Quijotoa mining district guide book

Stephens, Bascom A.· 1884 · Historical

Deposila of Bullion made with us or shipped to Anglo-California Bank, San Francisco, for our account, can be checked against immediately.

This 1884 document, Quijotoa mining district guide book, is preserved in the Mountain Man Mining Library for research and reference. Original source: archive.org.

Library Of Congress.

United States Of America.

/

Mining District

BilSCDM A, STEPHENS;

Tucson: Citizen Printing And Publishing Company.

iaa4.

Ti |r,,-jch ji,,-. WVlu.lesulodeuier in imii . end Produce, fr,,vv,, a rfl . VV. -BLlcOllalll in aU branchea. No- 205 Congress Ht., i A IHjUII, A.

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A Circulating Library In English, Spanish And German.

A. Qoldsohmidt. J. S. Mansfeld.

Qaijotoa. Tucson.

J,S. Mansfeld&Co.,

Quijoioa, Arizona,

Branch News Stand.

Everything in our line kept here.

/I Ay 6 084

Iv. Advertisemets.

Jaees il. Toole. Ohaeles Hudson.

Hudson & Co.,

SUOCESSOKiS TO

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Bankers.

TUCSON and TOMBSTONE

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And Make

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DECEIVE DEPOSITS, PURCHASE OR MAKE ADVANCES ON JA Territorial and County Bonds and Warrants, approved Commercial Paper, etc., and

Transact a General Banking Business.

Deposila of Bullion made with us or shipped to Anglo-California Bank, San Francisco, for our account, can be checked against immediately.

Correspondents:

New York J. & W. Seligman & Co.

San Francisco Anglo-California Bank.

Los Angeles First National Bank.

St. Louis Bank Of Commerce.

Chicago Merch Ants' Savings, L & Trust Co.

Boston Massachusetts National Bank

Philadelphia Central National Bank.

Vi,

Advertisements.

Celebrated Schlitz'S

e Export Beer!

Bottled at Milwaukee.

Cz3 Os

Co

Co

Co Cd

.A. Oa,rci!

Cd

p.,

Cd

To whom it may Concern;

This iB to certify Mint VOKCHTING, SHAPE & CO., are the Sole and Only bottlers of our ExPOKT Bkei{ in Milwaukee, bottling the same on OUR premises.

Tins justly celebmted Export Beer is brewed by us expressly for VOECHTING'. SHAPE & CO.. of the choicest Hops and Malt, and is guaranteed by us to be purf;3 and adulterated. jOS. SCHLITZ BREWING CO..

I call the attention of the trade to the above card of the Joeeuhi Schlitz Brewing company, and that the beer bottled by Voechtihg , Shape & Co., and reprepresented by me in this territory, is the oalv/ beer they certify to as being pure aud unadulerated, being bottled oni their premises and consequently does not sulier deterioration by traastation as it does in kegs. The trade siipplie.1 by

M. DANNHEIM, Tucson A

First Niitioiial Baa

J- ''. Hwdy, Pres't. B. M. JacobF, (lasli'r.

N

TucKOii, A.T.

Designated Jjepsitory:

Sst'dlotKMi'lof IHe United Stetes.

Vlll. ADVERTISEMENTS.

Earll, Smith, Campbell & Stephens,

ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Office — Pearaon block, up-ntairs, Tucbod, Arizona.

Thos. D. Sattekwhite Wilson W. Hooveb.

Hoover & Satterwhite,

ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELORS, No. 6 Camp trppt. - . . . Tucson. Arizona.

M. LOVEIilj. B. H, HEREFOED.

Hereford & Lovell,

Attorneys And Counselors At Law,

No. 8 Camp street, Tucson, Arizona.

William J. Osborn,

Attorney at Law, Notary Public and Conveyancer. Special assistance priven in obtaining patents for mining and pre-emption claims, and also title to land under the desert and timber culture laws. Office at the court house, Tucson, Arizona.

J. T. Griffith,

Justice of the Peace and Notary Public. Logan avenue, Logan City, Ariz 'ua. General Collection, Commission and Real Estate.

Eugene W. Aram,

Attorney at Law and Notary Public, Logan Avenue, Logan City.. A. T. Will practice in all courts. Special attention given mining cases.

F. A. Odermatt,

Operative and Prosthetic Dentist, 213 Penning street (up-stairs), Tucson, Arizona.

Glassman & Co.,

Logan Brewery. Beer, Ale and Porter. "Wine Liquors and Cigars. Logan avfe'nue, Logan City. Arizona.

Pioneer Lodging House,

Logan avenue, Logan City. M. L. Wurts, proprietor. Good comfortable beds.

NEW VIKGINL4 BILLIARD HALL, I. A. Rose, proprietor. Corner Main and B streets, New Virginia, Arizona. Fine brands of Wine, Liquors and Cigars always on hand.

Melsted'S Chop-House, Bakery And Restaurant,

Logan avenue, Logan City, Arizona. J. Melsted, proprietor. Open day and night. Everything in the eating line, from a cup of coffee, to a square meal, at moderate pric a.

LOUIS E. SCHOLL, Dealer Ui Cigars, Tohaceo, Ciiti.ery, JVotions, Etc., Logan Avenue, - - - Qnijotoa, Arizona.

W. B. Walker,

Assayer, Loiran avenue, Logau City, Arizona. Silver and gold, $'2; copper, .f3; lead, SS. A reduction oq three or more a.'says. Special terms, to mining companies, Prompt attention given samples from a distance.

Advertisements. Ix.

Livery and Feed Stable, F. L. ELY, Prop.

Logan avenue, Logan City, A. T.

John C. Crowell,

Main Street, New Virginia. Arizona Territory.

WILLfAM SELLER, Oon-t"rgLO"bor anci Biailcier.

Office — Head of Shotwell aventie, Logan City.

JOHN H. WEBER, Oon"Lra.G"tor andL Biailcier,

. [11:;° With Prince Bros. Logan Avenue.

Paul Plummer.

J"e"weler and 0"p"tioia.n.

Thoeo who c>innot see gold in the rocks should send to me for glaesee which will he!p them to see the metal. Tucson Arizona,

F. Y. Hauck,

Blacksmith. Horsfshoeing and General Blacksmith Work.

New Virginia, opposite Virginia Corral.

L. & E. JONES, Corral anci Livery Salole,

Logan Avenue.

L. ENGLISH & CO., Xjiamloer "Ya-rci

Logan avenue. J, P. Johnson, agent.

M. RISINGER, CorLtra-otor anci B-U-ilcier

Logan avenue, Logan City, A. T.

P. Hassett,

Bakery and Groceries. Lotran avenue. Fresh Bread Daily.

Pies and Cakes, Flour, Barley, Potatoes and general 'roceries.

' Proctor & Co., "

Wholesale and Retail. Logan avenue.

P. Gaijtriaud& Co. Gbocbbies And Piwvisions.

Groceries and provisions, liquors andgfirs. Main St., New Virginia

HIBBARD &l:ASANEGArProps; HEAJJO UABTEliH SALOO .T.

Sohlitz Milwaukee Beer. Logan avenue.

X. Advertisements.

J. R Hayter,

Attorney aud Coxiuselior at Law. Notary Public. Connected with New Virginia Townsite company. IL 'Oifice with company, New Virginia.

Palace Hotel,

Tltcson, Arizona, - - - Geo. Rayfield, Pro.

Coach from all trains to hotel free of charge to gneeis. Charges, $2.50 to S5 per day, according location of room. Day board, $7 per week. Special terms to families or parties desiring to stay a certain length of time

Headquarters Saloon,

Third Street, New Virginia, Arizona.

Only the best brands of Beer, Wines, Liquors and Cigars. No poison sold here.

A. J. FRAZER, Proprietor.

C. S. Shotwell,

Groceries and Oenere! ierchaodise,

Logan Avenue, ... - Logan City, Arizona.

Maloney & Co.,

Wines, Liquors and Cigars,

Loan Avenue, - - Logan City, Arizona. (EReading Room. The finest place in town.

New Virginia Corral,

J\''ew Virginia, Arizona.

KNOX & SEAT, Propbietors.

The Largest corral in tbo camp. Saddle horses for hire.

Stage Line,

From Tucson to Oracle and American Flag,

M. a. SAMANIEGO, . . - . Proprietor.

saddle"" SHOP,

Cor. Jackson and Meyer Streefs, Tiieson, Arizona. All kinds of work done in my line. M G. Samaniego, Pro.

Advertisements.

THE NEIW VIRGINIA TOWNSiTE COiPaNY,

Office- On Third 8Trket.

Following is a dias:ram of a block m New Virginia:

N

W

24

Fourteen-foot alLdys run north and south throiigh each block. Liot8 running north and south are 30x100 feet; lots running east and west are 30x120 feet. The townsite is most beautifully located on the eastern slope of the Quijotoa mountains, and has splendid drainage. All streets are eighty feet wide. Those running east and west are numbered; those running north and south are lettered.

Especial attention to visitors. Strangers invited to call and examine maps and plats. Terms reasonable. Correspmdence solicited.

Address,

New Virginia Toavnsite Company.

Quijotoa, Arizona.

Quijotoa

Mining District

Guide Book.

Bascdm R, Stephens;

1Bb4.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1884, by

BAscoM A. stephf:ns.

In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.

Preface,

Even a guide-book must have a preface. I have been cognizant of the Quijotoa boom for the past ten months, and have watched each step, and am personally acquainted with the Arizona men who have figured principally therein, and also with Messrs. Manlove, Tozer and Hughes, whose testimony in regard to the bonanza mines is here published, and may be relied upon in every particular as the truth. These conservative o-entlemen have carefullv drawn their reports, a little, if anything, under the reality, for fear, perhaps, of being disbelieved. The informamation concerning the other mines comes from the owners or interested friends in every instance, and must be taken accordingly. The latest news to date of the principal mines of Quijotoa district and Pniia county have been incorporated in this book. This little work is sent forth with the hope that the m- formation it contains may be like good seed sown in fruitiul ground bearing a hundred fold, in that many of those who read may come with their wealth of brain and brawn and bank and assist in developing the unlimited resources of the full embrja) ic State of Arizona.

Bascom a. Stephens. Tucson, April 14, 1884.

Quijotoa

"The wealth of the world will yet be found in Arizona and New Mexico."— Baron Humboldt.

UIJOTOA is the name of a rancre of inoim- I) tains in Southern Arizona, some twenty miles in length, and lying just west of the H2th meridian of longitude. They have a general altitude of 4,000 feet, and derive their name from their principal peak, which the Papago Indians, the aboriginal tribe of Christianized Pimas,call Kee-ho-toe-ah,or basket-mountain, from the resemblance of its outlines to a basket, such as is made by the Papagos. Kee-hoe means basket and toe-ah an eminence. This peak is shown in the left-hand corner of the frontispiece. Quijo-toa is simply the Sjmnish orthography of the Papago word. The rest of the mountain to the right, as shown in the picture, the Papagoes call Gah-kotkh, which means crooked. When one looks at the mountain, and sees the steep palisades, which constitutes its surrounding walls, and which in some instances are over 1,000 feet in height, the Indian name seems to be very appropriate. Various names, as the Peer mountain and Ben Nevis, have of late been bestowed upon it, but none is so natural as that given by the "oldest inhabitants." The name of Ben Nevis was given to the major portion of the mountain S. A. Manlove in honor of Alexander McKay, the wiry Scotchman, and first white man who ever scaled its

rugged and precipitous heights. The uauie is pure Anglo-Saxon, and a striking ajpHcation suggetsts itself in configuration and surroundings to its celebrated namesake, of which the poet Keats, thus writes in one of his sublime sonnets:

Ben Nevis.

We climb, we pant, we pause; again we climb.

Frown not, stem mountain, nor around tliee throv

Thy mist and t-torm; but look with cloudless brow

O'er all ihy siaut progeny sublime.

While toiling-up the immeasurable height

We climb, we pant, we pause; tlie thickening gloom

Hath palled us in the darkness of the tomb.

And on the hard-worn summit, sound nor sight

Salute us, save the snow au'i chilling blfiet.

And all the guardian friends of v inter's throne.

Such, too, is life, ten thotisand perils passed,

Our fame is vapor, end our mirth a groan.

But, patience; the veil be rent away,

And on our vision flash celestial day.

These mountains, as all ranges are in Arizona, stand unconnected with other chains. They rise abruptly from the plains, run a few miles, and disappear. No forests clothe their sides, or streams of living water flow down the gulches of the Quijotoas. The diminutive mesquitr, of the locust family, and the still smaller palo verde (green wood), a species of trees peculiar to the southwestern part of the United States, grow on their foot-hills. The giant cactus, and a hundred smaller species, stand ready from base to summit to attack the defenseless prospector. If every rose has a thorn; it is evident in Arizona that every thorn does not have a rose. In the heat of summer a species of these cactus afford sufficient moisture to save life. On the mountain summits great ledges occnsionalh show themselves, sometimes containing only "barren" quartz, or possessing simply an "iron cap," or again exhibiting, as in the Crocker

Quijotoa Guide Book. 19

claim, on the summit of Ben Nevis, horn-silver and even the virgin stuff itself.

Here and there are basins in natural rock and soil, which the summer and winter rains fill to the extent sometimes of many thousands of gallons. These depressions, whether in rock or earth, on mesa or mountain, full or empty, are called "tanks." When first filled by the refreshing showers their water is comparatively pure, but it soon becomes sta-nant. In the Santa Rosa valley, east of the Quijotoa mountains, are some tanks which contain more or less water the year around. On their banks are located Papago villages. Their huts are built of frames of ocatilla (a species of cactus), and thatched with wild grass, and have a low, narrow opening on one side. In the very dry seasons the villages are moved to the larger tanks. Till the authorities of Pima county dug at Covered Wells a few years ago, these tanks were the only source of water-supply for the prospector for many miles around. A knowledge of their location and supply is still valuable.

The plains surrounding the Quijotoa mountains are well wooded with mesquite and palo verde, and are covered with a luxuriant growth of grass, called sacatone by the Mexicans. Cattle thrive upon it, and, whenever the aqueous resources of this country shall be sufficiently developed, these valleys will sustain a great number of cattle. To one accustomed to forest scenery this country looks fiat, stale, and uninviting. To the cattle man and the miner it is a very paradise.

From September till May the climate rivals that of Italy or California in their finest seasons. Extra

2"

clothing is not required. Earthquakes and hurricanes have never been known, and do not exist even in the traditions of the native Papago. The mercury notches about 60 ° on an average. The winter rains, generally light, come in December or January. The native grasses and flowers spring to life, and the countr} appears as green as Erin. Snow melts as it falls, and only

falls on the mountain tops, and remains, if at all, a very short time. The sunnner rains are ahvays very heavy, and fall in July and August. They are accompanied by thunder and lightning. It is during this season that the terrific "cloud-burst" occurs, when the "windows of heaven" literally open, and it seems as if every cubic foot of cloud-vapor suddenly became a gallon of water. What was previously a dry wash through the plain is quickly filled with a mighty torrent, which the Great Eastern could safely navigate. If the precipitation occurs on a mountain thousands of tons of earth and boulders are carried down to the plain, and placers and ledges are uncovered. Afterwards the prospector may find the "float" rock and track it to its "mother ledge." It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. Travelers over the plains during this season frequently meet great rivers, which they cannot cross. Not a cloud will be visible, the waters coming from some mighty downfall that occurred a few hours previously on some distant range. Without doubt all the valleys of Arizona have been filled and the mountains worn off by these tremendous atmospheric spasms. And lightning stroke, and thunder crash have aided Nature's hydraulics in ages past to tear down the covering of

Quijotoa Guide Book. 21

earth from the form of old Bun Nevis and expose the massive riches of Crocker, Peerless and Peer. From May till September it cannot be denied that the weather is warm. In Tucson the United States signal service observations never registered in the summer time above 110 degrees in the shade, during a period of eight years. This compares favorably with the temperature of the San Joaquin and Sacramento valleys of California, where the mercury for weeks at a time during the summer notches 114 degrees and is frequently at 120 degrees in the shade. This difference favors Arizona; the climate is so dry no dew ever falls except it be a very little in the early part of the spring. Dry heat is endurable and uninjurious to a high degree, as was demonstrated by the French philosophers. The continued heat of four months is the only real drawback to Arizona climate, but what country does not possess its drawbacks ? "The trail of the serpent is over it all." People from abroad, who have experienced Arizona climate for any considerable period, know that, while it has disadvantaofes, it has a less number of them than the climate from whence the observers came. In fact the serpent did not trail here any more than in other countries.

The Quijotoa mountains are not a new mining region. From a Spanish manuscript, said to have been discovered by A. H. Hanson, in an old mission church in Lower California, while visiting the placers there last summer (1883), it is learned that ore was shipped from this region in 1774, to Muleje, Lower California, for reduction. In the Horseshoe Bend, four miles north of the town of Logan, are evidences

of old Mexican mining. Who mined there the present generation have no knowledge. In these placers numerous pits and shafts are sunk down through the red earth. They occupy a space of country about half a mile wide and two miles long. The shafts go down to a strata of hard, white cement. These holes average from five to fifty feet deep. This kind of work is known among miners as "coyoteing." The Ortega mine, on the west side of the Quijotoa mountains, nearly opposite the Horseshoe, is an old Mexican mine, which in the years gone by has yielded many tons of petanque.

About sixty niles west of Quijotoa is the world renowned Ajo copper mine, which was long worked by Mexicans. In 1854 Col. Charles D. Poston organized a company in San Francisco to work these mines, and as late as 1857 L. J. F. Jaeger freighted its ore to Yuma, on mule back, at a cost of $105 per ton. The ore was then shipped per steamer to San Francisco, and thence by sailing vessel around Cape; Horn to Swansea, Wales, and then paid !

In answer to a request the following memorandat has been given:

The Ajo Copper Company was formed in Sara Francisco in 1854, with Major General Robert Allen,,, U. S. A., president, and Edward E. Dunbar, superintendent. The members were Fred. R. A. Rohnstadt, Charles Schuchard, Charles O. Haywood., Peter R. Brady, Jo. Yancey, and many others who are' dead and forgotten. L. J. F. Jeager, at Yuma first packed the ore on mules. Then Tomlinson came from California with a train of wagons and Kentucky mules. The secretary went to London and brought out a "steam traction engine," and that finished the

Quijotoa Guide Book. 23

business. These companies always manage their business witli prudence and ficonomy?

Charles D. Poston.

The Picacho mine is in the Cababi mountains, twelve miles east of Quijotoa. If anything, this mine was worked a longer time by the Mexicans than the Ajo. The period when this was done may be judged by contemperaneous events. In 1748 work was commenced on the Baboquivari gold mines. In 1820, when the Apaches compelled suspension, a depth of three hundred feet had been attained. The Picacho mine was probably worked about this time. The ore was worked in arastras at Fresnal, some twenty miles south of the mine.

In 1878 the Gunsight excitement broke out, and the country between there and Tucson was prospected, resulting in many locations being made in the Quijotoa mountains. At the west base of Ben Nevis, Alexander McKay discovered an iron-capped ledge, which at the time he did not think was of much value. He tells the story of the discovery as follows: ''I was m that country in February, 1879, and saw some pretty good mineral indications, but could find nothing without it was some iron. I did not make any locations till Weldon had seen Governor Tritle's copper mine, the United Verde in Yavapai county; then he came back and located the Emerald. I would not locate in because I thought it was nothing but iron. Weldon went to work, and found beneath the iron capping lots of copper, which carried a large per centage of silver. I then put my name in three good locations. I would not put my name on the Emerald. While doinof the assessment work on the Wadsworth

I had been threatening for a long time to go on top of the mountain. The boys would laugh at me whenever I spoke of it. As often as the time came to go something would keep me back. Finally one day I went up. I prospected around and filled my sack with good specimens, from what is now the Peerless and Peer ground. I went as far down the mountain side as I could on my return, but missed my way and fired off my pistol. The boys, working on the Emerald, ran out down on the hill-side below, and looking up, saw me on top of the clifi", hundreds of feet above them. I had to go back up the mountain and seek another place of descent. I finally got down with a large lot of ore. Roark said, 'What luck?' I replied, 'The Comstock of Arizona is on top of that mountain.' The entire ledge on top showed the same kind of ore as at the bottom of the hill. A week afterwards we went up to make locations. There were Albert Weldon, James A. Poark, George Teitsworth and myself We made these locations May 11, 1883. We also located in W. C. Davis and Martin Medley. We took some of the rock to Tucson, and it assayed $1,500 to $4,500 per ton. We got $2,500 for five tons shipped to the Benson smelter.

"George Teitsworth climbed with me part of the way, and then went off down towards the Otter Slide where he saw some mountain lions, while I contmued up to the top of the mountain. When I returned he had been down sometime. The next week we all went up together."

From May till December, the time of the sale a force of men, sometimes as many as twenty was kept constantly at work. Lowering works were con-

Quijotoa Guide Book. 25

structed to let the ore down over the bluffs on the east side of Ben Nevis, and hoist the supplies. Considerable ore was taken out, and shipped with profit to the different smelters. The Lofran well was commenced and sunk to a depth of 110 feet. The mine paid from the start.

The discovery made quite a stir in mining circles, and gradually began to attract the attention of San Francisco capitalists, prominent among whom was W, S. Lyle, Without letting anyone know of his coming, he suddenly appeared one October day on top of the Peer mine, and surprised all hands by his presence. He sampled the claims, and bonded them for fourteen days for $450,000. From Tucson Mr. Lyle telegraphed Messrs. J. C. Flood and John Mackay the results. J. B. Low, of Virginia City, Nevada, was sent down, and after examining the mines reported favorably. In answer to telegrams W. C. Davis and Alexander McKay went to San Francisco, and held an interview with J. C. Flood. At the latter's request Hank Smith and W. H. Patton returned with Davis and McKay and made a final examination of the mines. On their return to Tucson from the Quijotoas the bargain was closed by telegraph. This was on December 7 , 1883. One week after the Peer, Peerless Weldon and Combination mining companies were incorporated in San Francisco for the purpose of mining for precious metals and reducing ores in Pima county, Arizona, with the principal place of business in San Francisco, and terms of existence fifty years. The capital stock for each of such companies is $10,000,000, divided into 100,000 shares each, at a par value of $100 per share. The

board of directors for each company are James L. Flood, president; George R. Wells, secretary; R. H, Follis, J. B. Low, and George Frier. Following is the stock actually subscribed for each company:

K. H. Folli 5 shares

James L. Flood 49,090

George R. Wells 5

J. B. Low 5 "

George Frier 5 "

James C. Flood 49,990

The Crockeh

Was located, as the south extension of the Peerless, on May 12, 1883, by D. H. Crocker, F. A. Adams, F. Litchfield, M. m'. Bruce and H. B. Tenney. The ore croppings show plainly the length of the whole claim, averaging in width from ten to fort} feet, and assaying from $25 to $855. In some places great reefs of solid ore rise up to a height of thirty feet. An abundance of horn and native silver is in all the croppinjijs. August 1, 1883, Crocker sold his undivided one-fifth interest to Aaron Mason for $500. January 11, 1884, the owners sold their entire interests to P. P. Cunningham for $120,000. He transferred the same to James L. Flood, January 16, for $10 and other valuable considerations, and Flood in turn sold it for the same on January 22, to the Crocker Mining Company. This incorporation was effected January 17.

The directors are: William S. Lyle, president; George R. Wells, secretary; R. H. Follis, Charles H. Fish and George Frier, who each subscribed 20,000 shares at $100 per share.

The entire purchase made by the bonanza companies are as follows: The Crocker consists of the

Quijotoa C3Uide Book. 27

mine of that name. The Peerless includes the Peerless, Shield, Good Cheer, 5:20 and Intervener. These mines are on the east side. In the Peer incorporation are the Peer and Wide West, on the west side, and the Ibex, Outlet, Little Cholla and Horn, on the east. The Weldon consists of the Wadsworth, Cholla, Wedoje and Cliff; while the Combination includes the mine of that name and the Josh Billings, on the west side. For all of which they paid the munificent sum of $570,000, of which the locators took 32 per cent in stock, and a very large cash consideration for the remaining 68 per cent. Since then the original locators have unloaded a portion of their stock at an average of $7.50 per share. The companies to date (April, 1884) have kept their stock locked up. The amount of stock subscribed for each of the five companies is $10,000,000. As the shareholders in each mine are the same, the mines located nearl}' in a body, and all under one supervision, they may be looked upon as une company, representing $50,000,000 capital stock. This may be said to be one of, if not now, the heaviest mining corporations on the Pacific coast, or the whole United States, or for that .iiatter in the world .

W. H. Smith was appointed agent for all the five bonanza companies in Arizona, and at once began work, A good horse trail was constructed from Logan up to the Otter Slide on the east side, and two foot-trail? were dug on the west side of Ben Nevis, and about the middle of January, 1884, the first actual prospecting' was begun by the driving of tiiree tunnels into the bowels of Ben Nevis, with a view of ascertaininof:

1st. — If the bonanza vein goes down.

2d. — To discover other bodies of ore that may exist.

3d. — To make room for the employment eventually of a large force of labor.

The next month (February) a tunnel was commenced on the east side of the Crocker, and a winze on the Peerless.

The Prospector says : By favor ot Hank Smith we were shown some assays from the Peerless winze, taken from near the surface. The figures were $584.49, $507.18 and $184.77. The latter was a peculiar looking red rock, apparently a sort of spar, wiiich one would hardly expect to assay anything. This was also Mr. Smith's opinion, and he had several assays made to verify the above figures. We took a sample of this ore with us. Two later assays from this winze at a depth of 14 feet, gave $244.10 and $322.40. An average of thirty to forty pounds from near the surface yielded $203. G2. From a four foot cut on the Peerless, Mr. Smith got an average assay of $1,500. Several assays have given from $2,000 to $3,000. This is a splendid showing. If such a grade of ore in the quantity which is visible on the surface, should extend to any depth, the Quijotoa mines will prove themselves to be the grandest deposit of silver ever discovered." A mill assay of Peer and Peerless ore was made in San Francisco last January, (1884), by J. C. Flood, under his personal supervision, and showed no bases of any kind. The ore is a carbonate and sulphide of silver, mostly the latter, with horn silver runninef all through.

Quijotoa Guide Book. 29

Samuel A. Maulove, then editor of the Arizona Daily Citizen, published at Tucson, visited the bonanza mines in October, 1883, and wrote as follows:

"What I am now about to write, though for publication as a newspaper report, it is not as such reports are usually made. During the past six years I have, perhaps, examined as many mines for parties with a view to purchase, and have traveled over as many miles by team, stage, and railroad, as almost any one in the territory, and have, I think, condemned as many mines in Arizona and Sonora as any one who ever went in search of properties for legitimate investment; and, while I am not begging for believers, I think that those who know me will at least give me credit for stating facts, as they appear. It will, perhaps, be best for me to describe

Mount Ben Nevis,

Through which the principal lodes extend. This mountain is one of the Quijotoa range, though completely detached on the southeast, and is only connected with a low range of hills to the northwest. In reality, Mount Ben Nevis is a distinct mountain, 1,500 feet higher than the neighboring plain, and about seven claims, or 10,500 feet in length. It may be cut anywhere at the base by a tunnel a quarter of a mile in length, and in my judgment can be so cut at a depth of from 500 to 800 feet below the outcrop on the top of the ridge with a tunnel from 300 to 500 feet in length; and at one point immediately south of the house, near the dividing end line of the Peer from the Peerless, either lode can be cut at a depth of 500 reet with 100 feet or less of tunneling, and a

tunnel of 300 feet will pierce the mountain through at the same depth. The average width of the ridge is about 300 feet, though it varies, and at some places is not more than 100 feet wide. The first 800 feet from the base up is at an angle of about forty-five degrees, and from this point up to the apex of the ridge it is nearly perpendicular. The opposite side of the Peer and the north half of the Peerless is even more precipitous, and the precipice is nearly or quite 1,000 feet high; but at the southeast end of the Peerless nline the cliff seems to have broken down, and it is at this point that the foot trail leads up on the west side of the mountain. From here southeast to the end of the mountain, a distance of over a mile, the palisade is broken dovvn, leaving; a rough surface, which can be scaled only with great difficulty. It is, as near as may be judged, 4,000 feet above sea level, and one of the most rugged spots 'in Arizona, With this preliminary description I will endeavor to carry the reader with me down to the lowermost point that can be reached on the northwest end of the Peer mine,where there is a short cut in the solid rock about 300 feet Jong and about 50 feet wide, which assumes the form of a miniature canyon where it jumps the precipice, which is believed to be about 1,000 feet high. There we began the examination of the

Peer Mine,

On the brink of the precipice, where it shows a ledge four feet wide. At this point it is 200 feet below the apex of the ridge. The lode runs right up the point of the ridge, passing on the west side of the same for a distance of 600 feet; here it runs along the west

Quijotoa Guide Book. 31

side of the precipice, where a cut is beintr run and some fine ore is being taken out. The outcrop of the ledge, from the northwest end to this point, is regular and strong; it varies, as near as can be determined from a surface examination, from four to six feet in width, but at the cut above referred to the ore vein is five feet wide and not yet cut through. The cut is about twelve feet deep. Assays from the breast of this cut gave $361.20 in silver per ton.

"The lode continues, near the west brink of the precipice, to the southwest end line, where the Peerless ground begins. The lode the entire length, from the bep-innino; at the northwest end to the end line of the Peerless, is continuous, and good ore can be broken off almost anywhere along the outcrop that will go from $50 to $4,000 in silver per ton.

"the peerless mine.

"This mine, which begins where the Peer ends — as will be seen by the diagram— has two distinct lodesat the northwest end, varying in width from four to six feet, and two smaller ones from 20 inches to three feet, embraced within a width of sixty feet. About 1,000 feet from this point all of the lodes seem ta come together, forming one large lode that continues good and strong to southeast end of the claim. There being no work done on this portion of the claim it is impossible to give the accurate width of the vein after the lodes unite, but from the surface indications it must be six feet or more. It was here that Mr. McKay's hat blew off, one day last August, and fell down the side of the precipice and lodged in the bram- ,bles some seventy feet below. Not relishing the idea

of going bareheaded during the somewhat warm days of an Arizona summer, Mr. McKa} insisted on going down after his hat, so the boys let him down with a rope and he recovered his hat. But not satisfied with recovering his head gear, he insisted on doing a little prospecting while suspended in mid-air. H'e broke a piece of rock from the wall of the precipice and then called for the boys above to "pull away." On arriving at the surface they found it to be good ore, had it assayed and the figures were $3,600 per ton in silver. Three open cuts are being run at the northwest end, near the rope tramway. Two of them are on the east lode which are but a few feet deep. The other is on the west lode, and is down on the breast about fifteen feet, showing a vein between four and five feet in width of excellent ore. I took samples from the breast of this cut which assayed $359.72 in silver per ton.

*.Ai. Jf, 41, .11,

"The owners of the Peerless group of mines have had forty-two assays made of ore from the mines, of every species of ledge matter, embracing all kinds of ore to be found in the mine in order tliat they might Isnow what the different grades of ore wouldgo, as a ;guide in assorting the ore, and the average of the forty-two assays was $471 in gold and silver. Usually no gold is found, but in some places it runs as high as $30 per ton.

Passing down on the west side of the mountain, is the ChoUa, Wadsworth and Josh Billings, promising silver prospects, and the Wedge, Emerald and Murray copper mines, which, as will be seen by referring to the plat, lie between the Cholla, Wads-

Quijotoa Guide Book. 33

worth and Josh Bilhngs, and the Crocker and Mountain Goat which are continuations of the Peer and Peerless mines. It is certainly a strange freak of nature to find a vein of copper between two silver veins, yet it is so, and what is more, it is a very promising vein of copper ore. My examinations were chiefly confined to the

Emerald Copper Mine,

which is the best developed, and one of the handsomest mines I have seen in Arizona. There are two open cuts on the north end; the lower cut is in about fifteen feet, breasting up about twelve feet in depth, showing a most beautiful vein of solid ore eight feet wide, that will go from 15 to 20 per cent in copper and about $60 in silver per ton. About 150 feet higher up is another larger cut showing up a twelvefoot vein of similar ore which goes a little less in copper, but yields a higher rate of silver. Messrs. Mc- Kay, Weldon and others who own the Emerald, are of the opinion that it will run to silver, and that the copper will give out as depth is attained. In view of its location in the midst of silver mines, this theory may prove correct; but whether it does or not, it is a prospect worth holding onto, and if it goes down as it has begun, will prove a very valuable property.

St. 4t. -Ur -it

-Tt Tv- -Tv"

Conclusion.

*'No man can tell what is under the ground. One man can see as far into rocks as another, and while the judgment of some men in mining matters is better than others, we have learned that all

are liable to err; and that the best mining experts are often at fault. So after all, we can only speak of what is in sight and let future developments tell the rest. The formation of the Quijotoa mines is in porphyry, which splits vertically showing but few horizontal fissures; the lodes are in place with a slight dip to the east; the mineral is found in quartz, spar and porphyry; the capping is quartz; much of it has the appearance of conglomerate, which is caused by oxydation. The mineral belt is extensive, the ore is free and there is every reason to believe that the mines will go down. As will be seen from the plat all lodes run to the Peerless mine, and the same kind of ore is found at the base of the mountain on the Cholla, that is found on the Peerless over 1,000 feet above. I do not believe in mountains of ore; I have never yet seen one, but Mount Ben Nevis comes as near to it as I ever expect to see. The Peer and Peerless, have more ore and of higher grade, than I have before seen on the surface, and it will be strange indeed if it does not go down. I am of the impression that a great mining camp will spring up here, but the time has not yet come for people to go in.

AN expert's opinion.

Col. Chas, W. Tozer, a well-known mining expert of the Pacific coast for the past twenty-five years, says of these mines: "They are situated on an isolated mountain composed of porph-ritic rocks Avhich rise abruptly to heights varying from 1,600 to 1,800 feet. Along this ledge extends the principal ore channel. It is a free milling ore, and can be

worked by ordinary processes without washing. The ores contain silver, carrying a small percentage of gold. From the limited amount of work done upon the mines, and which work was confined to the Peer and Peerless locations, being the property recently purchased by Mr. Lyle for himself and others, I may sa.y, in general terms, that tlie principal vein is from sixteen to twenty feet wide, and in places wider, and never in the course of my observation on the Pacific coast have I seen a more promising prospect. That may seem to be strong language, but it is true, and I repeat it, I never in Arizona or on the coast saw anything like it. Nobody can possibly believe it till they have seen it with their own eyes, as I have. My individual opinion of the future of the property is that it will take rank among the great mines of the country; I was going to say in the world, but people abroad will dislike to believe that. The croppings are strong and prominent for three thousand feet, and

For The Entire Distance

carry ore of sufficiently high grade to pay fair profit for mining and milling. In many places quite large bodies of high grade ore appear. 1 was among the the first on the ground at Tombstone. In strength of lodes and richness of ore the surface of the Quijotoa mines compare favorably with the Tombstone mines in their early history. At the same time the geographical formation in which the Quijotoa mines occur indicate to me, as did the Tombstone mines, both permanency and value. The character of the ores at Quijotoa is identical with that of mines elsewhere, in this and other countries, which have proved

permanent to a de[)th which human ingenuity could devi.se means to explore. The geological formation in which the ores are found is identical with the formations surrounding the most permanent mines in the world. Experts have examined the Quijotoas that have visited the richest and oldest mines of Mexico, Europe and South America, mines that have been worked for centuries, and never gave any indication of exhaustion, and these experts pronounce the Quijotoas their equal."

A Third Eye-Witness.

L. C. Hughes, editor of the Arizona Daily Star, visited tlie Quijotoa mines last February (1884) and wrote as follows:

"The mines are located on Mount Ben Nevis, which, on the east side, rises almost perpendicular out of the valley about 1,200 feet. The summit is over 6,000 feet long, lying north and south. The west side has more of a terraced form, with various perpendiculars of from fift} to two hundred feet. The south end is also perpendicular almost 1,400 feet. The north and has a more gradual slope, but is too steep and rugged for ascent. In cloudy weather the summit buries itself in the clouds, and during the afternoon the gulf breeze wafts across its crest. To climb to the summit is now comparatively easy, inasmuch as there is a good trail cut on both the east and the west sides of the mountain, windinaf around at easv irrades. The east trail being the most accessible foom the camp, is the most popular. The journey by this route is made generally on horseback up as far as the Otter Slide, and within sixty feet of a swag in the ridge of

Quijotoa Guide Book. 37

tli'e mouiitaiii, which is overcoine by ladders. It is wear this point, on the summit, tlie quartz ledge conies lULjd on the south end of the Crocker claim, which was a-eeently purchased by the bonanza people for the snug ssiiOiof $120,000. A few days since, in company with Mank Smith, the superintendent, we made the trip hy (the route designated, for the purpose of forming .ome idea of tlie extent and general appearance of tfche Quijotoa group of mines. The Crocker is the .southern claim in the great vein. Here the ore cropjsings show plainly the full length of the mine, averjftging in width from ten to forty feet, and samj)led all the way from $25 to $855. Some places the vein rises up a great reef of solid ore. The Peerless adjoins tthe Crocker, and shows almost a mountain of ore. On this tliei are six different cuts and openings, showing lbeautil<uil ore. In fact, on all sides of the openings Eiothing but ore can be seen, and the same may be said of the dump. The quantity of mineral in sight on the JBeerless battles description. To appreciate it one must go on th'e ground. The vein in width runs from 20 to 140 feet of apparently solid quartz. Scalp the croppings wh'ere you may, the bright, lively mineral shows inp. Near the northern end of the claim there is an (Opening made on what appears to be the west side of the vein, a distance of at least 140 feet from the east side of the croppings and about 250 feet below. The <lift is run in alongsideof the vein, with a perpendicular wall of ore over sixty feet high. The drift, which is five feet wide, averages over $3,000 per ton. The .ground above has the appearance of a solid mountain *®f quartz, and the fact that the openings on both sides of iliis vast body shows fine stratification, would naturally

lead to a positive conclusion that such was the tact. A great many samples taken from tlie cropping at different points on the Peerless gave a general average of over $250 per ton. When the magnitude of the croppings are taken into consideration, the general average of its richness appears incredible, but facts are stubborn things. On the north end, and within thirty feet of the east side of the perpendicular of the mountain, a cut fifty feet in length, six feet in depth and twelve feet wide, is opened, showing a welldefined vein with perfect itratification. This opening was made by the discoverers, who extracted the ore for shipment, and none but second-class ore is on the dump, from which an average sample gave a fraction over $160. An average of the cut gave over $257. The Peer adjoins the northern end of the Peerless. The vein and croppings keep up their general appearance of strength. There are five different cuts, all of which show the same character of ore and a well-defined! vein to the northern line of the claim, or where the mountain slopes into the valley. At this point is an indication worthy of notice. At the northeast encH there is what is termed the "horse's mouth," a deep? cut of 150 feet or more, at the bottom of which the vein is plainly defined, showing beautiful ore, which sampled $40 to $650 per ton. The ore found at this depth on the end of the mountain, taken in connection with the formation, which shows a well-defined stratification along the entire length of the great croppingSi wherever openings have been made, appear to be good reasons for believing that the ore will continue to ai great depth. The outcrop of the Cholla is from twenty to fifty feet in width. The character of the ore iB

Quijotoa Guide Book. 39

chloride and horn-ilver. The formation is porphyry, exactly the same as the famous Comstock. The trend of the vein is northerly and southerly, and appears to be about perpendicular. In answer to the question of the probability of the vein joing down, Hank Smith answered, "If this vein don't go down it is a most wonderful freak of nature; for," continued he, "wherever a cut in the vein has been made the stratification shows plain, and the deeper the opening the more emphatic is the stratification." One of the most striking features of Mount Ben Nevis is the great mass of porphyry running up perpendicular (as before stated) 1,200 feet. Why this has not crumbled or fallen away appears to puzzle the casual observer. Su])ejintendent Smith advances a reasonable theory. He claims "the mountain is one immense porphyry dyke, which has been held in place by the vein or ledge, which, in his opinion, from the magnitude of the quartz which break through the dyke, gives it firmness and strength." This is probably the most plausible theory. Previous to the purchase of these properties the original owners had prospected the claims for rich ore. prosecuting their work they took out over 1,000 tons, most of which remains on the dump, as they did not ship any under $450 per ton."

Official Report By W. H. Smith.

Superintendent's office. Peerless Mining company, Quijotoa, A. T., April 5th, 1884. To George Frier, Esq., secretary Peerless mining company; Dear Sir: During the week ending April 5th, 1884, tunnel No 1. has been advanced 15 feet, making a distance of 125 feet. The face is in a stratified porphj

'ry, of a very favorable character; Crocker tunnel has been advanced 14 feet, total distance 104 feet; the rock in the face is heavily iron stained, with streaks of quartz running through it which looks very favorable. Tunnel No. 2 is in 118 feet; only 9 feet has been run during" the week owing to some of the men being sick; the face is in porphyry mixed with streaks of quartz, and from general appearance I think we are near the vein. Tunnel No. 3 has been advanced 12 feet during the week, total distance 104 feet. The face is in a favorable looking porphyry, and from general appearance better progress can be made. Tunnel at the Horse's Mouth is in 25 feet and no material change since last report. The winze is down 58 feet; it has been sunk 11 feet during the week and looks about the same as when I last reported. The wellborers are down 430 feet and slow progress is being made, 6 feet per day. The bottom is in cement. Total number of days work done in and about the various mines during the month of March, 1,150 days. Respectfully, W. H. Smith, Sap't.

North Peer Company.

This company was incorporated February 27, 1884, under the laws of the State of California, with principal place of business at San Francisco, to mine and mill at Quijotoa. Following were the original subscribers:

George Hearst 100 shares

Joseph Clark

George O'Brieter " "

George W. Grayson " "

Nixon Palmer 99,100 "

Quijotoa Guide Book. 41

The par value of the shares is $10 per share. The company's ground includes the Sheep's Nest, Kemnant, and North End locations, all of which immediately adjoin the Peer on the north. The present board of directors are Nixon Palmer, Joseph Clark, Stephen Roberts, Alexander Rutherford and J. B. Low. The co.npany is driving a tunnel at the base ot the cliff on the North End, and at tlie present writing (April) are in over 40 feet. They expect to reach the bonanza vein in about 100 feet, and already have been gratified in finding quantities of paying ore. Superintendent Toppy Johnson has on a force of men, and they are pushing a tunnel with great vigor to tap the ledge in the center of the northern end of the mountain. Foreman McComas thinks that they are about to cut the ledge, as the formation is more or less mineralized, assays from which give a result of $45. Three shifts will be put on the mine. A double compartment shaft will be started and work on the tunnel continued. A portion of the company's ground, called the Sheep's Nest, located on the I3th day of November, 1883, by Harry Daggs, is one of the best on Ben Nevis mountain. The company intend pushing work with the utmost vigor, and men from time to time will be init on as room is made for them. Developments will be made on this mine with as much rapidity as on the properties adjoining it.

Other Mines.

Silver Glance.

The Silver Glance mine, owned hy Dr. S. F. Gladwin and R. P. Elliott, is situate about five miles

Quijotoa Guide Book.

northeast of Logan City. It is a very promising mine. Surface or what is called cropping assays, gave $263.58 silver and $25 in gold per ton, certainly a splendid result. The ledge is visible the entire length of the claim, and wherever prospected has a remarkably fine showing. That it is a true fissure vein is quite apparent, and the sams one that extends on into the Brittle Silver, thence on through the Discover3\ The Silver Glance is now being worked, and with present indications the mine will doubtless prove to be one of the very best in all the Quijotoas. It joins the Brittle Butte, which in turn joins the Brittle Silver.

Discovery.

The Discovery mine is also owned by Dr. S. F, Gladwin and R. P. Elliott. It joins the Brittle Silver on the south. The ledge is not as prominent on the Discovery as on the Silver Glance, but it is, no doubt, covered up, as it lays on lower ground, similar to the Brittle Silver, which has not much surface indications, but it is turning out some wonderfully rich ore. The developments already made on that valuable property is very conclusive that the true fissure vein of the Silver Glance passes through the Brittle Silver on into and through the Discovery. It is predicted by good judges that the Discovery will also prove to be an excellent mine on account of its being located in the direct course of this remarkable vein.

Thk Spicer

Mine is about twelve miles north of Covered Wells, and two miles west of the Papago village of Santa Rosa. A prominent ledge crops on an isolated hill,

Quijotoa Guide Book.

near the foot of a slate and porphyry range, in which the Christmas Gift is situate, about ten miles further north. Croppings plainly show the whole length of the claim. In each of the eight places where it has been opened, it shows well. The ore is poly basic, carrying silver in many different forms, alsofree gold. The vein runsfrom southeast to northwest. The hill upon which the mine is located is an ancient Papago burying ground. Wells Spicer, of Tombstone, is the owner.

The Maher

Is a south extension of the Spicer, showing similar ore, and the Bright runs parallel on the east. A well has been dug in the bed of an arroyo, about two hundred feet from the mine, where plenty of water was found at eight feet. Wood is plenty, but there is no feed. The hill is supported by a heavy quartz ite dyke, and bears considerable resemblance to the Quijotoa. An assay of the galena ore by Mr. Walker gave $247 in silver; assays in gold from $17 down. All assays give considerable copper and lead. Much higher assays have been obtained from other varieties of rock. The mine is close to the new road from Quijotoa to Maricopa, and about forty-five miles from the latter place. Work is being pushed forward on the Maher mine, two shifts being kept at work. A cargo of ore has been sent to Casa Grande for sliipment, and there are about fifty sacks on the dump awaiting shipment. A large body of gray carbonates has come in sight.

Hale Fellow

Mine is owned by F, W. Wilman, and is 2,500 feet

north of the Peer. It shows a 2-foot ledge. The orestratas are from fifteen to eighteen inches wide. It joins the Mineral Bed, which latter joins the North Peer company's ground. Some beautiful gold speci-*" mens have been taken out. The croppings can be traced for three thousand feet, and are located by three claims, including the Hale Fellow. Assays run from $50 to $2,000 per ton in silver.

Silver Bullion

Was discovered from some rich float shown by a Papgo, and was located January 4, 1884, about three miles north-east of Covered Wells, by Edward J. Williams and Jasper Hilburn. The vein disclosed native siver and was from four to six inches wide. They took out $12,000 in a depth of 16 feet. The owners of the Silver Bullion shipped 938 pounds of ore to the Selby smelter, San Francisco, and received about $6,000 in return. The railroad company refused to accept the ore as freight, and compelled the owners to express it. At a depth of thirty feet the bonanza vein has disappeared in a body of chlorides. The main shaft is now down thirtytwo feet in fine ore, and has a pay streak of five inches of 30 per cent silver ore.

Hard Luck.

This mine is on the same vein as the Discovery, Brittle Silver, Brittle Butte and Silver Glance, and is about six miles north of Logan City. The ledge is about three feet wide. A 22-foot shaft is down, all the way in ore. The crop]rings assayed $5. The first assay down on the ledge went $75. Another assay,

Quijotoa Guide Book. 45

at a lower depth, went $333. The black metal in theore assays 82,900, and there is a good proportion of this. The ore is silver-bearing. Harrison Daggs, J. Randolph, E. J. Willkinis and J. A. Hilburn are the owners.

Brittle Silver.

This mine was discovered December, 1883, by Louis Ezekiels and John Dawson, five miles north of the Peer mine, on a flat between some foothills on east side of the Quijotoa mountains. The croppings were found on the west bank of an arroyo, and assayed at the grass roots $73.21 per ton in silver. A mill assay went $287.53 per ton in silver. Three assays averaged $2,078. Similar results were obtained on about two tons shipped to the smelter at Pueblo, Col. The vein for a part of the way down is not so rich as at the start, but at a depth of twenty -three feet has gradually opened into a 17-inch vein of chlorides, which is surrounded by rich ore and protected by a gouge from the hanging wall, which here for the first time shows itself Several cuts along the croppings of the vein show just as rich ore. Horn-silver is of frequent occurrence. This mine has paid from the start. Louis Ezekiels, John Dawson, S. H. Sondheim and K. Baum are the owners.

Casa Grande Chief

Lies to the south of and joins the Locomotive, and approaches close to the Peer, on the west side of the latter, and is owned by William Morrison and W. D, Smith. The ore is about the same character as the Locomotive. Mill assays of the whole ledge are said to go $130 in silver with strong traces of gold and

copper. The ledges run north and south the whole length of the claim. On this ground are great boulders, which have rolled from the top of Ben Nevis. Some of them are many feet high, and must weigh several tons. They all carry more or less ore. One small boulder, weighing some 1,500 pounds, was blown off the edge of the palisades by the bonanza locators last summer while they were prospecting and bounded oft' through space to its present abode. In October, 1883, S. A. Manlove broke oft' a piece of this boulder and grave it to W. A. Rickard for an assay. The result went $2,816.55. At this rate the boulder is worth $1,893, but at a fair estimate may be valued at $1,000. There is a. large cave on this claim which will hold twenty men standing..

Palo Verde

Joins the Cortez on the south. Its ore vein crops out along the north bank of an arroyo that runs up into the knob-shaped peak on which is the Cortez. A 12-foot shaft shows a six-foot vein of carbonates of lead and copper oxides carrying silver. This mine was located in 1881, and the time allowed to run out. It was relocated last summer wlien merit was found in the claims on Ben Nevis. Assays go $30 per ton in silver and 60 per cent. lead. Alexander McKay, W. C. Davis, A. Weldon, J. A. Roark and J. A. Buffner are the owners.

Quijotoa.

This mine is owned by H. B. Murray and C. H. Home. It is appropriately named, as it is located on the very apex of Quijotoa peak, from which the range of mountains and mining district take their names. It

Quijotoa Guide Book. 47

adjoins the Mountain Daisy on the north, a narrowstrip between it and the Crocker, and the Big Sunflower on the south. The biggest assays have been $700 per ton in silver. D. H. Crocker found on itf rocky bluflfs some $2,000 rock. A tunnel has been driven in twelve feet, at a depth of 500 feet below the summit.

Locc Motive

Was located May 3, 1883, by H. B. Murray, W. C Atkinson and C. H. Home, The last disposed of hi& undivided one-quarter interest in December, 1883, to Aaron Mason for $10,000. From the Peer mine there is a peculiar jut of high rocks which run out northwesterly from Ben Nevis, and terminate as abruptly as the mother mountain itself. At the base of the cliffs of this spur is the Locomotive. A vein has been opened along the base of the cliff. Twenty assays averaged $1,528 in silver and $45 gold. One piece went $8,000. The ore is sulphides, gray carbonates and horn-silver.

Chieftain

Mine is three miles west of Covered Wells, and is owned by J. Smith and M. Redding. The ore is a galena, rich in silver. The lowest assays went $87 per ton in silver and 75 per cent. lead.

Sunrise

Claim is one is one and a half miles east of Coveredl Wells and is owned by Chalmers Scott, George E, Gray and M. M. Bice. The crroppings are fine, and! the owners regard it as a first-class smelting proposition.

Hard Shell And Silver Aleck

Are owned by W. M. Haiiimerstrand, and have shafts thirty and forty feet deep. Eighty tons of ore are on the dump. Some of this will go $300 per ton in silver. These claims are near Covered Wells.

Boston

Ts situated at the south end of Quijotoa mountain, and :about throe fourths of a mile from the bonanza mines. 'The owners are Aaron Mason, Fred Adams, ]j. H. Crocker and A. Weldon. A. 20-foot shaft shows a solid ledge of carbonate ore three feet wide. iSixty tons of ore are on the dump. The main ledge lias bean traced and located fr a mile north of the Locomotive, and two miles south of the Quijotoa.

Edinburg

Is an extension of the Emma, and lies three miles north of the Peer mine. The ore is a carbonate, and assays $175 per ton in silver. John Lawrence, T. L. Stowe and J. L. Scott are the owners.

The Cortez

Adjoins the Palo Verde on the north and runs up on the top of a high, knob-shaped hill about two miles south of Quijotoa peak. It is owned by H. B, Murray and C. H. Home. The assessment work has developed a fair body of carbonates of silver running 50 per ton and 20 per cent, copper.

Star Of Bethlehem.

This claim lies upon the flat north of the Peer and is apparently upon the same ledge. Its ore is a

Quijotoa Guide Book. 49

gray carbonate of silver. Robert M. Howland & Co. are the proprietors. Two six-foot shafts have uncovered a fine vein.

Eastern Rose

Comes right out of the south end of the Quijotoa mine, and is owned by John Young. It shows good ore.

Stephens

Mine is about two miles south of Logan, near the Silver Vault. It has a t\vo-foot vein of lead carbonate and galena. Andrew Stephens, D. Shaw, John Younoand James Dumas are the locators.

Golden Rule

Mine is three miles north of Logan City, and is owned by B. C. Shane and C. M. Aitken. Assays of the croppings are given at $49 per ton in gold and $487 in silver.

Black Prince

Joins the Golden Rule, and is owned by Wilman & Johnson. The ore is a silver glance. They also have a claim called Silver Glance.

Brittle Butte

Was located by L. D. Chillson, J. C. Perry and others. It is on the came vein as the Brittle Silver and Silver Glance. Its surface croppings are strongly impregnated with iron oxides.

The Cosmopolitan.

Mine is three miles south of Covered Wells, and

is owned by George F. Meek, J, Madero, Frank Cobler and M. W, Perry. It was located by General Manuel Madero, and subsequently became the property of the above named parties. It has a 10 and a 12-foot shaft. The ore-vein is 22 inches wide. Assays average $60 per ton in silver and ten per cent, copper.

Chloride Camp.

This camp is situated near Covered Wells. S. G. Williams, writing to G. W. Baker, of Tucson, says: " Our mine here has improved beyond my expectations. We are down 30 feet, and have a 20-inch vein in the bottom filled with chloride, horn silver, sulphates, and malleable silver, nearly pure. Without any exception it is the finest vein of silver ore I ever saw. I think the ore on the dump will net us $5,000. The malleable silver is scattered through the rock so that it is impossible to make any approx imate guess on the ore. The bonanza folks were up to look at it, and took an average piece of the high grade, and it assays $6,000. A piece I sent to Mr. Ayrs went $11,000."

The Sunrise.

This is one of the last rich strikes made in the Quijotoas. The Sunrise mine is located about four miles north oftha Peer mine on the west side of the Quijotoa mountains. Assays, made from this mine go $7,935.49 gold and $824 silver. The ore is free milling. Pobert Canon and Ben Patt are the owners. They also own the rest of the same group as follows: Beecher, Garfield, Sunrise and Pearl. They have a force of men at work developing

the mine, and are piling the ore on the dump ah'eadv tor shipment abroad or to the first custom milh No mill assays of this ore have yet been made, but from the high character of the assays it is confidently expected that mill tests will be very satisfactor}',

North End.

Upon a survey of the Peer mine, in the Quijotoas, it was ascertained that there was surplus ground to the extent of about 1,100 feet within its north end line. This surplus had been located .by Messrs. Rutf. Allen and Lewis, under the name of the North End, and deeds were exchanged between the Peer mining com23any and the owners of the North End, settling boundaries. This claim commencing at the top of the mountain, at the Peer's north end line (as settled) extends down the mountain to the south line of the Mineral Bed claim, the original north end line of the Peer and being directly on the line of the large ore body of the Peer, is the onl}" portion of the north end of the mountain not owned by the Bonanza company. Its owners have refused several offers, and are holdmg for the bonanza developments to become farther advanced. It is a desirable propert3

Bilk.

Situated in the Quijotoa range, about five miles northwest of Quijotoa. Locators: Blackburn, Turner and Edson. Rich stephanite ore is being taken from a 10-foot shaft. A surface assay gave $89. There are two feet of rich ore at the bottom of

the shaft.

The Peacock.

This claim adjoins the Dover on the south, and is owned by H. B. Murray, C. H. Beckwith and Malachi Moran. The assessment work recently done has taken out some fine rock, which assa3s well in copper and silver.

The Silver Vault

Lies two miles south of Logan City, at the end of a short spur of hills that lun out southeasterly from the Otter Slide, on Ben Nevis. The mine has a showing of lead carbonates and galena, and is the property of George Seay, A. T. Geary and Ben Morton.

Lone Indian.

Louis E. Scholl, Joseph Deering and John Harr are the owners of this excellent prospect, which is about five miles north of Logan, and has a 2-foot vein that assays well in silver.

The Goodenough.

This is an excellent prospect at Hanson's camp, and is a side extension to the Silver Crown, which is the north extension of the Jersey Lily. The croppings are rich in galena that runs about $50 in silver. This mine has recently been bonded to a Tucson company, who propose to go to work immediately, and develop the mine. C. H. Vosburgh, Green Rusk, Henry Hanson and Doc Kodgers are the locators.

Majors And Southavest.

These two claims are extensions of the Peacock prospect in the Quijotoa mountains, and are the prop-

Quijotoa Guide Book. 53

of Messrs. John Young and Charles T. Connell. Both claims have good ore in the croppings. It is pr.opposed to soon commence work on them.

The Meikle

Miiie is situate about four miles northeast of <Quijotoa, in a syenite and porphyry formation. The ore is galena, carrying at the surface from $15 to $20 in silver. The ledge is 16 to 20 feet in width, and crops plainly the whole length of the claim. It as situate on what is known as the Horseshoe Bend. The owners are James Meikle, F. Broeman and Jas. JMatthews.

Kun Kan Mine.

Alexander McKay and M. J. Sullivan are the proprietors of this mine. It is in the Cababi mountains, about 18 miles east of Logan, and is close by the famous old Picacho mine. It is an old gold mine. The ore was worked in an arastra by Mexicans. There are 100 tons of ore on the dump, which assays $100 per ton in silver, and $25 to $33 in gold. The ore is free milling.

The Arizona Mine

Is a quarter of a mile from the Bonanza mine, near Covered Wells, and is owned by Peter Dunphy, and, like the California, has the same character of ore as the Bonanza. Several shafts down on an average of 7 feet show an abundance of ore that will average, it is said, $50 per ton in silver.

California.

This claim is owned by Peter Dunphy, and is tJjr£e-(qiiarters of a mile north of the Bonanza mine.

It shows a large body of ore of the same character as that in the Bonanza mine.

Mono,

Near Covered Wells, is owned by Messrs. Burns and Eyimar. The ore is a silver-copper glance that assays $141 per ton in silver and 44 per cent, copper.

King

Is located about seven miles north of the Peer, and shows a laroe, well developed ledge of carbonate ore. T. Strain, Campbell & Co. are the owners.

The Comobabi Mines.

The coming bonanzas outside of the Quijotoa group is, by knowing ones, said to be the Hercules, and Monarch mines, situate" on the western slope of the Comobabi mountains, owned by Messrs. Stahl, Smith and others. The ledge was discovered and located in January, 1884. The croppings are said to be enormous, and stand up in four immense chimnejs. The mine proper lies in porplwry, and is believed to be a true fissure of hornsilver and bromide ores. Men have been taking out ore. The extremely high grade will be shipped to Benson for reduction,, while that known in comparison with the first as second grade, is being stacked for future reduction. All the work thus far has been done on the intersecting line of the two claims, where the showing is said to be much similar to that of the Silver Kinof. Water is found in abundance within about three-fourths of* a mile of the claims. The owners have cut a wagon road from the Covered Wells to the claims with a view of hauling out ore, it being their intention to

Quijotoa Guide Book. 55

anake the mine pay for its own development. Considerable rock is beinof taken out that will averao-e $250 to the ton. Assays have been made that go as high as $8,000.

Bonanza.

This mine is owned by Messrs. Howe & Co., and is five miles north of Covered Wells. It was discevered in the summer of 1882. The ledge is visible for twenty feet in width. A fifty foot shaft is said to be all in ore. A cross-cut is being made. Assays have gone as high as $600 and $700 in silver and 3 per cent copper, and average $70. The ore is free milling, and gets better in character as it goes down. There are 150 tons of ore on the dump,

Mahar.

This mine is northwest of Covered Wells, and is owned by J. Jordan and John Meyers. Prospecting has developed a 30-inch vein that assays $30.05 per ton in silver and 5 per cent copper. The ore is free milling.

BLUE .JAY AND BANKEr's DAUGHTER.

These two claims lie just north of Logan city, and are owned by B. C. Shane, C. M. Aitken and William H. Perry. They run parallel with the Twilight mine.

Jersey Lily

Is the center of a group of claims in the Horseshoe Bend, four miles north of Logan. A. H. Hanson and C. H. Fry, are the locators. It exhibits a threefoot vein of carbonates and petanque which are said to go high. Assays are reported from $100 per ton in silver up. A deed was recently placed on record

for a sale of one-sixth of an undivided half interest for $15,000 in this claim. Fry sold his undivided half for $5,000. All who have seen the Jersey Lily ledge pronounce it to be one of the choicest claim!? off Ben Nevis. The Silver Crown is the north extension to the Jersey, and upon the same ledge. The Goodenough is a north side extension of the Silver Crown. The croppings show galena. The Valley and Padre's Dream adjoin the Silver Crown on the south. The Padre's Dream has a good showing of mineral.

GAH-KOTKH 1 and 2

Are the first and second extensions east of the Jer- Lily, and have produced as high as $90 rock. It has a 20-foot shaft in a quartzite ledge, which runs through 'placer ground, Chas. R. Wores, B. A. Stephens, Ed. P. Fish and C. H. Vosburgh are the locators.

Great Republic

Grouplies in the Artis hills about twenty miles southeast of Quijotoa, and is generally known as the Armstrong Camp. The ore is a chloride and perfectly free milling. Five assays made by W. B. Walker, gave the following results: $304.84; $153.99; $452.53; $271. 32, and $590.80, average, $350 per ton in silver. Messrs. Lyons and David Armstrong are the locators.

The Placers.

Scattered along in the gulches of the Quijotoa mountains are placer grounds, which are full of holes, that go down to the cement a depth of ten to fifty feet. Local tradition says they were worked by the

Quijotoa Guide Book.

Mexicans from 1774, to the breaking out of the California excitement in 1849. Padre Manuel Lopez is said to have utilized the docile Papagos for this purpose. It is said that the red colored soil of these placers will average $5 per ton. The lack of water at present renders them worthless. It is not known where the Mexicans procured water to work them as much as they did, but it is very probable that the Mexican batella was kept going by water the Papago squaws brought from the tanks in the . valley*. The placer grounds have been located by quite a number, some of whom propose to keep them till a water supply is obtained from wells. Messrs. Hibbard, Casanega and Phy have brought out a dry-washer from Tucson, and propose testing its efficiency on the dirt. On account of the recent continued wet weather they have been unable to work their machine, as the proper conditions require the soil to be perfectly dry. The dirt is thrown into a hopper, and discharged into a series of shaking sieves. A bellows blows away the coarse particles of dust, while the gold falls below. In some instances these machines have been known to pay as high as §40 per day, requiring only the labor of two men. The success of this machine in these placers is being looked forward to by a great many with hopefulness. If it does succeed, there will be many hundred acres of placer ground worked over before the next rainy season sets in. The Quijotoa placers in all probably cover 100 square miles.

Papago Chief

Js about three miles north of the Peer mine and on the wept side of the Quijotoas, but ten miles by wagon

road. The rock assays from $80 to $1000 per ton silver. There is said to be two well defined ledges on the Papago Chief, each about two hundred feet wide, and in addition report says the entire hill is a mass of silver bearing quartz. The company has a good frame building and complete assaying apparatus. A well, 105 feet deep, affords sufficient water. F. W. Voll, of San Francisco, is supei'intendent. A large amount of work is being done on this mine. The ore is free milling.

Silver Chief

Is in Horshoe Bend, and is owned by Tom Fitch, W. B. Horton, Hugh Farley, Seli.ii Franklin and C. H, Vos burgh. The principal value of this claim is its great quantity of low grade ore, which assays on an average of $35 per ton in silver. It is a free milling proposition.

Boss Racket

Is located in the South Mountain, and is owned by W. E. Steele and others. The ore is a carbonate. Two assays went $53.42 and $61.27 per ton in silver.

Mine is near Covered Wells, and is now owned by Dr. J. B. Grady, of Logan City, who bought out the interest of disagreeing partners. There is a 15-foot shaft down on a ledge with a 17-inch pay streak of rich chlorides, which assays $496 per ton in silver and 35 per cent lead. There are three tons on the dump.

Winnifred

Is on a parallel ledge to the Cosmopolitan, about five miles north of Logan. The ore is a free-millions; car-

Quijotoa Guide Book. 59

bonate. Assays average $35 per ton. Selected lots go $500. Louis E/ekiels, B. A. Stephens, John Dawson and others are the owners.

Papago Placer

Is in the valley about two and a half miles north oi west of Logan City. Besides the pay dirt, the cement assays $40 in gold. Charles B. Wores, Charles Bansom and B. A, Stephens are the owners.

Rice Group.

M. M. Bice owns a group of claims near Covered Wells. They are called the Barnell, Bapago Maid and Ada C, and join the Silver Aleck. The ore is free milling and a chloride.

Mountain Chief

Is an old Mexican mine in the Cababi mountains, fifteen miles southeast of the old Bicacho mine. The workings are down 120 feet, and are stoped out on either side fifty feet on the vein, which is from six inches to three feet, with an average Avidth of two and a half feet. The croppings are visible for 1,500 feet. The dump has twenty-five tons of ore that will average $75 per ton in silver. The vein assays from $4.71 to $223.26. A general assay is $68.80 in silver and $5 gold. Five picked tons on the dump will go $250 per ton in silver.

La Cumprie

Mine is in Horseshoe Bend, four and half miles north of Logan City, and is owned by Nazario Ortez and George Wiley Brown. Its ore is of the same general character as the rest in the neighborhood, being a sufficiently high grade petanque to pay for working.

Indian Chief Co.

Was incorporated in San Francisco in March, 1884, to operate in mines in Quijotoa. The capital stock is $1,000,000, divided into 100,000 shares at $10 per share. The board of directors are: George Cuniniing, S. S. Dolliver, C. E. McNear, Andrew Weeks and J. M. Buffiington.

Ascejscion

Mine is two and a half miles south of Covered Wells, and is owned by A. G. Buttner. It has a large vein, carrying silver. The Independence mine has the same owner, and averages $50, silver,

A Valuable Group.

Three miles north of the Peer mine, on the west side of the Quijotoa mountains, is a group of mines owned by George T. Martin, L. F. Rowell, Alexander Campbell, J. B. Hume and J. E. Walker. The ore is free milling. Average assays are about $100 in gold and silver. The claims are known as the Emma, Lulu, Smith and Thistle. Assays from this group have gone from $1,800 into the thousands.

Silver Queen And Red Slate

Are in the Arties mountains. Those two mines are being systematically developed by their owners, Messrs. Rebhun, Glenn, Ikenberg and Norynian. There are several shafts on these mines that vary from fourteen to twenty-eight feet in depth. The vein is six feet in width, and is well mineralized.

Mica Slate Range.

The Spicer district, which covers the Mica Slate range, is about seventeen miles distant from Quijotoa.

Quijotoa Guide Book. 61

Among the most promising properties located thereare the Spicer claim, Silver Jim, Louisa Byron, Hidden Treasure and the Mahar. From the latter claim ore assaying $900 to the ton is being shipped. A shaft is now being sunk on the Silver Jim, which assays $250 per ton.

Silver Wave.

M. L. Wurtz is one of the owners of the Silver Wave mine, in the Arties mountains. They are nowdown on the property about fifteen feet, with a 2-foot vein of good ore. Development work is being done all through the district, and the mines are looking well. David Armstrong is shipping ore from one of his claims.

Fernandez

Mine is in the Cababi mountains, east of Quijotoa, and was formerly owned by Messrs. Hill De Armitt and George A. Brown, of Florence, Arizona. It subsequently became the property of Aaron Mason, who in turn sold it to James Edward & Co., of St. Louis,. Mo. Mr. Edwards incorporated the company in St. Louis, and all stock reserved for a working capital has been sold. The property has been developed to a considerable extent, and it is said there is $10,000 dollars' worth of ore on the dump.

The Saragossa

Was discovered in June, 1882, by Phil Garcia and E. Burruola. It subsequently became the property of Mr. Garcia and C. C. Stephens. It is located about thirty-seven miles southwest of Tucson, on the westerly slope of the Sierritas. Its ores are copper glance.

carrying silver, sulphurets and chlorides, copper oxides and carbonates, carrying some free gold. Assays as as high as $1,100 per ton silver and 61 per cent copper have been taken from the vein. About 200 tons of ore are on the dump, averaging 19 per cent copper, seventy ounces silver and $1.50 gold. The shaft is down forty feet, all in ore. Fifty feet of the ledge has been stripped, southerly from the shaft, eighteen feet deep, all in ore. The gangue is quartz, etc., well defined. No footwall has yet been found. The hangingwall is well defined, and consists chiefly of talcose-slate. The ledge is in place and well defined. The conformation is predominantly porphyritic. The owners are confident that they have in the Saragossa one of the v€oming bullion producers of the Territory.

San Francisco.

The San Francisco group of claims, in South Quijotoa mountain, are owned by J. E. Johnson, L. H. Newton and I)ana Harmon. The ledge is from 4 to 10 feet wide. The croppings are 100 feet high, .and the ore shute is 100 feet long. The group is on ithe extreme south point of the mountain, facing the valley towards Mexico. The ore is black sulphates and silver glance. Assays go from $31 to $1,300 per ton in silver. The ore thus far gets richer as it goes down.

Cababi.

The Cababi Consolidated Mining Company owns the following group of mines: Grand Prize, First Prize, Littlefield, Little Monarch and Petanke. The company's office is 202 South Fourth street, Philajdefphia, Pa. Chas. P. Drake, of Tucson, is the resident

Quijotoa Guide Book. 65

agent tor Arizona. The mines are located 15 miles south of the old Picacho mine, and are said to have a fair showing of mineral.

Murray

Mine on the west of Ben Nevis, owned by H. B.

Murray, Phelps and C. H. Horn, adjoins Aaron

Mason's Emerald mine on the south. It assays welL in both silver and copper.

Water.

The first water supplies were brought from Covered Wells, distant 12 miles by wagon road, and the Indian trails, and the west-side wells. The Logaii well now affords plenty. The Bonanza company, at a depth of 452 feet, five miles east of Logan, found an abundance. A company has been organized to> pipe water from Baboquivari. There will be no lack of water.

Wood.

The mesquite furnishes the best of wood-fueL The supply is inexhaustible. The palo verde also exists in unlimited quantities. Wood is delivered at $5 per cord.

Transportation.

At present the majority of freight goes front Tucson to Quijotoa at a cost of from 1 to 2 cents per pound. A considerable quantity is also hauled fronii Casa Grande. When the mills shall begin to run fares and freights will justify the building of a noj.- xow gauge railroad from Tucson.

Quijotoa Guide Book.

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Quijotoa Guide Book. 65

The Townsites.

Logan City.

With the discovery of the mines on Ben Nevis last summer the Logan brothers (J. T. and W. R.) commenced digging a well on the east side, and as this is a favorable location a little camp began to grow. General Allen, now on the west side, first located here, but afterwards sold his lumber and fixtures to W. C. Davis, who also assisted in digging the well, which at the time of the sale was down 110 feet. A location of seven mining claims was made August 4, 1883, by W. R.JJand J. T. Logan, and J. H. Shotwell. The Losfan City townsite was surveyed thereon byGeorge J.jRoskruge. The owners have leased lots for temporary occupation. Streets running east and west are 66 feet wide; those running north and south are fifty feet wide. Alleys, twenty feet wide, run Qiist and west through each block. The blocks are 300x260 fest. Lots are 30x100 feet and 30x120 feet. The townsite embraces half a square mile, and is situated on the eastern slope of Ben Nevis, and consequently has the finest drainage of any town on the Pacific coast. The princijial streets are cleared of brush. In January, J. M. Quiggle took personal supervision of the boring of Logan well. April 8, 1884, water was found in abundance at a depth of 452 feet. The well had been sunk through a hard, flinty formation.

The history of Logan embraces an account of the "boom." In December last, after the sale, people began flocking in and purchasing lots. The first few

6G Quijotoa Guide Book.

sale sbrought $250 per lot. Six weeks after the same lots commanded $750 and $1,000, making it a paradise for real estate dealers. People were warned against the *'rush." W. H. Patton, the general superintendent, announced through interviews in the local papers that the companies would not be prepared to employ labor for six months or a year to come, and these interviews were reproduced by the Pacific press generally. Mr. Patton represented that the companies intended to first prospect the interior of the mountain by tunneling, and that the wood, water and transportation questions must also be settled before they could justly employ any large force of men. Although the press disseminated this information abroad it had little or no influence with a large, ununthinking mass, who swarmed in at the rate of twenty to fifty per day till within six weeks after the sale there were over seven hundred laboring men in Logan, and without employment. The saloons were full of idle men from day to day. They had heard that Mackay and Flood had purchased the Quijotoa mines at a bio;- fioure, and that was sufficient cause for them to come. Privation forced the majority to seek other fields that gave promise of more immediate remuneration. Some remained and prospected, and have good claims. The result of the exodus has caused a temporary lull.

Meanwhile, Logan and New Virginia have built up into a solid mining camp. Logan avenue, which emerges into Main street in New Virginia, embraces three-quarters of a mile of finely-built one-story wooden houses, including half a dozen good-sized adobes. Messrs. Teitsworth & Ruftner have built an

adobe store, the second story of which is a lodge hall for Masons, Odd Fellows, Pythians, etc. The adobes made here are of a j)ecuHar red earth that is ot tirstclass material. At present there are nearly two hundred houses in cauij), includinjj the four adjoining townsites, and building has not slacked from the first. Every day sees the foundation of a new house laid. Living is as cheap in Quijotoa as in any other place in Arizona. Meals are from 25 cents to 50 cents, and and drinks 12: cents. Water is brought from Covered Wells and the west side of the mountains. The Papagos supply milk and hay abundantly. Wood is to be had for the cutting, and costs, delivered, about $5 per cord. Wild game, such as the mountain sheep, antelope, quail, rabbit, and the mammoth buro-deer, are abundant. The health of the camp is excellent, and the one physician, Dr. J. B. Grady, late of San Diego, Cal., but fornierly of Philadelphia, who has been there from the first, has had more time to devote to mines than to materia medica. The order of the camp has been perfect. A few "rustlers," who came in to spy out the land, were at the first given to understand that the Logan townsite was at too high an elevation for their health. The first offender was corralled by that brave officer, Thomas D. Casanega, deputy sheriff. J. T. Griffith, justice of the peace, administered an allopathic dose of law, and for want of a jail the prisoner was chained to a ]>alo verde all night till the departing stage the next morning took him to Tucson.

In February, 1884, Mr. Harry Brook, formerly connected with the Pinal Drill and San Francisco Wasp, began the pul)lieation of the Quijotoa Prospector

, which has attained a good circulation, and is a faithful chronicler of Quijotoa history.

Among the first to put up a neat business house on Logan avenue was J. S. Mansfeld, the pioneer newsdealer of Arizona, and thus offered the new camp as complete a repository of literature as can be found in the cities of centuries in growth. The newest books and leading periodicals on news, commerce, mining, manufacture, science, etc., are to be found on his counters. Mr. Mansfeld was a former resident of the Comstock, and came to Tucson in 1870, and has built up a business that fully and satisfactorily fills the growing field. In February, 1884, Alfred Goldschmidt entered into partnership with him in the branch store at Quijotoa.

C. S. Shotwell, who was the pioneer of Galeyville, was also among the first here and has an excel-

Hon. Douglass Snyder, member of the Legislature from Pima county, was one of the first to plant his tabernacles in Quijotoa. His store has a large stock of general merchandise. The office of the Arizona telegraph compan}' is at his place. Mr. Snyder also has commercial interests at Tucson.

NEW VIRCxINIA.

December, 1884, the New Virginia Townsite Company took up their present townsite, which embraces a quarter section immediately adjoining Logan Cit}' on the east, and is on the lower portion of the eastern slope of the Quijotoa Mountain. The company consists of U. Johnson, manager; J. R. Hayter, assistant manager; Nixon Palmer, A. J. Frazer, E.

Quijotoa Guide Book. 69

W„ 13obbs, and Isidor Meyer. The town has fifty-six tblocks. Each block has a fourteen-foot alley running north and south. The streets are all of the even Nwidith of eighty feet. Those running north and south iar<3 (Called after the letters of the alphabet. Those iru.imiiiig .-east and west are numbered. The principal streets have been cleared of the luxuriant growth of inaJtive brush, which pioved the fertility of the soil. Xote .running north and south are 30x100 feet, and tthose running east and west are 30x120 feet. The itowmsite company have a fine wooden office on Third :street, where either Mr. Johnson or Mr. Hayter, an ;attoriiey at law, can always be found, ready to show itke visitor their plats and take him over their grounds. 'jNew '''irginia is already a lively town, having a fair ;share of stores, saloons, nearly all the blacksmith ;shops, bakeries, corrals and hotels. Here, on the cornier <?)f Main and A streets, is the lumber yard of the jVrizona and California Lumber Company, with F. H. Mason as general manager. The postofifice for all tthe Quijotoas has also been located at this spot by the lUnited States, under the name of Quijotoa, with F. JV. Stevens as postmaster. A daily mail service from 'Tucson went into efiPect April 15, 1884, with B. Robles, |3ropriet0r of a line of stages, as contractor. Mr, Robles had previously the contract for a weekly mail ito Gunsight, which he still continues. New Virginia ;also boasts of a first-class billiard room, I. A. Rose, iproprietor, Harry Newton also has a large corral 100x1 aetfeet, kept by Knox & Seay. Frazer's "Headiquarters saloon" is the place where spiritual refreshmient is dealt out to the inner man, with Mr. Plummer ;as iiiiyioJoist. John Campbell, Ir. Walker and others

are building large adobe structures. P. Gautriaud has; a fine stock of groceries.

Everybody in Arizona knows "Toppy" Johnson the tovvnsite company's manager. He is also superintendent of the North Peer company, and is racing; with Hank Smith after the bonanza vein. Toppy has; a curiosity, which he exhibits with botanical pride to every newcomer to the townsite. It is a prodigy, whichi takes equal rank with the Siamese twins, Carolina, nightingales or the two-headed calf. A few hundred! yards to the northeast of the company's office there; is an ironwood tree, a species of very hard wood! of a growth peculiar to Arizona. About two feet above the ground a prickly pear cactus comes out of trunk of the aforesaid ironwood tree, and adds itsi sections one above another till the stout arborial arms-; reach underneath its upper stories and bear them proudly aloft in the air. To see is to beheve, is ani axiom peculiarly applicable in this case. The oldl story about successfully grafting grapevines on cactus-? may be true, after all. The traveler to New Virginiai should not fail to see this wonderful vegetable curiosity.

For further information about this townsite see' their advertisement. Business and real estate arev lively in New Virginia. The Tucson stages first reachi here of an evening, and leave here last of a morning .

Virginia City And Brooklyn.

These two townsites adjoin Logan and New- Virginia respectively on the south and north, as showm in the townsite plats. W. J. Doherty, W. R. Gleasom and L. D. Chillson are the proprietors. The lots and

Quijotoa Guide Book. 71

streets correspond in size with the other townsites. Brooklyn, which lies to the north of Logan and New Virginia, is composed of 159 acres, owing to its peculiar junction with the other townsites, while Virginia, on the south, contains the full 160 acres. Both of these townsites are desirable locations. It is expected that the stamp mills and reduction works of the bonanza companies may possibly be erected in Virginia City, and that also it may be the terminus of a railroad built from Tucson; bright hopes lor a young municipality, which it will injure no one and benefit many to be not long deferred. The drainage is ex- 'Cellent in both of these townsites, and no fear of "mountain," "miner" or "malarial" fevers need aftlict the residents. Mr. L. D. Chillson, United States mineral surveyor, is on the ground with a force of labor, clearing stiects and improving the townsite as ;rapidly as possible. Virginia City has plenty of room to enlarge. Within its fertile environs the palo verde and mesquite attain a goodly size. Beneath their pleasant shades the traveler finds cool refreshment from the summer's sun, while upward is to be seen the ribs and rocks of Ben Nevis, with his silverplumed helmet. To the east the gigantic form of Baboquivari peak rears its inaccessible summit high into the heavens. Virginia City is beautifully located.

QUlJOTOA CITY.

This townsite is laid out on the west side of the bo- '.nanza mountain and is owned by Charles H. Beckwith and George L. Rognon. The agent in Logan City is J. M, Dessart. There are four wells, in and

around this place, which have water. The wells are> 30, 35, 81 arid|105feet deep respectively. From one of them sixteen barrels per day are hauled arouiidl through the south pass to Logan City, a distance of six miles. The 1 05-foot well was recently dug by General J. B. Allen, and has an abundant water supply. He proposes to sink this well still deeper. At present there are but half a dozen houses and a few tentson the west side. The boom started on the east sidebecause of its nearness to Tucson, but will eventually come this far. The most ot the bonanza's claims are here. The townsite is excellent. A laro;e number of men will be employed in working the mines, and' here is where they will live as it is nearer their work.. Hence, there is bound to be quite a town on "Allen's side," as it is popularly called.

General J. B. Allen, or "Pi" Allen, as he is better known, is a pioneer of Arizona and a native of the state of Maine and is now sixty-six years old; and is hale and hearty. His eye-sight is undimmed and his strength has not failed. He was a resident of Tucson for twenty-two years. Six years he Territorial treasurer, during which time he also acted as auditor,and left the Territory only three hundred dollars in debt. In 1868, he built the first steam flour mill in Altar, Sonora, which yet runs. He early emigrated to California, and was once owner of a large ranch at Old Gilroy, and has been the pioneer of Tombstone, Bisbee, Gunsight and Quijotoa City, His hotel sets one of the finest tables, and his bar contains choice liquors. His theory is that in Southern Arizona water is found on the western slopes, citing the Chiricahua, Dragoon, Whetstone, Santa Rita

Quijotoa Guide Book.

and Baboquivari mountains as examples. Accordingly he selected the west side of the Quijotoas as his hotel site, and it seems he has not been mistaken. No traveler, who visits here, should fail of going over to "Pie" Allen's camp. A horse trail leads around the north end of Ben Nevis; distance, three miles; or a wagon road goes through south pass; distance, six miles. The scenery on this side is worth viewing. To the southwest are the Nariz (nose) mountains where the Nariz Papagos live. West of Ben Nevis, in the fiir distance, appear the Gunsight and Ajo ranges. The intervening space is covered with cactus and greasewood.

Arizona Telegraph Company.

Recognizing the necessity of Quijotoa having electric communication with the outside world, Messrs. James H. Toole, Charles R. Drake, Don A. Sanford, Robert E. Kearon, Samuel Hughes, T. L. Stiles and Maisch & Driscoll, all of Tucson, in January, 1884, incorporated the Arizona Telegraph Company, an opposition compan} having monopolized the desirable title of Quijotoa. A contract was let to R. A. Starr and J. A. Biowder, who immediately began the work of construction, and finished April 2, 1884. The poles and wire are the same as used by the Western Union. The line leaves Tucson at the foot of Congress street, crosses the bottoms of the Santa Cruz river to the west, passes north of Warner's mill over a low hill, and through the pass between Sentinel peak and Fort hill; thence over some low hills through Boulder or Browder pass into the Papago valley.

Quijotoa Guide Book.

Thence it runs straight to Coyote pass southwesterly, and thence goes across the Coyote valley to the Comobabi mountains. From the Indian village the line scarcely changes its direction. Its Quijotoa office is in the store of Hon. IJouglass Snyder. Commercial messages are ten words for 50 cents; press rates cents per word in sums not less than 50 cents. Already the line has paid expenses. The cost of construction Was $1 6,000. The length uf wire is 72 miles. The Tucson office for the present is at 18 Congress street. The officers of the company are: J. H. Toole, president; 1). A. Sanford, vice-president; R. E. Kearon, secretary; Chas. R. Drake, treasurer; and Messrs. Toole, Sanford, Drake, Driscoll, Stiles and Kearon, directors.

The Proposed Workings.

By J. D. Power.

"Of the bonanza camp of Quijotoa so much of a desultory descriptive nature has been alreadypublished that it would just now seem a superfluity to refer to it, except in general terms, or do more than illustrate the workings on the hill. On the annexed diagram are shown the lines of the present and proposed development, with those now under way toward the lode, which will form connecting links in and through the lode with each of the tunnels, whose name, number, depth below out-crop of lode, and distance driven into the hill are given on the diagram and reproduced as follows: Peerless tunnel. No. 1, east side of hill, 450 feet, vertical, below apex of clift', and driven 138 feet; Peerless No. 2, west side of hill, 200 feet below sum-

Winze, 450 feet.

O H O

o

a

Winzp. 400 ft.

Z

p

-a

Is

o

s

- y

e

?

niit, and driven 129 feet in; Peer tunnel, No. 3, west side of hill, 400 feet (own on slope and driven 123 feet toward the lode; Crocker tunnel, No. 4, east side of hill, 250 feet below crest and 120 feet in, and the horse-mouth cut, No. 5, or rather adit on the lode, north face of mountain, at a point 150 feet down its slope, and 25 feet in fine ore, at present writing. Four of the above are lateral intersecting-tunnels, and the fifth is a lineal one driven on the lode, and in addition to these there is a winze on the top of the hill now over 80 feet deep in phenomenally rich ore, and being driven downward to intersect Peerless tunnel No. 1, at a point between the latter and Crocker tunnel No. 4, Let the reader draw upon his imagination, and he will have the mountain 1,250 feet vertically from base to apex presented to his mind, as viewed from the east side.

"In the diagram are also shown the course and distances of the proposed internal winze, upraise and drift connections, whose united distances approximate to 3,300 feet, and to the early completion of these proposed connections, to give air and facilitate economical exploration, the bonanza compan} will devote its energies under the direction of Superintendent Hank Smith. For several days quite recently the writer subjected Mount Quijotoa and its surroundings to a careful personal examination, and from what came under his observation he has drawn deductions that promise a long and prosperous life to mining in the Quijotoa country The structure and geological characteristics of Mount Quijotoa strongly favor this conclusion, and assure the presence and permanent descent of large and rich ore bodies in

Quijotoa Guide Book. 77

more or less broken continuity to profound cleptps. But should the future prove otherwise then a fig for analogical reasoning, "indications," and for the lessons of practical experience. Upon these, and upon the teachings of geology and mineralogy, but chiefly upon the three former, are capable mining operators and honest experts wont to predicate their judgments of the value of mining ventures of the character of those inaugurated on the flanks and crown of Mount Quijotoa. It was apon them that Mr. Lyle, president of the Crocker company, based his opinion of their value for a mining proposition of magnitude when he firstsaw the outcroppings and the ore from them,

In Conclusion,

It is as well to remark that the merest tyro in the art of mining is competent to tolerably and accurately judge of how long it will take to complete the proposed connections shown on the diagram elsewhere alluded to, and not until these are well under way will the real boom take place at Quijotoa; but it is sure to come."

Covered Wells.

This is an important mining center 8 miles north of Logan, and is a good chloride camp. Three wells here furnish a great quantity of water. A townsite has been laid out here and is owned by M. M. Rice M. Redding, J. M. Kinley, R. D. Ferguson and M. J. Walsh.

The Routes.

The Southern Pacific railroad, from Yuma to

San Simon, is the "great artery of travel" through Southern Arizona. A wagon load has been marked out from Maricopa, due 70 miles north of Quijotoa. A tri-weekly line of stages is running from Casa Grande, due 63 miles northeast of Quijotoa. 'Tucson ia almost due east of Quijotoa miles. These figures are taken from the maps in the Surveyor G( neral's office.

Two lines of stages leave Tucson for Quijotoa every day, includmg Sundays, at 7 a. m.; fare, $10 and $8. Both make the trip in eleven hours. The relay stations are to be seen in the map. The distances on the stao-e road are:

Miles.

Tucson to Aguirre's 13

Aguirre to Bowley 14

Bowley to Dobbs 11

Dobbs to Quinlin 8

Quinlin to Haynes 12

Huynes to Quijotoa 18

Total 76

From Tucson the road leads out past beautiful Silver Lake, with its magnificent new two-story wooden hotel. Then it plunges into the dark woods of the San Xavier reservation. A little ways beyond the ruins of an old Mexican smelter, the road emerges from the mesquite forests, and passes out between some low hills into Papago valley. To the left can be seen the old San Xavier church, with its gray walls rising in the distance. At Aguirre's station, which is a dry camp, horses are changed. Straight across the valley is Bowley station, an eating station that gives a good meal. Near by is Bobles',

Quijotoa Guide Book. 79

or Spanish ranch. To the south Baboquivari peak is a prominent landmark. The Papaga valley is level as a floor. The road all the way ta Quijotoa is magnificent. From Bowley's the road leads up and around through Coyote Pass to Dobbs', or the Half- Way House. Dinner is taken here on the return, and it is always a good one. E. W. Dobbs is proprietor. From Dobbs' the road leads around the skirts of the hills past the Papago village of Coyote to Quinlin's, a relay and water station. Thence the road goes straight across Cojote valley to the Comobabi mountairis, which it crosses at an Indian village. From Haynes' well, at the western base, the road goes almost straight across Santa Rosa valley to Quijotoa. From the Comobabi the first glimpse of Ben Nevis, in all its greatness, is to be had, with Logan and New Virginia nestling on its side.

Casa Grande.

The distances on the stage route from Casa Grande to Quijotoa are about as follows: Casa Grande to Loss' station, 15 miles; to Jack Rabbit, 10; to Half-Way House, 7; to Misers, 25; to Logan, total, 65 miles. It is an easy, good and smooth road.

The Phenix And Quijotoa Road.

The route of the new road from Logan City,. Quijotoa, to Maricopa, on the Southern. Pacific railroad, is as follows: Turning off about one and one-half miles east of Logan around point of mountain to the north and going in a northerly direction 1 7 miles to- Santa Rosa village. The Santa Rosa tank lies one mile east of the road, with plain wagon track to it.

and is marked by a guide board. Thence north 4 miles there is another tank, about 100 yards east of the road, which is marked by a guide board. Thence north 13 miles to a point opposite the Christmas Gift mine there is a tank one mile east of the road. Another large tank miles east of the road is marked by a guide board. Thence 3 miles north to Woodward & Wilson's well, now being sunk. Thence in a northerly direction 23 miles to Maricopa station on the Southern Pacific railroad. This road lies across a mesa country and will not be subject to overflows during rainy weather. It has now been chained throughout its length and open for travel, being well marked with guide boards.

Lincoln Fowler, for committee of Phenix and Quijotoa road.

Wm. Kuff, J. M. Gregory, A. Golding, Committee.

Notes.

As an evidence of the thoroughness with which the Quijotoa mming oistrict is being prospecced, it niav be mentioned that somethinof over 1,500 location notices have been filed within the past six months. While some of these are merely "ground" locations, it is reasonable to believe that a large majority have a fair showing of mineral.

At present there are no mills or smelters in the district. The bonanza companies will put up mills as soon as the requisite amount of water is obtained. There is a rich field for a custom mill or smelter at Covered Wells. Hundreds of small claims in the immediate vicinity can easily furnish an unlimited

Quijotoa Guide Book.

amount, of ore. It is generally believed that a mill and concentrator will do better. Many of these mines are now being worked. The high grade ore ($400 to $1,000 rock) is beino; shipped to the different smelters, while the low grade ($300 to $50) is dumped for future work at the mines.

The bringing of water from Baboquivari will cause the placers to be worked, which will make a bigger and more gratifying excitement than Coeur d' Alene. Some beautiful specimens have been brought from the placers.

Patent Your Mines.

The actual cost of obtaining a United States patent to a mine in Pima county is $360. This includes everything, The law prescribes that $500 worth of improvements shall have been expended on a claim before a patent can be granted. We venture to say that there are more than 500 claims in this county on which the necessary amount of work has been expended, and yet it never enters the owner's head to apply for a patent.

Year after year they will pay out $100 in assessment work on each claim, often leaving this to be done by sharpers, who will "coyote" on the claim and dig holes where it can be done with the least exertion. Thousands of dollars are yearly wasted in this wa3 It takes skill, systematic work and good judgment to show up a claim to advantage, and it is only in exceptional cases that assessment work will accomplish this. When a patent is issued to a claim, the owner can work his mine or not work it, to

suit his convenience. There is another feature which must not belost sii>ht of. Blackniaihn<jf suits are impossible against a patented mine. The boundaries being clearly|defined, rich developments will not give professional blackmailers a chance to exercise their cunning and prevent an advantageous sale.

A man who gets a patent to his claim shows the world that he has faith in his property. Capitalists do not often'understand the nature of possessory titles. They do not want to have a tumble-down pile of rocks called a monument, with a tin can containing a notice of location, to mark the boundaries of a property for which they are expected to pay a large sum of money.

If our mine owners knew their own interests, they would avail themselves of our liberal patent laws and become absolute owners of their claims. — Tucson Index.

The Lien Law Of Arizona.

An Act to establish certain liens for salaries and wages.

Be it enacted by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Arizona:

Section 1. In all assignments of pro[)erty made by any person to trustee or assignees on account of the inability of the person, at the time of the assignment, to pay his debt, or in proceedings in insolvency, the wages of the miners, mechanics, salesman, servants, clerks or laborer employed by such persons to the amount of two hundred dollars each, and fir services rendered within sixty daj's previously, are preferred

claims and must be paid by such trustees or assignees before any other creditor or creditors or the assignors.

Sec. 2. In case of the death of any employer the wages of each miner, mechanic, salesman, clerk, servant and laborer for services rendered within the sixty days next preceding the death of the employer, not exceeding two hundred dollars, rank in ])riority next after the funeral expenses, expenses of the last sickness, the charges and expenses of the administering upon the estate and the allowance to the widow and infant children, and must be paid before any other clai.ns against the estate of tlie deceased person.

Sec. 8. In cases of execution, attachments, and Avrits of a similar nature, issued against any person, except for claims for labor done, any miners, mechanics, salesmen, servants, clerks and laborers who have claims against the defendant for labor done, may give notice of their claims and the amounts thereof, sworn to by the person making the claim to the creditor, and the officer executing either of such writs at anv time before the actual sale of property levied on; and unless such claim is disputed by the debtor or a creditor, such officer must pay such person out of the proceeds of the sale the amount each is entitled to receive for services rendered within sixty days next preceding the levy of the writ not exceeding two hundred dollars. If any or all of the claims so presented and claiming preference under this section are disputed by either a debtor or a creditor, the person presenting the same must commence an action within ten da3s for the recovery thereof, and must prosecute his action with due diligence, or be forever barred from

e

Quijotoa Guide Book.

any claim of priority of payment thereof; and the officer shall retain possession ot so much of the proceeds of the sale as ma}' be necessary to satisfy such claim until the determination of such action: and in case such judpuient be had for the claim or any part thereof, carrying costs, the costs taxable therein shall likewise be a preferred claim, witli the same rank as the original claim.

8ec. 4. All acts in conflict v.ila tlio provisions of this act arc hereby repealed.

Sec. 5. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage.

Approved February 17, ISS'l.

The Blue Jay Mine.

This mine is located in a spur of the Santa Ritas, on the north side of the ridge, and about twenty-five miles southeasterly from Tucson.

The property is owned by the Mineral Mountain Mining Company, organized under the laws of the State of Iowa, capitalized at 100,000 shares, par value, $20. Officers, B. F. Karns, President; R. McDonald, Vice-President; M. T. Butterfield, Secretary; E. A. Gibbs, Treasurer.

It has been almost a year since development was commenced, and the result is about seven hundred feet of workings in tunnels, shafts and drifts, with about 800 tons of ore on the respective dumps, which will assay over $100 to the ton in silver, and from $7 to §12 in gold.

There are seven openings on tbe property, the first, a drift, has been run in on the northwest end, and follows a vem of fine ore ranofintr froni two to four

Quijotoa Guide Book. 85

feet in width. At the end of ("he (hift a winze is beiiiQ sunk on the vein, witli a view of eonnectino" witii the tunnel below. From the drift a large duni|i of high grade ore has been taken.

To the south, and along the west side of the mountain, another opening has been made on the vein, which shows the vein from three to five feet wide of o"ood ore. Further on to the south and east is the main workino: shaft, which has been sunk on the vein 160 feet, and which will connect with the south drift of the tunnel. This shaft has been sunk with the dip of the vein, and has a fine banging wall the whole depth, and at the bottom all of the shaft is in good ore, which will average over $100 to the ton. Theie are two large dump-piles of ore, in all probability 400 tons. There are two other openings on the east side of the mountain, which appear to be on an entirely cliffej'ent vein of ore from that found on the west side and the summit of the hill, although the ore in character and richness is similar.

The principal work has been done in the tunnel, the opening of which is something over two hundred feet in a perpendicular below the apex of the vein. This tunnel has been driven into the hill 320 feet, cutting a vein at 180 feet of low grade ore. At a little over 200 feet what appears to be the main vein of ore, which crops out boldly on the surface, was cut a few days ago, and showed a little over three feet in width, of ore, which averaged over $100 to the ton in silver. The tunnel was continued on for a distance of twenty feet with the view of reaching the foot wall. All of the rock taken out of tunnels north of the vein

carries considerable quantities of silver— sufficient for milling purposes.

Drifts are now being-driven on the ein both north and south from the tunnel. The south drift is in forty feet, and the vein has widened to six feet with a beautiful hanging wall on the east side of the vein. Six assays made from the face of the drift gave an average of $178 in silver, the lowest being $106.19.

The north drift is in sixteen feet, commencing on three feet of ore. At six feet in, it widened to five feet, and at twelve feet the whole drift is in ore, with the west side of the drift in ore to what distance is not known. At this point the vein is probably about 220 feet below the apex, with a solid mass of ore overhead along the length of both drifts. The fact is, the appearance indicates a vast chamber of ore, as the hanging wall is perfect and as yet no foot wall has been found. That this is the same vein which crops out boldly two hundred feet overhead there is little doubt, as the main shaft has been sunk down 170 feet in the vein and will strike the south drift, from the tunnel within the next few days.

From these drifts there has been taken 300 tons of high grade ore; in fact there is not a pound of waste matter being taken from the drifts, and it is fair to estimate the dump is being increased daily, or every twenty-four hours, not less than $1,500. Two shifts are at work on both drifts in the shaft and the winze which is being sunk from the first mentioned drift.

The formation is blue lime. The character of the ore is carbonate in black quartz; at a depth it becomesi of a brighter color and free milling. The trend of the vein is southeasterly, the dip is easterly with a per-

Quijotoa Guide Book. 87

feet hanging wall. The cost of development has not exceeded $30,000, and a fair estimate of the dumps as sampled shows, the ore extracted to be not less than $80,000. The company are grading their mill site, which is situated a quarter of a mile from the mouth of the tunnel, on a never failiuij stream of water. Wood is abundant. In fact everythinaappears to cooperate to the advantage of the Blue Jay mine. It has ore in abundance, plenty of water and wood. In fact it is a veritable bonanza.

Ores Of Southern Arizona.

The longer time a person spends in the study of the resources of Arizona, and in one section no more than another, will he be more convinced that she possesses capabilities which when developed will place her in the front ranks of her sister States. A thousand testimonies could be adduced in proof of this proposition, but one will here suffice. The mineral cabinet of ores of Southern Arizona, at 106 Camp street, Tucson, the property of Charles R. Wores, is the evidence in question. For two years past he has been collecting specimens from all the mines within a radius from Tucson of 100 miles, and has something like 1,500 labeled upon his shelves. They embrace every known metallic character upon the globe. Considering the limited territory from which they were gathered, is this not wonderful ? Among the principal metals may be mentioned gold, silver, copper, lead, tin, nickel, tellurium, iron, antimony, bismuth, zinc, etc. The first four are the only ones sought for by the prospectors. Colorado, Nevada or California

Quijotoa Guide Book.

cat)not show such a varied character of ores as South ern Arizona. C()|)[)er is found mostly in carbonates, and is best snjelted. In the Raj mine it is found in vast sheets. Silver is mostly in the form of chlorides, especially in the rich deposits. Lead comes in carbonates and sulphurets. Gold is natixe or in c(nibination with silver. Placer nuggets are also large and abundant. Silver and copper are the principal productions. It is a well attested historical fact that iwo silver nuggets (planchas de plata) were found in the 18th century in Arizona, which weighed respectively 2,700 and 3,775 pounds avoirdupois. Iron is abundant, and is mostly found in combination \vith silver and copper, and in the form of oxide. A mine of hematite would be a fortune. In addition to the minerals in the cabinet are many precious, valuable and curious stones, such as diamond, ruby, amethyst, garnet, chalcedony, onyx, jasper, agate, marble, etc., with stalactites, etc. The cabinet is well worth a visit.

Baboquivari Water Company.

Baboquivari is a Papago word, meaning "water on the mountains," and is applied to that section of country which culminates in the grand pile of rock bearing that name, and which has an altitude of some 8,000 feet or more. This mountain is 36 miles due southeast of Mount Quijotoa, and 42 miles due southwest of Tucson. Its summit has thus far been inaccessible. February 26, 1884, J. P. Culver, Louis Le Page and William Warford located the Quijotoa and Baboquivari millsites on two constant streams about

Quijotoa Guide Book. 89

seven miles north of Mount Baboquivari. Mr. Culver soon bought out his partners, and then sold his entire interests to Alexander J. Chambers, WiUiam Beard and Charles J. Wimple and their associates. A line for a water pipe from the millsites to Quijotoa was surveyed in April (1884) by G. W . Richards, and is shown on the "Map of Boutts" by an added red LINE. Its direction is so near straight that it would take a large diagram to show the curves. Its length is 31.61 miles. The extreme lowest point is 1,695 feet below the source, and is 4.35 miles from the head of A street. New Virginia, and the foot of Boskruge avenue, Logan This point in the valley is just 338 feet below the head of A street, making the source 1,357 feet above Quijotoa. In the first 10 miles the fall is a small fraction over ten feet to the mile, then the line runs for about six miles over an undulating surface nearly level; then there is a gradual depression some eleven miles till the lowest point is reached; and then comes the 338-foot raise to Quijotoa. It is proposed to lay a six-inch iron pipe, which will deliver 2,000,000 gallons per day in Quijotoa. The total cost is estimated at $115,000. The water will be sold for domestic, mining, agricultural and grazing purposes. The supply is simply inexhaustible, as the Baboquivari water courses have never been known to dry up. The line passes over a region the fertility of whose soil is witnessed in the wonderful growth of flowers and grass in March and April, and the mammoth size of palo verde and mesquite. For agricultural and grazing purposes it cannot be excelled. The company can supply any quantity of water at point along its line. It is also pur[)osed to work the

Quijotoa placers with this water. Mr. Wimple and his associates have interested a sufficient amount of capital to carr the work through to a successful completion, and are already engaged in their laudable enterprise.

Watchmaker

P. F. Nilson, second door east of Wells, Fargo & Go's office. Congress street, Tucson, is a dealer in watches, jewelry and spectacles. Mr. Nilson makes watch repairing a specialty. Orders from the country receive prom])t attention.

Errata.

For "em';' .v"' in pr<r>."i!i.{ e f-Hiixh line from bottom read . ...c."

Page 62, line G, for "$1.50 gold," read "$12.50 gold."

Advertisements. 91

Bay state Iron Works, Erie, Penn,

Noble &amp; Hall,

Manufacturers of Stationary and Portable

ENGINES 1 SOILEilS,

Stamp Mills and Smelters, Single and Double

Keversible Hoisting Machines, Mining

Machinery and Supplies.

General Southwestern Agents :

Blake Crusher, Blaker Blower, Ingersoll Bock Drill,

Bussell & Co.'s Circular Saw Mills, Knowle's

Steam Pumps, Improved Howe Scales,

National Tube Works Co , Boeblings

' Sons Steel Wire Bope,

Safes, Iron Roofing,

Iron Turbine and Eclipse Windmills, Warrior Mow ers and Barbed Wires.

Estimates Fubnished.

S. ©. II4LL, Mamger,

Branch House, Tucson. Arizona.

Virginia City and Brooklyn

Quijotoa Mining District, Pima County, fl. T,

The townsite of Virginia City adjoins the townsites of Logan an- New Virginia on the south and that of Brooklyn on the north. Both are desirable location-*, enpecially Virginia City, The lots and streets are the SHiue size as in the adjoining townsites. Virginia City is on a smooth iricliue to the east. The diainagt is excellent. Here will be eventually the terminus of the

QXJIJOTO.A. PtJILPtOID,

And the loeatiou of the

Bonanza. Oom.;pa.ny's DVCills

Here is plenty of room for all.

Lots Are Desirable And Cheap.

Corrflspondence is solicited before buyini? elsewhere.

L. D. CHILLSON, U. 8 Mineral Surveyor. Quijotoa, Arizona.

W. J. Doherty,

Tucson, Arizona.

W. R. Gleason,

Tucson, Arizona.

Advertisements. 9-

Logan Townsite Company

The Townsite is located on the eastern side of

Ben Nevis. Streets running east and west are 66 feet

wide, and those running north and south are 50 feet

wide. The blocks are 300x360. Lots are 30x100 and

30x120 feet, and are only leased for purpose of tem-polar

} occupation. The townsite embraces one-half

square mile.

W. R. Logan,

J. H. Shotwell,

Estate of J. T. LOGAN, Deceased,

Proprietors.

&quot;94 Advertisements.

Arizona Brewery,

LOGAN AVENUE. JIEIi3IAXW LEI'TIEX, - - mOPBIETOR,

Fresh Beer on Draught All the Time.

Fine Wines, Liquors And Cigars.

Drink Leptien&#x27;S Beer And Grow Fat.

B. ROBLES, U- S. Daily Mail Stage Line

Between Tucson and Quijotoa.

J. A. Browdee, Agent, 18, Congress Tucson.

D. Snyder, Agent, Logan Avenue, Quijotoa.

Porter&#x27;S Hotel,

At the Railroad Depot.

The Best Hotel in Arizona.

Entirely New.

Thirty new roome added. BlHck Wsluut Fninitnre. BatLrooms and clo-ets for t-'nlt- B( aid tbe Dby, atd INJr rib.

The Itnget Mild most pit af-ant Diiniig-R((iru of any Hotel in Arizona. A tboronyb ventilation in all rooms secuieB a ol and even temperature.

3IBS. A. A. JPOliTEIi, Vropvietress

JOHN LAWRENCE & CO., Proprietors. TVCSON BEEli DErOT.

Loan avenue. Logan City, A. T.

Advertisements. 05

C. Seligman &amp;C0.,

Wholesale dealers ia GROCERIES A.ND PROVISIONS. A full

assortmeut of Fine, Fancy Groceries, Wionsaud Liquors kept in stock.

No. 24., Meyer St. Tujsoa, Arizona.

Ho! For Quijotoa!

THE OASA GRANDE AND QULJOTOA STAGE LINE Leaves Casia Grande Daily for the QuiintOHS, via. (Christmas Gift, Vekol, Reward aad Cop >8rosity Miniut; Oa ops -tiirouh iu 12 hours. Casa Grande is the Riilrond Station for the above-named camps and Ouijotoa. Good road, good horses and fine coaches.

E. A. SAXE, Supt.

Dentist.

316 Congress street, Tucson. Has had 25 years experience.

Logan Avenue.

General Merchandise.

Miners Supplies, Cry Goods, Groceries, Liquors, Tobacco and Cigars

J. B. Allen. - - Proprietor,

QUIJOTOA CITY. West side Peer mountain. The Best of Bed and Board, Wines,. Liquors and Cigar.-i. Travelers over the hill will find excellent accommodations here for man and beast. MEALS 75 ots DRINKS 25 cts*.

Palace Lodging House,

Logan Avenue.

John Lewellen, - Proprietor..

Lodging 50 cts. and Sl.OO. Special rates by week or month. First

O. O. -Allien

Assayer, Logan avenue, next to Lewis house, Logan City, A.T.

&quot;96 Advertisements.

Pedro Aguirre & Co.

Daily Stage Line Between Tucson

Qiiijotoa, Calabasas, Arivaca, Oro Blanco, Esperanza and Sombreretilio.

Good coHches, quick time. Leave Tucsoa every day, including Sundays for Logman City, at? a. m. Ketiirniuw, leave LorHn at fi a. m. Leave for ('alabanas, Arivaca Oro Bl inco, E-<peraDza and Sombreretillo, Mondays, Wednesdays and Frid lys, at 7 a. m.

Fakes:

Between Tnc-'on and Qnijotoas, S9; Oalibasas and Ariva'a, S6; Oro Bianco, $7; Esperanza, $8; Sombreretillo, Sl2. Tbirty i)ound8 of baggage allowed.

For futher information apply to or address

C. B. SESSIONS, General Agent,

Lewis House,

Logan Avenue.

C, Lewis, - Proprietor,

Board $8 per week.

Beds £0 cts. and $1

Board and Lodging $12

Advertisements.

Maunfactured bv the

Globe Iron Works,

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lt~One of these mills is dow running iu Gleason's corral at the foot of Congrees street, tucson. The public are invited to call and see for themselve.

Uorrespoudeuoe solicited. Address

A. G. DYER, Tucson, or GLOBE IRON WORKS,

222 & 224 Fremont St. San Francisco, Cal.

Advertisements.

Cattle, Lands And Insorance,

I have on hand and for sale at all times

GRADED AMERICAN, AMERICAN, GRAD- ED SONORA AND SONORA STOCK CATTLE FOR SALE.

Also Ranches with, or without Cattle, with

water rights.

Sonora Land Grants, from 10,000 to 54,000 acres. Titles direct from Sonora Government.

Insurance in A. 1. Board Co.'s at rates as low as is consistent with first-class indemnit3\

Advertisements.

v_y

Ijotoa City.

The townsite is located on the west side of Ben Nevis, six miles by wagon road from Logan City, and bv horse trail three miles.

Lots 30X120 Feet.

Abundance of Water in Four Wells.

The townsite adjoins the Joshua Billings bo- n .nza claims. Part of the townsite is reserved for mining purposes.

Chas. H. Beckwith & Geo. L. Rognon,

Proprietors.

J.Mdessart,

Agent at Logan, Quijotoa P. O., Arizona.

IQO ADVEHTISBMEiNTS.

Cosmopolitaii Hotel,

PAUL MORONEY, JR., - - Proprietor.

Corner Main and Pennington Streets, Tucson, Arizona.

5-Bath Rooms Attached.

Leo Goldschmidt,

WaoliESAIiE AND RETAIL DeALEK IN

Furniture, Carpets,

BEDDING AND OILCLOTHS. Tucson, - - - - - - . Arizona.

Assaying and Smelting.

Gold Si 00 I Copper $1 00

Silver 1 00 I Lead 100

Special rates for other metala, bullion, etc.

Prompt Attention Given Samples by Mail.

Special care taken with tests and assays. Assaying taught at moderate rates. Cabinets of Arizona ores made up to order.

CHAS. R. WO RES, - - A ssayer and Metallurgist,

Assay office and Chemical Laboratory,

106 Camp Street, Opposite Russ House.

References — Tucson: Hudson & Co., L. Zechendorf & Co., W. C. Davis, James Buell. San Francisco: J. M. Baffington, Secretary of IJiHOa Con. S. M. Co., H. W. Walker, Golden State Laboratory.

Advertisements. J 01

L Zeckendorf &amp; Co.,

The Largest Mercantile Estahlishinent west of the Rocky Mountains.

We call especial attention to onr large and well selected stock of

Dry Goods. Fancy Goods, Notions, Clothing,

Gents' Furnishing: Oouds, Hats anil Trunks.

From the cheapest to tbe best.

Hardware, Mining And Farming

Implements, Wagon Material, Iron, Steel, Oil and Faints.

1'Groeeries and Provisions.")

We have made Sweepirg Reductions in prices in our various departments, and respectfully solicit an examination of our stock and prices. Orders re-pectfully solicited and promptly executed.

L. Zeckendorf &amp; Co.

Arizona And California

Lumber Company,

J. N. MASON. . - - - Resident Partner.

Doors. Windows, Blinds. Shingles. Sash

AND MOULDINGS. i~MiLL AND Mining Timber a Specialty.")

This company are prepared to till the largest orders for all kinds f Building Material at the shortest possible notice.

OFFICE AND YARD— Immediately across the railroad track from tbe depot, Tucson, Arizona.

Branch Yard at Jfew Virgtnia, Quvjotoa.

F. H. MASON, Manager.

Jos. C. Perry,

Counselor at Lav,

J\ro. 208 Congress Street, Tucson. J. T. Branch Office, J\fo. 210 Loan .dveujtf, Logan City, Quijotoas, A. T.

C; Prompt attentioD given to all oomraercial or miring business entrusted to my CHre. Townpite lots at Logan City, New Virginia and Quijotoa City (Quijotoas) bought and sold on commission.

Grand Central Hotel,

DK. J. WHITE, Froprietor.

First-Class Restaurant Connected With Eotel.

Prices of board and rooms from $1.50 to $3 per dny, according to locution of room. Day board, $7 per week. The most centrally located hotel in the city. Directly opposite the postoffice, a few doors from the Star and Citizen offices, one block from the United States land office and just adjoining the couJt house. First class in every particular. The only hotel in the city with telephone connection with Fort Lowell, free to all officers of the United States army. Bath room free to guests; others twenty-five cents.

Grocery And Provision Store.

CHAN TIN WO. - - Proprietor.

Best Groceries and Paovisi ons Always on Hand.

Also a oompletftstock of Cbinaware. 102 and 104 Main, cor. Ott street.

C. H. Hllilj. W. W. AVONDAIjE. J. C. WELBY.

Hill, Avondale &amp; Co.,

Distiilers of Fine Bourbon and Bye Whiskies.

(Distillery, 6th district, Kentucky.)

WILLIAM KANE, - - - - Resident Agent.

214 Congress otreet, Tucson, Arizona.

Advertisements.

Dealers In

Lumber, Doors, Windows, Etc.

, I.Iv.J

Mining Supplies a Specialty,

Blasting Powder at Agents' Rates.

Sandersous Steel, Noriimy and American Iron,

Crockery. Glassware. Paints, Oils, &c.

Tucson and Tombstone. Arizona.

The Quijotoa Trade Supplied.

Advertisements.

Douglass Snyder,

-Dealer In

Groceries and Hardware,

Also Mining Tools aud Mining Steel, Mining Candles, Drill Steel an<J Blacksmiih Supplies, Picks, Sbovcle, Sledg<8, Drill Steel, Powder, CaiJt, Hammeiv", Tamping Rods, Pulp Spoons, Fuse. h.tc., Etc. A large supply,

Embracing Every Assortment,

And of the very best quality. Extra inducements offered to buyers, LOGAN CITY, QLlfJOTOA, AND AT TUCSON.

Buehman & tiartwell, Photographers,

Tucson Arizona.

A complete assortment of Views always on hand. Orders by mail promptly filled Send for rates.

Published weekly at Logan, Ariz.,

HAKKY BROOK, - - Editor and Proprietor.

All the latest news of the Quijotoa mining district Subscription pei year.

Hercules,

Blasting And Sporting

r

Caps And Fuse,

-For Sale By-

Wm. A. Seott, Jr.,

Sole Agent

California Powder Works.

No Trouble To Supply Prospectors

NO. 14, CONGRESS ST., One door east of Wells, Fargo & Co., Tucson, A. T.

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