwithstanding numerous obstructions, such as rain, mud and water in the trenches. curves and crossings at intersections. E. W. BAILEY, Sup't Evansville Gas Company.

The quantity of Gas saved by using Robbins' Joint for street

mains is of the utmost importance to gas companies. R. T. COVERDALE, Gas Engineer.

and the quantity for that will reduce that loss must " be very important to

We claim this desideratum for the ROBBINS' JOINT."

The Manufacturers will contract with Water and Gas Companies to lay the Pipe in the trench, even under

water, and guarantee the Joint t to be absolutely light.

Bird, Perkins & Job, Coal For Gas, Steam And Iron

Manufactures.

Agents for the sale of the Westmoreland Coal Company's celebrated

Gas Coat,

and the Consolidation Coal Company's "Ocean Mine"

Cumberiand Coal.

Particular attention given to the charter of vessels at the lowest freights. India Wuarr, Boston.

McHENRY & GARSON,

CINCINNATI, OHIO, Wholesale Dealers in Gas Fixtures, Gas & Steam Fittings, WROUGHT & CAST-IRON PIPE, Gas and Steam Cocks, Valves, Etc.

Wet and Dry Gas Meters.

Also a Full Assortment of

Plumbers' Materials.

GAS COMPANIES and dealers supplied with anything in the Gas, Steam or Plumbing lines at the lowest trade rates.

SEND FOR PRICE LISTS. _aed 196-6m

Health And 'Economy.

PATENT LEAD-INCASED TIN PIPE COSTS LESS THAN LEAD PIPE AND IS MUCH STRONGER.

INDORSED BY PHYSICIANS AND WATER COMMISSIONERS EVERYWHERE. )/ Recent improvements enable us to supply

this pipe ata less price per foot than common lead pipe. To furnish the cost we should know ZY the head or pressure of water and bore of pipe.

Pamphlets sent free. Address the

COLWELLS, SHAW & WILLARD M'FG CO., 184) Foot of West Twenty-seventh st., New York.

T. B. Bynner,

Mporter And Dealer In Watches And

JEWELRY, Agent for the AMERICAN WATCH. Also every variety of Swiss and English watches, AT THE LOWEST MARKET PRICES.

189 Broapway, New-York. opposite John Street. (2-35

B. s BENSON,

Manufacturer Of

Cast Iron Pipes And Fittings

For

Gas And Water Mains.

All sizes from 8 to 30 inch cast vertically in 1244 feet lengths, Office and Factory 52 East Monument street. BALTIMORE MD. [184

Edw'd Van Orden & Co.,

Manufacturers of Fire and Water-proof

Plastic Slate Roofing Materials,

ROOFING TOOLS, &C. Office 41 Liberty-st.

Edw'd Van Orden. N EW York Jas, E. Dunn. aN °

MILLS CONVENIENT FOR + sat salad sh

€Ro BE. Ga HE A Wo

Dealer In All Kinds Of

India Rubber Goods

Wulecanized Machine Belting, Conducting, Hydrant, and Engine Hose,

Gum Steam Packing,

Amidon's Improved Clothes Wringer, And all kinds of Useful and Fancy Rubber and Vulcanite Goods, No. 201 Broadway, Middle of the Block between NE W Y¢ RK,

Fulton and Dey Streets, WILLIAM S. CARR & CO., Succesor to Sawyer & Co., SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF

Carr's Patent Water Closets, URINAL VALVES, &c.

Also Manufacturers and Dealers in PLUMBING MATERIALS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, Plumbers' Brass Works, Earthen Ware, Pumps, Iron Drain Pipes, Traps and Sinks, Copper Bath Tubs, Showers, &c., &c OFFICE AND MANUFACTORY 149, 151, 158, 1455, 157 Centre Street, cor. Canal, NiW YORK.

Illustrated Gatalogue and Price List sent on application.

. S. Phillips, Mining Engineer, Etgc,,

Wapswortn Hovsr, San Francisco, Having had 83 years experience in the various departments of Mining, Engineering and Metallurgy, in Cornwall and America, solicits orders for the examination of Mineral properties throughout North and South America. Minerals assayed and analyzed; instructions given for working refractory ores.

Ge" Referencetothe AM. GAS-LIGHT JOURNAL. (208

James Hoy, Jno, P. Kennedy, Wm. E, Hoy,

HOY, KENNEDY & CO., Engineers and Contractors FOR THE ERECTION OF GSAS WOoRES, Extensions, and Improvements, are prepared to supply GAS-LIGHT COMPANIES With all the materials used by them. [77-t No. aad Liberty street, New York.

John P. Nessle, James A, Taylor,

Nessle & Taylor,

Manufacturing Enamelers

IRON AND OTHER METALS. 97 Water stree ts Brookly m. BTR, dahsod

JOSEPH NASON & co., No. 61 Beekman street, corner of Gold, NEW YORK,

Manufacturers of WROUGHT IRON PIPES and Fittings for Steam, Gas and Water, Boiler Flues, Steam Boilers, Coils, Heaters, Evaporators, Pumps, Ventilating Machinery, and Apparatus for Warming Building rs by

Steam and Hot Water.

OIL TUBING, CAST IRON DRIVING PIPE, Boring Tools, Oil Pumps, Sand Pumps, Stuffing Box-es

, Tungs, Clamps, Swivels, Joints, &¢, 131

J. H. Tiemann. Analytical Chemist,

Metallurgist & Mining ¢nqieer.

Ge GOLD AND SILVER BOUGHT. 240 PEARL ST. Cor. BURLING SLIP, N. Y. tf

Chas. Howdon Smith, Broker In Mining Stocks And Other Securities,

No. 51-2 Pinn Srreer, ROOM NO. 5, NEW YORK. THOS. CASSIDY & CO.,

LRON, COPPER. BRASS, LEAD, SPELTER, &c.

Corner of Bridge and John Streets, BROOKLYN.

(2 N. B.—The highest cash price paid for the above named articles. T. CASSIDY, 57-80

J. Pearce,

The Cameron Coal Co.,

MINES LOCATED AT Cameron, Cameron county, Pa.

New York Office, 42 Broadway.

S. L. SIMPSON, President. DIRECTORS: Paul Spofford Wn. A Sale,

8. L. Simpson, J.J. Crane, Richard Warren,

Lawrence Myers, Samuel N. Pike, John L. Rutgers.

The Company are prepared to fill orders at the lowest possible prices for their Coal, which BY ACTUAL TESTS PROVES TO BE EQUAL To ANY OTHER BITUMINOUS COAL MINED For GAS PURPOSES, and is equal to any in use for Locomotives and steam purposes generally.

Fletcher Westray,

Manhatlan

Fire Brick & Enamelled Clay Retort Works, '

f

New

The American Gas-Light Journal. Newyork

Fire Brick and Clay Retort Works ("Established in 1845. 29

J. H. Gautier & Co, Jersey City Fire Brick Works

Manufacturers Of Clay Gas Retorts,

Maurer & Weber,

(Of the late firm of B. Kreischer & Co.) PROPRIETORS.

Office & Works in 15th street, Avenue C,

Manufacturers Of

Fire Brick and Tiles,

(Branch Works at Kreischerville, Staten Island.) B. KRISH ER,

Office 56 Goerck St, cor. Delancey, New York. |Gas Retoats, Tites and Frre-Brick of all shapes and sizes.

Fire Mortar, Cray, and 'Sanp. Articles of every description made to order at the shortest notice.

Tiles, Blocks, and Fire Bricks, tC" WORKING DRAWINGS

OF SETTINGS FOR BENCHES OF THREE, FIVE AND SIX RETORTS FURNI:HED FREE TO ANY GAS COMPANY.

Greene, Essex and Bergen-sts., Morris Canal Basin, Jersey City, ' J New Jersey. (208tf

Philadelphia Fire Brick Works,

B. Kreischer.

OF ALL SHAPES & SIZES, Fire Mortar, Clay and Sand.

(Articles of every description made to order, at short notice, (135 HY. MAURER. ADAM WEBER.

Joseph K, Brick,

Vandyke Street,

Patent Dry Centre Valve.

e os TS

N N

Ny

CEO ES an

Ve geile

Wml Lh

Loe Sss

Taldltls A

y YD

Y LITT ASSESS SS TT iY

Z VD ccccCrxcxzcZZZZZzZVN

S

RSs Ve

The American Meter Company invite the attention of Gas Engineers

and Gas Light Companies to the PATENT DRY CENTRE VALVE, which is very superior to the Hypravutic Centre Valve, and much more durable, besides It has been suc:

being less expensive, and not likely to leak or get out of order. cessfully introduced at the following Gas Works, where reference may be had of its satisfactory performance :

Detroit, Mich 16 inch. '

Louisville, Ky 6inch.

Philadelphia, Pa 12 ' Covington, Ky 6 " Patterson, N. J 12 " Zanesville, Ohio 6 " Pittebarg, Pa 10 " Indianapolis, Ind 6 " Cleveland, Ohio 8 " St. Joseph, Mo 4 " Bloomington, Ill 8 " Maysville, Ky 4 " Meadville, Pa 6 " BET, SEOs exept M

Having the Patterns complete for each size, from four inches to sixteen inches we are prepared to furnish them at short notice.

American Meter Company,

512 West 22d Street, New York. 22d and Arch Street, Phil'a, 78+£ 23 West Street, Boston.

Prince'S Metallic Paint.

An Indestructible Coating For

rIROwW, TiN, and WwWoound.

It consists of seventy-two parts Oxide of Iron, and twenty-eight parts Cement Lime Stone in the one hundred pounds.

It has much more body than red or white lead. It is warranted perfectly water and fire-proof and to withstand a greater heat on metals, without scaling, than any other paint in use.

It is a perfect cover for all kinds of iron, tin, or wood-work, out-houses, and canvas coverings. It prevents and arrests the corrosion of metals, and is not affected by the action of salt, gases, acids or ammonia.

It hardens under water, as has been fully demonstrated by its application to gas-holders, by many of the largest gas companies in the United States; which companies having thoroughly tested its properties as herein claimed, pronounce in its favor over any other paints in the market, even though said at double its price.

As a coating for patterns of iron or wood, when mixed with shellac, itis much superior tu becswax, oil, or shellac alone, as has been proven at the large founderies in the country.

For patching boilers and making joints, it is considered superior to red lead, or any other preparation.

For cleaning metals it takes the place of crocus, ouge, and emery, being better and cheaper.

This Paint requires no more oil than dry lead or zinc, and much less than the ordinary mineral

ants. It is free from any waste, and possesses a spreading and covering power unequaled.

Terms, by the Barrel or Half Barrel, Five Cents per Pound.

A liberal discount made to parties purchasing by the ton.

A Barrel or Ton will be forwarded to any gas companies desirous of testing its qualities, for which there will be no charge if it does not give entire satisfaction as being the cheapest and most durable of all other Paints in the market.

Also, Prince's Imperial Black Paint, and Prince's Protoxide of Iron.

DANIEL SLOAN & CO, General Agents? 115 Liperty Srreet, New York.

J.K. BRICK & Go, BROOKLYN CLAY RETORT AND FIRE BRICK WORKS,

Corner of Vine and Twenty Third sts., Philadelphia,

John Newkume

Manufacturer of all kinds of Fire-Brick, GAs-Hovse TILEs, to Clay Retorts and Dentist

£Dward D, White,

'

suit all the different plans in use.

Muffles. Orders filled at short notice,

Brooklyn, N. Y.

John L. Ciieesman,

Manufacturer Of

Patent Conically Slotted Solid Wood Trays.

{@s™ The advantages of these Trays over those made of iron,

200 per cent cheaper than iron, and will last twice as long), a greatly increased purifying surface

, and a saving of time and

and labor in removing the lime, adhere to the smooth surface of the Wood Trays, as is the case with the iron. JOHN L, CHEESMAN, 147 and 149 Avenue C., New York.

as it does not

Smith & Sayre Manufacturing Company. The Mackenzie Patent Gas Exhauster, AND PATENT COMPENSATOR.

Sis PAT ee smite SO HAVEn 124°F

They are made to pass from 4,000 to 150,000 cubic feet of gas per hour; will increase the produce tion and illuminating power of the gas, and add very much to the durability of the retorts, eitheclay or iron. The Compensator obviates entirely the necessity of water-joints, is compact, du able cleanly, not liable to get out of order, self-acting, quiet, and certain in its operation,

We are also sole proprietors and manufacturers of the

MACKENZIE PATENT BLOWER, PATENT CUPOLA AND SMELTING FURNACE. The Blower is a Force Blast machine, durably built, and can be driven with one-third the power

required to drive the ordinary Fan. The Cupolas are manufactured in sizes to melt from 1 ton to 20 ons per hour, will save one quarter of the time required by the old style Cupola, and 33 per cent.

fuel. Address / B. KREISCHER,, Prest. JAS. SAYRE, Treas,

CHAS, W. ISBELL, See'y Office, 95 Liberty street, New York,

— seustiiaiieadtin adiiimasant

Eo. Stacey. Henry Ranshaw. Wm, Stacey,

Geo. Stacey & Co.,

Manufacturers Of

GASOMETERS, Wrought Iron Roofs. And all kinds of Wrought Iron Work used in the erection of

Gas and Coal 0: Works, Wrought Iron Bridges for

Railroads and other purposes, Wrought Iron

Joists and Girders for Buildings, Bridge Bolts, Jails, and Celis, Etc. Manufactory, Ramsay street, opposite 0. & M. R. R. Depot, CINCINNATI, O. REFER TO: Cincinnati Gaslight Company Springfield, Ill, Gas Company. Cleveland, 0., Gas Company. Baton Rouge, La., Gas Co. Davenport, Iowa, Gas Co. Indiana; olis Gas Company. Nashville. Tenn., Gas Co, Dayton, O., Gaslight Com; any. Madison, Ind., Gas Company. Lafayette, Ind., Gas Company. R. T. Coverdale, Engr., Cin. Roofs covered with either Corrugated Sheet Iron or Slate. ly

P. P. Deily,

39 Laurel Street, Phila., Pa.

BUILDER OF GAS WORKS GAS-HOLDERS, COKE BARROWS, COAL WAGONS, IRON-TRESTLE ROOFING, AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF WORK NECESSARY FOR GAS OR WATER WORKS. Particular attention paid to the Extension of Works, and repairs

to Gas-holders, Purifiers, & Also Builder of Boilers, Oi! Tanks, Oil Stills, Water Tanks, &c.

2" TERMS REASONABLE ged

Rerers To M. II Jones, Easton Gas Co., Penn.

Franklin Wociman, Hurlington Gas Co., N. J. . W. Goodwin, Camden Gas 'o., N. J.

Benjamin Acton, Salem Gas Co., N. J.

Dr, Marcy, Cape Island Gas Co., N. J.

W. F. Warner, Owego Gas Co., N. Y.

E. Wilcox, Joliet Gas Co., IIL

Messrs. Woodbury, Walter & Potter, Kalamazoo Gas Co., Michigan.

H. H. Fish, Utica Gas Co., N. Y.

W. J. Bali, Verre Haute, Indiana. (196-lyr.

ASHOROFT'S Patent Low-Water Detector, FOR PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OR Burning cut of Steam Boilers, More than 7,000 of these Instruments now in use. PRICE, $50.

The Detector insures your boiler against burning out or exploding, and against the collapsing of flues, which is caused by low

2050 i eae New-York. BAY STATE FIRE BRICK

Clay Retort Works. Chelsea, Mass. Davis & Chaddock,

MANUFACTURERS, Office Nos. 125 and 127 Water-st., Boston.

Also agents for the sale of J.K. BRICK & Co's, Clay Retorts, Fire-Brick, Gas-House tile, ete. 66tf

i FMOVAL. THE

EMPIRE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY HAVE REMOVED TO THSIQ NEW STORE, 294 BOWERY, Bet. HOUSTON & BLEECKEK-Sts. Their new Factory is now in full operation which will enable them to fill all orders promptly. Their improved No. 2 and No. 8 Machines for Family and Manufacturing purposes are not only equal but superior to any other machine in market.

Empire Sewing Machine Co., 294 Bowery, New-York. (206

AVIS' PATENT SAFETY Steam Superheating Boiler,

Requires only 25 tbs. of coal per day er ee peer. Are made of the c SEST IRON, doub double riveted. ee a Being upright, occupy little space, and are easily cleaned. Without additional fuel, the Superheater increases the working capacity of the steam 25 per cent., which has been fully demonstrated by the many now ip use. (See illustrated circulars). Address the DurLex Steam Boiter Mr'c Coyp'xy

Long Island City, N. Y.

The American Ga

Solar Gas 1: Achines.

For Lighting Private Dwellings, Churches, Hotels, and Factories in any locality, and independent of any Gas Company.

We manufacture eight sizes of the SoLar Gas MACHINES, ranging trom ten to five hundred light capacity. Every machine is put in operation and fully tested before it is sent off, and is guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction.

Testimonials,

Sovrnporo', March 29, 1867. Messrs. 0. P. Drake & Co,, Boston:

Gentlemen : I will say that I had your Gas Machine in use about nine months, manufacturing gas for lighting my store. The light is good, clear, and at all times reliable. Its cost is less then half the cost of street gas. AS regards safety, 1 think it very much safer than kerosene lights. Yours respectfully,

WILLIAM C. BARNES, Lake Forest, I.u., Aug. 30, 1867. Cuaas, Matruews, Fsq., Ag't for Drake's Solar Gas Machine, Chicago:

Dear Sir: © © # JT would say that I have had the machine in constant use for the last six months, and am well pleased with it. The light is clear and steady, and the whole

apparatus works to my entire satisfaction. Yours, WM. 8, JOINSTON, Jr.

Price List Of Machines,

Delivered In Boston,

No. 5 a 150 light $1,000 6a 800 light... ... 1.800 7 a 400 light 8.500 " $a 500 light 3,000 40 Gall. Brass Tanks (wood covered), each ee eee. $30 00 Unon Faucets, each. ccccccee ++ seen eseeesccnsesaes 500

Gasoleine at lowest market rates A liberal discount made to the Trade for Cash.

W. Ss. DRAKE, General Agent, No. 18 Dey-st., N. Y¥.

Spanley'S Patent Hydraulic Gas Main.

Whiting's Iron Foundry,

Kemble Street, Boston, Mass., Near the Boston Lead Works. Castings for Gas Works, Street Mains for Gas and Water, Columns for Buildings, and Castings of all kinds made to order. kL. F. WHIETING, Proprietor.

P. 0. Address, Roxbury, Mass. 204-1 yr.

T. F. Rowland.

Continental Works, Greenpoint, Brooklyn, N.Y. NEW YORK OFFICE, 171 BPWAY, ROOM 9.

Engineer, And Manufacturer Of

HUW AER ALA A : Ca TaD ; QE mi NAA a? RAR AN Ht

wily GAIT

1H Hit i Hil hil Mi BUA d

Sss —

Gas-Holders

Condensers, Scrubbers, Purifiers, Retorts, Hydraulic Mains, and all other artic'es connected with the Manufacture and Distribution of Gas, furnished with despatch : Plans and Specifications prepared, and Proposals given for the necessary Plans for Lighting Cities,

Towns, Mansions, and Manufactories.

Arnuld'S

Metallic Gas Trays.

These Trays are made of sheet metal galvanized or tinned ot prevent oxydization. Warranted to wear longer and to be cheaper in the end than any Tray known. They are light, cheap, easily kept clean, anp almost imperishable.

anufac nd soldby T. G. ARNOLD, 191-215.) $34a nd 336 West Twenty-first-st., N. Y.

T. L. GAUSSEN, Late Inspector Cin, Gas Co,

MOORE & GAUSSEN, Plumbers, Gas and Steam Fitters, 221 West Fifth street, CINCINNATI, OuIO.

Between Elm and Plum,

P. J, MOOR sf

Western AGENTS ror Harris & Co,'s PHILADELPHIA GAS-METERS, &o. All Orders Promptly Attended To.

The Despard Coal Company

Offer Their Superior

DESPARD COAL To Gas Light Companies throughout the country. Agents, PAR" ELEE BROTHERS, No. 82 Pine street, N° Y. BANGS & HORTON, No, 81 Doane street, Boston. Mines in Harrison County, West Virginia. Wharves, Locust Point, Company's Office, 29 South street. Among the consumers of Despard Coal, we name: Manhattan Gas Light Company, New York ; Metropolitan Gas Light Company, New York; Jersey City Gas Light ( ompany, N. J.; Washington Gas Light Company ; Portland Gas Light Company, Maine. Keference to them is requested. 204 ly

A Rare Opportunity

To Iron Workers, Tin Men Or Gas-Fitters In Any Of The Great Cities.

The Editors of :his Journal announce that they have made arrangements with the Patentee of the valuable inventions already described in these columns, and known as the Cambridge Gas Furnace, Gas Stove, Gas Oven and Gas Range, to secure their more general use and introduction ; and that they are now author lzed to lease or sell licenses for the manufacture and sale of the same, to responsible persons, on very favorable terms, For circu iarsand information, apply at this office.

Our readers are assured that an opportunity for

t Baltimore,

J profit is herein presented.

The American Gas-Light Journal.

Gas Stoves And Heaters.

Heater No. 3 Heater No. 4,

Parlor Heater.

METROPOLITAN Odorless Gas Heating and Cooking STOVES AND RANGES.

A. L. Bogart's Patent, Nov. 26, 1867.

The only inodorous Gas Heaters made in the world. __Salestoom, 18 Broadway, fourth door above Fourth st., N. Yr

National Foundry

And Pipe Works.

Office and Works—Carroll, Pike, Smaliman and Wilkins Stree s, PITTSBURGH, PA, wm. SMintTtxt,

Manufacturer of all kinds of GAS and WATER PIPE, BRANCHES,

CONNECTIONS, T's, ELBOWS, and ALL CASTINGS USED

At Gas And Water Works,

I off:r special inducements to parties wishing to purchase, my Pipe is Smooth, regular in weights, aud cast vertically.

N. B.—Pipe from 3-inch and upwards. cast in 12-ft. lengths.

("SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICE LIST. ged

'BENNETT, JOHNSON & cO., 42 DEY STREET N Y,, Manufacturers of the

New Patent Bag-Holder And Shingle Bracket,

This Bac-Hoiper is emphatically the Farmers and Grainy Deacers Faien. Does the work of two boys in holding a bag open, and with it a farmer can bag up grain, potatoes apples, ete., as fast as two men in the ordinary way. It has large sales at the West, where first introduced. Ketuail price $5. Sent to any address

. THE SHINGLE BRACKET

Is especially adapted for Builders, house Joiners, Masons, and Carpenters. With it a scaffolding can be built in less time upon a roof and with greater safety, and taken down as quickly, without leaving a single nail hole in the roof. Retail price $6 per dogen. Send for Illustrated circulars as above. Orders filled, at wholesale and retail.

Manufacturers of the

New Steam Cooking Apparatus,

which cooks all vegetables and meats together, without flavoring each other, and does away with all offensive odors. Saves Labor, FUKL AND TIME,

Seeing Is Believing.

One trial will convince any one. Large nuwhers now in use and everybody pleased; sold tow; several sizes—fit any stove—a whole dinner can be cooked on one stove-hole. Orders promptly filled, at wholesale and revail evd for an illustrated circular, with full paruculars. Retail price: 7 in. $4; 3 in, $5; 9 in, $7; 10 in, $10. Sent to any address on receipt of price,

Patent

eavwirs Metal Cop Lamp Ebimney, - First Quality Extra Annoaled Glass

Will not crack or break from sudden changes of temperature, is readily cleaned, and with ordinary care should last just as long as

he lamp on which it is used. Liberal discount allowed to the

rade, Samples seat on receipt of fifty cents. CHAS, H. REICHMANN, Sole Agent,

F. H. Lovell & Co,

Successors to Alfred Bliss & Co.

Manufacturer And Jor- Bers Of

Kerosene

c—

Chandeliers, Bracket,

aND

|Lamp Trimmings

Generally,

Station, Sugar House, Street and Coal Oil Lanterns.

No, 233 Pearl Street, 159-182 NEW YORK.

Mustrated -entalagaes and price lists farnished on application.

Professor HENRY WURTZ,

Formerly Chemical Examiner in the U. 8, Patent Office, may be em loyed professionally as a Screntiric Expext. Geological Examinations and Reports, Analyses and Assays etc. ctc., Practical Advice and Investigations in the CugmicaL Arts and Manvurac-

TorES. Invention and Examination of new chemical methods and oe Address 26 Pine street, rooms 35 and 36. Always in at lp.

r- WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS PREFERRED,

Important To Gold And Sil- Ver Miners And Companies.

Professor What,

Who is the inventor and Patentee of the new and wonderful uses of Sodium in Working Gold and Silver Ores and Jewelers' Sweepings,

Will furnish at the above address information relating thereto together with experimental packages of

Ay 7 TV f . SODIOM AMALGAM TO PARIIES ENGAGED IN MILLING ORES ONLY.

All preparations and instructions elswhere obtained are spurious and unreliable.

ae WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS PREFERRED. Worthington' s Steam Pump,

Extensively used by

Gas-Light Companies,

For sale at greatly reduced prices. Also,a new and highly successful

Pump, driven by water pressure, requiring no attention or

repairs, and the most economical water motor yet constructed. G™ Patent GATES for Water and Steam-stops. 9

Henry R. Wortuington,

Erie B Asin Iron Works

Manufacturers Of

Babcock & Wilcox Patent Variable Cut-off STATIONARY STEAM ENGINES,

These Engines are conceded to be superior tall others in Economy ov. Fue. and REGULARITY oF Motion and in Non-LiaBiLity TO De- RANGEMENT; will save from 26 to 5U per cent, over any kngine in this market,

Flue and Tubular Steam Boilers, Tanks, Oil Stills, Mill Work, Machinery, etc., ete. OFFICE AT THE WORKS ON Elizabeth, Dwight and Van Dyke Sts,, SOUTH BROOKLYN.

Repairs done on Steamers at short notice.

Stanlotis

Hydraulic Gas Main.

William Taylor & Sons,

Columbian Iron Works,

Nos. 11, 13 & 15 Adams Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Manufacturers Of All Kinds Of

Castings, Iron Buildings Store Fronts, Columns, Girders and Beams.

ALSO, Gas Works Castings of all kinds.

Steam Engines, Mill Gearing, Hydraulic Presses for the manuface ture cf Linseed and Cotton Seed Oils, Sugar Mills, Single and Double Action Pumps, also Steam Pumps, Coal Oil Machinery, High and Low Pressure Boilers, Tanks, Kettles, Soap Curbs, &c., MADE AND REPAIRED AT THE SHORTEST NOTICE, Epwin 8. TAYLOR.

Wm. TAyYtor. James A. TAYLOR.

The Aubin Balanced Valve Water Meter,

( Used also for Oils and Liquors) be NOW IN USE BY MANY CITY WATER Companies, because of its Low Prict, .icitry, DURABILITY, ACCURACY UNDER ANY PRessourk, (a great advantage,) because it runs with less head than any other meter used. Manufactured by

and,

HAWLEY, Albany, N.

H. Q. Y.

For Rent Or Sale.

He Property Formerly Occupied By

the BALTIMORE WROUGHT IRON PIPE AND TUBE CO.,

situated in the City of Baltimore, Md., together with the Steam

Power, and Machinery, for manufacturing wrought iron Tubes, etc.

Apply at the Office of

Will be leased or sold on favorable terms.

the GAS-LIGHT COMPANY, of Baltimore.

94 THE AMERICAN GAS-LIGHT JOURNAL. [s}

The American Meter Co.

Organized under the General Manufacturing Laws of the State of New York

SAMUEL DOWN, Presiveyt. HENRY CARTWRIGHT, Vice Presinenr, RICHARD MERRIFIELD, Secretary anp TreasurER TRUSTEES, SAMUEL DOWN, WILLIAM HOPPER, R. H. GRATZ, HENRY CARTWRIGHT, RICHARD MERRIFIELD.

THOMAS C. HOPPER, Superintendent at Philadelphia,

ene SP PPA PPP PPP POPOL PLA"

This Company is now prepared to furnish WET AND DRY GAS METERS, STATION METERS, GOVERNORS, PRESSURE INDICATORS AND REGISTERS, SERVICE and METER COCKS, and all other articles in their line appertaining to the use of Gas-Works, The combination of Mechani:e] and Scientific Ski, and the long experience of the several members of the Company, is a sure guarantee of durability, accuracy

and excellence of workmanship. Orders addressed AMERICAN METER COMPANY,

West Twenty Second Street, New York. Arch and Twenty-Second Streets, Philadelphia. No, 23 West Street, Boston will meet with prompt attention.

Practical Gas Meter Manufacturers, Continue as heretofore at the OLD ESTABLISHMENT, Nos, 1115 and 1117 Cherry Street, Philadelphia,

To manufacture Wet and Dry Gas Meters, Station Meters, Experimental Meters, Meter Provers, Centre Seals, Governors, Pressure Registers, Guages, Indicators, Photometers, and all kind of Gas Apparatus; also furnish all other Articles appertaining to the use of Gas Works.

From our long Practical Experience of the Business (covering a period of 20 years) and from our personal supervision of all Work, we can guarantee all orders to be executed promptly, and in every respect satisfactorily.

J. Westey Harris, Wasnineron Harris, Wa. Watiace Goopwin.

Nos. 1615, 1617 and 1619 Francis Street, above Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia.

As Manufacturers of all kinds of GAS APPARATUS and articles appertaining to the use of GAS WORKS, we are prepared to furnish all orders promptly and satisfactorily, and from our long PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE of the Business would very respectfully solicit the further patronage of our friends, GUARANTEEING our Goods as DURABLE, ACCURATE, and EXCELLENT IN MATERIAL AND

WORKMANSHIP as possibly can be required.

AARON SHAW. JOSEPH LENNIG, Agent. ROBERT JONES, (Of 20 years Mechanical and Practical skill.)

dn A on

The Aubin Balanced" Valve Water Meter,

(Used also for Oils and Liquors)

Is now in use by many City Water Cos , because of its low price,

simplicity, durability, accuracy under any pressure, and (a great

advantage) because it runs with less head than any meter used. Manufactured by H. Q. HAWLEY, Albany, N. Y.

Morris, Tasker & Co, Pascal Iron Works.

Manulacture Wrought Iron Welded Tubes for Gas, Steam or Water; Lap-Welded Boiler Flues, GALVANIZED WrovGut Iron Tusks,

Artesian Well Pipes,

of Wi ought or Cast-Iron, screwed together, flush inside and out; Gas-works Castings, Retorts and Bench Castings for Coal Gasworks, ; Cast-Iron Street Mains, Bends, Branches, Drips, &c.

Gas and Steam Fitters' Tools, &c.

Stephen Morris, Stephen P. M. Tasker. Thomas T. Tasker, Jr. Henry G. Morris, _Ofice and Wareroom, 15 Gold-street, New York,

J. VAUGHAN lieees. W. iH. theme, Joun E, Corr.

Southwark Foundry,

Fifth And Washington Streets, Philadelphia.

MERRICK & SONS, Engineers, MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OF GAS MACHINERY. Retorts, Bench Castings, Condensers, Washers, Scrubbers, Wet

or Dry Lime Purifiers, Coke Wagons, Fire Tools, Wrought Iron Grate Bars, Gas-holders, either Telescopic or Single, with Suspension Frames complete; Wrought Iron Roof-Frames, for Iron or Slate; Stop Cocks, Exhausters, Steam Pumps, Boilers and Tanks, Steam or Hand Air Pumps for proving Street Mains, Centre Seals, Governors, Wrought or Cast-Iron, Line Sieves for Purifiers, Hoisting Machines for Lifting Purifier Covers Address— MERRICK & SONS, Sth and Washington Sts, Philadelphia,

S. FU LION & CO., (Successors to Colwell & Co..)

Manufacturers of

Pia Iron & Cast Iron Gas & Water Piers.

Also, Heavy & Light Castings of every description. Penn Building, 430 Walnut street, between 4th and 5th streets.. SAMUEL FULTON, THEO. TREWENDT.

TO GAS COMPANIES. HE UNDERSIGNED DESIRES TO UNDERtake the supervision of several small gas-works, to visit and examine them as often as may be necessary ; to obtain and inspect their coal, castings, fire-brick, and other materials; and to manage their genera) business in such a manner that they shall be under such supervision as is now attainable in large works, at much increased cost. Also, to advise as general Consulting Engineer and expert in practical chemistry, CHAS. M. CRESSON, Late Asst. Engineer of the Philadelphia Gas-works, 417 Walnut st., Philadelphia.

Geo. H. Kitchen & Co., New Patent

Gas Apparatus

For Country Residences, Public Buildings, &c., FROM S300 LUPWARDS. EVERY DESCRIPTION OF GAS FIXTURES.

Gas Fitting in all its branches 591 Broadway, NEW YORK.

Opposition Line.

To California Via Nicaragua

SAILING EVERY TWENTY DAYS, with Passengers, Freight, and United States Mail on the following first class Steamships: On the Atlantic Ocean.

On the Pacific Ocean.

Santiago De Cuba. America. San Francisco. Moses Taylor. Dakota. Nevada,

PASSAGE AND FREIGHT AT REDUCED RATES, Sailing days from New York 1868,

February 20th, March 10th and 30th, April 20th, May 10th and 30th.

And so on at intervals of twenty days, leaving on the Saturday previous, when a regular sailing day comes oa Sunday. For further information, apply at the Company's office, 177 West-st. corner Warren-st., New York.

D. N. CARRINGTON, Agt.

For Sale Cheap.

T The Gas Works, Washington. D. C.,

a 100,000 feet Holder—with centre post 80 feet diameter, 20

feet deep, and in good condition. For further information, address GEO. A. McILHENNY, Engineer Washington Gas Co. 198-4

The American Gas-Light Journal.

R. D. Wood & C0.,

MANUFACTURERS OF CAST-IRON PIPE, RETORTS, &c, Office, 400 Chestnut Street, PHILADELPHIA,

FINKLE & LYON'S" New Family

Sewing Machine

Should be known in EVERY TOWN.

To accomplish this at once and save the expense of a Travelling Agent, we offer thus, viz:

Any one sending us orders for two machines shall receive one machine free of charge. This proposition cannot avail after we have appointed a local agent in the town,

We have now completed our new manufacture at a

cost of some $200,000—intro 'ucing new patents, and such important improvements, that without fear we are able to offer the following stringent guarantee, viz: After a fair trial, if any purchaser does not prefer the Finkte & Lyon Famiry Sewine Macutne to any other, he can return it and bave back his money.

This machine has taken many of the HIGHEST PRIZES; ts less complicated than any other first class machine ; does a wider range of work without changing ; requires no taking apart to clean or oil, no "lessons" to set needle, regulate tension oroperate machine.

Our new Manufacturing Machine is sold on theJsame

terms as the Family Machine.

Please send for a circular with samples of sewing.

Finkle & Lyon S. M. Co.

No. 531 BRO aDwat, NEW YORK.

Louisville Pipe Wurks,

Dennis Long, Proprietor.

Cast Tron Gas une Water Pipe of All Sizes Always on Mand. F.ecetorts.

Stop-Valves, And All Appurtenances

FOR EITHER GAS OR WATER WORKs.

All Pipe, &e., Made of the Very Latest Pattern

and Improvements, Also Manufacturer of Steamboat, Portable and Stationery STEAM ENGINES. Flour and Saw Mill Machinery—Portable Circular Saw Mills— Shafting, Pulleys, &c., &c, DENNIS LONG, Cor. 9th and Water streets, Louisville, Ky.

T. G. ARNOLD, MANUFACTURER OF GAS-*BURNERS, And Importer of Scorcu Tips, 336 and 388 West 21st street,

formerly No. 447 Broome §&r., New York.

Mercury Cups, Portable Sockets, c., &e.

GEFRORER, Manufacturer of GAS-BURNERS, For Lighting and Heating Purposes. Gas Heatine AND CooKING APPARATUS ; Tus, &c. 529 Commerce st., bet. Market & Arch st., Phila,

ss NEW SYSTEM OF

Ventilation, Henry A. Gouge.

Ge" Pamphlets} ent free. Address Henry A. Gouge, 254 Broadway, New York.

Fitrers' Proving APPARA-

Burner Pillars, Burner Pliers,

EMPIRE LINE + ' r rArT 7 aT FOR SAVANNAH, GEORGIA. Every Saturday, the elegant Side-Wheel Steamships SAN SALVADOR, Commander, Joshua Atkins, and SAN JACINTO, Commander, Winslow Loveland. Every SATURDAY, from pier 13 North River Have been placed on the route to Savannah by the Atlantic Mail Steamship Company of New York, and are intended to be run by them in a mannerto meet the first class requirements of the trade, The cabin accommodations of these ships are not excelled by any Steamers on the coast, and although their carrying

capacity is large, their draught of water enables them to insure passage without detention in the river

San Jacinio, Saturday, Oct. 6 San Salvador, ve " 18 San Jacinto, iii " 2 San Salvador, " OT San Jacinto Saturday, Nov. 3 San Salvador os "3 San Jacinto ' " OF San Salvador, "

Returning, leave Savannah every Saturday at3 o'clock, P. M. Bills of Lading furnished and signed on the Pier. For further particulars, engagement of Freight or passage, app-y to

GARRISON & ALLEN, A; s 5 Bowling Green.

Agent at Savannah, - i, HA R DEE,

NE Ww P. \TENT PL ANOS. RAVEN & BACON.

Warerooms Nos. 644 & 646 Broadway, N Y. Manufacturers of Piano Fortes, with their Patent Combination Sounding-boards,

PATENTED AUGUST 14th, This invention, introduced exclusively into our Pianos, is of the greatest advantage to the tone of the Instrument, jas it affects the sounding-board, the very soul of the Piano, and produces thereby a pure liquid tone greatly superior in quality and power to that of the ordinary Piano. Tne sounding -board released from its connection with the Piano case, and resting upon under soundingboards, is relieved from the rigidity caused by such connection, and its vibratory quality increased. Our Pianos are first class in every respect, and purchasers will have not ouly our own guarantee as to their quality, but also the guarantee of the reputation of the instrument, obtained from the experience of our patrons who have used them for a generation. All lovers of this eminently household instrument, as well as parties proposing to purchasenew Pianos, are invited to call and examine our cssorte ment. 96-pAa

IVES' PATENT LAMPS. The Best and Most Reliable! CHANDELIERS, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, & 12 Lights. BRACKETS, 1, 2, & 8 Lights.

Hanging, Table and Hand Lamps of All Kinds,

(er Can be lighted as quickly as Gas, Filled, Trimmed safely and neatly, without removing the Shade, Globe or Chimney, or unscrewing the burner.

We make a specialty of furnishing ' T T aT SAFE STATIONARY LIGHTS in place of those that are movable and dangerous, and PURE NON-EXPLOSILVE OIL in place of the unsafe adulterated stuff so often used by careless and ignorant persons.

Our new catalogue is just out, with many new

a new list of Reduced Prices.

A discount made to Churches and Clergyman.

Lamps and Oil cheaper than ever !

Since the reduction of Government Tax on oil we sell the pure article 20 per cent. less than before.

Shipped for family use in HERMETICALLY TIGHT barrels to all parts of the country.

Julius Ives & Co.,

49 MARDEN LANE, N. ¥.- Manufacturers and Dealers in

Kerosene Goods Generally.

illustrations, and

203tf jonabindeds RCO! USI Wa PUB we VIBES B.D. BENTON,

Wrought Ikon And Galvanized Tubes

For Steam, Water, or Gas,

MANUFACTORY AND OFFICE, Corner John aud Adams Street, Brooklyn ALSO

96 The American Gas-Ligat Journal.

Collinson's Patent Paragon Furnace Grate Bur.

We present herewith an illustration of a grate bar for furnaces, which is said to possess several peculiarities that mike it superior to every other now in use.

The following are some of its most valuable features:

Ist. Owing to the peculiar nature of admitting the air into the furnace, steam will be more rapidly generated, and more easily kept to the desired pressure.

2d. By the remarkable construction of the air chan

nels in the upper portion of the bar, a transverse circulation is produced, which so regularly diffuses the

air throughout the furnace that little or no clinker is formed, even with the worst qualities of coal; and what little may at times be produced, does not adhere to the surface of the bar.

8rd, The air passing over the bridge below the coal surface, keeps the lower part of the bar comparatively

cool and prevents warping—expansion and contraction being entirely confined to the subdivisions of the upper part of the bar. Thus the heated sections can readily expand over the bridges in the air channels, which are placed below the surface, principally for that purpose. Thie bar can be as easily raked, sliced, or removed, as the old-fashioned straight bar ; and neither will require to be done so often, and can be put into any common furnace without alteration.

4th. It is lighter than the ordinary bar; yet owing to the manner in which it is protected against the action of the heat, itis more durable. It will wear lon. ger in use than any other, thus effecting a saving in the cost of bars. It is also more easily worked, and less liable to get out of order. ;

5th. Owing to the more perfect combustion of the fnel used, produced by the greater quantity of air admitted to the furnace, a considerable saving is effected,

For further information apply to Messrs, Hutchioeon

& Lawrence, 8 Dey street, N. Y., agents.

Horizontal Engine.

The first and most important consideration which presents itself to a person who designs erecting a mill, is the motive power, the successful and profitable working of the whole thing. There are so many opinions on this subject, that it is difficult for any one not thoroughly acquainted with it to determine what he really wants, and he is apt to go for information to some one whose experience

extends over but one mill, and taking his suggestions incorporate them into his inquiries for mills, Such information, though very good perhaps as far as it goes, is necessarily very limited, and does not always prove satisfactory.

There are two points regarding engines for saw mills, no matter how diverse opinions may be on other matters, on which all will agree, and these are simplicity of construction and strength. The fewer parts there are about an engine to get out of order the better. There will be less friction and wear and tear, less oil expended, and less trouble to the engineer. Besides it can be understood by an ordinary man, who will learn to run it more easily and quickly.

It has been the great aim of the inventor to embody this feature in their engines; to divest them of ali su-

Upon this being right depends

perfluous ornament and give greater care and attention to the vital or working parts,

The bed plate is cast solid in one piece, and is formed of large mouldings which so dispose of the iron as to give great stiffness and strength.

The cylinder is made of sterling iron, and has a true and even bore.

The slides on the smaller engines are made of wrought In the larger

iron as shawn in the acco.upanying cut. engines are used a cross head with brass gibs which

can be taken up as they wear away by use.

The connecting rod is of wrought iron, and of good length, and has strap ends with gibs and keys to bring the boxes together.

The pillow blocks are lined with anti-friction metal.

The crank shaft is of wrought iron and large diameter,

The fly wheel is cast solid and turned even and true on its face for a band, which prevents great wear and

slipping of belts.

The heater is so arranged with pipes that if any part is injured it can be repaired very easily ; during the repairing

of which the pump can be so disconnected as to pump directly into the boiler without passing through the theatre.

The feed pump is driven by a band from the main shaft of the engine, and can be run on or off at pleasure.

The governor is either a " Judson" or a " Pickering" make. The reputation of both these governors is well established. It is sufficient to say that they will control the engine under every possible variation of speed.

These engines are manufactured by the Albertson & Douglass Machine Company, New London, Connecticut. Messrs. Hutchinson & Lawrence, 8 Dey street, N. Y. City, are agents,

Advertising Index.

G2 In looking for advertisements, see figures 1 to 9, within brackets, at head of advertisement pages.

Gas-Burners, Apparatus Etc.

Arnold's Metallic Gas Trays—T. G. Arnold, 334 and 336 West 2ist street, N.Y. eoceses American Meter Company, Es) "West 220. street, New York Automatic Gas Purifier—State Rights for sale—Wm. C. Turnbull, care of T C. Babcock, 59 Broadway, or office of the AmenicaN Gas-Liant JOURNAL Builder of Gas Works, Apparatus, Ete. —P. P. Deily, 89 Laurel street, Philadelphia Contractors for Gas- -works, " Kite. —Murray, 'Baker & Walker, Fort Wayne, Ind .. .. . Cambridge Gas Stoves, Ranges, &e. —Gas Light Journal Offices, 3 Gas Coals—Bird, Perkins & Job, 104 Wall street, New York... .. 4 Gas Engineers and + contractors—Hoy, Kennedy & Co., 111 L berty street, New York 3 se "spaeleneaatiben Gefrorer, 529 Commerce street, Philadelphia," Gas Meter Manufacturers—Harris & Bro., 1117 Cherry' street, Philadeipiia, Pa Gas Superintendeat—O, M. Cresson, 417 Walnut st., Phil., Pa.. Gas Apparatus, &c.—Geo. H. Kitchen & Co, 561 troauway.. Gas Burners—Wightman Bros., 25 Kilby st., Boston, Mass Gas Burner-—?. G. Arnold, 224 and 226 West 21st st., N. as Gas Burners—W. Anderson, cor Franklin & Elm sts., N. Y. Gas Works for Sale—Colonel J, A. Sabbaton, Manhattan Gas CGE: Kea cabh . die MAL ees SERES 1050 %5609 con suena Gas Stoves—A. L be " gart, 792 Broadway Gas Fixtures, Meters, Etc., hte,—MecHenry & Carson, Cincin- Pees ee ee TET Gas Fixtures & Chaudelbers Alfred Bliss & Co., 95 Bieecker-st. "9 DR ccas scok , naeaween. 0nb0 1095040 cbebpene Gasometers, Etc—George Stacey & Co. Cincinns uti, 0. Gasoicine,—J. W. Wheelock, 284 Pearl st., New York. Gas-works of London—D. Van*Nostrau', 192 Broadway. Haskins' Gas Stoves—A Bliss & Co , 95 Bleecker-st , N. Y. 8 Plumbers, Gas and Steam Fitters —Moore & Gaussen, 221 West

Da

SBoesocow

Fifth street, Cincinnati, O 0.0scccessss cos seccccccseves 6 Patent Gas Exhauster—"mith & Sayre, 484 Broadway .. 5 Purifying Trays—Jno. L Cheeseman, 147 and 149 Ave. C, N.Y.. 2 Robbins' Patent Joint tor Gas and Water Pipes 4 Solar Gas Machines—W. 8 Drake, 18 D-y street i Stanley's Hydraulic Main, Etc.—L. F. Whiting, Boston ... 6

FOUNDRIES. Brooklyn Tube Works—B T Benton, Brooklyn ... 9

Bergen Iron Works—Driving Pipes 'and Bands—R. A. Brick, 109 Leonard street, N. Y.

Columbian Iron Works—Wm. Taylor & Sons, 11, Adams street, Brooklyn, N. ¥

Cast Iron Pipes and Fiuings—B_ 8. Benson, 52 East Monument street, Baltrmore, Md.. 00 ceeccese cee

Contin: nial Works—T. F. Rowland, Greenpoint ose .

Dealers in Iron, Copper, Brass,ete.—T. Cassidy & Co., corner of Bridge and John streets. Brooklyn. N.

Erie Basin Iron Works—Elizabeth. Dwight and Van Dyke sts..

South Brooklyn. N. ¥ 2,

Louisville vipe Works—Dennis Long, Cor. 9th and Water-sts. Louisville, Ky.

Manufacturing Enamelers—Nessie & Taylor, 97 Water street, SS SS ea

National Foundry and Pipe Works—Wm Smith, Carroll, Pike, Smallman and Wilkins streets, Pittsburgh, Pa +. 7

evesee ccoe ve ON ss

4a ae

Oregon Iron Foundry—Herring & Floyd, 788, 740, 742 and 744 Greenwich street, New York sesececsesess* e-eee 3 Pascal Iron Works—Morris, Taskar & Co., Philadelphia, Pa 9 Southwark Foundry—Merrick & Sous, Fifth and beeen: "gm streets, Philadelphia... .. 9 Wrought Iron Pipes, etc. —Joseph Nason & Co, "6i Beekman street, New York 4

Water Meters, Pumps, Etc.

Ashcroft's Low-water Detector, 50 John street, New York.. 6 Aubin Water Meter—H. Q. Hawley, Albany, N. Y x 9 Babcock & Wilcox's Stationary Steam Kngines Davis' Steam Sup-cheating a Steam Boiler Mf'g Company, Long Island City, N Pat. Lead-Encased Tin Pipes —Coiwells, Shaw & Willard, foot of West 27th street, N. Y. Patent Dry Centre Valve—American Meter Company, 512 West 22d street New York ... Steam Pumps—H. R. Worthington, 61 Beekman st. "New York.. 7 Water Pipes, etc.—S. Fulton & Co, 207 North Water st Phila.. 9 Water Closets, ete —Wm. 8, Carr & Co. 149, 151, 153, 155 BD, 157 Centre street, New York.. 4 Water and Sewerage Pipes—Am. Water and Gas Pipe Company northwest corner of Green and Bay sts., Jersey City, N. J 5

enor ke Water Meters—H. R. Worthington, 61 Bee man Sireet, Maw TON: as site 456066 se 00 Woodw ard Steam Pump Mf'g Co. 76, 78 Centre st. New York .

Clay Retort Works.

B. Kreisher, Clay Retorts, Ete., 58 Goerck street, New York 5 Bay State Clay Retort Works, 1 5, 127 Water st. Boston, Mass. . 6 Brooklyn Clay Retort Works, Van Dyke et Brooklyn, N.Y... 5 Jersey City Fire Brick Works.—J. H. Gautier & Co.,

Essex and Bergen streets, Morris Canal Basin, N. J 5 Laciede Fire Brick Works, 1007 North Levee, St. Louis, Mo. .. 8 Manhattan Clay Retort Works, 15th st. near Av. ©, New York. 5 Philadelphia Fire Brick Works, Vine and 23d sts Philadelphia. . 5 Ketorts, Pipes, &c.—R, D. Wood & Co,, 400 Che-tnut street,

Philadelphia 9

MINING Mac HINERY, ETC.

Broker in Mining Stocks—C. H. Smith 53¢ Pine st. New York... 4

Industrial Chemistry—Prof. 1. Dassavce, New Lebanon, N. Y.. 2

Mining "ngineer—J. H. Tiemann, 240 Pearl st. New York 4

Sodium Amalgam &c.—Prof. urtz, 26 Pine st., New York 6

School of Mines, ' olumbia College, Fast 49th st.

J. 8. Phillips, Mining Engineer, Wadsworth House, San Franity DB. inch cons éwcscanektees! a6 eeueb aoc. concede eecccses

Lamps, Stoves, Petroleum, Etc.

Chimney Top—C. H. Reichmann, 45 Fulton st. " 7 Lamps—F. H. Lovell & Co 233 Pearl street, New York.. owe 3 Street Lamps—J. G. Miner, Morrisania, Westchester Co., N. Y.. 2 Lamps, &c.,—Juiius Ives & Co., 49 Maiden Lane, N. aon 9

Miscellaneous.

A Rare Opportunity for Investment—Offices of this Journal 8 Apparatus For C.) Gas Company 6 Bird Cages—Osborn Manufacturing Company, 109 Bleecker st.. 8 Cameron Coal Company—42 Broadway ceseeos Despard Coal ™ Empire 8. 8. Line for "Savannah, Garrison & Allen, 5 Bowling . 9 Green.. 9 Empire Sewing Machine Company, 204 Bowery ec00 0+ 6 Fire Extinguisher—U. 8. Fire Extinguisher Co., 8 Dey street. ®

Finkle & Lyon Sewing Machine Company, 581 Broadway Fodeli's "Book-keeping for Gas Companies" Gas-Light Journal American and Foreign Patent Agency. 1 Opposition 8. 8. Line to California—177 W- st st.,cor Warren... 9 Prince's Metallic Paint—D. Sloan & Co. 115 Liberty street 5 Plastic Slate Roofing (0. 157 Broadway + Pianos—Raven & Bacon, 644 and 646 Broadway, © €..5..:. a D Partner Wanted—Wm. Bent, Medina, Orange County, N. Y 1 Roofing Materials—E. Van Orden & Co. 41 Liberty st ' :

se eee sees eerree

Rubber Goods—O. B. Gray, 201 Broadway ecccceesccs Smedberg's " Synopsis of Gas- Lighting

Situation Wanted as Manager of a Gis Work ents ine awd Steam Cooking Apparatus—Bennett, Johuson & Uo 42 Dey st., MGW VERE. cecccsnctcncs -2+ pecgossBre0+occeve conse >abbaton's Patent Screening Shovels—A. T. Smithe, No. 126 Maiden Lane, New York city o aces Smith & Sayre Manufacturing Company, 95 Liberty street... names

Situation as Superintendent Wanted —Sup't Office G.L Jour 2 Treatise on the Manwufacture of Gas—D. Van Nostrand, 192

Broadway, New York .. eral cet ieae saul

Ventilation—Henry A. Gouge, "O54 Broadway ° e

Watches- T. B. Bynner 189 Broadway SRA Works on the Manufacture of Gas—D. Van Nostrand, i923" Broadway, New York oe +0 eaeercccvecs 2000 cescecece

aioe

The American Gas Light Journal.

is published at No. 22 Pine Street, opposite the Sub- Treasury Building on the 2d and 16th of every month, and isa recognized official organ of— LIGHT, HEAT MINING INTERESTS. PETROLEUM, WATER-SUPPLY, anp SCIENTIFIC SUBJECTS GENERALLY, TERMS. Sunscription—Three dollars per annum in advance,

ADVERTISEMENTS,—One dollar per inch in column for each insertion inside. Outside and editorial page $2.00 per inch Large space or long time by special contract. Payable in advance.

(2 No Advertisement less than $2 00.

AGENTS New York—Amernican News Company, 119 and 121 Nassau street. Boston—S. M. Perrencit, & Co., No. 6 State Street.

PHILADELPHIA—Cok, Werrnertt. & Co, No. 441 Chestnut street corner of 5th.

Germany B. Westerman & Co., of New York. Great Britain Tropner & Co., 60 Paternoster Row, London,

Le JourNAL Dk& L'ECLAIRAGE av Gaz, 25 Boulevard Poissonniére

France, 26+ Brussels, Belgium—Henei BErce.

All communications to be addressed to "The Editors," No. 22 Pine Street, New Verk.

(we M. L. CALLENDER & Cv., Patest Soxtcrrons Office of The American Gas- Light Journal, No. 22 Pine Street, New York.

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