The Rampart Gold Placer Region, Alaska

Louis Marcus Prindle , Frank Lee Hess · 1906 · Historical

The Rampart Gold Placer Region, Alaska by Louis Marcus Prindle , Frank Lee Hess (1906). Full text and reference in the Mountain Man Mining Library.

Public-domain full text preserved in the Mountain Man Mining Library. Original source: archive.org.

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/ A, Economic Geology, 68 B, Descriptive Geology,84

Department Of The Interior

United States Geological Survey

CHARLES I). WALCOTT, Director

The

Rampart Gold Placer Region

Alaska

L. M. PRINDLE and FRANK L. HESS

Washington

G O V E K N M K N T PRINTING () F l' I C E

CONTENTS.v

Geography and Geology, by L. M. Prindle 5

General statement 5

Geography 8

General description 8

Relief 9

Drainage 12

Vegetation 16

Geology 16

General features 16

Stratigraphic succession 17

Sedimentary and metamorphosed formations 18

Pre-Devonian 18

Devonian 18

Carboniferous 21

Cretaceous -. 22

Tertiary 22

Quaternary 23

Igneous rocks 23

Granitic rocks 23

Monzonitic rocks 24

Greenstones 24

Basalt 24

Summary 24

The Gold Placers, by F. L. Hess 26

General statement 26

Minook Creek group 27

Minook Creek 28

High bench 30

Creeks cutting the high bench 31

Hunter 32

Little Minook 33

Little Minook Junior 35

Hoosier 36

Florida 36

Origin of the gold 37

Other tributaries of Minook Creek 37

Ruby . 37

Slate 38

Baker Creek group 38

General description ' S%

4 Contents And Illustrations.

The Gold Placers — Continued. Page. Baker Creek group — Continued.

The creeks and benches 40

Eureka Creek 40

Pioneer Creek 40

What Cheer Bar 41

Seattle Bar 42

Doric Creek 42

Other bench gravels 42

Shirley Bar 42

Glenn Creek 43

Gold Run 43

Rhode Island Creek 44

Seattle Creek 44

Bench west of Rhode Island Creek 44

Omega Creek 44

Chicago Creek 45

Thanksgiving Creek 45

Hutlina Creek 46

Water for hydraulicking 46

General conclusions 47

Troublesome Creek group 47

General description 47

Creeks prospected 47

Quail Creek 47

Gunnison Creek 48

General summary 48

Index 51

Illustrations.

Page.

Plate I. Geologic sketch map 5

II. A, View northeastward along the ridges of the White Mountains;

B, View southeastward toward head of Golden Creek 10

III. Rampart placer ron, showing distribution of auriferous gravels. 26

IV. Ay View westward from Idaho Bar, down Little Minook Creek,

showing portion of high bench and intermediate bench ; jB, Gravel of high bench of Minook Creek exposed in tunnel on

Idaho Bar 30

V. Af Automatic dump gate discharging, Claim No. 3 below. Little Minook Creek ; B, Hydraulicking on Hunter Creek, about 4

miles above the mouth 32

VI. Gold specimens 38

VII. Ay Valley of Glenn Creek, looking north, showing sluices, etc.; By View westward up Quail Creek from the east side of Troublesome Creek : 42

Fig. 1. Diagrammatic sketch of Minook Valley 29

us, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEOl-OGir SKETCH

Ok Thk

Rampart Hkcvion,

BvL.M.Pi-intUe ami F.L. lli-ss.

VEHTIWL SCALE OF SECJIQB5 It! FOUBTIHtS HOBItOWfAL

The Rampart Gold Placer Region, Auka/

By L. M. Prindle and F. L. Hess.

Geography And Geology.

By L. M. Prindle.

General Statement.

The Rampart region is in the central part of Alaska, near the intersection of the one hundred and fiftieth meridian and the sixty-fifth parallel. It is in the western part of the large area — embracing approximately 40,000 square miles — delimited by Yukon and Tanana rivers and by the international boundary, 300 miles to the east, and is located where the distance in a north and south direction between the two rivers is hardly 50 miles (PI. I).

The Rampart region is one of the four most important gold- producing regions in this interstream area. The Fortymile, near the boundary, the Birch Creek, and the Rampart regions are adjacent to the Yukon at intervals of about 140 miles westward from the boundary. The Fairbanks region, the most recently developed and at the present time the most productive, is in Tanana Valley about 12 miles north of the river and about 260 miles from its mouth. The Rampart region is about 80 miles northwest of the Fairbanks region, and all the creeks of present economic importance are within 30 miles of the Yukon and belong to the drainage systems of both Yukon and Tanana rivers.

The region has passed through many stages characteristic of the life of a placer camp. Some of the creeks were prospected as early as 1893 and became active producers by 1896, when the region became of equal prominence with the Fortymile and Birch Creek regions. Many were attracted by the favorable results, and during the winter of 1898-99 the town of Rampart, the supply point for the camp, contained about 1,500 people. After the preliminary stage of prospecting and the subsequent excitement of the boom days, with their excess of hopes and population, the camp settled down to the laborious existence of an average producer, influenced from time to time by the discoveries of gold in other portions of Alaska and rewarded occasionally by discoveries in its own territory. During the last two years discoveries have been made which have contributed to the permanence of the camp and illustrated the possibilities still existing in a region which has already been under investigation for several years. The recent introduction of hydraulic methods, too, entailing the expenditure of considerable capital, has given further importance to the locality, which during 1904 had a population of about 300 and a production of approximately $235,000.

a An abstract of this paper was published in Bull. U. S. Geol. SvixNe

6 Geography And Geology Of Rampart Region.

The towns of Eagle, Circle, and on Yukon River, and Fairbanks, on

Tanana River, have developed supply points for the mining regions in their

vicinity. The town of Rarnggp"]:, ViCh a population of about 200, is on the south

bank of the Yukon, 170 Circle and about 70 miles above the junction

with the Tanana, poinff where the Yukon, after pursuing for a few miles a

southerly course 'stjuarely to the west and sweeps in a deep channel past the

hills which, bouivi'the south side of the rather open valley. A narrow-terraced

slope JVveell these hills and the river is picturesquely occupied along the water

front kod iirllside in the background by the irregular collection of buildings which

town. There is an air of importance about the place, and it possesses,

so, a kind of dignity which the pervasive majesty of the great river and the vast

I loneliness of the country through which it flows have conferred upon every one of

these small isolated outposts of civilization.

Supplies are received from the outside world by way of either St. Michael or Dawson. By the first course they are shipped by water to St. Michael and carried thence by river steamers up the Yukon, a distance of about 900 miles, to Rampart. By the second course they are shipped from Skagway by the White Pass and Yukon railroad through Canadian territory to White Horse, by river steamer to Dawson, and by the lower river boats, a distance of 500 miles farther, to Rampart. The fact that in the spring navigation opens first on the upper Yukon has led to a preference of the Dawson route when it is desired to have supplies arrive at their destination early in the season. The first-class passenger rate during the summer of 1904 from Seattle to Rampart by way of St. Michael was $127.50; that by way of Dawson was $111. The freight rates have a wide range of variation, according to the kind of material and the time of year. The approximate rates on ordinary supplies by way of St. Michael and Dawson respectively during 1904 were $57 and $106 a ton.

The gold-producing creeks are at distances of 5 to 30 miles from Rampart, and are connected with the town by trails. Minook Creek enters the Yukon from the south about a half mile above Rampart. The main trail follows its valley a distance of about 20 miles to the head, and then passes over the divide at an elevation of about 2,000 feet, and extends to the creeks in the southern part of the region. Side trails leave the main trail at intervals for the various creeks. Supplies are transported over these trails by pack train in the summer and by dog or horse sleds in the winter. The summer rates are 4 to 15 cents a pound, according to distance, and the winter rates to the same localities are 2 to 6 cents a pound. Summer traveling is bad. The trodden muck along the valley sides and bottoms favors the accumulation of water, and the interlacing ditch-like trails entail much hardship upon the pack animals, which flounder along them, and increase the cost of gold production to the miners, none of whom are in a position to improve them. Most of the freighting is consequently done in the winter time. Several outfits at Rampart are in the freighting business, and in both summer and winter make trips at regular intervals to the creeks.

There is a station of the Government telegraph line at Rampart which affords communication by way of the Tanana with other portions of Alaska and the outside at rates which are low in comparison with the advantages which may thus be secured. The mail facilities are improving from year to year and, as the rates on small quantities of light material compare very favorably with the freight rates, this method of obtaining such supplies from the States during the summer season is often utilized and is of considerable benefit to the people.

The four important gold-producing regions of the Yukon-Tanana country have been visited at various times by parties from the Geological Survey, which have been engaged either in mapping these regions and the little-known areas between them, or in studying the gold-bearing deposits and the distribution of the formations which occur in the gold-producing regions. The results have been embodied in

General Statement. 7

maps and reports, some of which have already been published by the Survey, while others are in preparation.

The Fortymile, Birch Creek, and Rampart regions were visited by a survey party consisting of Spurr, Goodrich, and Schrader in 1896, and the results are to be found in the report of that expedition.

In 1902 Collier, in the course of an investigation of the coal resources along the Yukon, studied the gold placers in the southern portion of the region. & Late in the fall of the same year Brooks, near the close of his reconnaissance about Mount McKinley, traversed a portion of the Rampart region.

The work of all these expeditions has resulted in an accumulation of material, partly topographic and partly geologic, which becomes increasingly valuable to the people of the region in tracing the occurrence and distribution of the gold-bearing deposits.

During the season of 1904 the writer, under instructions from Mr. Alfred H. Brooks, geologist in charge, assisted by Frank L. Hess, with a packer, cook, and 7 horses, made a geologic reconnaissance overland from Eagle by way of Fairbanks to Rampart, and it was in the course of this trip that the observations were made and the material was collected which form the basis of this description.

After concluding work in the Fairbanks region the party started overland from Cleary Creek for Rampart on the 5th of August, and on the 26th reached a tributary of Troublesome Creek, in the Rampart region, at a point where the Brooks party had camped two years before. There in 1904 the smoke of a camp fire indicated a zone of prospecting. The remainder of August and the first part of September were spent among the gold placers. On the 20th of September the party started by steamer up the Yukon, and reached Seattle on the 5th of October, only fifteen days from the time of leaving Rampart.

The route chosen by the party lay northwest from Cleary Creek across the White Mountains and the ridges beyond to the southern limit of Yukon Flats, thence southwest to the main divide between the Yukon and Tanana drainage systems, thence west along this divide to the rough hills which mark so conspicuously the location of the Rampart region.

The conditions of travel by pack train in the Yukon-Tanana country are comparable with those prevailing in portions of the States and deserve no special mention. The horses are all used as pack animals and carry generally not more than 175 pounds. The divides are preferred for travel, as they are mostly free from timber and generally afford a firmer footing than the valleys. Some of the lower divides, however, are thickly covered with small spruce, and in a large area east of the Rampart region the moss and grass of the divides form a niggerheaded surface which retards the progress of the pack train. The streams within the hill country occasionally offer better conditions for travel than the divides. They can be crossed and recrossed at will and their gravel-covered bars can be followed sometimes for miles. At times of high water, however, they may impede travel. Grass grows luxuriantly in some of the sunward-facing draws and in portions of the larger valleys, and is generally in good condition from the latter part of June to at least the first of September. Although the horses sometimes have difficulty in obtaining sufficient food, and are sometimes so tormented by mosquitoes as to be unable to eat quietly where there is abundance, they generally end the season in fairly good condition.

The members of the party always received active help from all those among whom their labors were performed, and pleasantly remember many kindly acts of

aSpurr, J. E., Geology of the Yukon gold district, Alaska: Eighteenth Ann. Rept, U. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 3, 1898, pp. 87-392.

b Collier, A. J., The Glenn Creek gold-mining district, Alaska: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 213, 1903, pp. 49-56. Coal resources of the Yukon, Alaska: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 218, 1903, pp. 41-43,

c Brooks, A. H., Exploration in the Mount McKinley region, Alaska: Prof. Paper No. — . (In preparation.)

8 Geography And Geology Of Bampart Region.

hospitality. Alaska is a land of strong contrasts, and when, in the gloom of a rainy night, amid the dripping brush and running waters of a sodden valley, the cheerful light of a miner's cabin draws the traveler to unaccustomed warmth and dryness, the heartiness of the welcome illustrates most forcibly the hospitable spirit of the people in the midst of the ofttimes stern inclemency of the outer world.

This bulletin is intended to supplement the results of recent work in the Fortymile, Birch Creek, and Fairbknks regions by a similar description of present conditions in the Rampart region and to include also a general description of the areas to the east, where the rocks of the Rampart region have their eastward extension. The writer has had the able assistance of Mr. Hess throughout the field and office work, and the results of the efforts of both in the field have been divided in the office for the sake of greater economy of time in the preparation of this report. Mr. Hess has described the gold placers, while the account of the general economic conditions, the geography and geology, and the supervision of the whole, have devolved upon the writer. His statement of the geology, which is merely preliminary, will be more fully developed in a description of the geology of the entire Yukon-Tanana country which is in preparation.

Geog'Raphy.

General. Description.

There is a large area north and west of the Fairbanks region which is limited on the north and south by the converging courses of Yukon and Tanana rivers, respectively, and is terminated on the west by their confluence. It is shown upon the accompanying geologic map (PI. I), which indicates the main drainage lines and the route of the party from Uhatanika River northward to the southern limit of Yukon Flats and thence southwest to the creeks of the Rampart region. This map, while only approximately correct, in so far as it is based upon the work of the party in which distances were estimated by pacing, directions by pocket compass, and altitudes by aneroid barometer, represents with fair accuracy the general relations of the narrow belt of country traversed to the larger area of which it forms a part.

The surface of this area presents the same kind of features as those to the east, but there is considerable difference in their development, due partly to the narrowing space between the two rivers and partly to difference in the bed rock. There is the ridge and valley feature which occupies the greater part of the area and the flanking lowlands, on the north the Yukon Flats, and on the south the flat area drained by tributaries of the Tanana.

The ridges show a general uniformity in height of 2,000 to 2,500 feet, but some rise conspicuously above their surroundings to an altitude of nearly 5,000 feet and others become broader and lower and merge into the valleys on each side.

The divide between the drainage systems of Yukon and Tanana rivers throughout the Yukon-Tanana country has an extremely irregular course, due to the extensive ramifications of many streams among ridges of nearly equal height, and in this western part of the cotrhtry in addition to the irregularity of direction there is a great variation in altitude. It is in places a prominent sharply defined ridge, while in other localities it becomes a low flat, separating with broad indefiniteness the waters which linger on its surface.

The features of greatest prominence are the White Mountains, extending northeast and southwest through the eastern part of the area, and the high group of hills 50 miles west of the White Mountains, in the vicinity of Rampart. The country between these two main features comprises many ridges, which toward the north are in general higher and break off with abruptness to Yukon Flats. The southern

aprindle, L. M.,Gold placers of the Forty mile. Birch Creek, and Fairbanks regions, Alaska: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 251, 1906.

Geography Relief. V

limit of the hill country is less abrupt and the ridges merge gradually into the lowlimds of the Tolovana.

The valleys, too, exhibit as much variation as the ridges. There are deep, steepwalled canyons which lead away their waters quickly, and there are open spaces where the waterways are only slight depressions in a rolling surface having an almost imperceptible grade. The streanis throughout this country often pursue most irregular courses before they finally extricate themselves front the many ridges and become identified with their respective drainage systems. The important tributaries of the Yukon are Beaver Creek, Hess Creek, and Minook Creek; those tributary to the Tanana are Tolovana River and Baker Creek.

The hill country gives place along an east-and-west line which crosses the Yukon a short distance above Fort Hamlin to one of the most striking features in the interior of Alaska — Yukon Flats. From the base of the overlooking ridges, 1,500 to 2,000 feet above them, they extend northward toward the plateau country fronting the , Rocky Mountains and eastward far out beyond the sky line. The sparsely timbered surface is somewhat xmeven and broken where minor ridges run out into it from the base of the hills. It is dotted with a few small lakes, and the minor streams which furrow deeply the northern slopes of the hills run irregularly across it in no welldefined valleys of their own. Through it all can be seen long lines and crescentshaped areas of water where the many interlacing channels of the Yukon spread widely over the great surface. The lowlands along the southern border of the hill country, the Tolovana and Baker flats, although occupying large areas, are local features less sharply differentiated from the hills and more closely related to their respective drainage systems.

The distance in a straight line from a point on Chatanika River about opposite the mouth of Cleary Creek to Yukon Flats is about 60 miles, and the section may be roughly, divided into three parts — the country from Chatanika River to Beaver Creek, the White Mountains in the space between the two parts of Beaver Creek, and the ridge country between the northern part of Beaver Creek and Yukon Flats.

A space 20 miles wide between Chatanika River and Beaver Creek is occupied by the broad ridge which separates the tributaries of the streams. This ridge extends in a northeast and southwest direction and has an elevation of about 1,000 feet above the valleys on each side. It is very unsymmetrical. The southeast slope is rather steep and is worn by short tributaries of the Chatanika into minor lateral spurs, which descend abruptly to the valley. The northwest slope presents a striking and unexpected contrast. Long, broad, lateral ridges extend their dark, spruceclad, undulating surfaces with gradually diminished height toward the steep-sided serrate ridges of the White Mountains and finally 15 miles away merge into the open , valley of Beaver Creek. These ridges, so uniform in height and even in outline, are separated by wide, shallow, sparsely timbered valleys of equal uniformity, occupied by small, weak streams which fiow with gentle gradients for several miles to Beaver Creek.

The White Mountains (PI. II, Ay p. 10), as seen from the highest parts of this ridge, rise abruptly from the somber foreground which extends with apparent continuity to their base, and not till the explorer reaches the edge of Beaver Valley does he understand their true relation to it and to the country to the south. They extend in a' northeast and southwest direction a distance of 50 or 60 miles and form perhaps the most persistent group of ridges in the Yukon-Tanana country. They rise 2,000 feet or more above the base and increase in height toward the northeast, where some of the highest points have an altitude of about 5,300 feet. To the southwest they narrow rapidly to a single, knife-edge ridge, which terminates at Beaver Creek about 35 miles nearly north from Fairbanks. The uneven ridgea YiSfcivV aiv'Kcvsivi 'V

10 Geography And Geology Of Rampabt Region.

topographic detail. The edges of uptiimtHl lied have been reduced by weathering to more or less disconnected, precipitous, shattered masses which rise in places to heights of several fwt alxjve tht general outline and impart to the range a of form almost as striking as that of color. The rocky slopes are made less precipittus by the piles of debris into which they plunge, and these in turn run out into a sloping more or less extensive Ixase covered with the vegetation of the tundra and flattening until it merges with slight abruptness into the valley of Beaver Creek. The rocky slojies alive are furrowed with steep rockstrewn gulches which are mostly dry. In the lower part these gulches become narrow valleys inconspicuously sunk in the surfai*e and carrying ordinarily but little water.

Southwest of the White Mountains, across Beaver Valley, even-topped ridges, nearly uniform in height, form the background of the amphitheatral area around the bend of Beaver Creek and extend northward to Ixjcome laterally adjacent on the west to the terminating ridge of the White Mountains. A few jagged points project inconspicuously from the level of these ridges and seim to indicate the continuation in this direction of the formations so accentuated to the northeast and to emphasize the loss of topographic individuality that has been sustaintnl. A few miles west of the southern part of the mountains the country widely toward the southwest, where a broad low divide, with an altitude of approximately 1,500 feet, separates the Beaver waters from streams tributary to the Tanana.

Northwest of the White Mountains, between Beaver Creek and Yukon Flats, in a distance of about 20 miles, there are several nearly parallel ridges, the trend of which is at first northeast parallel with the White Mountains, but changes gradually as they are crossed from one to the other northward until the trend of the ridges near the Flats is approximately east and west. The ridges are of various heights, with an average of perhaps 2,500 feet, and have a somewhat uneven outline. Between the steep-sided prominent ridge which forms the northern limit of Beaver Valley and the equally prominent ridge which overlooks the Flats there is the divide which separates the headwaters and tributaries of three important streams — Beaver Creek, Hess Creek, and Tolovana River. This divide, in comparison with the ridges which start from it and gain in prominence down their respective drainage systems, is low and inconspicuous and shows an area of country where long, bare, gradual slopes present the clean-cut appearance of meadows freshly mown (PL II, B). The drainage is marked by lines of green traced along the flatly intersecting bases of the slopes, vivid in color toward the sources of the streams where only willow patches grow and of a more somber shade lower down the valleys where scattering groups and lines of spruce are delicately outlined against the brownish background.

Northward the country rises gradually to the level of an even-topped east-west ridge 2,000 feet in height, surmounted by a few steep-sided domes of greater height, and then descends by intermediate flanking ridges with more or less abruptness to the Flats. The northern and southern slopes of this ridge are deeply cut by minor tributaries and toward the west it terminates finally as a spur between Hess Creek and one of its northern tributaries. The flanking ridges on the north replace it and, with approximately the same altitude, continue westward toward the Yukon at Fort Hamlin.

The main divide between the Yukon and Tanana drainage systems is about 25 miles south of the Yukon and extends in a nearly westerly direction toward the hills of Rampart. There are no topographic features of special interest. The divide is in places a well-defined ridge sharply differentiated from its surroundings; at other localities it is less conspicuous than the numerous long lateral spurs which descend irregularly from it toward the valleys of Hess Creek and Tolovana River, and at one locality, as far as could be observed, the headwater streams from the north and south

U. S. Geological Survey

Bulletin No. 280 Pl. Ii

A. View Northeastward Along The Ridges Of The White Mountains.

B. View Southeastward Toward The Head Of Golden Creek.

Geography Relief. 1 1

seem to have so far reducecl the space between them as to interlock in a rather extensive flat at an altitude of approximately 1,500 feet, where a few scattering lakes indicate the indefiniteness of the drainage.

From the White Mountains and from the commanding ridges of the Fairbanks region can be seen a group of hills 50 miles or more to the west, which rises abruptly from the indistinct level of its surroundings so that it forms the most conspicuous topographic feature in all the far western section of the Yukon-Tanana country. This group resolves itself on nearer view into the main divide between the Yukon and Xanana drainage systems and two prominent extensions from it to the north — Lynx Mountain, a ridge several miles in length, and Wolverine Mountain, a massive peak which gives to tlie Rampart region a maximum relief of over 4,000 feet with reference to the level of the Yukon at Rampart.

This portion of the divide contrasts strongly with that immediately to the east. It is higher, sharper, and rougher, extends in a northeast-southwest direction with a minimum altitude of about 2,000 feet, and separates with no indefiniteness the waters which flow to the north and to the south toward Yukon and Tanana rivers. Long, rough, lateral spurs extend northward toward the Yukon, and their steep sides are deeply cut until there is presented a repetition of sharp spurs separated by deep narrow canyons, which has justified the name ''Troublesome country," commonly applied to a part of this region. South of the divide there is less complexity. Long, more gradually sloping ridges separate the more open valleys and merge finally into the extensive flats of Tolovaua and Baker valleys. This difference in topographic expression so frequently observable on the northern and southern sides of the Yukon-Tanana country is here in the narrower space between the two rivers brought thus into sharper contrast.

The name Lynx Mountain has been applied to the southern end of a ridge about 30 miles southeast of Rampart, which extends northward from the main divide a distance of about 5 miles, has an altitude of approximately 4,000 feet, and is topographically distinct from its surroundings. The outline is irregular, developing in places into rugged, angular points. The upper slopes are steep and have furnished much material for the extensive accumulations of talus below. Along the greater part of the eastern base they plunge deeply into narrow canyons. Toward the southern end of the eastern base, however, the undulating surface of the man divide roughens in proximity to the ridge, and throws a wave-like prominence high up along the slope, the brown moss-covered surface of which contrasts strongly with the rock-strewn slopes above. Off to the east is the even surface of the broad divide. The southern termination of the ridge and a part of the western base are flanked by a slightly concave graded slope, the even surface of which is marked by ripples of fine rock waste. As the main divide extends round the southern end of the ridge the drainage is mostly toward the Yukon, and numerous tributaries of Hess Creek drain northward from both sides.

Wolverine Mountain is the crowning point of a bulky mass in the main divide, 8 miles west of Lynx Mountain and about 12 miles southeast of Rampart. It has an altitude of approximately 4,640 feet and towers several hundred feet above adjacent parts of the ridge. The western slopes descend with steep but more or less regular grades to valleys which carry the drainage toward the Tanana. The northern slopes are steeper. Sharp spurs with a concave outline plunge in divergent courses toward the valley 2,000 feet below and divide into minor steeper spurs which buttress the mountain side. The spurs become more rounded and more divided toward the base and extend thence northward with more gradual slopes about 1 mile to the main drainage line. The edges of the upper spurs are shattered into piles of fragments, and the debris-laden slopes of neighboring spurs steeply intersect to form the gulches which furrow conspicuously the northern face.

12 Geography And Geology Of Bampart Region.

Drainage.

The drainage systems are represented on the accompanying map in various stages of incompleteness, but with sufficient detail to show their general relations. Tolovana River, tributary to the Tanana, with its long and widely divergent branches, occupies the central and largest part of the field. On the east Beaver Creek in flowing to the Yukon follows a peculiar V-shaped course between tributaries of the Tolovana. On the north and west are Hess and Minook creeks flowing west and north respectively at right angles to each other to the Yukon, while in the southwest the short irregularly fan-shaped system of Baker Creek carries to* the Tanana the drainage from the southern slopes of the main divide.

Tolovana River has several far-reaching tributaries which approach closely the Birch Creek and Fairbanks regions on the east and the Rampart region on the west. On the north they drain a large area between the systems of Hess and Beaver creeks. Chatanika River, which is the most important tributary from the east, has its sources far to the northeast opposite the headwaters of Birch Creek. It enters the southeastern portion of the area and is closely identified with the Fairbanks region since Cleary Creek, an important gold producer, is a tributary. The stream is comparatively straight and flows southwest" toward the Tolovana. About 50 miles below the source, near the mouth of Cleary Creek, it is comparable in size with Little Chena near the mouth of Fish Creek, having a width of 100 to 200 feet, and at ordinary stages of the water it is easily fordable on foot. The valley is open and of low grade and the stream keeps mostly to the steep northwestern side. On the southeast long lateral spurs from the distant ridges merge gradually into the flat valley. The tributaries are small and short. The valleys of those from the northwest are narrowly V-shaped; those from the southeast are more open and their stream flats grade gently into that of the Chatanika. Sixty miles to the west another tributary of the Tolovana, Goose Creek, receives the drainage from the deeply furrowed slopes south of Lynx Mountain and flows in a northeasterly direction until it almost breaks in upon the tributaries of Hess Creek, when it bends gradually to the south and southwest to form an important tributary of the main stream. There are several streams between Beaver and Hess creeks, which flow in narrow V-shaped valleys southwestward toward the Tolovana. These probably unite to form tributaries of considerable size before reaching the lower valley.

The valleys of all the tributaries coalesce finally into a flat which forms a great embayment extending northeastward from the river's mouth far into the hill country toward the Yukon. The surface of this flat is partly covered with large areas of grass and is flecked with lakes, some of which are of considerable size. Patches of timber run out into it from the lower slopes of the ridges and dark lines of timber crossing it indicate the drainage lines, where streams flow inconspicuously with a deep, sluggish current in channels lying 20 feet or more below the even surface.

Beaver Creek has a peculiar relation to the drainage system of the Tolovana. It flows with the tributaries of the latter as if it were one of them and then turns northward from among them to the Yukon. It heads far to the northeast opposite the headwaters of Preacher Creek, flows southwest close along the eastern base of the White Mountains in the same direction as the Chatanika, but about 15 miles farther to the west, turns sharply round the southern termination of the mountains, flows northeast along their western base nearly parallel with its former course to Yukon Flats, and crosses this great lowland in a circuitous course north and west to the Yukon. The length of the southwestward flowing portion is probably at least 30 miles; that of the northeastward flowing portion is much greater. The distance from the mouth of the creek along the many wanderings across the Flats to the point where it emerges from the hills is reported to be nearly 200 miles. Where crossed by the Survey party at two localities east and west of the White Mountains the creek

Geography Drainage. 13

is comparable in size with Chena Rivera few miles above the point where it is joined by West Fork. The stream has a width of 200 to 300 feet or more at ordinary stages of the water and is easily fordable on foot. The volume of Water is at times lrge enough to permit prospectors to travel downstream in rafts from a point about 5 miles above the sharp bend round the White Mountains, but on account of the shallowness of the water at the riffles considerable difficulty is probably experienced in this method of navigation. The creek meanders in a low-grade open valley. Above the bend the stream keeps close to the eastern base of the White Mountains and the valley is mostly on the eastern side where it extends back flatly nearly 2 miles to the base of the gradually sloping ridges. After rounding the southern termination of the White Mountains, however, the valley contracts to a width of about one-fourth of a mile, and flows for about 4 miles between the narrow ridge of the White Mountains and the ridge of the same height which extends northward from the plateau-like country to the southwest. Rounding the northern termination of this latter ridge the stream turns to the left in a northerly course and then to the northeast again to flow in wide meanders through a beautiful flat valley that is limited on the east by the broad slopes of the White Mountains and on the west by a steep ridge, whicli becomes more broken and more prominent toward the northeast, in harmony with the increasingly imposing character of the stream, which flows closely along its eastern base.

Most of the tributaries of Beaver Creek in the portion of the valley traversed by the Survey party are small. Two tributaries drain the southern part of the White Mountains, and one of these has been called, for purposes of description. Fossil Creek, from the occurrence of fossiliferous limestone pebbles in its valley. The single narrow limestone ridge which terminates the White Mountains is accompanied farther east by a parallel ridge of shorter southern extent. The view from this ridge shows between the two a low-grade valley 2 miles wide, extending northeastward a distance of nearly 10 miles, drained by a stream which flows along the western side close to the base of the limestone ridge. From the base of the ridge on the east broad flat spurs separated by open depressions so shallow as hardly to be noticeable extend westward to the stream. On close examination the apparently continuous valley is seen to be composed of two parts — a lower, drained by a stream which seems disproportionately small for the size of the valley, and which has its rise in a few small stagnant ponds strung longitudinally along its course about 5 miles from Beaver Creek, and an upper, drained by a stream of about the same length, which runs at first south westward, in line with the stream of the lower portion of the valley, and then turns abruptly westward to flow to Beaver Creek through a narrow canyon which interrupts inconspicuously the continuity of the limestone ridge.

This upper part of the valley has been reduced somewhat below the level of the lower part, but not to an extent appreciable in a general view of the valley. The case is one of stream diversion where a minor tributary of the Beaver has cut through the limestone ridge and diverted to itself the waters of the upper portion of a valley which used to drain southwestward along the eastern base of the limestone ridge all the way to Beaver Creek. The diversion of the drainage from the upper valley has weakened the stream which occupies the lower portion of the valley, and its forceless character is indicated by the string of small ponds along its present headwaters.

The tributaries of Beaver Creek from the east and south enter through open flat valleys. The valleys of tributaries from the west become more canyon-like toward the northeast, and there are none of importance until Victoria Creek is reached. This creek is reported to be 50 miles or more in length and to flow in its lower part in a comparatively narrow canyon. The branching headwaters are small streams, colored brown by vegetation, which flow in valleys, whose wide sweeping slopes are

14 Geography And Geology Of Bamfabt Begion.

mostly bare of timber. On this creek, close to its junction with Beaver Creek, near the southern limit of Yukon Flats, some prospecting was being done in the fall of 1904.

Hess Creek is about 60 miles long, flows in a general westerly direction, and enters the Yukon about 25 miles above Bampart. Its headwaters are closely associated with those of Beaver Creek and the Tolovana. Its northern tributaries penetrate far into the narrow belt of ridges between it and Yukon Flats. The southern tributaries head far back in the main divide opposite those of the Tolovana, and in places are most closely associated with those of the latter stream ; westward near the Bampart region they interlock with the tributaries of Minook Creek. This stream, where crossed by the Survey party in 1904, was nearly the size of the Chatanika and was easily fordable on foot. It flows meanderingly in a fairly flat valley with a maximum width of perhaps 2 miles. The main valley is limited on the north generally by rather steep slopes. The southern side of the valley has apparently more tributaries and has been much dissected by them into numerous long ridges which extend in most irregular courses northward from the main divide. The valleys of these southern tributaries in the area between the headwaters and Lynx Mountain are often open and form large, ill-drained spaces where lakes are common.

The most important tributary in the vicinity of Rampart is Troublesome Creek. It heads in the main divide opposite the headwaters of the Tolovana and flows in a general northerly direction a distance of 30 miles or more to Hess Creek. The valley is of the canyon type, with a narrow flat at the bottom, over which the stream flows in a meandering course. This stream is probably comparable in size with Minook Creek. Our knowledge of it is confined mostly to the upper portion of the valley, where it is formed by minor tributaries from the east and west, which drain the slopes of Lynx and Wolverine mountains and the portion of the divide between these prominent points. They are deeply incised within the inclosing ridges and their minutest ramifications are to be found in the steep, narrowly V-shaped gulches which furrow the northern slopes of the divide and the flanks of the two imposing prominences. The heads of the minor valleys are in some cases open park-like spaces of small extent, which contrast strongly with the inclosing rock-strewn slopes.

The two most important tributaries in this upper part of the valley are Gazzam or Quartz Creek from the east and Quail Creek from the west. The first is a small creek which heads in the main divide near the southwest base of Lynx Mountain and flows at first northwest and then west a distance of about 5 miles to Troublesome Creek. The upper portion of the valley is open and is formed on the east by the beautiful slope at the base of Lynx Mountain; the western side of the valley is steep and a few small tributaries are received from V-shaped canyons. The valley narrows about 2 miles below the head to a steep-walled canyon deep within the ridges of either side. Quail Creek is the most important tributary of the upper valley. It is formed by two forks from the south and west, which join about a mile west of the Troublesome. The southern fork receives the drainage from the divide and the eastern flanks of Wolverine Mountain. The western fork heads opposite Hoosier Creek and flows in an easterly direction a distance of about 5 miles to the junction of the forks. The eastern part of the valley has a gradual northern slope, while the southern side is comparatively abrupt. Toward the headwaters the valley is more symmetrical. There are many small tributaries from the northern slopes of Wolverine Mountain, and most of these enter through narrow valleys. As on Hess Creek, benches are developed in places along the sides of the valley at a height of 400 feet or more above it.

Minook Creek, tributary to the Yukon, is the most western of the important streams in the Yukon-Tanana country and shares with Baker Creek, tributary to the Tanana, the prominence resulting from the occurrence of gold in the drainage areas of these two streams. Minook Creek, which lies about 12 miles west of Troublesome

Geography Drainage. 15

Creek, heads at a point about 25 miles south of Rampart and flows in a northerly course through a narrow valley. West of the valley a steep slope rises to a height of 1,000 feet or more above the stream. The eastern side of the upper portion of the valley is formed by a similar slope. In the lower part of the valley, however, the eastern slope is forioed by the abrupt streamward-facing slope of a flattened area which, where it breaks off to the stream, has an elevation of about 500 feet above it and slopes gradually upward toward the base of the hills and widens to the north until it attains a maximum width of about 3 miles. The significance of this flattened area or high bench, as it is called by the miners, with reference to Minook Creek, will be considered elsewhere in this report. It suffices here to say that it is one of the products of valley development in the region, and that its relation to Minook Creek is similar to that of the small, low benches w hich occur in the valley of the present stream, being really a portion of an older valley in which the present canyon has been cut. The most important tributaries from the east are Hunter, Little Minook, Little Minook Junior, Hoosier, Florida, and Chapman creeks. The most important from the west are Ruby, Slate, and Granite creeks.

Minook drainage in general may be described as a system deeply sunk within the inclosing ridges, draining with the ramifying headwaters of the eastern tributaries the rough country in the vicinity of Wolverine Mountain, to the south interlacing closely with the headwaters of Baker Creek and to the west draining a narrow strip of country extending backward only a few miles from the main valley.

The Baker Creek system is of a different character. Baker Creek is formed by the union of tributaries which converge from an irregularly fan-shaped area extending to a distance of about 20 miles north of Tanana. The main stream flows for the greater part of its course in a southeasterly direction close to a low ridge which limits the valley on the south and then turns abruptly through the ridge to flow for the rest of its course southwest toward the Tanana. The flat valley, known as Baker Flats, extends northward 6 miles or more to the southern limit of the hill country and forms a feature similar in character to Tolovana Flats.

The tributaries are mostly from the north, and the most important of these northern tributaries or their branches are the Hutlina, Pioneer, Eureka, Glenn, Rhode Island, Omega, and Thanksgiving creeks. They rise to the east opposite the headwaters of the Tolovana, farther west receive the drainage from the southern slopes of Wolverine Mountain, and still farther to the west drain the southern slopes of the main divide opposite the headwaters of Minook Creek. They flow in southwesterly courses and beyond the edge of the hills partly unite and partly find their way by indefinite courses to Baker Creek. They exhibit at first the characteristics of the streams of the northern slope, flowing deep below the inclosing ridges in narrow steep-walled canyons. The valleys widen rapidly, however, and their lower open parts merge with gentle gradients into Baker Flats while the long even-topped ridges between them descend somewhat more abruptly to the same level.

A most striking detail of iorm development which finds constant repetition is the unsymmetrical cross section of the valleys. The southeast side descends steeply a distance of several hundred feet to the stream, while the northwest side rises gradually for a distance of a half mile or more back from the stream and then ascends somewhat more steeply to the ridge line and descends abruptly to the neighboring parallel stream. Benching has been associated with this unsymmetrical development of the valleys, and the gradual northwestern slopes have afforded conditions favorable for the retention of gold-bearing gravels at elevations of 200 to 300 feet and more above the present level of the streams.

The main features of the Baker system are the long, even-topped ridges extending southward from the main divide, inclosing the unsymmetrical valleys, the gradually sloping benches of the lower valleys, and, beyond the terminations of the rid<<sa. and the benched areas of the lower slopes, Baker ¥\a.\a.

16 Geography And Geology Of Bampabt Begion.

Vegetation.

The high ridges are mostly bare of trees and covered only with the brownish vegetation of the tundra. The lower ridges are often covered with a dense growth of scattering spruce. The timber, however, is confined generally to the nu&in valleys, where it is most thickly concentrated in scattering bunches along the water courses. Spruce is the most important tree and frequently attains a diameter of two or more feet. Birch and poplar are associated with it, and in the larger valleys there is a small proportion of tamarack. Willows and alders grow abundantly near the streams. There is said to be good timber in the lower valley of the Ctanika, and some good timber is known to occur in Tolovana Valley. Beaver Valley, where crossed by the Survey party, contained but a small amount of timber suitable for mining purposes, and the part of the valley observable from the surrounding hills showed but small areas of timber. The low ridges forming the eastern side of Beaver Valley east of the White Mountains present in places the appearance of a well-timbered country, but are in reality covered only with a thick growth of small spruce. The upper valley of Hess Creek and the open valleys of its tributaries contain also abundant small spruce with some larger timber near the streams. The valley of Minook has contained considerable timber of sufficient size for mining purposes, but there is only a small amount of such timber left. The valleys of the southern slope facing Baker Flats contain but little timber of large size, and thus far the resources of Hutlina and Baker valleys, where there is said to be some good timber, have been but little utilized. The main supply for the Rampart region must come from Yukon Valley or be imported, and lumber in 1904 was worth as high as $100 a thousand. Timber for fuel purposes is abundant in most of the valleys and on the lower slopes.

Feed for horses can generally be found on the sunward-facing slopes of the main valleys, where there is often a luxuriant growth of grass among the birches. Grass grows abundantly on portions of the high bench near Rampart, and there are large grass-covered areas in Tolovana Flats. Vegetables can be grown easily, and at Hot Springs, a locality near the Tanana, they are raised in large quantities and sold to the miners. The Government has an experimental farm on the north side of the Yukon opposite Rampart. Blueberries and cranberries are almost always to be found in abundance, and at one locality in the Rampart region currants and red raspberries were being preserved for winter consumption.

Geology.

General Features.

The bed rock in the western part of the Yukon-Tanana country, while including some small areas of metamorphic schists, is made up mostly of sedimentary rocks, less metamorphosed than the schists lying to the east. The prevailing color is black from the large amount of carbonaceous matter present in the slates, but associated white limestones often become prominent and in the White Mountains through their color and topographic development emphasize the lithologic change from the quartzite-schists, quartz-mica-schists, and gneisses of the Fortymile, Birch Creek, and Fairbanks regions to the younger-looking rocks of the western areas. A considerable variety of igneous rocks occur in the vicinity of Rampart, and greenstones are common throughout the area. The general strike of the rocks is northeast and southwest. They have everywhere been closely folded and the folding seems to have been most intense in the Rampart region, where there has been further deformation of the rocks, resulting in some cases in brecciation.

Geology.

Stratigraphic Succession.

The variety of the rocks and the close folding which they have undergone have rendered difficult the attainment of definite knowledge regarding their sequence, thickness, and contact relations. Their areal distribution, so far as observed in the narrow belt of the country traversed, is shown on the accompanying geologic map (PI. I), and the provisional order of stratigraphic succession is outlined in the following tabular statement:

Provisional tabular statement of stratigraphy.

Age.

Formation name.

Contact relation. Lithologic character.

Quaternary

Recent

Stream gravels.

Pleistocene

Bench gravels.

Tertiary

Kenai

Unconformity to Paleozoics.

Conglomerates, sandstones, and consolidated clays.

Black carbonaceous sandstones and

Cretaceous?

Pennsylvanian or Permo-Carboniferous.

Devonian

slates. Gray, greenish, and black shales with

Rampart and possibly other formations.

(Fortymile and Birch Creek.)

thin siliceous beds. Gray and blue, partly siliceous lime-

Pre-Devonlan

Unconformity

stones, greenstones, quartzites, and slates.

Conglomerates and fine fragmentals, slates, and interbedded limestones.

Cherts, slates, and greenstones.

Crystalline limestones.

Quartz-mica and garnetiferous schists. Quartzite schists.

The oldest rocks are believed to be the schists, predominantly quartzite-schists, which occur southeast of the White Mountains in the ridge which forms the western limit of Chatanika Valley, and the garnetiferous quartz-mica-schists with associated highly crystalline limestones which occupy a small area in the Rampart region along Minook Creek in the vicinity of Ruby Creek. Their age is unknown, and they are referred in this report to the pre-Devonian. The rocks from the White Mountains westward, inclusive of the Rampart region, are mostly of Paleozoic age, and the evidence of the few fossils collected indicates the presence of both Devonian and Carboniferous rocks. There is a possibility that some of them are Silurian, but in the absence of positive criteria for their further separation only two divisions have been made. Those regarded as Devonian include a variety of rocks differing greatly in lithologic character and occurring throughout most of the area. Cherts, slates with interbedded coarser fragmentals, greenstones, limestones, and quartzites are the most characteristic types. Along the northern edge of the hill country and at one locality south of Hess Creek fossils determined as Carboniferous were obtained, but the extent and contact relations of the Carboniferous rocks have not yet been determined. The rocks provisionally classed as Cretaceous are of doubtful age. They occur on Wolverine and Lynx mountains. On Wolverine Mountain fragmentary fossils were found which indicate an age not older than the Lower Cretaceous. The Kenai rocks occur along the Yukon and to a short distance up the valley of the Minook. High gravels, regarded as Pleistocene, are found locally along the larger streams to heights of 400 to 500 feet above them. The present valleys are occupied by stream gravels covered generally with muck and moss, and the thickness of the entire deposit, so far as developed on the gold-producing creeks, rarely exceeds 20 feet, but exceptionally is of much greater depth.

Bull. 280—06 2

18 Geography And Geology Of Bampabt Region.

SEDIMENTARY AND METAMORPnOSED FORMATIONS.

Pre-Devonian.

The most characteristic rocks in the eastern portion of the Yiikon-Tanana ooontry are gneisses, quartzite-schists, quartz-inica-schists, gametiferous and hornblende schists, and crystalline limestone. In the Fortymile rion the last three types predominate and have been called by Spurr collectively the Fortymile formation; in the Birch Creek ron and in the recently developed Fairbanks region the quartziteschists and mica-schists, with occasional thin interbedded highly crystalline limestones, constitute the most common rocks and have been called by the same author the Birch Creek formation. They are considered by him older than the Fortymile schists. The age is not known, and for the purposes of this report they are both referred to the pre-Devonian.

The western limit of the large areas of these highly metamorphosed schists is in the ridge limiting on the northwest the valley of Chatanika River. The ridge is fonned of the typical schists with some schistose limestone and graphitic schists, and like the rocks in the Fairbanks region the dip is generally low, a common attitude and one indicating not necessarily simplicity of structure but oftentimes a folding so extreme that the rocks have been folded upon themselves until the dips are often nearly horizontal. The first indication of a change in litholoc character was found in the occurrence a few miles nearer the White Mountains of a feldspathic schist, and then about 3 miles farther to the northwest overlooking Beaver Valley outcrops of a rather coarse-grained, greenish, impure, feldspathic quartzite showing no schistosity and dipping steeply to the west. The northwestern limit of the old schists is apparently somewhere in the intervening densely spruce-clad areas.

No more schists were observed until reaching the Rampart region, where on Minook Creek a small area of gametiferous quartz-mica-schist with associated marbles occurs. This is apparently best developed on Ruby Creek, where the garnets of the schist accumulate rapidly in the sluice boxes. This formation of schist and limestone crosses the Minook at Hopkins Bridge with a northeast strike and a low dip to the southeast. Eagle Rock, about 1 mile below the bridge, is a bluff, 100 feet or more in height, composed of highly crystalline, banded limestone. There are minor folds and a general low dip to the north. Although the area is small and the marbles resemble somewhat other crystalline limestones in the vicinity they are so much more highly metamorphosed than any of the other rocks and are so closely associated with gametiferous schists which are not known to occur elsewhere in the region that both the limestone and the schists stand in contrast to the adjacent rocks. The contact relations were not observed, but these rocks are believed to be unconformable with and older than the adjacent rocks to the north and south. Their resemblance to some of the schists and marbles of the Fortymile rion is a striking one. They apparently strike off northeast under younger rocks.

No rocks were observed in the areas between these two occurrences of schist which suggest a correlation. Further investigation may reveal the horizontal equivalency of some of the highly metamorphosed schists with less metamorphosed rocks of known age, but all that it seems possible to do at present is to place them by themselves and call them pre-Devonian.

Devonian.

Between the two areas of schists above described, the one the westward extension of the schists of the Fairbanks region, the other a small area the limits of which are not yet known, are the rocks most of whidi are regarded provisionally as Devonian. The bulk of the formation, as already mentioned, is made up of cherts, slates

a Spurr, J. E., and Goodrich, H. B., Geology of the Yukon gold district, Alaska: Eighteenth Ann. Kept. U. S. Qeol. Survey, pt. 3, 1898, pp. 140-155.

Geology Devonian. 19

with alternating beds of conglomerate, arkose, and quartzite, limestones, and largely tuffaceous greenstones. These rocks may be roughly divided into at least two groups according as cherts, slates, greenstones, and conglomeratic rocks, or massive limestones with greenstones, slates, and quartzites predominate. It is believed that those forming the first division are older and it may become advisable on more detailed work to make a separate formation of them. The term Rampart series has been used by Spurr in grouping similar rocks occurring in other parts of the Yukon- Tanana country. In those areas, however, diabase, tuffs, and green slates are most abundantly developed, and carbonaceous slates and limestones, although frequently present, are of minor importance. In the areas under consideration, while the greenstones are found throughout, black slates, cherts, and massive dark- and light-gray limestones are more common and more strikingly characteristic of the formation. A section of these rocks is encountered in traveling from Chatanika River northward to the southern edge of Yukon Flats, a distance of about 60 miles, and this section, although incompletely studied, has afforded some material regarding the structure and age of th.e rocks which compose it.

The general strike in the southern part of the section is about N. 50° E. and it is instructive to note that the direction of structure which is so strongly emphasized topographically in the Alaska Range is here repeated. In the northern part of the section the strike is more nearly east and west. The rocks are closely folded and in most cases their attitude is nearly vertical. There is a distinct symmetrical arrangement with reference to a northeast-southwest axis, and, so far as our present knowledge extends, this symmetrical disposition of the rocks seems to be a fact of importance in regard to their structure and succession. This repetition is most noticeable in the occurrence of limestone. The White Mountain limestones with associated greenstones, flanked on the southeast by red and black slates and prominent masses of impure quartzite, find a repetition 15 miles to the north in another limestone belt less conspicuous topographically than that of the White Mountains, with a similar association of rocks and flanked also on the northwest by similar slates and quartzites. The rocks of the middle portion of the section are slates, greenstones, and cherts, and, although the relations are not clear, there are two main areas of cherts about 3 miles apart with black, purple, and greenish slates and some greenstones in the intervening space. In passing northward from the northern belt of cherts toward the northern belt of limestones there are conglomerates containing abundant chert pebbles. In passing southward toward the limestones of the White Mountains there are also chert conglomerates with pebbles an inch or more in diameter associated with finer rocks containing grains of chert and fragments of slate. Black slates are also common and thin beds of conglomerate are interbedded with them. The slates are closely succeeded by the limestones on either side and, although the direct relation of the two was not observed, it is believed that the limestones are younger than the rocks above described. The quartzite flanking the limestone on the north, which is very similar to other quartzites apparently interbedded with the limestones, contains occasional fragments of chert and it seems best for the purposes of this report and until further knowledge is available to consider the flanking slates and quartzit as partly of the same age as the limestones and partly younger.

Fossils found in the limestones of the White Mountains have been determined as characteristic of early to middle Devonian, and some of them are possibly of Silurian age; but the stratigraphic association makes it probable that all the remains belong approximately to the same horizon and the determinations point moredefinitely to the Devonian. No fossils were found in the limestones of the northern belt, but the rocks and their associations are very similar and no reasons were found for assigning them to a different position.

a Spun, J. E., Eighteenth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 3, pp. 155-169,

20 Geography And Geology Of Bampabt Begion.

If this interpretation of the section is correct the purple, green, and black slates and cherts with associated freenstones are probably the oldest rocks in the recon and may possibly belong to the Silurian, but from the fact tliat wherever they have been found to occur they are intimately related to limestones, which, where determinable, have been found to be Devonian, it seems best at present to call them all Devonian.

The contact relations of these rocks with the rocks to the north and soath of them are not clear. On the south the red and black slates with massive greenish quartzite form a ridge just west of Beaver Creek between Beaver Creek and the White Mountains, and outcrops of the quartzite occur sparingly southeast of Beaver Creek, where their attitude is nearly vertical. At the northern end of the section the relations are different. Fossils determined as Pennsylvanian or Permo-Carboniferous were found in a low, outlying ridge overlooking the Flats, and across a narrow valley on the south are black slates and cherts at the base of a high ridge, the topmost points of which are quartzites containing occasional chert pebbles with red and black slates and some dark limestones. All of these are regarded as Devonian.

The evidence at hand seems sufficient only to justify the statement that in the section from Chatanika River to Yukon Flats there is a large area of closely folded rocks, mostly of Devonian age, flanketl on the south by highly metamorphosed schists and on the north by slates partly similar lithologically to the Devonian slates, but containing Carboniferous fossils. Any interpretation of the section on the basis of our present knowledge is open to objections. For example, dips were observed in the White Mountains which indicate a local anticlinal structure, but the folding has been so close that only more detailed studies of the structure supported by more than the fragmentary paleontologic evidence at our disposal will afford the basis for a reasonable approximation to the truth. The present hypothetical interpretation of the section is regarded as a temporary basis only, the first at hand, perhaps, for the preliminary description of the material occurring in this area. Whether it shall be found sufficiently strong to be given the dignity of a permanent basis in the explanation of the structure or must be replaced by one better able to bear the accumulating weight of evidence is, for the purposes of this report, immaterial.

Passing to the Rampart region there is found a variety of rocks like those already described. The disturbance which they have undergone has been greater and intrusion by igneous material more active. Folding has been intense, many of the rocks have been greatly sheared and in some cases brecciated by the forces to which they have been subjected. A section northward from Baker Flats to Rampart is shown in PI. I. The strike of the rocks is nearly east and west. The gametiferous micaschists and marbles of Ruby Creek, considered as pre-Devonian, are followed on the north by cherts and greenstones and on the south by rocks including slate, chert, sheared chert conglomerate, fine-grained rocks having the same composition as the chert conglomerate and also sheared till they have been rendered schistose, massive quartzites, and siliceous limestones, in places much brecciated. Here, also, the succession seems to be from chert and slates through chert conglomerate to fine slate and limestones.

There are other localities in the Rampart region where a partial succession has been observed. The main divide to the east of Lynx Mountain is composed mostly of chert flanked by chert conglomerate, and at one locality near the southeastern base of Lynx Mountain there are fine exposures showing at the base a conglomerate containing sheared chert pebbles several inches in diameter, changing gradually to alternating beds of finer material. At a locality not far from this gray slates were observed highly folded and cleaved and pitching eastward. These slates contain thin beds of quartzite a few inches to a foot or more thick which contain grains of chert.

In Troublesome Valley the succession seems to be the same. A section southward

Geology Devonian. 21

between Troublesome and Hunter creeks shows greenstones, cherts, sheared chert conglomerate, and slates, with disconnected limestone masses in which fossils determined as Devonian were found. The chert conglomerates are frequently found in close association with the limestones, and at the locality where Devonian corals were collected conglomerate with chert and quartz pebbles is found in close association with the limestone, which also contains quartz pebbles.

Most of the rocks encountered in the Rampart region are a continuation along the strike of those occurring in the section from the White Mountains nearly to Yukon Flats. There are the same lithologic types, the same associations, and, so far as the meager fossil evidence is available,- it corroborates the relationship of the rocks in the two areas.

Following is the list of fossils collected by the party. The determinations were made by Mr. E. M. Kindle, of the United States Geological Survey:

Fossils from the White Mountains.

4 AP 240. This lot contains two corals, a Michelina and a ZaphrentiSj neither of which is specifically determinable. Horizon probably Devonian.

4 AP 241. Favosites near epidermatus occurs in this collection indicating a horizon of Middle Devonian age.

4 AP 242. Specimens of a coral comparable with Favosites winchelli comprise the collection from this locality. Horizon probably middle Devonian.

4 AP 243, 245, and 246. These several lots represent the same horizon. The fauna as represented in the collection comprises a single species of brachiopod Gypidula of pseudo-gal eaius. The horizon represented is either late Silurian or early Devonian, probably the latter.

4 AH 186. Includes only poorly preserved specimens of Cladopwa. Probably of middle Devonian age.

4 AH 193. The fossils represented are Cytherelki sp., Cladopora sp., and Ptilodidya? cf . frondosa. The horizon is probably Silurian.

4 AH 194. Favosites near limitaris occurs in this lot, indicating a horizon probably near middle Devonian.

4 AH 195. Contains an undetermined Stromatopora. Age probably Devonian.

Fossils from the Rampart region.

4 AP 303. Two poorly preserved specimens of Aulacophyllum comprise this lot. The horizon represented may be either Devonian or Silurian, so far as the evidence from this material indicates.

4 AP 317. Minute fragments of small corals in a breccia comprise this lot. Fossils too fragmentary for determination of the age.

Carboniferous.

At the extreme northern limit of the hill country, in a minor ridge bordering Yukon Flats, there are greenish, grayish, and black slates, with siliceous material, scattered fragments of which were found to contain fossils indicating a Pennsylvanian or Permo-Carboniferous age. At another locality, about 15 miles to the southwest, just south of Hess Creek, fossils also regarded as Carboniferous were found in soft black carbonaceous shales. At both localities the rocks are in close association on the south with cherts and slates, and it is possible that some of the cherts may be of Carboniferous age. All that can be aflSrmed at present is that in the northern part of the area there occur Carboniferous rocks, whose extent and relations to the rocks of Devonian age are not yet determined.

The following fossils, determined by Mr. George H. Girty, were collected at the two localities and the discussion of them is quoted from hi ttV.,

22 Geography And Geology Of Rampart Region.

FofwUiffrom near Yukon FUih and from Hew Creek, Alaska.

4 Ah '213.

Stenopora, two sp. Rhombopoia sp.

Fenestella sp. Productus ? sp.

Rhombopora Hp. Lima ? sp.

4 AP 270. Fistulipora sp. Rhombopora sp.

Stromatopora ? sp. Rhombopora sp.

sp. Spirlfer n. sp. ?

Fistulipora sp. Hustedia vf. H. compressa Meek.

Fistulipora ? sp.

4 Ap 277.

Coral ?p. Poljrpora ? sp.

Lithostrotion ? sp. Archimedes ? sp.

Fistulipora 3 sp. Productus Kp.

Rhombopora sp. Euomphalus sp.

The presence of the form identified as Hustedia compre9a seem.s to show that lot 270 belongs in the Pennsylvanian, perhaps in the Permo-Carboniferous. The ages of the other lots, although without much doubt being Carboniferous, are less certain. While probably no species is common to all three collections, yet in a general way the facies is much the same, and it is quite possible that all represent the same fauna.

It will be observed that only in one case have the forms collected been identified specifically. In many instances the material is too imperfectly preserved to admit of more than the genus being determined. In others the species are distinct from those of the MLssitasippi Valley sections, and entirely new unless some of them have been described in European and Asiatic publications not included in my bibliography and therefore difficult of reference.

I have consulted freely with Mr. Bassler wherever the Bryozoa were concerned.

Cretaceous.

High up on the flanks of the Wolverine and Lynx mountains are black, rather massive, impure sandstones and shales. In the sandstones of Wolverine Mountain, which form great rock piles along the upper parts of the spurs at an altitude of over 1,000 feet above the base of the mountain, were found fragments of dicotyledonous leaves and a part of an indeterminable bivalve. The shales, also, were found to contain a few obscure plant remains. The only positive result obtained is the fact that there are rocks occupying the highest parts in the area, which are at least as young as the Lower Cretaceous and far younger than the rocks of the lower slopes of Wolverine Mountain, where limestones were found containing corals, the stratigraphic value of which is sufficient only to determine the age as either Silurian or Devonian. They rest on the upturned edges of the older rocks and have themselves undergone considerable deformation. Just how much is to be included with these rocks has not been determined. The associated black, carbonaceous, slaty shales are like those closely associated with the rocks regarded as Devonian. The black, sandy beds, in which the fossils were found are unlike those observed elsewhere and resemble the Upper Cretaceous rocks which occur lower down the Yukon. They are entirely different from the Kenai rocks near Rampart and are referred provisionally to the Cretaceous.

Rocks determined as Kenai occur along the Yukon above Rampart and are found also for a short distance up the valley of Minook Creek, where they contain a small amount of coal. There are conglomerates, sandstones, and clays resting unconformably on the older rocks. The degree of consolidation is hardly sufficient in some cases to withstand the pick, and prospect holes have been sunk into this formation under the impression that the material belonged to the stream deposits. These rocks are folded, but otherwise are little changed.

Geology Igneous Rocks. 23

Quaternary.

The changes m elevation with reference to sea level which the Yukon-Tanana country has undergone have left at various altitudes benches, sometimes of considerable extent, which stand generally in a definite relation to the present drainage lines. An accompaniment of benching has been the deposition upon some of the benches of gravel deposits, part of which are regarded as of Pleistocene age. Benches are prominently developed along Hess Creek and its tributaries, along the Minook, and along the tributaries of Baker Creek. The deposits of the high bench of the Minook, approximately 500 feet above the present stream, are of interest with reference to the occurrence of gold in the tributaries of Minook Creek. The bench gravels of the Baker drainage have proved in some places to be of great economic importance. The description of these gravels and the deposits of the present streams is given elsewhere in this report in the account of the gold placers.

Igneous Rocks.

The eastern part of the Yukon-Tanana country is characterized by an abundance of intrusive and extrusive rocks of varied composition. There are several batholithic masses varying in composition from granite to quartz-diorite, with numerous apophyses in the country rock. Acid granitic rocks are abundant, and occur commonly in small dikes, some of which are comparatively fresh, while others have been rendered schistose along with the country rock. These become less abundant toward the west and seem to disappear. In the Birch Creek and Fairbanks regions the most common rock of igneous origin is biotite-granite. After crossing the White Mountains no rocks of igneous origin except greenstones were encountered until reaching the immediate vicinity of Rampart. That region has been an area of great igneous activity, in which granitic rocks and more basic granular rocks are common, occurring as small intrusive masses and narrow dikes, and their extrusive representatives are also to be found in small amount. The igneous rocks will not be considered in detail, and only such description will be included as seems neces- , sary for the purposes of this report. They may be grouped roughly as granitic rocks with their surface representatives, monzonitic rocks, greenstones, and basalt with associated glass. The most characteristically developed of them are the greenstones which occur throughout the area. The basaltic rocks so far as observed have but a limited, distribution.

Granitic Rocks.

The granitic rocks are not of common occurrence. The most extensive mass observed forms a part of the summit of Wolverine Mountain, whre it occupies an area about 1,000 feet wide. It is a porphyritic, massive, gray rock composed chiefly of quartz, phenocrysts of orthoclase a half inch or more in diameter, considerable plagioclase, some biotite and hornblende, and a little pyroxene. The rock is finer grained toward the margin. The slates in contact with it have been indurated and their fracture surfaces are flecked with the products of metamorphism, chiefly andalusite.

A similar rock occurs west of the mountain near the saddle where the trail passes through the ridge to descend toward the Hutlina. This is also a gray porphyritic rock, but the porphyritic feldspars sometimes an inch or more in diameter have a tabular development. The proportion of pyroxene is greater, there is less quartz, and the composition of the rock is transitional to that of the monzonitic rocks. Rocks similar in composition to those of Wolverine Mountain occur also in Lynx Mountain along with monzonitic rocks, but their outcrops were not observed.

A siliceous rock occurs west of Minook Creek about 7 miles from Rampart. It is a finely banded, grayish-brown rock and has been complexly folded on a small scale,

§4 Geogkaphy And Geology Of Rampart Region.

so that in a hand specimen most intricate foldings may be observed. Brecciation has been common, and the interstices of the fragments have been filled with ferruginous matter. The banding resembles sedimentation, but under the microscope the rock is found to be composed almost entirely of minute spherulites clouded with a very minute development of graphic intergrowths. The rock forms a sharply pointed prominent hill rising about 200 feet above the valley. Its relations to the surrounding rocks are not known, but small dikes of a rock composed essentially of quartz and feldspar phenocrysts occasionally occur in a fine-grained, partly graphic groundmass, and it is possible these are derived from the same magma.

Monzonitic Rocks.

The most common intrusive is a monzonitic rock which varies in color from dark brown to nearly black. It is a medium to fine-grained rock and the coarser varieties show abundant plates of reddish-brown mica, the most striking mineral present. All the minerals of this rock are fresh and include about equal proportions of an orthoclastic feldspar and of plagioclase which is embedded in the irregular limpid mottled grains of potash feldspar, abundant pale-green monoclinic pyroxene, biotite, and a small proportion of olivine. Hypersthene occurs frequently, its small prisms often fringing the grains of olivine. There is some apatite and often much magnetite.

This rock occurs in Lynx Mountain and in the ridge at the head of Glenn, Rhode Island, and Omega creeks, where it forms a mass of considerable extent. The numerous small dikes of minette-like rock in the slates, from 1 foot to 3 feet thick, containing prominent plates of bleached biotite and a large proportion of nearly colorless prismatic crystals of monoclinic pyroxene, are probably to be referred to this type.

The coarse granular type is similar in composition and texture to the rock found in 1902 by the Brooks party at one locality on the eastern side of the Alaska Range, and this occurrence in the Rampart region is the only one thus far found in the Yukon- Tanana country.

Greenstones.

The greenstones include serpentine, altered gabbro, diabase, basalt, and much tuifaceous material, and have frequently been intruded by fresh diabasic rocks. Some show clearly their mode of origin. Others are indefinite aphanitic chert-like rocks. They occur throughout the area from the White Mountains to Rampart. Their dark color contrasts strongly with the associated limestones of the White Mountains; they form the prominent ridge across Beaver Valley to the west of these mountains, and occur in the area between this ridge and the Flats. Farther west they become prominent in the ridge north of Hess Creek. In the Rampart rion they form the bed rock in tlie lower part of Troublesome Valley and are the most widely distributed rocks in the lower valley of the Minook below the mouth of Florida Creek.

The greenstones are partly intrusive and partly extrusive to the rocks in which they occur. Those in association with the limestone are, so far as has been observed, parallel to the structure, and furthermore some of them are altered basalts containing numerous amygdules filled with calcite. Diabasic intrusives occur cutting the serpentine, and in the Rampart region intruding the Rampart slates.

A fresh olivine basalt occurs on Minook Creek about 1 mile above the mouth. On Hunter Creek, a short distance above the mouth, and apparently related to the basalt in their occurrence, are volcanic glasses containing basic feldspar phenocrysts.

Summary.

The greater part of the area is occupied by closely folded sedimentary rocks, and most of these are regarded as of Devonian age. Folding and metamorphism appear

GEOLOGIC StMMAiRY. 25

to have been most active in the Rampart region, and some of the rocks liave been rendered somewhat schistose, and others have been by the forces which have been at work. The igneous rocks include both intrusives and extrusives, and are present in great variety and abundance in the Rampart region.

Most of the gold-producing creeks tributary to Minook Creek from the east head in areas composed of slates, quartzites, feldspathic quartzites, chert, and sheared chert derivatives, and flow in the lower parts of their valleys through areas of greenstone, which are largely tuffaceous. The schistose, fine-grained fragmentals, alternating with the slates and quartzites, form the greater part of the bed rock in the valleys of the streams tributary to Baker Creek. The same rocks strike off northeastward and occupy large areas in the valleys of the headwaters of the Tolovana, which were traversed by the Brooks party in 1902, and still farther in the same direction are found in the White Mountain section. There is no essential difference in the bed rock of the northern and southern sides of the divide in the Rampart region, except that the greenstones are confined mostly to the northern side in the lower part of Minook Valley below Florida Creek. Victoria Creek, a tributary of Beaver Creek, where prospects were reported in the fall of 1904, heads in an area of chert, slates, and greenstones, like those of the Rampart region.

The occurrence of gold has not been traced to a definite relation to any particular bed rock or to the quartz seams, which are rather common in the slates. Many of the dikes are more or less mineralized, and some of them are reported to carry values. The light-colored acid dikes of the Fortymile region, with their associated quartz veins, were net observed in the Rampart region. The slates contain generally a large amount of carbonaceous matter, and anthracitic material is common in some of the small quartz seams. Pyrite is often found in both the slates and the quartz seams. On creeks where the conditions are apparently least complex the only rocks observed are the carbonaceous slates with quartz seams, which occasionally are a foot or more in thickness, and the monzonitic intrusives in the ridge about the headwaters. The nuggets have frequently a considerable quantity of quartz attached, and it seems probable that the gold has been derived from the small quartz sems. The only general fact which seems to emphasize itself is that the occurrence of gold in quantities of economic importance is limited to an area where deformation of the rocks has been intense and where there has been much igneous activity.

THE aOlA PLACERS.

Bv Frank L. Hsts.

General Statement.

The placers of the Rampart region were studied by the Survey party for ten days during the first part of September, 1904. Every working claim was visited except those on Gunnison Creek, but in a of cases where claims are worked only during the winter the operators could not seen. Foot traverses were carried over the region and a sketch map was made (PI. III). The time allowed only a hasty reconnaissance, though if it had been t<) know the dates of arrival and departure of the boats more time could have been put upon the study of the region. The miners met were universally generous, hearty, and hospitable, ready to help whenever possible with information or otherwise, and the work was thus made much more effective and pleasant.

The placer diggings near Ramimrt may be grouped according to the drain b}'8- tems to which they belong. The three general groups, Minook Creek, Baker Creek, and Troublesome Creek, are separateti by a divide having the general shape of a Y whose stem runs northeastward between the Minook an 1 Baker Creek drainage, whose left arm runs nearly northward from Wolverine Mountain, about 13 miles southeast of Rampart (PI. Ill), and whose right arm runs nearly eastward, from the eastern base of the mountain. Between the arms, extending northward, is the "Troublesome country", as the region surrounding the creek of that name is known from its steep, rocky ridges and deep, narrow valleys. Each group embraces only the diggings located on the creek that gives the group its name, or upon its tributaries.

In the Minook Creek group most of the gold-bearing creeks are on the east side, nearer the left-hand arm of the Y, only a few diggings being on the west side of the creek. In the Baker Creek group the diggings now known are on the side nearer the Y, and in the Troublesome Creek group the only diggings known are on the west side of the creek, on branches flowing from the left arm of the Y. The extreme length of the area containing known gold-bearing localities is about 30 miles and its greatest width is about 12 miles, the total area being probably less than 350 square miles.

Winter prospecting is being done on Squaw Creek, a tributary of the Yukon about the size of Minook Creek, which enters the river nearly Rampart.

The first placer claim in the Rampart region was located and worked in 1896 on Little Minook Creek by F. S. Langford, though gold had been previously discovered by John Minook, a Russian half-breed, who seems to have sluiced out a small amount of gold, and for whom the creek was named. Some prospecting had probably been done along Minook Creek a number of years before. Since the first systematic work in 1896 the region has been a (constantly productive one. Though the

U.S. Geological Survey

Bulletin No.Z80 Pl.Ii

General Statement. 27

amounts taken out have not been so large as those mined at places in the Klondike district or at a few of the claims near Nome, yet a number of creeks in this region produce a fair amount of gold. At first Little Mi nook and Hunter creeks were the only producers, and during 1897 no new ground seems to have been found, but in 1898 a small amount was taken out of Quail Creek. Afterwards gold was discovered upon Little Minook Junior, Hoosier, Ruby, and Slate creeks of Minook Creek Valley. In the meantime prospecting was carried on over the divide on the south, and deposits along Baker Flats were discovered. In fact, each year has shown some new source of production, and it seems likely that more may still be found. The output to the fall of 1904, from the best available data, was $1,112,000, and that for the year ending at the same time was about $232,900.

As Rampart lies only about 1 degree south of the Arctic Circle, the cold of winter is severe and the open season is comparatively short. During the early part of June thawing is generally so far advanced that some preliminary work and sluicing can be done. Cold snaps are likely to make the work intermittent at first, but the latter* part of June and all of July and August can be depended upon for outside operations. Frosts are likely to occur the first part of September, though mining can sometimes be carried on during practically the whole month. In 1904 the sluice boxes froze up on the 5th of September, and after that date there were only a few days on which sluicing could be done.

The surficial deposits are always frozen, and the limit of the frozen ground has not yet been reached, but there are channels in the frozen gravels through which water circulates freely at all seasons. Large masses of ground ice often occur in the muck, though none are found in the gravels. The depth of the alluvial deposits sometimes exceeds 100 feet, but it is generally less than one-fifth of that amount.

The larger part of the mining has been carried on by drifting and open cuts, depending on the season and the local conditions ; but during the season of 1904 two hydraulic plants began active operations, and two more were under construction. Ordinarily, wherever the gold-bearing alluvials are of sufficient depth they are mined by drifting during the winter and the dirt taken out is washed in the spring. In some cases the presence of water interferes very seriously with the drift mining and renders gravels otherwise workable comparatively valueless. Drifting can not ordinarily be carried on in the summer time, because the warm air melts the ground and causes it to cave. In thawing the ground for drift mining steam points have generally superseded wood fires, though the latter are still sometimes used.

During 1904 wages were $5 and board for a 10-hour day. This is equivalent to $6.50 to $9 a day, varying with the locality. The men who work for wages are generally strong and healthy and render a full equivalent for their pay.

The currency of the country, as in the early stages of most placer camps, is gold dust. The different values of the gold from the different creeks makes the fixing of the price at which it should pass rather difficult, and the result is that, while some gold passes considerably beow its value, some passes at more than it is actually worth. The gold assays from $14.88 to over $19 per ounce, and passes at $15.50 to $18 per ounce.

Minook Creek Group.

This group includes" the placers of Minook Creek and its tributaries within limits of 5 to 13 miles from Rampart. Most of the diggings, and much the richest so far discovered in the group, are upon the east side of the valley, and none have been found in the main valley above the mouth of Slate Creek, 11 miles from Rampart.

The hills are generally rounded or flat- topped. The valleys are canyon-like, with steep walls 500 feet or more high, and benches are prominent features of the topography. The larger streams have cut their valleys down to a grade varying from 40 to 80 feet to the mile. The watershed of Minook Valley is narrow on the west, sometimes

28 Gold Placeks Of Rampart Region.

not over a half mile or a mile wide, and is probably at no place over 4 miles wide. On the east it is 5 to 7 miles through the jfpeater part of the length of the creek.

The total prmluction of the Minook Creek niup hats been about $702,600, of which $75,500 was during the winter of 1903-4 and $10,900 during the summer of 1904, making a total for the year of $86,400.

The hurficial depositi are derived from the country rocks, mostly shile, quartzite, and greenstone, and reach occai*ionally a depth of over 100 feet, though usually much less than that, and there is generally a large proportion of muck.

Minook Creek.

General description. — Minook Creek emptier into the Yukon just east of Rampart, and is about 25 miles long. Near its mouth it is a shallow stream 50 or 60 feet wide, with a flow of possibly 200 second-feet or 8,000 miner's inches. It flows in a northerly direction through a deep valley whose width varies from a few hundred feet to about a half mile. The creek receives a of large tributaries from the east- Hunter, Little Minook, Little Minook Junior, Hoosier, Florida, Chapman — and a number of creeks whose names are unknown. From the west it receives Montana, Ruby, Slate, and Granite creeks and a few small tributaries. Granite Creek, about 17 miles from the Yukon, is the largest western tributary, carrying probably 36 to 40 secondfeet; Minook Creek carries jierhaps 40 to 50 second-feet at the junction. These approximate estimates are given to convey some idea of the comparative sizes of the streams.

Aneroid barometer readings by Mr. Arthur J. Collier showed a descent of about 760 feet from the road house," IJ miles above Granite Creek, to the Yukon. As the distance is about 18 miles, these readings indicate a gradient of about 42 feet to the mile. In the next 3i miles above he noted a rise of 240 feet, showing a gradient of about 68 feet to the mile. According to Mr. M. E. Koonce,* of Rampart, the creek has a fall of 40 feet in the vicinity of the mouths of Ruby and Slate creeks. Aneroid ])barometer readings of Mr. L. M. Prindle and the writer showed a somewhat higher gnide for the central of the creek. It seems likely that Minook Creek has an average gradient of somewhat over 40 feet per mile from the Yukon to Slate Creek and a somewhat steeper gradient above Slate Creek.

Just below the mouth of Slate Creek the Minook spreads into a number of branches in a wide gravel flat. This flat, which is typical of many Alaskan streams, is probably due to a change in the grade of the creek. The stream here is unable to carry the gravels of the swifter water above, and so spreads them the flat. Here are found the so-called "winter glaciers," which sometimes last through the short summers. In 1904 a quarter or half acre of ice still remained when the September frosts occurred. This ice owes its origin to the fact that the channel which carries the water is greatly contracted by freezing in the fall. The resulting hydrostatic pressure cracks the ice and the water overflows and freezes. This process is repeated until a considerable thickness of ice is accumulated.

The valley is V-shaped in cross section, and the eastern slope is often benched, while the western is more abrupt and has remnants of benches at but few places. Five well-marked benches rise at irregular intervals above the floor between Little Minook Junior Creek and Hoosier Creek (fig. 1), the highest of which is about 500 feet. These benches are features of much importance in both the physiography and economic geology of the region. Important gravels cover the highest one, which lies on the east side of the Minook and extends from Hunter Creek to about a mile above Florida Creek. It will be described later. A small remnant of the same bench is found on the north side of the mouth of Montana Creek and another on

a Personal communication. In giving aneroid barometer readings their laclt of reliability is recognized in all cases. h Personal communication.

Minook Creek Group. 29

the north side of the mouth of Ruby Creek. Other remnants are found on the north side of the mouth of Chapman Creek and at a point about 4 J miles above tlie Chapman on the same side of Minook Creek. The last two benches show no gravel. On the west side of the creek but few remnants of benches are found. One, about 50 feet high, extends to a little above the mouth of Hunter Creek, and is probably an extension of a corresponding bench on the south side of the Yukon. It seems probable that all of the benches of Minook Creek may be more or less closely correlated witkthe benches of the Yukon. In the vicinity of the mouth of Slate Creek is a bench, xjttfc in the upturned slates and thin-bedded quartzites to a depth of 12 to 16 feet and covered by 4 or 5 feet of gravel and a foot or more of muck. No gravel has yet been; found upon the benches of intermediate height, but further investigation may show its presence.

In its course the creek flows somewhat north of east for about 2 miles, and here the topography of its valley is altogether different from that of the lower part. The north side is a long, gentle slope with a greater rise in the upper part, while the south side is steep and the stream flows near its base. The asymmetry of this part of the valley is repeated in Eureka, Pioneer, Hutlina, Omega, New York, California, and many other creeks of the region whose valleys lie in parallel or nearly parallel directions.

The rocks in the upper part of the valley are mostly closely folded slates and limestones. Garnetiferous schists occur at Ruby Creek, and greenstones form the bed

Fig. 1. — Diagrammatic sketch of Minook Valley.

rock of the lower valley except near the mouth, where they are partly covered by the Kenai rocks.

The alluvials of the valley are said to be 10 to 12 feet thick and consist of the usual muck (soil mixed with much vegetal matter), peaty soil, and gravel, with much angular debris at the foot of many of the hillsides In the middle part of the valley they consist of about 5 to 6 feet of muck and the same thickness of gravel. The muck thickens toward the sides while the bed rock remains about level. The gravel deposits are derived from local bed rock and contain large numbers of smoothly rounded quartzite bowlders from a few inches to 3 feet in diameter, whose source has been a mystery to many. Some of these bowlders have undoubtedly descended to the present creek bed from the high benches already referred to, in whose gravels they are abundant.

The outcrop of quartzite near the " 72 road house " would in itself seem sufficient explanation for the bowlders below, but above this point the thinner quartzite beds have added many more to the stream. The quartzites are so hard and their abrasion is so slow that while the other rocks wear into sand and small pebbles, or decompose and are swept away, the quartzite bowlders remain and make up a continually larger proportion of the gravels.

Mining. — Minook Creek has not produced a large amount of gold. The wide valley, large stream, and heavy gravels have made mining difficult, so that men

30 (*Old Placers Ok Rampart Rkoion.

with the liniitxMl nioaiiH of the onliiiary liavf found it more advantageous to work tho Hinalk*r Htnams. Tht total to liHM is iilattxl by miners of the rion at $9,9()(). The intU\ is wild to have taken from the central portion of the valley, from luir <liyrinjr?* and iwirtly hy drifting, but in general the gravels do not t*etMii to be rich enough for by and shovel

Nothing was of the <u*cnrren*e of gold in the gravels of Minook Creek the mouth oi Slatt* C'rtek, extvjt that eflors have found throughout its length. Below the mouth of Kuby Cn*ek eolors of gold are wiid to have been found in the gravel of a on the west side of Mimnk Crei'k, a few feet above the present stream, but not in paying quantity. Tlie <lelris hen. is laily a graphitic slate somewhat schistose and highly with ]>yrites. An assay of some of the material gave a trat of silver.

Two small areas worked in the gravels U'tweeii and Slate Creeks ar6 said to have given values of a])Out ]M'r mjuart yanl of IhmI rock; another small area ie said to have given jver yard, and nuggets of values up to 990 are to have found. The gold is t) Ik* jiractieally all upon bed rock. The width of the gravel in whirh gold is is not known, but it is supposed to occur throughout the gravels which floor the valley for a width of half a mile.

A company has formed to hydraulic this of the oreek; considerable preliminary work has been done, some pipe, lumlnr, etc., were on the ground 20, and a large amount nf piin* and other supjilies for the company were brought to Kampart by the steamer SHgir on her hist trip up the Yukon for the seasfm.

Several were on foot for working the gravels in the lowtr part of the valley near the mouth of lloosier Crtek. One was to work them with a and another with s<'raiders. Little was learned of either plan, but from the rougliness of the IhmI rock would schmu a difficult undertaking, except in the limited an'a in which the nn-k setms to the Kenai sediments.

lllCSir BKXCII.

The high bench mentionetl on the east side of (*reek, the most prominent feature of Minook Valley, needs to treat imI here, as on its gravels depends probably in large measure the richness of most of the placers of the Minook region.

This bench, starting at a point alnjut a mile the mouth of Ruby Creek and aljout 9 miles in a straight line the mouth of Minook Creek, continues to Hunter Creek within about 8 miles of the Yukon (PI. IV, -1). The eastern line bounding the bench runs about N. E., so that Hunter Creek and little linook Creek the bench has a width of between 2 J and 8 miles. At its extreme eastern side the IxMich has a height of about 800 feet a])Ove Minook Creek, and it toward the west until the height the stream is only about 500 feet. The surface of the ])ench is remarkably smooth and continuous between the various streams that have cut across it, and resembles a plain through which deep ditches have been cut. It seems to narrow somewhat and crosses Hunter Creek at tbe mouth of 47 Pup" continuing in a northeast direction toward the Yukon. Although the writer was unable to follow the ])ench farther than Hunter Creek, miners assured him that they were able to trace it ])eyond in a northeast direction by ' gravels on the siirfac'c.

The gravels contain chert, diabasic jmd metamorphic rocks, vein quartz, and some other with many heavy quartzite (PI. IV, 7>). They are exposed on tlie of the valhys of the different creeks cutting the bench and have rolled down into the present stream where the great of large quartzite bowlders make considera))le for the miner.

aBurlingame, E. K., & Co., Denver, Colo.

U. 6. Geological Survey

Bulletin No. 280 Pl. Iv

A. VIEW WESTWARD FROM IDAHO BAR DOWN LITTLE MINOOK CREEK. Showing portiontof high bench and internnediate bench.

B. Gravel Of High Bench Of Minook Creek Exposed In Tunnel On

Idaho Bar.

Minook Crkek Group. 31

The origin of these gravels has been puzzling to the miners and prospectors. Their great width and depth, their position so far above the present gravels of Minook Creek, and the presence of the great quantity of heavy quartzite bowlders, where the bed rock would afford no such material, have made it seem to many miners necessary to assume that some larger stream, possibly the Yukon itself, once flowed across the country. This view received some support from the apparent course of an old channel e ther toward or from the northeast, while the present stream flows somewhat west of north from the mouth of Hunter Creek.

The data at hand suggest that Minook Creek while flowing toward the Yukon to the northeast of its present course, when the land stood at a lower altitude, had formed a flood plain of approximately the dimensions of the present high bench. With the elevation of the land along the Yukon, the effects of which are to be seen over hundreds of miles, the mouth of Minook Creek may have been raised through local variations, its grade may have been lessened, and the former flood plain may have had the gravels under discussion deposited over it. As the elevation went on, the creek was forced to the west and finally found a new outlet to the Yukon. The elevation continued, and Minook Creek cut downward, leaving its gravels on a bench above it. The elevation did not, perhaps, proceed steadily but periodically, and thus intermediate benches were formed.

The smaller creeks, Hunter, Little Minook, and Hoosier, all give some support to this hypothesis. By reference to the map (PI. Ill, p. 26) it will be noticed that each of them, upon reaching the edge of the bench gravels, sharply changes its course and flows westward through the high bench. In the case of Hunter Creek arid Little Minook Creek the change in direction amounts to about a right angle, while with Hoosier Creek the angle is less acute but still noticeable. The eastern limit of the bench gravels probably marks the mouths of the various streams when this line represented the course of Minook Creek. As the course of Minook Creek was shifted to the west the "tributary creeks followed under the influence of the same force that shifted the larger stream. The age of the bench is probably Pleistocene, as is shown by vertebrate fossils found in the gravels of Little Minook Junior Creek, which seem to be the oldest gravels of the streams cutting the bench.

Gold has been found in the bench at many places, and between Little Minook Creek and Hunter Creek a large amount of prospecting has been done. This portion of the bench is known as Idaho Bar." One shaft near the middle of the divide toward their eastern edge is said to have shown the gravels to be over 100 feet thick. Many other prospect holes have been sunk in them at various places, and tunnels were run above Little Minook Creek at their eastern edge. Three claims upon this portion of the bench have been patented. From the bottom of one prospect hole, between Little Minook Junior Creek and Hoosier Creek, $27 was reported to have been taken, but drifting failed to show pay. Above Florida Creek, in the small area of high gravels known as **Macdonald Bar," prospect holes gave colors but no pay Apparently the gravels of the bench are nowhere rich enough to pay for drifting, although if it were possible to get hydraulic water to them cheaply they might, perhaps, be worked at a profit. The aneroid barometer readings, though not very reliable, suggest the possibility of bringing water from a point 3 or 4 miles the mouth of Granite Creek under suflScient head to work at least a part of these gravels, if prospecting should show them to be rich enough to warrant the expense.

CREEKS CtlTTrXCi TUE iriGII BENCH.

Hunter, Little Minook, Iittle IMinook Junior, Hoosier, and Florida creeks cut ♦hrough the high bench just described. Of these, Little Minook Junior and Florida creeks have their channels in large part or wholly within this area, while, as already noted, the other creeks lie partly outside and change their courses noticeably upon reaching it. The three longer creeks head close together in the hills which extend

32 Gold Placers Of Rampart Region.

northward fmiu Wolvoriiie MoiinUiiii and divide Mimiok drainafse from that of Tron!)lesoint' Cnt'k. Their vaUevH, even at the lieaxl, are ho steep that the trails lealin out of them an' diilieiilt to travel.

Hunter and IIooiier en*eks not oidy have had a Hutlieiently lar) flow to cut their canyoiiH, hut they did it (prickly (>noiih to have siniv hail op[)ortuiiity to widen them, while IJttle (*nH*k with its smaller volume has not yet traded it valley suitieiently to do mueh side cutting, and Little MintKik Junior and Florida ereeks lack much of havinj cut their IkmIh down to rade.

dnwral (Irxrription. — IInnt(>r ('n*ek is the first trilmtary of any siie above the mouth of Minook It is U'tween \'2 an4l 15 miles long, earries probably a little over 40 and flows in a steeply walleil eanyon-like valley through its whole lenh. In its upiM*r 7 or s miles it north until it cornea to the line of the hirh bench, when it turns at a riht anle and flows west to Minook (Veek.

Through the part of its course* it is a crookil stretun with a narrow V-haped valKy, probably indicating a rejuvenattnl dniinage, while at its turn into the high iH'uch the course becomes almost straight, showing a young, rapidly cut valley. It has but one tributary Inflow the lK*nd — Dawsiui CrtHk — entering from the south alxMit 4 miles the Minook. In the lower iwrt of the valley of Hunter Creek the two sideH are unlike. On the south side the upjHr or 400 feet of the valley wall is very almost The divi'ent then gentler and forms a })road IhmicIi which h1oik*s easily to the cri'ek when* it ends abruptly with a face 15 to 40 feet high. This Innch is proljably to 1k' correlate*! with the lowest one on Oeek. It is with gnivel, varying in thickness from 5 or 6 feet to 15 fcHt, and with muck varying in thickness from 1 foot near the creek to 40 feet or near the hillside.

The creek fiona thnnigh its IxMich, ri'tainingthe meanders it had before tht bench was formed, and is close to the north side of the valley, but occasionally, as a})()ut 4 miles above the mouth, it wanders toward the south side, cutting away most of the liench. The valley has a grade in its lower part of 75 to 80 feet per mile.

Gold was discovered in Hunter Creek Valley by William Hunter (for whom the cnK'k is named) in 1S9(.>, at a point about IJ miles above the mouth. Few definite data were obtain})le concerning the gold pnxluction of the creek, but it is believed to haiti been approximately $LM,(X)(), of which §?3,000 was produced during the winter of nH).S-4 and $8,000 during the summer of 1904, a total for the year of $0,000. Hunter Cnvk has so far jiroved to be a rich creek, though gold has found in the gravels of both the and the present stream bed.

At the head of the crcvk the rock is mostly Rampart slate and qnartsite; tuffa('eous which in the lower part of the valley are overlain near the mouth by Kenai sandstones and conglomerates. The tuffs contain some and a hole 22S feet dei'p was sunk in them under the impression that they belonged to the frozen quick and gravels of the creek. The rocks are much jointed and contain many small veins of quartz and calcite. Pyrite occurs at many places.

The gravels of the creek are 2 to 12 feet thick and are mostly diabase, slate, and chert pebbles from the rock, with many heavy bowlders of quartzite, occasionally reaching .S fei't in diamettT. These largtT bowlders are residuals from the gravels the old bench through whi<-h the valley is cut. Much of the diabase gravel is angular or subangular. Tlx quick over the gravel varies in thickness from 1 foot in })laces along the stream to 40 feet or more where the small streams pour their debris upon the valley

U. 8. Geological Survey

Bulletin No. 280 Pl. V

A. AUTOMATIC DUMP GATE DISCHARGING. CLAIM NO. 3 BELOW. LITTLE MINOOK CREEK.

B. Hydraulicking On Hunter Creek About 4 Miles Above The Mouth.

The ground ice is shown by the darker places in the bank on the left. The bo"\AeT the high bench of Minook Creek, through CxeeV.

Minook Creek Group. 33

Mining. — During the summer of 1904 work was being done oa Discovery claim, about 11 miles above the mouth of the creek; and on No. 17, a claim about 4 miles above the mouth. Several claims between these were being prospected.

On Discovery claim a flume 2,000 feet long, 30 inches wide, and 20 inches deep carried water to a bench about 16 feet above the creek. The bench was covered by 5 to 6 feet of gravel and over this was 1 to 4 feet of muck. The muck and gravel were practically all sluiced off, and the loose rock in wiiich the gold is found to a depth of about 18 inches, was shoveleii into sluice boxes. The rock is partly a diabase and partly a much-folded brown, cherty shale standing on edge. The large bowlders were moved by hand. Three men ground-sluiced an area 75 by 150 feet in thirty days. The gold is mostly bright, smooth "pumpkin seed," with a few small rough pieces (PI. VI.) A considerable amount of small barite pebbles and some hematite occur in the concentrates.

On claim No. 17-A a hydraulic plant was installed during the season of 1904. About a mile of combined ditch and flume had been put in, about 3, 000 feet of which was flume, 32 by 18 inches, delivering 300 inches of water under a head of about 75 feet. A No. 1 Hendy Giant with- a 3-inch nozzle was being used (PI. V, B).

In working the ground the niggerheads and moss are torn up with a team and harrow and washed off with the nozzle. The ground is then left for a week, during which time the muck will thaw 1 to 2 feet. This is then washed off. The process is repeated until the top is removed. The remaining gravel thaws umch more rapidly than the muck. It is found that the gravel can thus be thawed and made ready for sluicing much faster than a hydraulic giant working steadily can wash the gravel into the sluice boxes. In one instance an area 125 by 250 feet was worked out in 40 days. The gravels are 2 to 12 feet thick, averaging about 6 feet, and are covered by 1 to 40 feet of muck. The maximum thickness was found at the mouth of a small tributary gulch where the gravel is mixed with angular fragments of rock. The muck contains much ground ice, which thaws readily when hydraulicked. The ice occurs occasionally as dikes." One such was encountered over 400 feet long and 2 feet thick, intersecting the surface layer of muck and a flat lenticular mass of ground ice down to the gravel, making a depth of 12 to 15 feet.

The gold is found through the lower 3 feot of gravel and in the rough broken bed rock, which is made up of diabase and thin-bedded quartzite. It is bright and smooth, and nuggets up to 10 ounces in weight have been found. There is a small amount of rougher gold. Colors of gold are said to occur throughout the length of the creek, but no workable deposits have been found above the eastern limit of old gravels on the high bench already described. The larger part of the gold has probably been reconcentrated from this bench. The smaller portion of rough gold has probably a local source in the rocks of the creek valley. Drifting is done in the winter at a number of places on the creek, but little information could be obtained as to results.

Little Minook Creek.

General description. — Little Minook Creek empties into Minook Creek about 5 miles from the Yukon and about li miles above the mouth of Hunter Creek, and has so far been the largest producer of the region. In drier years it carries scarcely a sluice head of water. It has a grade of 100 feet or less per mile in the lower 3-mile section to which all the mining has been confined, and its course is remarkable in nearly parallel to Hunter Creek, though considerably shorter, as it has a length of only about 8 miles. Like Hunter Creek it makes a sharp bend upon entering the high bench about 3 miles from Minook Creek. Above this bend Little Minook Creek has a maturer character, as shown by the more crooked valley and greater number of tributaries, while in its course through the bench it has a straight sharply V-shaped valley

Bull. 280—06 3

84 (iMLI) l'LA<'KRS OF RAMPART REGION.

( ri. IV, p. .'iih rut a Irptli III" ti 7tK fi-t't. anl narnw that for nver thiw iiiniitliH wiiiti'f thr Mill ran imt In* m''ii fmiii tlu iMittoiu of the vsilloy.*'

Tin* rn''k follows rlnM-Iy thr HHithcri) of tho valley through it*' lower .'J niil'*. ainl iikimIv the wrHtcrn alNive thii. It eeeiii:* likely that the greater accnniiilatinii nt talus tlir imrth siile nf the envk is iliie to the >greater amount of 'UIlslli!M it H'sultitig in a >:n*atrr amount of hn'akiu); ilown of rix'k by altrriuitr fn'e/iiiir thawing.

(JmIiI was tlismvTiMJ th*- rnn-k in the early niiietiit* by .Khn Minwk. wlin is n*jMrt4'l taken tiut snnu* near the month of the ereek. The tirt riaini, liowi'vrr. was itK'atcd and Iy Mr. F. S. Ingfonl in lStH5, siiu*e which tiiiif tlir cnM'k lias Iktii wnrkfd mntiimonly. The total prtKhietioii if the ereek is caijiiiatrd, from U-.-t aMvrtaiiialIi- liL'ures. to 1k of which $40,000 was takrii durinr tin* winter Mmk;-4 and 'rL'.tHHJ dnrinjr the summer of 1904, making thr Milt put for llir iti A'J.SnH).

Little Min")k CnM'k lH'ad> anionir slate*> ami |uartzites cut by small lUn'oniixped aid dikes. A little a mile the head, the cnvk in cro?*.sed by a lx*lt of (layer, noMlossilifenMi> linu-stone, accompanied, as is often the catie with the Kamparl rocks, hy u'reeii line-trained slates, lleltiw this there is an iiidistiiu-t aeriet? of |iiartzite>. cherts, siliceous shales, ami some sandstones, all >rn.'atly contorted ami accompanied hy larire masses of greenstones which form the laiger j.art the ImmI ruck nf the Inwer valley. At the ftMt of the valley walls the exposure of ii:nenis rocks seems tn li' greater than in their upper jart*?; that is, erosidii seems to have kanji'r ma.ses of igiuHMis rocks. Small veins of quartz

and iir in the ncks, hut mne of great extent. The nu'kt* of the valley

have a considerable imprcLniation iron jjyrites, the oxidation of which lias staiueil them the familiar rusty hmwn of iron oxide.

The placer deposits are all in the stream IhmI. The valley has beiMi cut down so (juickly that no hen<-h <lejK)>its haveformel. The alluvial <leposits (f Little Minook Creek vary in thickness from 7 to 2o feet, of which gravel forms 3 to 12 feet, and mnck, though occaMonally ahseiit. generally to feet. The deposits are shalill the lower part of the creek. The gravels contain fragments of many rocks, of which diahae is most ahundant, but slate, grit, and much vein quartz alM) occur, a in I there are many lapse tjiiartzite bowlders from the above. Much nf the gravel, as wniild exjuMted in a weak stream, is subangular.

In the gravels mammalian bnnes are sail to be found, although none were seen by the writer. In places clear ice is uncovered in digging, the structure of the alluvium shnwiiii: llnnd< had drifted detritus over the ice in the spring, and had thus pnserved it. Locally there is much wood in the muck.

( h-ciii'iu lie, (IikI clninichr nf (h, yoA/. —Values are found in the lower part of the gravels throiiizh a thickness of 1 to feet, and a width of 50 to 200 feet. The gohl fre<|m'ntly occurs in the bed rock, particularly the broken diabase, to a depth of 1 to 2 feet. The streaks extend up the creek only as far as the creek has cut through the high bench gravels, a distance of about miles. There are sixteen l,()Oi)-foot claims within thest limits.

The creek has been well throughout its length, and although colors are found there is no pay the line of tlu' high bench. A small amount of gold, in which were some larg( nuggets, has been founrl in the gulches leading from th( high bench. The amount of gold carried by th( gravels varies greatly, but in the pay streak runs from :2 to ju'r square yard. The gold is generally smooth, chunky, and (PI. VI, j, k, 1, p. liH), and shows a large amount of wear. In the upper part many nuggets are found weighing I to 1 2 ounces apiece, the gold gets finer downstream until near the mouth it is nearly all flat, smooth,

ul'eck, (;. \V., and Labuskie, Wallie, personal communication.

Minook Creek Group. 35

bright, and even in size, looking like golden bran when seen in quantity. There is a very small amount of rough gold, probably of local origin, but the larger part is probably reconcentrated from the old bench gravels of Minook Creek. The gold of the creeks cutting this bench is said to assay over $19 per ounce. This would make it of about the same value per ounce as the Koyukuk gold. The gold is taken in trade by the stores at $18 per ounce. Some small nuggets of copper and a small amount of silver have been found with the gold.

Mining. — Most of the claims are worked by drifting in the winter, though the three lower ones are worked during the summer by open cuts. On the latter the muck and gravel are first ground-sluiced off within 1 or 2 feet of bed rock by means of a dam and automatic gate (PI. V, p. 32), and the remaining gravels are then shoveled into the sluice boxes. The drifted pay gravels have often been "coyoted" or ''gophered;" that is, holes have been sunk here and there without system until, although there is probably much pay still left, the ground is frequently almost unworkable on account of the ice in the old holes which floods the new workings when thawed by a steam point. When workings are filled with water, the mass is said to freeze on the top, sides, and bottom, while the central part remains unfrozen through several years. Much of the ground is worked on "lays" or leases, the lessees paying from 25 to 55 per cent of the gross output, an amount that is apt to leave the worker little for his labor if things do not run very smoothly. Freight rates are 2 cents per pound in winter and 4 cents per pound in summer.

The remaining gold in Little Minook Creek would seem to be best recovered by working the claims in cooperation as one company, for it is certain that some of the richer claims can no longer be profitably worked by drifting. The quickest, but an initially expensive, mode of working would be to hydraulic the gravels by bringing water from Minook Creek. A ditch 10 miles in length above the mouth of Little Minook Creek would probably give a head of over 100 feet and plenty of water at the upper limit of the pay gravels. A way requiring less capital, but much slower, and the one that will likely be carried out in the end, is the ground-sluicing of the claims, successively, from the mouth of the creek upward, by means of dams and automatic gates, but as the claims belong to different parties, some of whom are unwilling to sell, there will probably be only a small amount of work carried on along the creek for a number "of years to come.

Little Minook Junior Creek.

General description. — Little Minook Junior Creek, between Little Minook and Hoosier creeks, is about 2 J miles long. Its valley lies wholly within the high bench of Minook Creek. It is a weak stream, generally dry during the summer, and rarely carries a sluice head of water. With a valley of hard rocks it has not been able to cut its bed down to the depth reached by the larger tributaries of Minook Creek. In the lower half the grade of the creek is torrential and the valley is narrow with steep sides. In the upper half the grade is much easier and the valley is wider with gentler slopes, especially on the north side. The rocks of the valley are the same as along Little Minook Creek. The lower part is entirely in diabase.

The total output of the creek was estimated by Mr. Donald McLean at about $150,000, and the output for the year 1904 at about $17,000.

The steep grade of the lower part of the creek has allowed little accumulation of alluvium, but in the upper part the deposits have reached a depth of 12 to 30 feet, of which gravel forms the lower 4 or 6 feet. The gravels are angular and largely composed of diabase with well-washed quartzite bowlders from the bench gravels through which the stream has cut.

In the gravels are many bones of bison, musk ox, mammoth, and horse. A very line specimen of the skull of Bison alleni, with the shell still upon the horns, was taken out of Mr. Donald McLean's claim. No. 25, near the head of tha

36 GOLD PLAOERft OF RAMPART RROIOK.

Mcljeaii [r. TIioh. Kvuiih. Tliis in tlio only siiecimen of this Bpecies that hag been reporUnl from Alaikn. It wan carefully ant! is now in the National Mummni at Wanliinon. S<)nu> by Mr. C W. Peck from gravel next to \)ed rock on tlie tuauw (*laini and n*ferrecl to Dr. T. W. Stanton for identification werti i-alle*! by liini horn ttttli of PleiHtoivne or more refent age.'*

Mininfj. — Thoro are twenty-nim* claim upon the creek, numbered from tlie mouth tlu' or 10 of which are said to have pakl wages or more UfK)!! workinj. The iay Ptreak is ;0 to 60 feet wide and 1 to 6 feet thick, averaging probably 8 feet, but jnld in Hometimes found through the whole thickness of the jrravel. The ravflH wert to carry $10 pt*r nqiiare yard on one claim, which Ih prolmbly the hihent value on the crt*ek, the values on other claims nmning down ti) amounts small to \rAy for working.

The gold Himilar to that of Little Mimiok Cnek, mostly smooth and bright with a little that is rouh. It in generally coarne and chunky, nnggets sometimes reaching 3 ounce in weight. The largi'r iart of the gold is undoubtedly reconcentrated from the high Iwiich ot Mimnik Creek. The small amount of rough gold has [)robably its origin in the IhmI rock.

The gravels have Ikimi mined by drifting with steam points, but advantage was taken of the w(*t of liHH and some ground sluicing was done in gravel and nmck IH ftet thick. TretH and brush in the lower part of the creek were cleared away in for further ground sluicing. The cost of mining by drifting is 50 cent or more of the output, but tliere is so little water it has been the only feasible mode of work. The crwk is considereil to be nearly worked out,

Hoosiek Creek.

rioosier Crcek flows into Minook Creek from the east side between 5 and 6 miles from the Yukon. It is a stream rf the same volume as Hunter Creek and has a valley of the june gradient general section, but it shows no sign of the that along Hunter Cretk. Like Hunter and Little Minook creeks, its course to'the left entering the area of the high bench of Minook Creek, although in a less (Ugree.

The production of Hoosier Creek is unknown. There is assigned to it but $500 in the tiible (p. 109), ?227 of which was in one nugget. Other small amounts have been taken out, but the production has not large, and it has been almost impossible to thoroughly prospect the creek on account of live water in the gravels.

The bed rock is similar to tliat of the other creeks cutting the bench. Quartz veins up to 18 inches in width <jc(?ur in the dia})ase, and there is some pyrite distributed through the rocks. The alluvial deposits vary in thickness from 6 to 15 feet, of which L to 9 feet is gravel, averaging probably about 6 feet, and 1 to 10 feet is muck, averaging perhaps (5 or 7 feet. There is thought to be a pay streak about 100 feet wide whose length coincides with the distance the creek flows through the high but the gravels of the valley are broader than those of the other creeks described, and with the live water the pay is hard to locate.

Two miles above the mouth (f the creek a hydraulic plant has been installed and had just gotten in shape to }Kgin work at the end of the season of 1904. A combined ditch and fliunc 4,3()0 feet in length delivered 500 miner's inches of water under a head of about 80 feet. A hydraulic elevator is used to dispose of the tailings.

Florida Creek.

Florida Creek is only 2 miles long, lying in the high bench of Minook Creek about 2 miles south of Hoosier Creek. Ordinarily it is dry during the summer and fall. The gradient of the stream is high and the valley narrow. The bed rock is almost entirely of diabase. The alluvial deposits are narrow, but in places reach a

Minook Creek Group. 37

depth of 15 or 20 feet. Nuggets up to $33 in value have been taken from the creek, but so far as known not more than a total of $2,000 has been obtained, though the stream has been well prospected. The first prospect showed up so well that miners at once located the whole of the creek, and a number of good cabins were erected on the different claims. Some ground sluicing was done on the lower part of the creek during the season of 1904, but no other work was done.

Origin Of The Gold.

The great difference in the richness of the several creeks flowing through the high bench of Minook Creek, and the variation in the richness of claims and size of nuggets on the same creek within the limits of the bench, show that the gold is not evenly distributed through the gravels of the bench. Thus Hunter Creek has so far shown no rich claims, while Little Minook Creek has been very rich in places, and along the latter the gold is very coarse on the upper claims but grows much finer toward the mouth (PI. VI, j, k, 1, p. 38), showing that probably the larger part of the gold in the lower portions of the stream has been washed down from the upper claims. The gold in the bench gravels was probably concentrated from local goldbearing zones in the rocks worn away above the level of the high bench. How great a thickness of these rocks was disintegrated and carried away can not be told, but there may have been many hundred feet. The rocks were probably the same as those now forming the bed rock. The gold in the bench gravels is said to be well worn, but gold found in the gravels of a stream as large as Minook Creek is generally well worn, and in this case we have no clue as to the length of time through which wearing may have continued.

Other Tributaries Oe Minook Creek.

Kuby Creek.

Ruby Creek flows into Minook from the west side about 9 miles from the Yukon. It is a stream carrying 300 to 500 miner's inches (7.5 to 12.5 second-feet) of water, with a grade of about 150 feet per mile in the lower part. In this part the valley is broadly V-shaped, with steeply sloping sides. The upper part was not seen.

The first pay was taken out of the creek in 1901, and the total product is said to have been $13,000 or $14,000, although this estimate may be a little high. About $5,000 was reported during 1904. No pay has been found above 1 J miles from the mouth of the creek, but it is claimed that no holes have been sunk to bed rock on account of the live water in the gravel.

The bed rock is the calcareous schist, garnetiferous mica-schist, carbonaceous slate, chert, and grit, intruded by greenstones (diabase?). The bedded rocks strike almost north and south across the creek with the dip downstream (east). The alluvial deposits are 6 to 10 feet thick and 300 to 500 feet wide. In some places there is almost no muck aiid nowhere is its depth more than about 4 feet. The gravels are 5 to 7 feet in thickness and the total thickness of muck and gravel is 6 to 10 feet, averaging nearer the lower figure. No large chert or quartzite bowlders are seen as in the creeks cutting the high bench. There are some gneiss pebbles, which indicate the probable presence of gneiss on the creek. The gravel is comparatively fine but contains a few bowlders a foot or more in diameter.

The gold is all on bed rock and is distributed through the whole width of the gravels. The only gold seen came from a point about one-half mile above Minook Creek. It was somewhat iron stained and in general rougher than the gold of the creeks cutting the high bench. The larger pieces were very smooth, but the smaller pieces were rough and most of the gold is rather flat. The gold is said to be rougher in the claims below. Nuggets up to about 2 ounces in weight are obtained. In the concentrates with the gold are large quantities of garnets that sometimes reach I vwqVv

38 Gold Placebr Of Rampabt Region.

in A handful nf pirnft4> wjm from a pan of dirt There areeo many of tluMu that tliey pivo nnHilfnihU by fillhijj up the spores in the rifIltH and niunt Ik* cUwntHl out opch* nr twic* a day. Some liarite is said to be present, and an m-caHinnal nilvcr apiMn, one weiKhinf '2 ouni-et* having been reported. The Milvt'f nugjretH an* very rourli.

It HiH'inH likely that the orijsin of the old in in the hioai rock, which along thin of tht* <*n'ek is a carlxinactouH slate of irn*giilar cleavage. In placefi much pyrite in distri!)Ut4il thnujjh it. The crefk ban lKen worked during the summer by (Mils and in the wint(>r drifting, but it ban prolwhly paid little, if anything, more than wajr's. TrejiarationH were InMug made to install a hydraulic plant, and a mile of steel [ipe, consiRtin of 720 f(>et (>ach of 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, and 14 inch pilH' with of 11 -inch for an elevator, and 7-inch pipe for a giant, was to be put in. It was said that it would tleliver the water under a head of 154 feet

Slatk Ckekk.

Slate Creek, a western trilnitary of MiinMk Creek, miles from Yukon River, is about 4 miUs lonjj and is said to always carry at U*ast a sluice bead of water. It has a in the lower of 150 feet to the mile, and the valley is hatrowly

The <!rcek has ]M*en only sini'c 1W2. Freights from Rampart are 8 cents per ])ound in summiT and 4 cents per in winter.

The })ed rock in the lower is niuch-foldiHl shaly limestone, green and purple slates, andcherty IkhIs, with a northeast strike. The main ro<'k of the valley is a dark graphitic schistose slate which breaks into fragments and contains many (juartz seams. Most of the work has ])een nearly 2 miles above the mouth drifting in the winter. The deposits here are feet thick.

(Jold is found in as much as 8 feet of gnivel and to a depth of IJ feet in bed rock and over a width of nO ftnjt. An $8 piety is the coy rstst thus far taken out. Silver is a common associate (PI. VI, b), ami an S-ounce nugget has been found. Copper also is said to occur in the gravels. The absence of garnets indicates that the schists (f Ru])y (nvk do not extend into the valley. The gold in this case has prolmbly been derivinl from the small stringers common in the IkhI rock.

THE BAKER CREEK GROUP. (iKNKltAT DKSCKIPTIOX.

The Baker Creek digjrings an* from 28 to 82 miles by trail almost south from Rampart, and occupy a narrow with a northeast-southwest extension of about miles. Along Baker Creek itself there have lKen no placers discovered so far, all at present known being on the tributaries flowing the divide separating the Minook and Troublesome drainages from that of Baker Creek. The principal diggings are located along Pioneer, Kureka, CJlenn, (lold Run, Omega, and Thanksgiving creeks.

The topography is strikingly different from that of the other two areas. Baker Creek blows along the southwestern side of a large fiat, 7 to 9 miles broad in its widest part, and 10 miles long, its longer extensicm being northeast-southwest in the line of flow of Eureka and Hut Una creeks. Instead of sharp canyon-like valleys the streams llow through open- valleys, and where they flow in general parallel to the Jiaker-Minook divide — that is, approaching a northeast-southwest or an east-west direction, the southern bank is stee}) while the northern one is gently sloping, the creeks flowing close to thi steeper side. Kven along the broad Baker Flats this feature is still ])roniinent. The nortli side is a long gentle slope toward the divide, rising more sharply in its upper part, while across the fiats the southern side may be seen rising a]>ruptly from the valley floor.

U. S. Geological Survey

Bulletin No. 280 Pl. Vi

9 ja

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Gold Specimens.

(I. Gold from Discovery claim, Hunter Creek.

Native silver from Claim No. 10 above, Slate Creek.

r. Gold from Shirley bar.

(I. Gold from Claim No. 1 above, Thanksgiving Creek.

. Gold from Claim No. 3 above. Thanksgiving Creek.

/. Gold from Claim No. 11 above, Omega Creek.

All the specimens are natural size.

(J. Gold from Seattle bar. h. Gold from Discovery claim, Doric Creek. i. Gold from What Cheer bar.

/. Gold from Clam No. 8 above. Little Minook Creek. k. Gold from Claim No. 3 below. Little Minook Creek. /. Gold from Claim No. 4 below. Little Minook Creek.

Baker Creek Group. 39

The main streams of the Baker Creek gold area are: Eureka Creek, lying next to the Baker-Minook divide, flowing southwesterly for ahout 5 miles, then turning to the south; Pioneer Creek, flowing parallel to Eureka between 1 and 2 miles to the southeast and joining it on Baker Flats; Rhode Island Creek, flowing in a southerly direction, about miles west of Eureka Creek; and Omega Creek, in the western part of the gold area. Into these creeks flow all of the smaller creeks of the area along the Baker-Minook divide. The streams are all small, many of the smaller ones being ordinarily dry during the summer and fall. The gradient of the larger streams is comparatively low and it is with difficulty that water is carried to the benches.

The only practical trail to and from the Baker Creek area is from Rampart along Minook C'reek, a trail that in most parts of the States " would be considered practically impassable during the summer time. Most of the way it is soft and miry. The pack horses sometimes sink to their girths, floundering and wallowing their way through. As a choice, there is the bed of Minook Creek along which, if the creek is not too high, the horses can make their way on the bars and through the icy water; but at best this trail is hard on the animals. The foot traveler can not take thetireek bed, and if he carries a pack, as he often does, he must make his way along the mucky trail. Over this trail all provisions for the camps are carried. Freight rates, until the summer of 1904, were 25 cents a pound in summer and 6 cents in winter, and it is said that one man had to pay freight on 47 pounds of " grub " and 53 pounds of and packing at the higher rate. During the summer of 1904 freight rates came down to 15 cents a pound, but the packers declared they could make nothing at that rate, and this is probably true, as hay and oats when cheapest are $100 a ton. There is another trail to the mouth of Baker Creek, but it is said to be bad and is not used.

Lumber is high, most of it being shipped from the States of the Pacific slope. Some is whip-sawed along Baker Creek in the winter, which costs about 20 cents a foot, board measure. It would seem that a small sawmill operated through a portion of the year would be a paying investment, as there is said to be plenty of timber along Baker Creek for local needs.

The total production of the region is estimated to have been about $406,100, of which $84,700 was produced during the winter of 1903-4 and $61,300 during the summer of 1904. These figures are probably under rather than over the actual amount.

Gold was discovered in the Baker Creek area on Eureka Creek, where mining was begun during the winter of 1898-99 and a small amount was taken out. On Glenn Creek gold was discovered in July, 1901, on the ben(;hes along Pioneer Creek in 1902, on Thanksgiving Creek in February, 1903, and other discoveries were made during the summer of 1904. Prospecting is in active progress in other valleys of the vicinity, and it is altogether possible that new discoveries may be made.

The rocks of the Baker Creek group show less variety than those of the Minook Creek group. In the gold-bearing region the rocks are schistose arkoses with interbedded slates and with (luartzites, the latter in thin strata, generally 1 to 3 feet thick. Both slates and schistose beds are generally graphitic. The strike is northwest and the dip about vertical. No igneous ro(;ks occur except along the top of the divide, where there are some dikes and masses of a monzonitic rock. (Quartz occurs generally only in small veins, and these are not prominent. In places there is a considerable amount of pyrite in the rocks in small crystals and grains, but no large masses or veins have been seen.

40 Gold Fla('Ers Of Rampart Region.

Tiik C'Rkkks And Benches.

Kl'KEKA CRBBK.

(itiieml dt'Mrription. — Eureka Civtk, on which gold was first discovered in this uet (in lSt9), Howh Hoiithwtwanl along the fuot of the Baker-Minook divide. It riuiH in u Ht might suiithwt'Ht fur ahout miles, then turns and runs soath 2i inili'M itij junction with TioniHT Creek. It has a number of small tributaries from the nortliwent Hide, but mma the southeast. The laigest is Boston Creek, alxjut 2 niih'M long, which quinn Kureka Creek at its bend. The other tributaries are mere rilln. Kiireka in u nniall crtek currying liarely a sluice head of water above the mouth of HoHton Cretk during the ordinary (k*asini<. From aneroid barometer readings the gradient of the ntrtani is fett ikt mile. The valley slopes gently to the divide on the Hide, hut on the southeast side the slope is almost precipitouH, rising 4()0 (MX) ftvt the valley. The creek flows doee to the foot of the HteeiKr nide.

The gravelH of tlu* ure not much worn, as ii* characteristic in weak streams, and have left u considerahle distamv, in plaices at least 500 feet, up the slope of the hill ari the Htreain lH*d huH to the southeast The bench gravels, like tho*e of present stn'ani UhI, are made up entirely of the coimtry rocks. The deiKWiit varices in thickmss from 5 to IS fivt, and the overlying muck varies from nothing to S feet, the distrilxition iM'ing rather irregular. The total thickness varies from o to 20 feet. The gravel contains a cousin lerahle amount of very sticky clay, whicli makes shiicing ditliciilt. The clay siems to rome from the decomposition of both the arkoi and th(> slate.

yfiniuy. — Only one claim ahove and one 1kIow the mouth of Boston Creek have so far iH'cn made to pay, but on the iK'nch gravels about 2 miles above the mouth of Hoston Creek reportiil that they had found gold in sufficient quantities to pay for ground shiicing, if not for drifting. On this of the bench it is 8 feet to bed rock near the creek, and 450 or r>(H) Iwck from the stream it is 20 feet. The (elevation the creek at tliin distance, as shown by the aneroid , barometer, is 70 feet.

The gold Ih saitl to in the lower IS inches of gravel and in a foot of bed rock. Along the cnvk the IhmI rock is largely blocky, and in it gold is found to a depth of feet; but it is not found at such depths when* the Ixxl rock decomposes into clay. The may be through the gravels to a depth of 4 or 5 feet, but it is genenilly (close to bed rock, which must 1k' scraped.

The larger part of the mining has Invn done by drifting, but on Discovery claim, just below the mouth of Boston CrcH'k, an open cut is being worked. The muck and gnivel are ground sluiced through sluice ])oxes, so as to save any fine gold that Miay be in them, and the lower gravel is shoveled in. Fifty-seven 12-foot boxes are used, 87 of which contain exile ritlies and 2 contain Hungarian riffles. .The lower boxes are lined with sheet iron to facilitate the movement of the gravel. Some gold is probably carried off by the sticky clay in spite of the length of the sluice box.

Pioneer Creek.

(ieneral — Pioneer (reek heads against the Baker-Minook divide, flowR around the head of the Knreka, and then, at a distances of 1 to 2 miles, flows parallel to the main course of that creek. After traversing 7 or 8 mileH it joins Eureka Creek and they are said to lofe themselves on Baker Flats. Pioneer Creek is lair than Eureka Creek; ])robably it never carries less than three or four sluice heads of water, and its gradient along its lower course in aljont 60 feet per mile. The valley is similar to that of Eureka C'reek. Its northwest sich is a gentle slope running back for about a mile, and the southeast side is of almost precipitous steepness, but not so high.

Baker Creek Group. 41

On the gentle slope of the northwest side there are perceptibly flatter places or benches, but only one of these is persistent. This bencli is traceable along Pioneer Creek for over 4 miles. Its northeast end is but little above the present level of the creek while its southwest end is about 250 feet above the creek. Over this bench and covering much of the slope below is a deposit of auriferous gravel left by the creek as it moved to the southeast. The different diggings upon it are known as **bars."

Five small tributaries, Doric, Boothby, Seattle Junior, Skookum, and Joe Bush, flow across this bench at right angles to the course of Pioneer Creek. Near the upper end of the bench at Joe Bush Creek prospect holes showed a well-defined old stream channel. Upstream the bench rises so that a ditch supplying water to What Cheer Bar is below the workings at Seattle Bar, but (Tosses the bench and is on the upper side when it reaches What Cheer Bar. There can be no doubt that the bench is of stream origin.

Like many other Alaskan creeks Pioneer Creek was staked and then each man waited for his neighbor to do the hard work necessary to locate the pay streak, if there were one. Meanwhile the claims lapsed and were then restaked by other parties, and pay was discovered on What Cheer Bar in 1902. After this discovery pay was found on Doric Creek and at several other points along the bench.

The production of Pioneer Creek Valley to the end of the summer of 1904 was about $35,800.

The bed rock is the same as on Eureka Creek, schistose-arkose, with interbedded slates and thin beds of quartzite. The arkoses sometimes become very graphitic, particularly on Doric Creek. The general strike of the rocks is N. 70° or 75° E., with a steep northerly dip. There is some quartz in small veins and stringers, and on Doric Creek at places there is considerable pyrite distributed through the rocks. The pyrite is often oxidized, so that only small holes lined with iron rust indicate its former presence. On Doric Creek inclusions of a carbonaceous substance the size of a walnut occur with small quartz seams. Little is known of the alluvial deposits along the creek bed. The deposits on the gentle slope already referred to are 3 to 12 feet thick. They consist of the usual muck and gravel, and extend over 2,000 feet back from the creek.

What Cheer Bar. — What Cheer Bar is located in the lower part of Pioneer Creek Valley, about a mile from Eureka Creek, 2,000 feet from Pioneer Creek, and 250 feet above the latter. The season of 1903 was spent in putting in about 4 miles of ditch, with the necessary flumes. This ditch carries about three sluice heads of water to the upper edge of the workings. The ground is excellent for ditching, compared with other Alaska localities, for there is little ground ice and the soil is tenacious enough to make good banks. The bed rock is much jointed and broken and exhibits fine examples of creep, the rock leaning downhill and gradually blending with the gravels.

The average depth to bed rock is about 12 feet. The overlying material is composed of 1 to IJ feet of muck, 3 feet of rather fine flat wash, 5 feet of medium-sized yellowish gravel, and 3 to 4 feet of rather heavy wash, including some bowlders of vein quartz 2 feet or more in diameter. There are some bowlders of conglomerate similar to that found in Quail Creek, in Troublesome Valley, and it is probable that beds of it outcrop on the headwaters of Pioneer Creek. Most of the gold is found in the lower part of the gravels and the upper 1 or 2 feet of bed rock. It is well worn and bright (PI. VI, i, p. 38), and probably comes from the bed rock in the vicinity. The largest nugget found weighed somewhat less than 2 ounces and was worth $28. It contained considerable quartz. The gold is taken in trade at $15.50 per ounce.

The muck and upper gravel are ground sluiced and the lower gravel and upper bed rock shoveled in. The water could not be used until August 15, and only fifteen days were available for washing. Fifteen men were employed.

42 Gold Placers Of Rampart Region.

Seattle Bar. — Seattle Bar is about 2 J miles farther northeast on the same bench, on the northeast sido of Scuttle Junior Crei'k, and the same distance back from Pioneer Creek as Wliat Chetr Bar. Pay was distrovered here in the spring of 1904. The depth to in 9 feet and the beil rock and (gravel are similar to those of What Cheer Bar. The gold o<*curH in the lower foot of gravel and the upper foot or more of rook. It in bright, chunky, and well worn. Some of it is rather flat, but all in easily saved. The largest nugget obtained was worth $9.40. Water is obtained for sluicing by a <litch and hose from Skookum Creek, which in a dry year will furnish but a scant supply.

Doric Creel'. — Doric Creek is a small tributary of Pioneer Creek about three-fourths mile above What Cheer Bar, and is <lry most of the summer and fall. It has an open valley, at its greatest depth not over 50 feet below the level of the bench. (lold was discovered here in 1902, and in the winter of 1903-4 a portion of the valley about one-fourth mile from Pioneer Creek was found to be very rich. As with other weak streams its wash shows almost no wear, but there is also a large amount of more rounded gravel from the through which it has cut.

Only one claim has produccnl much gold. Some pay was found on the lower of the next claim above, but none in the part. The richness of the deposit is probably due to the reconcentration of the gold from the gravels of the bench. The ground is worked by drifting during the winter, and the largest bowlders are left in the drifts. It is worthy of note that a large degree of the success obtained in locating this claim was attributed to the remarks upon concentration in the Survey rejmrt on the Nome region, which apply with much force to many of the deposits of the Rampart region.

Other bench grarels. — A mantle of gravels similar to that which covers the gentle slope on the northwest side of Pioneer Creek bends around a spur from the divide on the west" side of Pireka Creek and continues to Omega Creek, a distance of about 2J miles. Beyond this point it has not been traced. In the space described the gravels are cut by Glenn Creek, Gold Run, Rhode Island Creek, and Seattle Creek.

Shirley Bar.

The bench gravels have been prospected at many places and shown to carry gold, but at only one point outside of the creeks crossing them have they proved sufficiently rich to pay for working. This place, known as Shirley Bar, is located between Glenn Creek and Gold Run. J t is at an elevation of about 200 feet above the lower workings on Glenn Creek, and was first worked in the fall of 1901. The bed rock is the same schistose arkose, slate, and (uartzite. The wash is small and subangular, with a few quartzite bowlders and some monzonitic rocks from the divide above. The gravel varies in thickness from 2 feet at the lower side of the claim to 7 or 9 feet in the middle and 5 feet at the upper end. The gold is bright, rounded, and ''shotty," well distributed through the gravel, and, though it seems strange, the nuggets come from near the surface. There are few large pieces of gold, the largest nugget taken out weighing a little over IJ ounces.

A ditch from Rhode Island Creek, 1 mile long and capable of carrying 2 sluiceheads of water (about 100 miner's inches), has lx?en dug; but water is so scaK that it is colhicted in a pool after being used and pumped back to the sluice boxes. For this purpose a 80-horsepower boiler, two twinned 4-horsepower upright engines, and a 4-inch centrifugal pump are used. Seven men have been employed on the claim during the season.

(I Brooks, A. II, in 1900;

ks, A. II., and others. Roronnaissjinces in llic Capo Nomo and Norton Bay Regions, Alaska, a special publication of IJ. 8. (ieol. Survey, 1901, pp. 149-151.

U. 8. Geological Survey

Bulletin No. 280 Pl. Vii

A, VALLEY OF GLENN CREEK. Looking north, showing sluices, etc.

B. View Westward Up Quail Creek From The East Side Of Troublesome

Creek.

Wolverine Mountain in the background.

Baker Creek Group. 43

(iLENX CREEK.

General ch'scriptioyi. — Glenn Creek Ih loc-ated about 1 mile west of Eureka Creek, and fiowH across the bench gravels. It is 3 miles long, running almost south down the slope from the Baker-Minook divide. The valley is shallow and open (PI. VII, yl), probably not over 50 feet below the bench. It is practically dry during ordinary summers, but during the wet summer of 1904 it carried water sufficient for sluicing.

Gold was discovered on Glenn Creek by Messrs. Beardsley, Belsea, and Dillon in July, 1901. The total up to the fall of 1904, according to the most reliable information obtainable, had been about $277,500, not including the output of one claim known to have produced a considerable amount. During the year ending with the fall of 1904 $50,500 is known to have been produced, and this again does not include some smaller outputs. Of the 1904 output $11,000 was obtained by drifting during the winter of 1903-4 and $39,500 during the summer of 1904.

The bed rock is similar to that on the other creeks. The alluvial deposits are 7 to 9 feet thick and are in large part composed of the angular fragments usually found in so weak a stream, with romided material from the bench through which it flows. There are occasional small of monzonitic rock jtrom the divide above.

The quartzite interbedded in the softer slates has given rise to a peculiar condition in the gravels of the lower part of the (Teek. On claim No. lA a section of the gravels shows about a foot of muck under which is a discontinuous layer of angular quartzite blocks 8 to 10 inches thick and 2 feet or more broad, showing no water wearing. Under these is a thickness of about 2 feet of washed gravel and fine broken slate lies below this upon vertical strata of slate which strike about northeast. These angular blocks of quartzite on top of the gravel have been very puzzling. It is likely that they are to be explained by the supposition .that the creep, which acts very strongly here, has broken down a thin bed of quartzite that can be seen on the side of the claim, and as the creep has moved the gravels the blocks of quartzite have been ])roken off and have crept with the gravels.

Mhing. — The pay seems to have been mostly, if not wholly, in that part of the creek which cuts the mantle of gravel covering the hillside. The pay streak is said to vary in width from 50 to 100 feet. In places it was very rich ; one pan taken by the writer gave about $3.75. Many pans of $10 and upward were said to have been taken. At one place fine gold could be seen all through the broken slate. On this claim the pay was in the lower 3 feet of gravel and 2 feet of the ])ed rock. A plat 20 by 48 feet yielded $4,000 to 4 men working three and one-half days.

The gold is bright, clean, generally worn, and fine, but "shotty" and easily saved. Such nuggeta as are found generally contain considerable quartz. The largest nugget found weighed nearly 6 ounces. It was bright, clean, beautiful gold, and showed the impression of large quartz crystals. It is said to assay a little over $16 per ounce.

A small ditch 1 mile long brings about a sluice head of water from Rhode Island Creek. Another ditch dug to bring a sluice head or more from Boston Creek was just ready to use when freezing began in the fall of 1904. An average number of 24 men are said to have been employed during the year. Some drifting is to be done this winter (1904-5), but it is said that most of the ground lit for drifting has been worked out, the remaining gravels being too shallow to give a good roof. The creek is probably more than half worked out.

Gold Run.

A creek, about miles long, flowing into Rhode Island Creek 1 mile west of Glenn Creek, is called Gold Run. It carries little water at any time and is practically dry during the summer and fall. The valley is shallow and and the lower part

44 Gold Placers Of Ra3Ipart Region.

in tlmmli tlie >;ravfl8 i-ovfriiijr the extension of What Cheer Btr. Tlu> cnek wan HtakiHl in tho nprin f 1S99 and the fiivt work was done during the wiiitiT TUvn* are nix clainiH, tach 500 or 1,000 feet in length, upon the (rtHk, but only tlu lower four have ho far betn producers. The total pcodnction during tho winter of an rejMrted by tlie miners, was abont $16,000, not inchidiu); the outjuit of one chiini, whieli was probably smaH. The production of former yearn in (*Htinuit(*d at alnjut |!t),(XK).

The riM'k of the lower iart of the ereek is a ni&phitic schistose arkoee, which in ]>e<'onus nlaty. The rather well-nmmled gravels are of plate, quartzite, and jrrit, Hi to IH fett deep, with a eovering of 2 feet of muck. The creek is ditiieult to work on aiNMiunt of the live water in the gravels. Through part of their length the gravels an* fmzen on the and tliawed for several feet above, HO that driftH must Ik> thnmghout. The ])ay frequently goes down into the IhhI rock or 4 feet.

The gold is generally bright, tine, Honiewhat worn. One nugget weighing nearly 4 ounc<*s has Ihhmi taken out. When out of a sack or pan part of it roll like shot, owing to its rounded form. This characteristic is common to a large ])art of the gold of the Kainitart region, but {particularly so of this area, and is due to its eryetalline form. The crystal faces art* often observable on the pieces. The placers of the creek are derivtMl largely from reconcentration of the gold from the gravels of the lH*nch tlmmgh which the creek has cut its course, and in part, from the local nn'k. The creek is probably more than half worked out

Kiiodr 18Lani) Creek.

Island Creek is somewhat larger than Gold Run and heads nearer the top of the ridge. It general <'onditions of IrhI rtK'k, gravel, etc., are similar to those of (loM Run, below the mouth of which RhoiU' Island Creek flows close against a bluff on its western side, while its eiu*tern side rises more gently.

work has done on the cretk, but during the summer of 1904 no claims were worktMl. The output is unknown. Miners on other creeks are of the opinion that the gravels would jay for working if water for hydraulicking could be obtained.

Seattle Creek.

Seattle Creek, although the longer streiim, is calleil a tributary of the Rhode Island. It carries less than a sluice head of water during an ordinary season. Tlie bed rock in the- lower part is graphitic schistose arkose. The gravels contain fragments, (piartzite, vein (piartz, and graphitic slate, and are rather fine. They are said to W 8 to iiO feet think and covered with 1 to 3 feet of muck. They are well frozen and have no live water. $100 was taken out in the course of during the wint4r of 1908-4. The gold is said to be bright, fine, and shotty. Prospecting was to be continued during the winter of 1904-5.

Hencii West Of Rhode Island Creek.

A spur on the west side of Rhode Island Creek, similar to the one on the west side of Eureka Creek, has a well-defined cut it, extending about one-half mile to Omega Creek Valley. The bench is about 800 feet above the bed of Rhode Island Creek and is covered with subangular gravel, through which gold is said to be fomid. It is about on a level with Shirley Bar.

Omecja Creek.

Gerieral description. — Omega Creek, another small stream, heads in a ridge about 2 miles southwest of the head of Minook Creek and about one-half mile west of Seattle

a Known among miners as a " poke."

Baker Creek Group. 45

Creek, flows almost south for one-half mile or more, and then swings gradually to the west. As soon as it takes a westerly course the shape of its valley becomes similar to that of Eureka Creek, having a steep hill on the south, against which the stream flows, and on the north side a gentle slope to the ridge above, rising more steeply in its upper portion.

Gold was discovered in Omega Creek in 1899, but the first pay was found in 1901. The creek has been worked in only a small way, and the production has been small. The bed rock is a black, fissile, much-broken slate, and a yellowish, somewhat schistose arkose. It has a strike of N. 70° E., with a high northerly dip. The gravel is about 7 feet deep, very angular and fine, and is made up of the country rock with a small amount of quartzite. There is little or no muck over the gravel, but there is a sticky clay through it which probably carries off some of the fine gold.

Values and mining.— The pay is known to extend for about 1 mile down the creek from a point due west of the mouth of Seattle Creek. The width of the pay is unknown. One cut 30 feet wide has been taken out, and it is known that the pay extends to both sides, rising on a low bench on the right (northwest). This cut is at the upper end of the pay streak. The gold is distributed through the gravel both top and bottom. It is "shotty " and coarse, and much of it is very rough. Many pieces show crystal faces, and all the larger pieces and many of the smaller pieces contain quartz. In color the gold is more brassy than most of the gold of the region. A great many small crystals of pyrites occur in the concentrates with the gold. So far the claim has been worked only by an open cut, but some of the gravel was thought to be deep enough to be workable by drifting and this method was to be tried during the winter of 1904-5. The water supply is small and a dam has been put in to collect the water so that sluicing can be carried on about half the time during an ordinary season.

Chicago Creek.

Chicago Creek is a small rivulet flowing down the northern slope to Omega Creek about 2i miles west of the mouth of Seattle Creek. Pay was reported to have been discovered near its mouth during the summer of 1904, and it was the intention to work it during the winter.

Thanksgiving Creek.

Thanksgiving Creek is a small tributary of Omega Creek, between 4J and 5 miles west of Eureka Creek. It occupies a shallow, open depression in the southern slope of the ridge, on the north side of Baker Flats, and can hardly be said to have a valley in its lower part. It is almost dry in the summer and fall. Gold was discovered on it in February, 1903. The combined output of Omega and Thanksgiving creeks has been about $18,200.

The bed rock is exposed only in the diggings, but where seen was a yellowish, somewhat schistose arkose. The gravel varies in depth from 6 to 18 feet where the creek is worked, though it is said to be deeper farther downstream. It is composed of subangular pieces of quartzite, schistose arkose, vein quartz, slate, and a small amount of monzonitic rock. The overlying muck is 1 to 4 feet in thickness.

The gravel is peculiarly mixed with a sticky yellow clay, which in places seems to be half ice. In some of the deeper holes there is 10 feet of this mixed clay and ice. It can not be worked with wood fires, for when melted it funs down upon the fires and quenches them. In open cuts the sides when melted move together like a mass of yellow tar. In some of the holes the section is said to show 10 to 12 feet of finely mixed yellow clay and ice, of which 5 feet is fully half ice and below this there is 6 feet of subangular gravel. The pay streak varies in width from 25 to 45 feet, and is li to 9 feet thick. Gold is sometimes distributed through the yellow clay and colors always occur through the mixture of clay and ice. At one place where

4fi <ioLI) 1LA('KRS OF RAMPART REOIOW.

till- p:iy i" tliriiiiL'ii 7 fti-l tin* iti'-rlay iiiixtiin*. wlieii the mass is thawtil ihi- (iuy -ink- tin- 4 1 1 llu* rlay in ilru**! it is liittiriilt ti luirt tlieniM iniiii it. .iml :it "in' rhiiin. njHMi-riit work was jii-ve? Ill iliiM't iitiii )ik' -aw ti'i'ili wtTi' ilrivi'ii |niKs umhI in tht* nluici* nak up llii'ilay. Tin- ipin w'rf loft jintjtN-tinjr alntiit linn'-fourths of an irnh, ami wtM* ii-i'il a liA-lt.nt polr. l*viii' is ssiifl work Wfll.

Tlif i- L'fMiTaiiy r.iii.jh aiii) sniiirwhat imn rstaiiml. Imt stuiie it is liri'.'ljt. aril "-liijttx .'" Sunn- "liiaik s;inil" is sail to with it in the roinvntrat*. Mr. IJ. II. Wri'jlit |iiik<'il in iniiitt-s of I In* siiiiHitli. hri;rht phl, anil tlie TniU'*! .<lati- oilir.at >iattlt' -aM- it a valid" of jht iniiiit'. In it there '.Vfiv Iroiii till- iiiiitaiiuil ouiiies of silver L*.41 oiUK'eH ni inijmrititf, aii'l a hI 17 |Mr niiin-e. Tu-h ass:iy jrivii* aUiiit 'JO iK.r eent as the .-ilvir toiiifut oi" tin- j'M.

Wat r I'll- siuiiinu' i- frmii Kiiieka ami ('hitaK< criH'ks, but the is .M-aiitN. Til" pr.ilialijlitir- an* that tin* proiliictitMi Thanki?givinjf Creek will jiicrraM* . tint in ino.<t of tlie digiiigti of the Baker Creek group watiT i- ihm'1i"1.

Ill 11. IN (KKKK.

Iliitlina <'nMk i- a !ari:' Irilnitary of l*ak'r C'nM'k, Peveral niiUP pontheapt of, anl liaxiuLT a 'jirifiallv parallel c .iir-* tn IMoiumt Cn'ek. As sivn fnmi Glenn Creek itfi \aili\ ati'l iliMt ..I it- priinipal trilnitary arr.-hape*! similarly to tho.s<> of Pioneerand aii'l I jinka .nilv-. aii'l pr-p'<'tiir- coiitiriii this impression. A to the Iliiiliiia in l:<i"J. an-l it i- n-portftl tluit colors and occasionally j?<H.)d prospf.t- wi-n- !'"Uiil. imt watr in the ravrls their worked with- <"ii niM.hiiK'ry, Tin- ln'.i i.mU i- >aiil similar to that of l*ionoer Cnnk. At the linn- ilir ir.,ln.ji(;il Siii\.y paris Irfi Rampart. SepV'inlHT 20, llKM, several prospr.t.ir,- wi-Vi' L'oiiii: iiii'i tin- valU-y with ami to prosjKJct the touches 'lurin-j til" wiiitiT.

W VI I.IJ rolJ IIVDK.Vl'LK KINCi.

A iarL'<- p;nt r.f th*- jravil- -i" tin- cirtOo ami hciiches the liaker Creek area, while- 'Im-v \\i"."' n-'t i"f -lii.\ fiim: in, wouM for working if water '.'uM "l-iainr-l at a ft'asoiiahle cost. Hut, as has 1xh.mi said, till' cn-.-k-o! tl.i- ?'-:"n a'.- inall an.l furnish hardly enough water for ordmary liiifiiiL: Mjn'rati"!.-.

Minrr- -a\ tha' 1 1 iit iii.:i ( 'iJ-i-k W'.uM furnish plenty of water for h3'<lraulickiug, hut tlir .li-t:iiir.- it \\..m1.1 liavi- t.> In- carrier*! is variously estimated at 8 to 15 miles. Wrrr \\:itrr fi. .ni thi- crrrk it wt.uM liave to he piped through a large part of till' t.. i-.-tMJn tiit- hfa-l. In cnnurction with hydraulic mininjj in thi? iTiriou thr writt-r .-m n.> l!-tt'r tliini <|Unt(' the remarks of Mr. L. M. lVindle< upon t h' :

uiiti.,.,',: -I !i< i:>t.i;i;iri-iii ni ;i hyilniiilic ].lant in any of the placer rcpion.s of of tlml rr.inir.-.i i<.:- - i-.:liir \\..:U in i!i.' -int.-. ;ii:<l by much careful preliminanstiKly of iill ilif coii'Iiiio:!-. Tlu' tr;i!i-t.Ti!i:i!i..ii of ji\;iil.Mll- wjitrr supply into a tool of rxoiNiition Mini iraii-i' r;:it;<'ii Mini ilic u'- of tliiv i,.,.! in the iiioi skillful and eflicient manner aru aiiioiiu tlic ino-t |'roliltin> of niiniiit. Lack of know let Ij,' and skill maybe covered by I he rc-nlls wlu'ic llic rich, liui with ;:roiinil likt' llial under consideration the jtossetision of ihov <iiialiii('s or ihi lick of them may make all the (lifTcrnicf hctweon success and failure. Directors and stockhoMcr of companion- planning,' -nch work should insist upon and be constantly ready to hear the expoiiM' (tf the intelliK'''iit stinlN of condition and careful management of operations.

"I'rindh', L. M.. and iless, F. L.. The Kaiiipart jilaeer region, in lieport on jirogress of investigations of mineral rescairccs of Alaska: Bull. T. s. (Jeol. Survey. No. 'Joy, l05, pj). 104-119.

Troublesome Creek Group. 47

General, Conclusions.

The rocks of the Baker Creek area are interbedded schistose arkoses, slates, and quartzites, with the arkoses forming the larger part. The arkoses and slates' are often graphitic. Igneous rocks were found only along the crest of the divide, and not in large quantity. When compared with the Klondike or the Nome goldproducing regions, the small amount of metamorphism and mineralization and the scarcity of quartz veins and stringers are very noticeable.

The source of the gold is probably local, and the richer placers are generally in the vicinity of graphitic phases of the rocks. There is frequently reconcentration from older gravels where the streams cut across gravel-covered benches and hillsides. The gold, though generally close to rock, is sometimes distributed through a considerable thickness of gravel and muck. It often occurs in small crystals, and is thus shotty and chunky and easy to save. Large nuggets are rare. It contains a large amount of silver, so that its value per ounce is much lower than that of the gold of the Minook Creek area, running from $14.88 to a little ov'er $16. There are few minerals accompanying the gold, a little pyrite, magnetite, and hematite being the only ones noticed.

The creeks are all small and some have been half worked out or more, but new deposits have been discovered each year and more will probably be found. Water for working the claims is scarce, and, although some ground which will not pay for shoveling in would probably pay for hydraulicking under favorable conditions, water in adequate quantity and under a sufficient head can not be obtained without considerable expense. One of the greatest needs is a good road from Rampart, and imtil that is made supplies must continue excessively high.

The Troublesome Creek Group. General

The Troublesome Creek group is situated between the arms of the Y formed by the divides separating the drainage basins of Minook, Baker, and Troublesome creeks. It is 18 or 20 miles southeast of Rampart. Troublesome Creek, rising among the hills east of Wolverine Mountain, flows northeast to Hess Creek, a tributary of the Yukon. The tributary valleys are often narrow and shut in by hills with steep sides and ridges, closely resembling each other, and making traveling so difficult that the country has come by its name honestly.

So far pay dirt has been found upon two creeks. Quail and Gunnison, though colors are found through the gravels over a wide area.

The rocks include all the varieties present in the Rampart formation, but slates are characteristic of the upper valley and greenstones of the lower. The slates have been intruded by a variety of igneous dikes. The creeks have cut benches upon the hills, but to a less degree than in Minook Valley.

Cheeks Prospected.

Quail Creek.

Quail Creek heads opposite Hoosier Creek and flows eastward into Troublesome Creek, having a length of between 5 and 6 miles (PI. VII, H, p. 42). A large branch known as South Fork joins Quail Creek about a mile above Troublesome Creek. Between the two branches is a gravel-covered bench 400 feet high, upon which colors have been found, and which is being prospected. Parts of this bench occur at various places farther up Quail Creek. On the north side of (2uail Creek is another bench about 50 feet above the creek, and this too is being prospected. In one hole bed rock was reached at 29 feet. There were 19 feet of muck and 10 feet of well- washed gravel. Colors were found all through the gravel, but no pay.

48 Gold Plackrh Of Rampart Begiok.

A number of ineouH iliken whicti itohh the lowiT of Quail Creek show considerable mineralization by motaUic Hiilphiflee. An assay of a porphjrry gave no gold, but 0.52 ouni'o of siiverf jKr ton.

The creek was in 1898, and it that it was desired to call the stream 'Ptannin" Creek, but as no one in the }arty could spell ptarmigan it was named **Quail," the HjHlling of which was easier. Some gold is said to have been taken out in that year, a little was taken out during the summer of 1904. The total is thought to Ikj

There sterns to lK.a accumulation of gravels at some places, while at others the bed rock riseH to the surfai'e. The gravels are of the country rock, with many bowlders of porphyritic granitoitl

A number of miners were fixing up old cabins and building new ones, and getting ready to prosiKict the creek <luring the winter.

Creek.

# (iunniaon Creek is loi-ated a few miles farther down Troublesome Creek on the same side as (quail Creek. Miners are said to have worked upon it during the summer of 1W4, and to have taken out some gold, but no further particulars were learned. The creek was not visiteil by the Geological Survey party.

General Summary.

The alluvial fornuMi from the rocks of the valleys in which the deposits occur are foul ]>oth in stna in channels and on Injnches, and are probably all of stream origin. They are of Recent and Pleistocene age, and their thickness is generally near 5 ftet, but varies from 5 to 100 ievt

Tlie gold is generally found in the lower 2 or 3 feet of the gravel and upper 1 or 2 feet of the bed ro<'k, ])ut on Shirley Bar and Omega Creek it is in places distributed through the whole of the gravel, 5 to 7 feet, ami on Omega Creek the gold is found not only in tlie gravel ])ut througli several feet of intimately mixtnl ice and clay.

The placers are of two general tyiKs as regards their origin, placers of ordinary concentration from the disintegration and wearing down of the ])ed rock, and placers formed through reconcent ration of the gold in older gold-bearing gravels by the cutting of streams. The ])encli gravels of the region and the placers of Ruby and Slate creeks belong to the first class. To the second class belong the placers of the creeks cutting the high ])ench of Minook Creek and the placers of Doric, Glenn, and Seattle creeks and (toIcI Kim. The other placers of the region probably belong to the first class, although there may ]>e some reconcentrated gold in Thanksgiving and Quail creeks.

The gold of the reconcentrated is generally smoother and brighter than that from the others, contains less (luartz and iron, owing to abrasion and oxidation, and is thus higher in value per ounce, though the higher value of the gold of the Mi nook group is principally due to its containing less silver than the gold of other creeks. There is nmch crystallizaticm in the gold, particularly of the Baker Creek group, where the gold contains a large percentage of silver. It is notable that along Minook Creek, where the gold contains so little silver, native silver nuggets are found in the placers, while in the Baker Creek group, where the placer gold contains about 20 per cent of combined silver, there are no silver nuggets. The only other mmerals known in the concentrates with the gold are hematite, a small amount of magnetite on Thanksgiving Creek, pyrite, garnets on Ruby Creek, barite on a few other creeks, and copper on Hunter, Little Minook, and Slate creeks.

In all cases the matrix of the gold has probably ])een in the immediate neighborhood of the placers, though it may be the result of the concentration of many hnn-

aBurlingaine, E. E., & Co., Denver,

General Summary.

dreds of feet of bed rock. There seems to be no indication that the gold has been derived from any great mother lode," and it haa probably come from comparatively small veins distributed through the country rock.

All of the creeks at present known to be gold bearing to a paying extent, except Slate and Ruby creeks, take their rise in the Mi nook-Baker-Troublesome divide. Along this divide are dikes of monzonitic, dioritic, and acid igneous rocks, and it may be that these were associated with causes that introduced gold-bearing solutions into the rocks. The large mass of diabasic rocks in the Mi nook group may have been related in some way with the mineralization of that area.

As to the origin pf the silver and copper nuggets with the gold in the creeks of the Minook group, little can be said. On all the creeks in which they are found, except Slate Creek, both limestones and diabases occur. On Slate Creek diabase was not seen, although there is much of it on Ruby Creek. It is likely that the silver and copper nuggets come from the oxidation of contact minerals resulting from the diabasic intrusions.

The average depth of gravel worked is probably between 10 and 20 feet. The gravels are mostly frozen, but much trouble in working them is sometimes had on accoimt of live water. Hydraulicking has been introduced and apparently works well in the frozen gravels. This form of mining will probably become of considerable importance in the Minook Creek group wherever plenty of water and head are obtainable. In the Baker Creek group the expense of obtaining water for hydraulicking seems to be very much greater, though data are lacking. There is much gravel in this group, which can probably be worked at a profit only by this method. In the Troublesome country there is plenty of water, with sufficient fall for hydraulicking in that valley.

The following tables give the most important statistical data of the Rampart region and include the total gold production, so far as ascertainable, up to the fall of 1904:

Distances men employed and freight rates of Rampart region 1904'

Name of diggings.

Minook Creek

Hunter Creek

Little Minook Creek

Little Minook Junior Creek.

Hoosier Creek

Florida Creek

Ruby Creek

Slate Creek

Eureka Creek ,

Bench bars ,

Doric Creek

Glenn Creek

Gold Run

Seattle Creek

Omega Creek

Thanksgiving Creek

Quail Creek

Total

Distance

from Rampart.

MUes.

Number !

of men ,

em- I

ployed, i

Freight rates.

Winter. Summer.

Cents per pound.

Cents per pound.

GOLD PLAOERft OF RAMPART REGION.

(liM proilwiion of JinmjHirt region to fail of 1904*

Name of diKKiiiKH-

Winter of 1008-4.

Bummer of 1904.

Total,

910,000

443,200

133,000

Total to fall. 1901

Creek

Hunter ( 'reek

40,000

13,000

17,000

Little MInook (reek

486,100

Little Junior Creek

150,000

2,000

Hotwier ( -reek

Florida Creek

Ruby -reek

12,000

45,500

16,500

5,000 15,000

62,000

50,500

17,400

13,500 15,000

85,300

Slate (Jreek

Eureka ( Ycek

Bench . . . . . . . .

23,300

227,000 9,000

Doric Creek

(f lenn (Jreek

Gold Run

277,500 25,000

Seattle ('reek

Omea Creek

ThHuksgiving Creek

Quail ('reek "

5,300

2,800

18,200 3,300

Total

160,200

72,700

232.9()0

879,100

1,112,000

Index.

A. Page.

Archimedes sp., occurrence of 22

Area of region 5, 26

Aulacophyllum, occurrence of 21

B.

Baker Creek, gravels on 23

location and character of 9, 12, 15

rocks on 25

timber on 16

Baker Creek group, description of 26, 3-40, 47

diggings of 38-47

gold of 47-48

hydraulicking in 49

production of 39

rocks at 39, 47

summary of 47

tnportiTih V of 38-n39

trails to 39, 47

Baker Flats, gold on 27

Barite, occiirrpnce of , 33,38,48

Basalt, otTMirrs'nw aint character of 24

Beaver Creek, location and character of . . 9, 12-14

rocks on and near : 18, 24

timber on 16

topography on 9-10

Beaver Tnxk lintaniksi River divide, description of 9-10

Bed rock, character of 16

BenclK'fiT (KKurrencp of 28-29

Itf'rrli'H, jilumdJiiiri- rf 16

Birch Creek formation, character of 17

Birch Creek region, work in 5, 7

Bison alleni, occurrence of 35-36

Boothby Creek, location of 41

Boston Creek, location of 40

Brooks, A. H., work of 7

Carboniferous rocks, occurrence and character of 17,21-22

Chatanika River— Beaver Creek divide, description of 9-10

Cladopora sp., occurrence of 21

ChHpiTfHn Crrek t fHVtHs nn 29

Cliiitafiika Rivur, Locatlrm and character of. . 12

rocks on 18

timber on 16

Ctiiciiga Oreek, gutI on 45

Clay !(?o injxfd it li 45

CCTlliiir, A J on Minook Creek 28

work of 7

Cmmvinieat5on3, character of 6-7

off umniCt' of 35, 48-49

Coral sp., occurrence of 22

Page.

Creeks of region, location of 6

See alo individtuil creeks. Cretaceous rock8,character and occurrence of 17, 21 Cytherella sp., occurrence of 22

D.

Dawson Creek, location of 32

Devonian K'kSj chftracttr aiifl occurrence of 17-21

Diabase, minerals from 49

Dikes, ice, occurrence of 33

Distances, table of 49

Dnric CrBek, distance to 49

freight rates to. 49

gold on 41-42, 48

gold specimens from, view of 38

Iiroflnc t if.Hi at 50

Drainage of region 12-15

E.

Eagle Rock, character of 18

KlfjvatoiiB, chariwtf f of 8

Kuomphlus ep , , oecurn? ncp of ". . . . 22

Eiinka Ciwk, diflnaotor of 40

dlatancc to 49

freight rates to 49

gold on 39-40

location and character of 15, 39

mining on 40

production on 50

Kvrtns, ThfsnittH. fill found by 36

Experimental farm, U.S., location of 16

Explorations, dates and character of 7

F.

Favosites epidermatus, occurrence of 21

limitaris, occurrence of 21

winchelli, occurrence of 21

Fenestella sp. fieourrt'nci? of 22

F [ uli ptjni sp. , occurrwicv of 22

loridfi Crwk. chrmcler of 32, 36-37

chifjinw to 49

freight rates to 49

gold on 37

location of 31

production on 50

tricks lijn Hnd near 24

Fortymile formation, character of 17

Fortymile region, work in 5, 7

Ki-r.ii nri. jiliMti [character of 13,31

Freighting, rates for 6,39,49

G.

Clamets, occurrence of 37-38, 48

Gazzam Creek, location and chatejctat ol . . . Vv

Index.

titiJUraphy, an'ount H Ifi

map sliowin 'i

stiiiiiiiHry if '4 i'

dirty. J. II.. ili'tiTiiiiiiiHl by 21

(ilniii <'ri'4'k. chjinu'tvr jiikI liM-Htion cif I.*i.4-

diHtami' to VJ

fmgJit rat-s to 4l

mining on A'.i

linNltK'tion on .'in

pM'ks on 21

vu'W on 42

di'iivjition of 2.'.'i:.4> 4'.

tyjM'sof 4N

pnxhH'tion of 27.:*)

ivlMtion i.f riM-ks HMil 2.'>.41

SIMMMUHMIS of. Viow of :iS

value of 27

also iwUritiuol vrrtkx, etc.

(ioll placors, (iistrihiition map showing:. 2i

(JoM Kini. of -|;t I4

(iistanco to 4i

freight rates to 41

goM on 44. IS

protliiction 44.. V)

(JoMrn ('HM-k. view of K)

(HMt.lrUli. H. H.. work of 7

(;oos(> Creek, location and charaetiT of 12

Cranite flow of 2s

(irariitic rocks, occurrence and character (f . 2.1 24

(Jravels. aiiriferons, (|e])tli of 27.4!

occurrence of 17.2;{. is

map ''howing 2t)

(Jreenstone. o'-curreiice and cl;aiact'r of. .

CnMMxl ice. occurrence of

(Junnison Creek, local ion of

(lypidula pseudogalea'us, occnn-enct> of. . .

;u

Is

Hematite, occurrent-e of .'i:i.4s

Hess. F. L.. on gold placers of region 2) .'A)

Hess Cn>(>k. ou 17.21 22

gra vels on 2.'i

location and character of 12, 11

rocks on and near 21

timber on Ki

on 10

High Bench, gold on ;U

origin of 'M

gravels of .31

origin of 31

location and charac-ter of :U)

Iloosier Creek, i-haracter of .31-32. .30

d ist a nee to 4'.>

freight rates to

on 27, .36

mining on .30

product ion on 80, 'A)

Hot Springs, farming at 10

Hunter, William, gold found by 32

Page.

Hunter Creek, character of 31-32

upper on 48

distance to 49

freight ratm to 49

gold specimens from, view of 38

gravels on 29,32

liydraulicking on, view of 32

ice on 33

mining on 33

production on 33,50

rocks on and near 24,32

Ilustedia compreasa Meek, occurrence of . . . 22

Ilutlina Creek, location and character of . . . 15,46 timber on 16

liydraulicking, useof 49

water for 46-17

Ice. dikes of 33

(Kvurrence of .35.45

Ice. ground, occurrence of 33,45

Idaho Bar, gold at 31

views at 30

Igneous rocks, occurrence and character of. 23-24

Interstrcam area, gold Aelds of 5-7

1 1 inerary 7-8

J.

Joe Bush Creek, location of 41

K.

Konni formation, occiurence and character of 17,22

Kindle, K. M., fossils determined by 21

Koonce, M. K., on Minook Creek 28

cost of 27

employment of 49

Langfoni, F. S., gold found by 26-34

Lima up., owurrence of 22

Lit host motion sp., occurrence of 22

Mttlo Minook Creek, character of 81-34

copiwr on 35,48

distance to 49

freight rates to 49

gold on 26-27,34-3.5,37

gold specimens from, view of 38

ice on 35

mining on 35

view of 32

on 34,50

rocks on ; 34

silver on 35

view on 30

Little Minook Junior Creek, description of.. 35-36

distance to 49

fossils on 1 31,35-36

freight rates to 49

gold on 27,36

location of 31

mining on 36

production on 35, SO

Location of region 5

Lumber, price of :. . 16,39

LjTix Mountain, drainage of 13-14

loca tion and character of - 11

rocks on and near 17,20,23-34

McDonald Bar, gravels at 31

McLean, Donald, estimate by 35

fossil found by 35-36

Magnetite, occurrence of 48

Map, geologic, of region 5 j

comment on 8 i

Metamorphosed rocks, occurrence and character erf 18-23

Michelina, occiurence of 21

Mining, character of 27

Minook, John, gold found by 26, 34

Minook Creek, distance to 49 i

freight rates to 49 i

gold on, production of 29-30

gradient of 28

gravels on 23, 28

view of 30

location and character of . . 6, 9, 12, 14-15, 28-29

mining on 30

placers on, description of 2&-30, 48

production on ; 50

rocks on and near 18, 22-25

silver on, occurrence of 30

tributaries of 28

valley of, figures showing 29

Minook Creek group, description of 26-28

diggings of 28-38

hydraulicking on 49

production of 28

topography at 27-28

Montana Creek, gravels on 28

Monzonitic rocks, occurrence and character

of 23-24

O.

Omega Creek, distance to 49

freight rates to 49

gold on 45, 48

gold specimens from, view of 38

location and character of 15, 39, 44-45

mining on 45

production on 50

rocks on 24

P.

Passenger fares, rates of

Peck, C. W., fossils found by

Pennsylvanian rocks, character and occurrence of 17,

Permo-Carboniferous rocks, character and

occurrence ol

Pioneer Creek, character of

gold on

gravels on

location and character of

Placer districts, grouping of

Pleistocene gravels, character and occurrence of

Polypora sp., occurrence of

Prindle, L. M., on geology and geography of

on hydrauliddng

on Minook Creek

Production of region

Productus sp., ooourrence of

Ptilodiotya frondOM, ooonrrence of .

17,21

Q. Page.

Quail Creek, distance to 49

freight rates to 49

gold on 27,47-48

location and character of 14, 47

production of 48, 50

view on 42

Quaternary rocks, occurrence and character

of 17,23

R.

Rampart, history of 6

location and character of 6

Rampart formation, character of 17

rocks analogous to 19

Recent rocks, character of 17

Relief of region, description of 9-11

Rhode Island Creek, bench near 44

location and character of 15, 39, 44

rocks on 24

Rhombopora sp., occurrence of 22

Ruby Creek, character of 37

distance to 49

freight rates to 49

. garnets on 37,38,48

gravels on 28-29

production on 37-50

rocks on 20, 29, 37

S.

Schrader, F. G., work of 7

Seattle Bar, gold on 42

gold specimens from, view of 38

Seattle Creek, character of 44

distance to 48

freight rates to 49

gold of 44,48

production on 50

Seattle Junior Creek, location of 41

Sedimentary rocks, occurrence and character of 18-23

Silurian rocks, possible occurrence of 17, 20

Silver, occurrence of 30, 35, 38, 48-19

Skookum Creek, location of 41

Shirley Bar, gold at 42,48

gold specimens from, view oif 38

location of 42

Slate Creek, character of 38

copper on 48

distance to 49

freight rates to 49

gold on 27, 38, 48

gold specimens from, view of 38

production on 38, 50

Spirifer sp., occurrence of 22

Spurr, J . E., on pre-Devonian rocks 18

work of 7

Squaw Creek, prospecting on 26

Stanton, T. W., fossils identified by 36

Stenopora sp., occurrence of 22

Stratigraphy, account of 17

Stromatopora, occurrence of 21-22

Supplies, route for 6

T.

Tanana River, creeks tributary to 9

Tanana-Yukon divide, character of 8, 10-11

Tertiary rocks, occurrence and character of. 17. 22

Index.

ThankHgiviiit; o 49

fn'itiht nitfM ti> 49

ivvnu 4.'>

Im-atioii aiil clmractrr of I.'i,4.'

iiiitiii'titc Mil 4H

IiroiljH-tioii oil n.)

TimlMT, (harui'tor of Itt

Tolovaria Flats, location and clianu'tor of.. 9

Tolovana Kivr. nwks on 2.'i

hwation and rliaractiT 9. ll!

to|>ojrraphy on 10

t inilMT on Hi

TravH. liMh iiltlfs of ti 7

Troiilth'sonic Crn'k. and rharactt-r

of 14.47

rocks on and ni'ar 2i> 21,24

Troiilili'sonu' (Y4'k jrroiip. dt'scription of . . . 2l.47

rocks of 47

Vt'p'tation. cliaructrr of 10

Victoria ("reck, location and -haraitcr (f . . . VA 14

rocks on 2.'

W. Page.

Wages, scale of 27

Water, supply of 46

Wliat Cheer Bar. jtoUl on 41

gold specimens from, \iew of 38

mining on 41

White Mountains, description of 9-10

drainage of 13

fossils of 19,21

of R-9

nKks of 2*-25

views on 10

Winter, charai'ter of 27

Wolverine Mountain, drainage of 13-14

fossils on 17,22

ItK'ation ami character of 11

roi'ks on 17.22-23

Wrijjht, R. H.. gold collected by 46

! Y.

i Yukon Flats, fossUs from near 21-22

I location and character of 9

! Yukon-Tanana divide, character of 8, 10-11

Yukon River, creeks tributary to 9

r. I

Z.

Zaphrentis. occurrence of 21

Classification Of The Publications Of The United States Geological

Survey.

[Bulletin No. 280.]

The serial publications of the United States Geological Survey consist of (1) Annual Reports, (2) Monographs, (3) Professional Papers, (4) Bulletins, (5) Mineral Resources, (6) Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers, (7) Topographic Atlas of United States — folios and separate sheets thereof, (8) Geologic Atlas of the United States — folios thereof. The classes numbered 2, 7, and 8 are sold at cost of publication; the others are distributed free. A circular giving complete lists may be had on application.

Most of the above publications may be obtained or consulted in the following ways:

1. A limited number are delivered to the Director of the Survey, from whom they may be obtained, free of charge (except classes 2, 7, and 8), on application.

2. A certain number are delivered to Senators and Representatives in Congress, for distribution.

3. Other copies are deposited with the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C, from whom they may be had at practically cost.

4. Copies of all Government publications are furnished to the principal public libraries in the large cities throughout the United States, where they may be consulted by those interested.

The Professional Papers, Bulletins, and Water-Supply Papers treat of a variety of subjects, and the total number issued is large. They have therefore been classified into the following series: A, Economic geology; B, Descriptive geology; C, Systematic geology and paleontology; D, Petrography and mineralogy; E, Chemistry and physics; F, Geography; G, Miscellaneous; H, Forestry; I, Irrigation; J, Water storage; K, Pumping L, Quality of water; M, General hydrographic investigations; N, Water power; O, Underground waters; P, Hydrographic progress reports. This paper is the sixty-eighth in Series A and the eighty-fourth m Series B,- the complete lists of which follow (PP= Professional Paper; Bulletin; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

Series A, Economic Geology.

B 21. Lignites of Great Sioux Reservation: Report on region between Grand and Moreau rivers,

Dakota, by Bailey Willis. 1885. 16 pp., 5 pis. (Out of stock. ) B 46. Nature and origin of deposits of phosphate of lime, by R. A. F. Penrose, jr., with introduction

by N. S. Shaler. 1888. 143 pp. (Out of stock. ) B 65. Stratigraphy of the bituminous coal field of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia, by I. C.

White. 1891. 212 pp., 11 pis. (Out of stock.) B 111. Geology of Big Stone Gap coal field of Virginia and Kentucky, by M. R. Campbell. 1893. 106

pp. , 6 pis. (Out of stock. ) B 132. The disseminated lead ores of southeastern Missouri, by Arthur Winslow. 1896. 31 pp. (Out

of stock.) B 138. Artesian-well prospects in Atlantic Coastal Plain region, by N. H. Darton. 1896. 228 pp., 19

pis. B 139. Geology of Castle Mountain mining district, Montana, by W. H. Weed and L. V. Pirssou. 1896.

164 pp., 17 pis. B 143. Bibliography of clays and the ceramic arts, by J. C. Branner. 1896. 114 pp. B 164. Reconnaissance on the Rio Grande coal fields of Texas, by T. W. Vaughan, including a report

on igneous rocks from the San Carlos coal field, by E. C. E. Lord. 1900. 100 pp., 11 pis. (Out

Of stock.)

Ii Series List.

B 178. £1 Paso tin deposits, by W. H. Weed. 1901. 15 pp., 1 pi.

B 180. Occurrence and distribution of oorundum in raited States, by J. H. Pratt. 1901. 96 pp., 14 pis.

(Out of stock; see No. 269. ) B 182. A report on the economic geoUygy of the Silverton (luadrangle, ('olorado, by F. L. Ransome.

1901. 266 pp., 16 pis. (Out of stock.) B 184. Oil and gas fields of the western interior and iiurthern Texas Coal Measures and of the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary of the western Gulf coast, by G. I. Adams. 1901. 64 pp., 10 pl8. (Out of stock.) B 193. The geological relations and distribution of platinum and associated metals, by J. F. Kemp.

1902. 95 pp., 6 pK B 198. The Berea grit oil sand in the Cadiz quadrangle. Ohio, by W. T. Griswold. 1902. 43 pp., 1 pi.

(Out of stock.) PPl. Preliminary report on the Ketchilcan mining district, Alaska, with an introductory sketch of

the geology of southeastern Alaska, by Alfred Hul4e Brooks. 1902. 120 pp., 2 pis. B 200. Reconnaissance of the borax deposits of Death Valley and Mohave Desert, by M. R. Campbell.

1902. 23 pp., 1 pi. (Out of stock.) B 202. Tests for gold and silver in shales from western Kansas, by Waldemar Lindgren. 1902. 21 pp,

(Out of stock.) PP 2. Reconnaissance of the northwestern portion of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, by A. J. Collier,

1902. 70 pp., 11 pis.

PP 10. Reconnaissance from Fort Hamlin to Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, by way of Dall, Kanuti, Allen,

and Kowak rivers, by W. C. Mendenhall. 1902. 68 pp., 10 pis. PP 11. Clays of the United States east of the Mississippi River, by Heinrich Ries. 1903. 298 pp., 9 pis. PP 12. Geology of the Globe copper district, Arizona, by F. L. Ransome. 1903. 168 pp., 27 pis. B 212. Oil fields of the Texas-Louisiana Gulf Coastal Plain, by C. W. Hayes and William Kennedy.

1903. 174 pp., 11 pis. (Out of stock.)

B 213. Contributions to economic geology, 1902; S. F. Emmons, C. W. Hayes, geologists in charge.

1903. 449 pp. (Out of stock.) PP 15. The mineral resources of the Mount Wraiigell district, Alaska, by W. C. Mendenhall and

F. C. Schrader. 1903. 71 pp., 10 pis. B 218. Coal resources of the Yukon, Alaska, by A. J. Collier. 1903. 71 pp., 6 pis. B 219. The ore deposits of Tonopah, Nevada (preliminary report), by J. E. Spurr. 1903. 31 pp., 1 pi.

(Out of stock.) PP 20. A reconnaissance in northern Alaska in 1901, by F. C. Schrader. 1904. 139 pp., 16 pis. PP 21. Geology and ore deposits of the Bisbee quadrangle, Arizona, by F. L. Ransome. 1904. 168 pp.,

29 pis. B 223. Gypsum deposits of the United States, by G. I. Adams and others. 1904. 129 pp., 21 pis. PP 24. Zinc and lead deposits of northern Arkansas, by G. I. Adams. 1904. 118 pp., 27 pis. PP 25. Copper deposits of the Encampment district, Wyoming, by A. C. Spencer. 1904. 107 pp., 2 pis. B 225. Contributions to economic geology, 1903; S. F. Emmons, C. W. Hayes, geologists in charge.

1904. 527 pp., 1 pi. (Out of stock.) PP26. Economic resources of the northern Black Hills, by J.D. Irving, with contributions by S. F.

Emmons and T. A. Jaggar, jr. 1904. 222 pp., 20 pis. PP 27. A geological reconnaissance across the Bitterroot Range and Clearwater Mountains in Montana and Idaho, by Waldemar Lindgren. 1904. 123 pp., 15 pis. B 229. Tin deposits of the York region, Alaska, by A. J. Collier. 1904. 61 pp., 7 pis. B 236. The Porcupine placer district, Alaska, by C. W. Wright. 1904. 35 pp., 10 pis. B 238. Economic geology of the lola quadrangle, Kansas, by G. I. Adams, Erasmus Haworth, and

W.R.Crane. 1904. 83 pp., 11 pis. B 243. Cement materials and industry of the United States, by E. C. Eckel. 1905. 395 pp., 16 pis. B 246. Zinc and lead deposits of northwestern Illinois, by H. Foster Bain. 1904. 56 pp., 5 pis. B 247. The Fairhaven gold placers, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, by F. H. Moffit. 1905. 85pp., 14 pis. B 249. Limestones of southeastern Pennsylvania, by F. G. Clapp. 1905. 62 pp., 7 pis. B 250. The petroleum fields of the Pacific coast of Alaska, with an account of the Bering River coal

deposits, by G. C. Martin. 1905. 65 pp., 7 pis. B 251. The gold placers of the Fortymile, Birch Creek, and Fairbanks regions, Alaska, by L. M.

Prindle. 1905. 89 pp., 16 pis. WS IIT. The lignite of North Dakota and its relation to irrigation, by F. A. Wilder. 1905. 59 pp.,

8 pis. PP 36. The lead, zinc, and fluorspar deposits of western Kentucky, by E. O: Ulrich and .W. S. T.

Smith. 1905. 218 pp., 15 pis. PP38. Economic geology of the Bingham mining district, Utah, by J. M. Boutwell, with a chapter

on areal geology, by Arthur Keith, and an Introduction on general geology, by 8. F. Emmons.

1905. 413 pp., 49 pis. PP 41. Geology of the central Copper River region, Alaska, by W. C. Mendenhall. 1905. 188 pp., 20 pis. B 254. Report of progress in the geological resurvey of the Cripple Creek district, Colorado, by Walde-

mar Lindgren and F. L. Ransome. 1904. 36 pp.

8ERIK8 LIST. Ill

B 255. The fluorspar deposits of southern Illinois, by H. Foster Bain. 1905. 75 pp., 6 plB.

B 256. Mineral resources of the Elders Ridge quadrangle, Pennsylvania, by R. W. Stone. 1905,

86 pp., 12 pis. B 259. Report on progress of investigations of mineral resources of Alaska in 1904, by A. H. Brooks

and others. 1905. 196 pp., 3 pis. B 260. Contributions to economic geology, 1904; S. F. Emmons and C. VV. Hayes, geologists in chaise.

1905. 620 pp., 4 pis. B 261. Preliminary report on the operations of the coal-testing plant of the United States Geological

Survey at the Louisiana Purchjise Exposition, St. Iouis, Mo., 1904; E. W. Parker, J. A. Holmes

and M. R. Campbell, committee in charge. 1905. 172 pp. (Out of stock.) B 263. Methodsand cost of gravel and placer mining in Alaska, by C. W. Purington. 1905. 273 pp., 42 pis. PP 42. Geology of the Tonopah mining district, Nevada, by J. E. Spurr. 19a5. 295 pp., 24 pis. PP 43. The copper deposits of Clif ton-Morenci , Arizona, by Waldemar Lindgren. 1905. 375 pp., 25 pis. B 264. Record of deep well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F. Lines, and A. C. Veatch. 1905.

106 pp. B 265. Geology of the Boulder district, Colorado, by N. M. Fenneman. 1905. 101 pp., 5 pis. B 267. The copper deposits of Missouri, by H. Foster Bain and E. O. Ulrich. 1905. 52 pp., 1 pi. B 269. Corundum and its occurence and distribution in the United States (a revised and enlarged

edition of Bulletin No. 180), by J. H. Pratt. 1906. 175 pp., 18 pis. PP 48. Report on the operations of the coal-testing plant of the United States Geological Survey at

the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Mo., 1904; E. W. Parker, J. A. Holmes, M. R.

Campbell, committee in charge. 1906. (In 3 parts.) 1492 pp., 13 pis. B 275. Slate deposits and slate industry of the United States, by T. N. Dale, with sections by E. C.

Eckel, W. F. Hillebrand, and A. T. Coons. 1906. PP 49. Geology and mineral resources of part of the Cumberland Gap coal field, Kentucky, by G. H.

Ashley and L. C. Glenn, in cooperation with the State Geological Department of Kentucky,

C. J. Norwood, curator. 1906. 239 pp., 40 pis! B 277. Mineral resources of Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Gold fields of the Turnagain Arm region, by

F. H. Moffit; Coal fields of the Kachemak Bay region, by R. W. Stone. 1906. .B 278. Geology and coal resources of the Cape Lisburne region, Alaska, by A. J. Collier. 1906. B 279. Mineral resources of the Klttanning and Rural Valley quadrangles, Pennsylvania, by Charles

Butts. 1906. B 280. The Rampart gold placer region, Alaska, by L. M. Prindle and F. L. Hess. 1906. 54 pp., 7 pis.

Series B, Descriptive Geology.

B 23. Observations on the junction between the Eastern sandstone and the Keweenaw series on

Keweenaw Point, Lake Superior, by R. D. Irving and T. C. Chamberlin. 1885. 124 pp.,

17 pis. (Out of stock.) B 33. Notes on geology of northern California, by J. S. Diller. 1886. 23 pp. (Out of stock.) B 39. The upper beaches and deltas of Glacial Lake Agassiz, by Warren Upham. 1887. 84 pp., 1 pi.

(Out of stock.) B 40. Changes in river courses in Washington Territory due to glaciation, by Bailey Willis. 1887.

10 pp., 4 pis. (Out of stock. ) B 45. The present condition of knowledge of the geology of Texas, by R. T. Hill. 1887. 94 pp. (Out

of stock.) B 53. The geology of Nantucket, by N. S. Shaler. 1889. 55 pp., 10 pis. (Out of stock.) B 57. A geological reconnaissance in southwestern Kansas;, by Robert Hay. 1890. 49 pp., 2 pis. (Out

of stock.) B 58. The glacial boundary in western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois, by G. F.

Wright, with introduction by T. C. Chamberlin. 1890. 112 pp., 8 pis. (Out of stock.) B 67. The relations of the traps of the Newark system in the New Jersey region, by N. H. Darton.

1890. 82 pp. (Out of stock.) B 104. Glaciation of the Yellowstone Valley north of the Park, by W. H. Weed. 1893. 41 pp., 4 pis.

(Out of stock.) B 108. A geological reconnaissance in central Washington, by I. C. Russell. 1893. 108 pp., 12 pis.

(Out of stock.) B 119. A geological reconnaissance in northwest Wyoming, by G. H. Eldridge. 1894. 72 pp., 4 pis.

(Out of stock.) B 137. The geology of the Fort Riley Military Reservation and vicinity, Kansas, by Robert Hay.

1896. 85 pp., 8 pis. B 144. The moraines of the Missouri Coteau arid their attendant deposits, by J. E. Todd. 1896. 71

pp., 21 pis. B 158. The moraines of southeastern South Dakota and their attendant deposits, by J. E. Todd.

1899. 171 pp., 27 pis. B 159. The geoloery of eastern Berkshire County, Massachusetts, by B. K. Emerson. 1899. 139 pp.,

9 pis. B 165. Gontributiona to the geology of Maine, by H. S. Williams and H. E. Gregory. 1900. 212 p.

14Pli.

Iv Aeries Lirt.

WS 70. (ttNiliiy mill wnttT of the I*atri('k Goshen Hole quadranglefl in eastern

WyuiuiiiK hikI wi-ntcni Nt'brHikH. (J. I. AtlaniK. 1902. 50 pp.. 11 pK B iw. <H'oloy aiiM wmIjt Ww Snake River riainnof Idaho, by I. ('. Rwell. 1902. 192

I'l'.. i'. pN. I'V 1. I'nliiniiitiry nii the KvtcliikHn mining dbitrict. Alaska, with an intitjductory sketch of

IM'J. K iiniiivMiucf of th<' north wfstcrn iMrtion of Sewanl Penintnla. Alaska, by A. J. Collier.

l'.nrj. Tn|.|i.. II |.ls. ri*:t. (iroloKV and of (rhtt'r Ike National I*ark, by J. S. Diller and H. B. Patton.

ri' 10. fnmi Fort Hamlin to Kotzebne Sound. Alaska, by way of Dall, Kanuti, Allen,

and Kowak rivers. Iy W. Mndt-nliall. IWtt. pp., 10 pK V\' 11. riaysof the Mi!.iippi River, by Heinrich Ries. 1903. 296pp..9pls. I'P 12. J.M.I. i:y of tlu* <iloU' Arizona, by F. L. Ransome. 1908. 16 pp., 27 pis. I'P i:i. hraiiiuKt' nKMlitlcations in Ohio and adjacent part< of Went Virgrinia and Ken-

tiirky. by W. a. TiKlit. IWB. Ill pp.. 17 pis. H 'ji)>. prvcriptivr K''loy ot Nevada hmuIi of tho fortieth ftarallel and adjacent portions of Call-

forniji. by .1. K. Spurr. I'Utt, 229 pp.. .s pis. H of .VMUtnt-y Mountain, Vinnont. by R. Daly. 1903. 122 pp., 7 pis. S 7. Prt'liniinjiry rrjM.rt on artesian basins in Mmthwesteni Idaho and southeastern Oregon, by

1. C. Kuss,.)!. VMH. pp., 2pN. I'P ir.. Miiural reM.unes of the .Mount WranKeH listriot. Ala.*<ka. by W. C. Mendenhall and F. C.

Sclirader. lH;i. 71 pp.. 10 pl.*. I'P 17. Prellniiiuiry on the anl water resources of Nebraska west of the one hundred

Mud third by N. H. Dartoii. 1903. (i9 pp.. 43 pis. HJ17. til. 'eoliury of .Jouthwe.*tern Idaho and southea.stem Ortgon, by I. C. Ru.ssell. 1903.

pp.. pN. I MJt of sttK'k.)

H Jl'.. III.' on- .b ..it-' of Tnopah, Nevada (prelinnnary rejiortl, by J. E. Spurr. 1903. 31 pp., 1 pi.

.(Mit of st.M-k..

I'l* -Ml. n'couiiHivsjiiu-e in northern Alaska in 1901, by F. (-. St'harder. 1904. 139 pp., 16 pis. I'l'Jl. The and ore .leiMKsits of the HjsIhm' <|nadran(?le, Arizona, by F. L. Ransome. 1904.

WS i.oloxy jiii'l water resources of part of the lower James River Valley, South Dakota, by J. E.

Tod.l aii.l ('. M. Hall. IWI. 17 pp.. 2:i pis. I'l* 2.'). riu' copper deiM.-its oi the Kncanipnieut district, Wyoming, by A. C. Spencer. 1904. 107 pp.,

'1 pis. I'l' jr.. Kconoiiiic rest.unes ui Black Hills, by J. 1>. Ir\'ing, with chapters by S. F. Emmons

and T. A. .!ai;ar. jr. llHM. JlM pp.. I'O pis. I'l* JT. re.oniiaissjiMct' arrow< the Range and the Clearwater Mountains in Montana ami Idaho. ly Wald.'iuar LindKren. liHM. 122 pp., 15 pl.s. I'l' :il. I'rrliniinary report on the the .\rbuekle and Wichita mountains in Indian Territory

and oklahunja. .1. A. TatT, with an appendix on reported ore deposits in the Wichita

Monntains. I.y II. F. Hain. I'.HM. 07 pp.. s pis. H 2:;."). m-oloical across the Cascade RiiiiKc near the forty-ninth parallel, by G. 0.

Smith and F. ('. Calkin-. I'.MM. 10;{ pp., 4 pis. H 2;;t;. The porcupine placer ditrirt. Alaska, by C. W. Wright. 1904. 36 pp., 10 pis. B 2:;:. Inicou ro.kv of the HiKhwiuxl M(.untains. Montana, by L. V. Pirsson. 1904. 208 pp., 7 pis. 2:;s. Kcononiic .jt'olov oi" tlu' lola <iuadranjj:le, Kansas, by I. Adams, Erasmus Haworth, and

W. It. Crane. I'.HU. Si', pp.. 1 pi. I'l' ;'.2. (icoloLiy nnderronnd water rcMUircs of the central (Jreat Plains, by N. H. Darton. 1905,

i:5:{ pp., 72 pis. out of stock.) WSllu. Contributions to hydrology eastern Cnited States, 1904; M. Q. Fuller, geologist in charge.

I'.KI.'). 211 pp., pis. B 212. (Jeology the Hudson Valley between the Hoosic and the Kinderhook, by T. Nelson Dale,

i.H)-i. (y,i 3 pis. PI' 34. The Delavan lobe of the Lake Michigan glacier of the Wisconsin stage of glaciation and

associated by W. C. Alden. 1904. IOC. pp., 15 pis. PP 35. Geology of the Perry basin in southeastern Maine, by G. O. Smith and David White. 1905.

107 pp., G pis. (Out of stock. ) B 243. Cement materials and industry of the Cnited States, by E. C. Eckel. 1905. 396 pp., 15 pis. B 24t). Zinc and lead deposits of northwestern Illinois, by H. F. Bam. 1904. 56 pp., 6 pis. B 247. The Fairhaven gold placers of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, by F. H. Moffit. 1905. 85 pp., 14 pis. B 249. Limestones of .southwestern Pennsylvania, by F. O. Cllapp. 1905. 52 pp., 7 pis. B 250. The petroleum fields of the Pacific coast of Alaska, with an account of the Bering River coal

deposit, by G. C. Martin. 1905. 64 pp., 7 pis. B 241. The gold placers of the Fortymile, Birch Creek, and Fairbanks regions, Alaska, by L. M.

Prindle. 1906. 89 pp., 16 pis.

Series List. V

WS 118. Geology and water resources of a portion of east-central Washington, by P. C. Calkins. 1906.

96 pp., 4 pis. B 252. Preliminary report on the geology and water resources of central Oregon, by T. C. Russell.

1905. 138 pp., 24 pla. PP 36. The lead, zinc, and fluorspar deposits of western Kentucky, by K. O. Ulrich and W. S. Tangier

Smith. 1905. 218 pp., 15 pis. PP 38. Economic geology of the Bingham mining district, Utah, by J. M. Boutwell, with a chapter on

areal geology, by Arthur Keith, and an introduction on general geology, by 8. F. Emmons.

1905. 413 pp., 49 pis. PP 41. Geology of the central ('opper River region, Alaska, by W. Mendenhall. 1905. 133 pp.,

20 pis. B 254. of progress in the geological resurvey of the ('ripple Creek district, Colorado, by

Waldemar Lindgren and F. L. Ransome. 1904. 36 pp. B 255. The fluorspar deposits of southern Illinois, by H. Foster Bain. 1905. 75 pp., 6 pis. B 2.j6. Mineral resources of the Ridge quadrangle, Pennsylvania, by R. \V. Stone. 1905.

86 pp., 12 pis. B 2.57. Geology and paleontology of the Judith River beds, by T. W. Stanton and J. B. Hatcher, with

a chapter on fo&sil plants, by F. II. Knowlton. 1905. 174 pp., 19 pis. PP 42. Geology of the Tonopah mining district, Nevada, by J. E. Spurr. 1905. 295 pp., 23 pis. WS 123. Geology and underground water conditions of the Jornada del Muerto, New Mexico, by C.R.

Keyes. 1905. 42 pp., 9 pis. WS 136. Underground waters of Salt River Valley, Arizona, by W. T. Lee. 1906. 194 pp., 24 pis. PP 43. The copper deposits of the Clifton-Morenci district, Arizona, by Waldemar Lindgren. 1905.

375 pp., 25 pis. B 265. Geology of the Boulder district, Colorado, by N. M. Fenneman. 1905. 101 pp., 5 pis. B 267. The copper deposits of Mi.s.souri, by H. F. Bain and E. O. Ulrich. 19a5. 52 pp., 1 pi. PP 44. Underground water resources of Long Island, New York, by A.C. Veatcrh, C. S. Slichter, Isaiah

Bowman, W. O. and R. E. Horton. 1906. 394 pp., 34 pis. WS 148. Geology and water resources of Oklahoma, by C. N. Gould. 1905. 178 pp., 22 pis. B 270. The configuration of the rock floor of Greater New York, by W. H. Hobbs. 1905. 96 pp., 5 pis. B 272. Taconic physiography, by T. N. Dale. 1905. 52 pp., 14 pLs. (Out of stock.) PP 45. The geography and geology of Alaska, a summary of existing knowledge, by A. H. Brooks,

with a section on climate, by Cleveland Abbe, jr., and a topographic map and description

thereof, by R. U. Goode. 1906. 327 pp., 34 pis. B 273. The drumlins of southeiustern Wisconsin (preliminary paper), by W. C. Alden. 1905. 46 pp.

9 pis. PP 46. Geology and underground water resources of northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas, by

A. C. Veatch. 1906. PP 49. Geology and mineral resources of part of the Cumberland Gap coal field, Kentucky, by G. H.

Ashley and L. C. Glenn, in cooperation with the State Geological Department of Kentucky,

C. J. Norwood, curator. 1906. 239 pp., 40 pis. PP 50. The Montana lobe of the Keewatin ice sheet, by F. II. H. Calhoun. 1906. B 277. Mineral resources of Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Gold fields of the Turnagain Arm region, by

F. H. Moffit; Coal fields of the Kachemak Bay region, by R. W. Stone. 1906. WS 154. Geology and water resources of the eastern portion of the Panhandle of Texas, by C. N.

Gould. 1906. B 278. Geology and coal resources of the Cape Lisburne region, Alaska, by A. J. Collier. 1906. B 279. Mineral resoflrces of the Kittiinning and Rural Valley (luadrangles, Pennsylvania, by Charles

Butts. 1906. B 280. The Rampart gold placijr region, Alaska, by L. M. Prindle and F. L. He.ss. 1906. 54 pp., 7 pis.

Correwpoiidenee should addressed to

The Director,

United Statbh Geological Survey,

Washington, D. C. May, 1906.

SrUVKY PUBUOATIONS ON AI8KA.

KrsHKi.L, I. ('. Account of an expedition to the Yukon Valley in 1880. In Eleventh Ann. Rept., 1, 1891, pp. 57-58. Kxtnu*t fmni Irofedsor Ruaseirs complete in Bull. (ieol. S4k\ America, vol. 1, 1890, pp. W-162. (Out of Ptoc'k.)

Account of an to the vicinity of Mount St. Elias in 1890. In

Twelfth Ann. Kept., pt. 1, 1891, pi>. 59-61. A full report of this expedition was in Nat. iiei. Mag., 3, 1892, pp. 53-203. (Out of Htock. )

Dall, W. 11., and IIakimp, <i. D. Sumniarv of knowledge of Neocene geology of Alanku. In correlation Puihiv— !eocene: Bull. No. 84, 1892, pp. 232-268.

Haves, (-. W. Account of e\|>edition through the Yukon district In Thirteenth Ann. Kept., nt. 1. 1892, pp. 91-(M. A complete report was published in Nut. (Jeog. Mag., vol. 4. 1892. pp. 117-162. (Out of stock.)

KrsHELL, I. C. SiM'oiul Mount St. Elias in 1891. In Thirteenth Ann. litpt., pt. 2, 189:i, pp. 1-91. (Out of stock.)

mm.

Dalf,, \V. H. Keport coal and lignite of Alaska. In Seventeenth Ann. Kept.,

1, lvS9(), pp. 7()S-906. Out of stock.) Keii), II. K. (glacier Hay aiul its glaciers. In Sixteenth Ann. Rept., pt. 1, 1896,

pj). 415-461. (-Out of stock.) Waix'ott, C. I)., Director. of an investigation of the gold and coal deposits

<jf southern Alaska. In Seventeenth Ann. Rept., pt. 1, 1896, pp. 56-59.

(Out uf stock.)

Walcott, I)., Director. Account of a reconnaissance of the gold district of the Yukon region. In Kighttenth Ann. Kept., pt. 1, 1897, pp. 52-.

Beck EH, (i. F. Keconnaissance of the fields of southern Alaska, with some notes on general geology. In Kighteenth Ann. Rept., pt. 3, 1898, pp. 1-86.

SpiKK. J. K., and ( Joodkich, II. B. (Jeology of the Yukon gold district, Alaska, by Josiah Kdward S])iirr; with an introtluctory chapter on the history and condition of the district to 1897, ]>v Harold Beach Goodrich. In Eighteenth Ann. Kept., pt. IJ, 1S9S, 87-:J92.

WALcorr, C. I)., Oimior. Ac<'ount of operations in Alaska in 1898. In Nineteenth Ann. pt. 2, 1S98, 20, 5,S, Jl()-117. (Out of stock.)

Map of Alaska, showing known gold-bearing rocks, with descriptive text containing sketithcs of the geography, geology, and gold deposits and routes to the gold lieMs. Prepared in with Public Resolution No. 3 of the Fifty-fifth Congress, second session, January 20, 1898. Printed in the engraving and ]>rinting division of the United States Greological Survey, Washington, D. C, 1898. 44 pj)., 1 map. A special publication. The data were brought together by S. F. Pininons, aided by W. H. Dall and F. C Schrader. (Out of stock. )

Walcoit, C. D., Director. Account of operations in Alaska in 1899. In Twentieth Ann. Kept., pt. 1, 1899, pp. 12, 52-53, 97, 126-184. (Out of stock.)

Maps and of routes of in Alaska in 1898, with general information concerning the Territory. (Ten maps in accompanying envelope. ) Prejiared in accordance with Public Resolution No. 25 of the Fifty-fifth Congress, third session, March 1, 1899. Printed in the engraving and division of the United States Geological Survey, Washington, 1). C, 1899. 188 PI)., 10 maps in accompanying envelope. A special publication, (contributors: G. II. Pldridge, Robert Muldrow, J. E. Spurr, W. S. Post, W. C. Mendenhall, F. C. Schrader, W. J. Peters, A. H. Brooks, and E. C. Barnard. (Out of stock. )

Publications On Alaska. Vh

Baker, Marcus. Alaskan geographic names. In Twenty-first Ann. Rept., pt. 2, 1900, pp. 487-509.

Brooks, A. H. A reconnaissance from Pyramid Harbor to Eagle City, Alaska, including a description of the deposits of the upper White and Tanana rivers. In Twenty-first Ann. Rept., pt. 2, 1900, pp. 331-391.

A reconnaissance in the Tanana and White River basins, Alaska, in 1898.

In Twentieth Ann. Rept., pt. 7, 1900, pp. 425-494. (Out of stock. ) Eldriixie, G. H. a reconnaissance in the Sushitna basin and adjacent territory,

Alaska, in 1898. In Twentieth Ann. Rept., pt. 7, 1900, pp. 1-29. Gannett, Henry. Altitudes in Alaska. Bull. No. 169, 1900, 13 pp. Mendenhall, W. C. a reconnaissance from Resurrection Bay to tne Tanana River,

Alaska, in 1898. In Twentieth Ann. Rept., pt. 7, 1900, pp. 265-340. RoHN, Oscar. A reconnaissance of the Chitina River and the Skolai Mountains,

Alaska. In Twenty-first Ann. Rept, pt. 2, 1900, pp. 303-340. (Out of

stock. ) Schrader, F. C. a reconnaissance of a part of Prince William Sound and the Copper River district, Alaska, in 1898. In Twentieth Ann. Rept, pt. 7, 1900,

pp. 341-423. (Out of stock.)

Preliminary report on a reconnaissance along the Chandlar and Koyukuk

rivers, Alaska, in 1899. In Twentv-first Ann. Rept, pt. 2, 1900, pp. 441-

and Brooks, A. H. Preliminary report on the Cape Nome gold region,

Alaska, with maps and illustrations. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1900. 56 pp., 3 maps, and 19 pis. A special publication.

Spurr, J. E. A reconnaissance in southwestern Alaska in 1898. In Twentieth Ann. Rept., pt. 7, 1900, pp. 31-264.

Walcott, C. D., Director. Account of operations in Alaska in 1900. In Twentyfirst Ann. Rept, pt 1, 1900, pp. 17-18, 86, 145-149.

Brooks, A. H. An occurrence of stream tin in the York region, Alaska. In Mineral Resources of the U. S. for 1900, 1901, pp. 267-271. Published also as a separate, Washington, G.overnment Printing Office, 1901, cover and pp. 1-5. (Out of stock.)

The coal resources of Alaska. In Twenty -second Ann. Rept., pt. 3, 1901,

pp. 515-57J.

Richardson, G. B., and Collier, A. J. A reconnaissance of the Cape Nome

and adjacent gold fields of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, in 1900. In a special publication entitled Reconnaissances in the Cape Nome and Norton Bay regions, Alaska, in 1900,'* Washington, Government Printing Office, 1901, pp. 1-180.

Mendenhall, W. C. A reconnaissance in the Norton Bay region, Alaska, in 1900. In a special publication entitled "Reconnaissances in the Cape Nome and Norton Bay regions, Alaska, in 1900," Washington, Government Printing Oflace, 1901, pp. 181-218.

Schrader, F. C, and Spencer, A. C. The geology and mineral resources of a portion of the Copper River district, Alaska. A special publication, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1901, pp. 1-94.

Walcott, C. D., Director. Account of operations in Alaska in 1901. In Twentysecond Ann. Rept., pt 1, 1901, pp. 35, 95-99, 144, 166-170.

Brooks, A. H. Preliminary report on the Ketchikan mining district, Alaska, with an introductory sketch of the geology of southeastern Alaska. Prof. Paper No. 1, 1902, pp. 1-120.

CJollier, a. J. A reconnaissance of the northwestern portion of Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Prof. Paper No. 2, 1902, pp. 1-70.

Mbndenhall, W. C. a reconnaissance from Fort Hamlin to Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, by way of Dall, Kanuti, Allen, and Kowak rivers. Prof. Paper No. 10, 1902, pp. 1-68.

Walcott, C. D., Director. Account of operations in Alaska in 1902. In Twentythird Ann. Rept, 1902, pp. 20, 21,57, 71-82, 161.

Baker, Marcus. Geographic dictionary of Alaska. Bull. No. 187, 1902, pp. 1-446. BbOoks, a. H. Placer gold mining in Alaska in 1902. In Bull. No. 213, 1903, pp. 41-48. (Out of stock.)

Vin PUBLICATIONS ON ALASKA.

Stream tin in Alai-ka. In BulI.No.21H, 190:, pp. 2-93. (Oiit of stock.) Collier, A. J. Coal tlie Yukon Iwfiin, Alaska. In Bull. No. 213, pp. 27(>-2H,T (Out of HtK'k.)

The coal of the Yukon, Alaska. Bull. No. 218, 1903, pp. 1-71.

The (41enn Cnvk gold mining <listrict, Alaska. In Bull. No. 213, 19aS, pp.

(Outofntot-k.) Mkndknhall, W. C. The Ohintochina tiold, Alaska. In Bull. No. 213, 1903,

pp. 71-75. (Out of ) and SciiRADER, F. C C'opixr of Mount Wrangell region, Alaska.

In Bull. No. 213, pp. 141-148. (Out of stock.) Mhel'

The mineral rtmntn of tlie Mount Wrangell district, Alaska. Prof. Paper

No. 15, PI). 1-71. Wauott, D., Dirrrior. Account of in Alaska in 1903. In Twentvfourth Ann. Kept., 1903, pj). 78-107, 167, 256.

Brooks, A. II. Placer gohl mining in Alaska in 190:. In Bull. No. 225, 1904, pp.

Collier, A. J. Tin of the York ngion, Alaska. In Bull. No. 225, 1904,

pi>. 154-167.

Tin of the York region, Alaska. Bull. No. 229.

Martin, ( i. C. Petroleum fields of Alaska and the Bering River coal field. In Bull.

No. 225, 1904, pp. MoFFiT, F. II. The Kotzehue gold ficM of Stwanl Peninsula, Alaska. In

Bull. No. 225, UMH, pp. 74-80. Prfndlk, \j. M. (iold placers of the Fairlmnks district, Alaska. In Bull. No. 22o,

1904, pp. (U-73. SciiKADER, F. C, and Peters, W. J. A reconnaissance in northern Alaska, across

the Rocky Mountains, along the Koyukuk, John, Anaktuvuk, and Col-

ville rivers, and the Arctic coast to Cape Lisbunie, in 1901. Prof. Paper

No. 20, 1904, pp. 1-139. Spencer, A. C. The Juneau gold belt, Alaska. In Bull. No. 225, 1904, pp. 28-42. Walcott, D., Director. Account of 0|)erations in Alaska in 1903-4. In Twentv-

lifth Ann. V. S. Survey, 1904, pp. 68-85, 346, 348, 352, 354. Wrkhit, C. W. The Porcitpine mining district, Alaska. In Bull. No. 225,

imM, 60-63.

The Porcupine placer district, Ahtka. Bull. No. 236, 1904, pp. 1-35.

Brooks, A. II. Administrative re])ort. In Report on progress of investigations of mineral resources of Alaska in Bull. I. S. Geol. Survey No. 259,1905, p}). 13-17.

Placer mining in Alaska in 1904. in Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 18-31.

Collier, A. J. Gold fields of the Cape Lisbnrne region. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp.

Gold mine on Unalaska Island. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 102-103.

Recent developments of Alaskan tin deposit**. In Bull. No. 259, 190., pp-

Martin, G. C. Bering River coal field. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 140-150.

Cape Yaktag In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 88-89.

Gold deposits of the Shumagin Islands. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 100-101.

Notes on the petroleum fields of Alaska. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 128-139.

The petroleum fields of the Pacific coast of Alaska, with an account of the

Bering River coal deposits. Bull. No. 250, 1905, pp. 1-64. Mendenhall, W. C. Geologv of the central Copper River region, Alaska. Prof.

Paper No. 41, 1905,*pp. 1-133. Moffit, F. IT. Gold placers of Turnagain Arm, Cook Inlet. In Bull. No. 259, 1905,

pp. 90-99.

The Fairhaven gold placers of Seward Peninsula. Bull. No. 247, pp. 1--

Prindle, L. M. The gold placers of the Fortvmile, Birch Creek, and Fairbanks

regions. Bull. Xo. 25], 1905, pj). ]-89.

and Hess, F. L. Rampart region. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp.

PrRiN(;ToN, C. W. Methods and costs of gravel and phuHT mining in Alaska.

No. 2(>3, 1905, pp. l-:]62. Also in Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 32-46. Spencer, A. The Treadwell ore deposits. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 69-87. Stone, R. W. Resources of southwestern Alaska. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp.

Publications On Alaska. Ix

Walcott, C. D., Director. Account of operations in Alaska in 1905. In Twentysixth Ann. Rept, 1905, pp. 73-80.

Wright, F. E. and C. W. Economic developments in southeastern Alaska. In Bull. No. 259, 1905, pp. 47-68.

Brooks, A. H. The geography and geology of Alaska, a summary of existing knowledge, with a section on climate, by Cleveland Abbe, jr., and a topographic map and description thereof, by R. U. Goode. Prof. Paper No. 45, 1906, pp. 1-327.

Collier, A. J. Geology and coal resources of Cape Lisburne region, Alaska. Bull. No. 278.

MoFFiT, F. H., and Stone, R. W. Mineral resources of the Kenai Peninsula; Gold fields of the Turnain Arm region, by F. H. Moffit; Coal fields of the Kachemak Bay region, by R. W. Stone. Bull. No. 277.

Prindle, L. M., and Hess, F. L. The Rampart gold placer region, Alaska. Bull. No. 280, 1906, pp. 1-54.

Papers on Alaska in Preparation.

Brooks, A. H. An exploration in the Mount McKinley region.

and others. Report on progress of investigation of mineral resources of

Alaska in 1905. Bull. No. 284. Collier, A. J., Hess, F. L., and Brooks, A. H. The gold placers of a part of the

Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Martin, G. C. Geology of the Controller Bay coal field, Alaska. Preliminary

report on the Matanuska coal field, Alaska. Bull. 289. Spencer, A. C. The Juneau gold belt. In Bull. 284.

and Wright, C. W. The Juneau gold belt, Alaska, by A. C. Spencer, and

a reconnaissance of Admiralty Island, Alaska, by C. W. Wright. Bull. No. 287. Wright, F. E. and C. W. Mineral resources of the Wrangell and Ketchikan mining districts, Alaska. '

Topographic Maps of Alaska.-

The following maps are for sale at 5 cents a copy, or $3 per hundred:

Fortymile quandrangle; scale, 1:250000. E. C. Barnard.

Grand Central Special, Seward Peninsula; scale, 1:62500. T. G. Gerdine.

Juneau Special quadrangle; scale, 1:62500. W. J, Peters.

Nome Special, Seward Peninsula; scale, 1:62500. T. G. Gerdine. The following maps are included as illustrations of published reports, but have not

been issued separately. They can be obtained only by securing the report.

Alaska, topographic map of ; scale, 1:2500000. Preliminary edition. Contained in *'The geography and geology of Alaska, a summary of existing knowledge, etc.'* Prof. Paper No. 45. R. U. Goode.

Cape Nome and adjacent gold fields; scale, 1 : 250000. Contained in a special publication of the United States Geological Survey, entitled "Reconnaissances in the Cape Nome and Norton Bay regions, Alaska in 1900." Washington. Government Printing Office, 1901. E. C. Barnard.

Chitina and lower Copper River region; scale, 1 : 250000. Contained in a special publication of the United States Geological Survey, entitled geology and mineral resources of a portion of the Copper River district, Alaska," Washington. Government Printing Office, 1901. T. G. Gerdine and D. C. Witherspoon.

Cook Inlet, head of, to the Tanana via Matanuska and Delta rivers, also part of Kenai Peninsula; scale, 1:625000. Contained in " A reconnaissance from Resurrection Bay to Tanana River, Alaska, in 1898." Twentieth Ann. Rept., pt. 7, 1900, pp. 265-340. W. C. Mendenhall.

Cook Inlet, region from head of, to Kuskokwim River and down the Kuskokwim to Bering Sea, Bristol Bay, and a part of Alaska Peninsula; scale, 1: 625000. Published in sections in reconnaissance in southwestern Alaska, in 1898." Twentieth Ann. Rept., pt. 7, 1900, pp. 31-264. W. S. Post.

Cook Inlet placer fields; scale 1 : 250000. Contained in " Mineral Resources of Kenai Peninsula, Alaska." Bull. No. 277. E. G. Hamilton.

Copper jtnd upper Chistochina rivers; scale, 1:250000. Contained in "Geology of the central Copper River region, Alaska." Prof. Paper No. 41. T. G. Gerdine.

Copper, Nabesna, and Chisana rivers, headwaters of; scale, 1 : 250000. Contained in Geology of the central Copper River region, Alaska." Prof. Paper No. 41. P. C. Witherspoon.

X IM'BLirATIONS ON ALASKA.

Kivrr rvion; wjils lilCUMM). ('oiitain(*<1 in *'A recmnuissaiK'e of a part of l*riint' William SouihI uikI t!u CopiKT Kivor dintrirt, Alaska, in 1S98.'' TwMiti*'tli Ann. K-|.t., pt. 7, liHM), pp. :Ul-423. P. (i. liowo, Eniil Mahio, ami F. ('. Srhr.ul<*r. (Out of sttM-k. )

llirrli CnM'k lint rifts, rci'tmnaiHNUKv maps of; scales l:2o00fM). Conin "The >;oll pUu't'rs of thf Fortvmilo, Binli Creek, ami

Fort Yukon to Somid, n'l'onnaissamv map of; Hcale, 1:H25000. Containt*<l in Ki'connaissanct' from Fort Hamlin t( Kotzt'lme Sound, Alaska, bv wuv df hall, Kjuniti, Allt-n, and Kowak rivers." Prof. No. 10, D.* L.

Koyiikuk Kivcr to mouth of ColvilU* Kiver, inolndin); John Rivor; sc-ale, 1:625()(X). Containi'd in " A nM-onnaissiincc in nortluTn Alaskaarross tlie Mountains, alonjr Kovukuk, .hdin, Anakttivuk, anl ('tlville river, and the Arctic coat tu i.ishurm-, in IIMH." Prof. PajnT No. 20. W. J. Peters.

Kovukuk and Cliandlar rivtM-s, portions of: scale, 1:625000. . Containetl in **Preliminarv n'port of a nMoiuiaissam-c alonjr tlie Chandlar and Kovukuk river?, Ahiska, in ISl."' TwtMity-llrst Ann. Kept., pt. 2, 100. T. U. Uerdine.

Lynn canal, mutt's from, via headwaters of White and Xanana rivers to Fle City; scale, 1 :>2.'>(MH). in "A fnmi Pyramid to Kajrle Citv, Alaska." Twentvdirst Ann. Kept., 2, 1900, pp. 3:-391. W. J. Petei-s.

Mount McKinU'y scale. 1 :<)2r>(HK.). ContaintMl in 'The geography and jreolory Alaska, a summary of cxistinr etc." Prof. Pajer No. 45. I>. \j. Keahurn.

Norton UayreMoii; scale, l:<)2r>(KK). ( in a sjHH'ial publication of the United Stat-s (ft'oloxical Survt'y, entitled lv('connais.>nces in the C'a|>e Nome and Norton Hav n'jrions, Alaska, in UMX)." Wa.'hinjjton. Cfovenmient Printing Office, -W. .1. IVter..

PonMi])ine n'orion: scaU*, 1 inch— .S.l miles. Containeil in Porcupine l>]acer district. Alaska." lUill. No. 2:5t>. W. Wright.

Prince William Sound, sketch map of: scale J:;J7*)000. in a special publication of the riiitetl Slates ( ieolotjical Survey, entitled geology and mineral resources of a portion of the ('o]|K'r Kiver district, Alaska." Washington. (Jovornment Printing ( Ulice. HHH. Kmil Mahlo and F. C. Schrader.

Seward Peninsula, portion of. recimnaissance of; scale, l:2r>(K)()(). Contained in "The Fairhaven gold placers, Seward Peninsula, Alaska." Hull. No. lM7, I). C.

Seward Peninsula, northwestern part of; scale, 1 : (/ontained in reconnaissance of the northwestern of Seward Peninsula, Alaska." Prof. Paper N(. 2, T. (i. ( ierdine.

Sushitna liiver and adjacent territory: scali', 1 : in reconnaissance in the Sushitna basin and adjacent territorv, Alaska, in 1898." Twentieth Ann. Rej.t., j.t. 7, P.HH), pp. 1-2H. KolH*rt Muldrow.

Tanana and White rivers, portions of; scale, Contained in reconnaissance in the Tanana ami White River basins, Alaska, in 1898." Twentieth Ann. Rept., 7, pp. 425-494. W. .1. Peters.

York re<:ion: scale. 1:2'mm)()0. C(>ntainel in "The tin deposits of the York region, Alaska.'' Bull. No. 220. T. (J. (ierdine.

York and Knnik regions, sketch maps of. Contained in a si->ecial publication of the I'nited States ( Jeoloricai Survey, entitled Reconnaissances in Cape Nome anl Norton Fcirions, Alaska, in Washington. Government Printing Otlice, 1901. A. 11. Rrooks.

Yukon-Tanana retrion, recoiinaissanri' map of; scale, 1 : ()25000. Contained in "The [)lacersof the Fortymile, Creek, and Fairbanks regions, Alaska." Bull. No. 251. T. <i. (rcrdiiie.

Toc()(;!:\i'iu<- Macs of Alaska in Jhecakation.

Casadepaga Special, Sewanl Peninsula: scale, 1 : ()2500. T. (i. Gerdine.

Cii'cle sheet, Yukon-Tanana region; scale, 1 : 25()()()(). I). C. Witherspoon.

()stroller Ray region, special niaj) of: scale, 1:<)250(). K. (i. Hamilton.

Fairbanks placer (list ?-ict: scale, 1:250000. I). C. Witherspocm.

Solomon Special, Seward Peninsula, sjiecial map of; scale, 1 :02500. T. G. Gerdine,

o

BnUetin No. 281 Series F, Geography, 49

Department Of The Interior

United States Geological Survey

CHARLES 1). WALCOTT, Director

Besijlts

Of

Spirit Leveling In The State Of New York

For The

Years 1896 To 1905

Inclusive

By

S. S. GANNETT and D. II. BALDWIN

Washington

Government Printing Office

Contents.

EcisE Leveling 8

Franklin County - 8

Dickinson, Hogansburg, Kildare, Long Lake, Meacham Lake, and St. Regis

quadrangles -8

Albany, Saratoga, and Warren counties 9

Luzerne, North Creek, Saratoga, and Schenectady quadrangles 9

Jefferson, Lewis, and Oneida counties 10

Antwerp, Boonville, Carthage, Clayton, Lowville, Port Leyden, Remsen,

Theresa, and Watertown quadrangles 10

Albany, Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Chemung, Otsego, Schenectady, Schoharie, Steuben, and Tioga counties 12

Amsterdam, Apalachin, Bath, Berne, Belmont, Binghamton, Cameron, Canaseraga, Cherry Creek, Cohoes, Cooperstown, Coming, Delhi, Dunkirk, Elmira, Gowanda, Homellsville, Nineveh, Olean, Oneonta, Owego, Redhouse, Richmondville, Salamanca, Schenectady, Schoharie, Shongo,

Sidney, and Waverly quadrangles m 12

Chenango, Delaware, Madison, Oneida, and Otsego coimties 17

Deposit, Hancock, New Berlin, Oneonta, Oriskany, Sidney, Utica, Walton,

Winfield, and Sangerfield quadrangles 17

Broome, Delaware, Orange, Sullivan, and Ulster counties 20

Binghamton, Deposit, Goshen, Hancock, Narrowsburg, Newburg, Nineveh,

Long Eddy, Poughkeepsie, and Port Jervis quadrangles 20

Chemung County 22

Elmira quadrangle 22

Allegany, Livingston, Monroe, and Steuben counties 22

Caledonia, Canaseraga, Honeoye, Homellsville, Nunda, and Rochester

quadrangles 22

Cattaraugus County 1 25

Redhouse and Salamanca quadrangles 25

Chautauqua and Erie counties 26

Buffalo, Dunkirk, Eden, and Silver Creek quadrangles 26

UMARY liEVELING '. 27

Nassau, Queens, and Suffolk counties 27

Babylon, Hempstead, Moriches, New York, Northport, Oyster Bay, Riverhead, and Setauket quadrangles 27

Essex, Franklin, and Hamilton counties . . . 30

Lake Placid, Santanoni, Saranac, and St. Regis quadrangles 30

Essex, Hamilton, and Warren counties 31

Blue Mountain, Indian Lake, Newcorab, Schroon Lake, and Thirteenth

Lake quadrangles 31

Hamilton, Herkimer, and Oneida counties 34

Little Falls, McKeever, Old Forge, Remsen, Utica, West Canada Lakes,

and Wilmurt quadrangles , 34

4 Contents.

Primary Leveling— Continued. Page,

Hamilton, 8arat4>. and Warnn counties 38

Lak(' Pleasant and Stony Cnn'k quadrangles 38

Franklin, Hamilton, Herkimer, and St. Lawrence counties 39

Big Moose, Kildare, Limg Lake, Raquetto Lake, and Tupper Lake quadrangles 39

Fulton, Hamilton, and Montgomery 41

Fonda, Gloversville, Lassellsville, and Piseco quadrangles 41

Fulton, Saratoga, and Warren countira 43

Broadalhin, Glens FalLs, Luzerne, Saratoga, and Schuylerville quadrangles. 43

Hamilton and Otsego counties 46

Richfield Springs and Cooperstown quadrangles 46

Herkimer, Madison, Oneida, and Otsego counties 46

Hartwick, Oriskany , Sangerfield, and Winfield quadrangles 46

Albany, Montgomery, Otsego, and Schoharie counties 48

Berne, Canajoharie, and Schoharie quadrangles 48

Dutchess, Orange, and Ulster counties 49

Newburg, Poughkeepsie, Rhinebeck, Rosendale, and Schunemunk quadrangles 49

Columbia and Dutchess counties 52

Catskill, Clove, Copake, Coxsackie, Kinderhook, and Millbrook quadrangles 52

Greene, Ulster, and Schoharie counties 54

Gilboa, Kaaterskill, and Phoenicia quadrangles 54

Delaware, Otsego, Schoharie, and Ulster amnties 55

Hobart, Margaretville, and Richmondville quadrangles 55

Orange, Sullivan, and UHter counties 57

Ellenville and Slide Mountain quadrangles 57

Orange and Sullivan counties 58

Goshen, Lackawaxen, Monticello, Port Jervis, and White Lake quadrangles. 58

St. Lawrence County 59

Brierhill, Canton, Gouverneur, Hogansburg, Massena, Ogdensburg, Red

Mills, and Waddington quadrangles 59

Jefferson and St. Lawrence counties 61

Alexandria Bay, Clayton, Theresa, and Watertown quadrangles 61

Jefferson, Lewis, Oswego, and Oneida counties 63

Boonville, Carthage, Ilighmarket, Kasoag, Mexico, Orwell, Port Leyden,

Pulaski, and Taberg quadrangles 63

Madison, Onondaga, and Oswego counties 66

Cazenovia, Chittenango, Morrisville, Syracuse, and TuUy quadrangles 66

Broome, Chenango, Cortland, and Madison counties 69

Apalachin, Binghamton, Cortland, Coventry, Greene, Harford, Nineveh,

Norwich, Pitcher, and Sidney quadrangles 69

Cayuga, Chemung, Onondaga, Tioga, and Tompkins counties 73

Auburn, Drjden, Moravia, Owego, Skaneateles, and Waverly quadrangles. 73

Cayuga, Monroe, Onondaga, Oswego, and Wayne counties 77

Baldwiiisville, Clyde, Fulton, Macedon, Oswego, Palmyra, Rochester, and

Wecdsport quadrangles 77

Ontario, Schuyler, Scnoca, Steuben, TompkiiLs, and Yates counties 81

Geneva, Genoa, Ovid, Penn Yan, and Phelps quadrangles 81

Chemung, Livingston, Ontario, Schuyler, and Yates counties 84

Bath, Elmira, Hammondsport, Naples, and Watkins quadrangles 84

Ontario, Monroe, Genesee, Wyoming, Livingston, and Steuben counties 86

Batavia, Canandaigua, Caledonia, Honeoye, Nunda, and Wayland quadrangles 86.

Contents. 5

Primary Leveling — Continued. Page.

Allegany, Eric, Oenesee, Livingston, and Wyoming counties 89

Angelica, Attica, Buffalo, Depew, Franklinville, and Portage quadrangles. . 89

Allegany and Cattaraugus counties ' 92 '

Belmont, Glean, and Salamanca quadrangles 92

Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties 93

Chautauqua, Clierry Creek, (Mymer, Dunkirk, Jamestown, Northeast, Redhouse, and Westfield quadrangles 93

Genesee and Monroe counties 96

Brockport and Hamlin quadrangles 96

Erie, Genesee, Niagara, and Grleans counties 97

Albion, Lockport, Medina, Gak Grchard, Glcott, and Ridgeway quadrangles 97

Erie County 99

Eden, Gowanda, and Holland quadrangles . . 99

Ndex 101

TS OF SPIRIT LEVELING IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK FOB TER YEARS 1896 TO 1905, INCLUSIVE.

By S. S. Gannett aiiti- D/H. Baldwin.

Introduction.

The readjustment in 1903 of the precise-level net in the eastern portion of the United States by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey necessitated a corresponding readjustment of all spirit-level heights of the United States Geological Survey dependent thereon. These results will be summarized by States or groups of States and published from time to time in buDetin form.

All results of leveling in New York State previously published in appendices to reports of the Director of the United States Geolgoical Survey and in Bulletin No. 185, as well as levels not previously published, have therefore been readjusted, rearranged by quadrangles, and collected herewith in one publication. Descriptions and elevations of bench marks are given in nearly every county, furnishing vertical control for fully eight-tenths of the total area of the State.

The field work was done in cooperation with the State of New York, under the direction of Mr. H. M. Wilson, geographer, Unified States Geological Survey, by various topographers and levelmen of the United States Geological Survey, to whom due credit is given imder the different headings listed in the following pages.

The office work of adjustment was principally done by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer, assisted by C. B. Kendall, field assistant, under the supervision of Mr. S. S. Gannett, . geographer in charge of the triangulation and computing section.

The elevations are arranged according to the degree of accuracy of their determination, precise and primary, the former being determined by lines of levels run either in both .the forward and backward directions or by simultaneous double-rodded lines, using a highgrade instrument and taking special precautions in obsei-vations and reductions to correct errors and make the line continuously good throughout; and the latter or primary levels being determined with the Y level with precautions taken against the principal errors and run mostly in circuits of single lines.

The allowable limit of error observed on the precise work already done by the Geological Survey in this State is represented in feet by 0.03 >/D, and that for the primary work by 0.05 >/D, in which D is the length of circuit in miles.

The bench marks described in the following lists are of three general forms. First, a circular bronze or aluminum tablet inches in diameter and one-fourth inch thick, appropriately lettered, having a 3-inch stem cemented into a drill hole, generally in the vertical walls of public buildings, bridge abutments, or other substantial masonry structures. The second form, employed where masonry or rock is not accessible, consists of a hollow wrought-iron post 4 feet in length and 3J inches in outer diameter, split at the bottom and expanded to 12 inches, so as to prevent both the easy subsidence of the post and over the top of the post is riveted a bronze avca'ax \,o 'OasX* iciRs'Si.

8 Spirit Leveling In New Tork 1896 To 1905.

The third form (used in 1896 and 1897) was a copper bolt 4 inches long and 1 inch in diameter fastened into masonry or solid rock by driving it on a brass wedge placed in the bottom of a vertical hole, so that the top of the bolt was horizontal and thus formed the bench mark.

The numbers stamped upon the bench marks as described in the following lists represent the elevations to the nearest foot above mean sea level, as determined by unadjusted levels in the field. In some cases the finally accepted elevations as printed herein differ from those submitted as bench-mark numbers by several feet, resulting from the adjustments necessary to close and to those resulting from reduction to mean sea lel through readjustment of the precise-level net of the United States. This method of numbering bench marks has been adopted where many levelers are working in the same area at the same time, as less liable to lead to confusion in identification of bench marks than any attempt at serial numbering, and because the bench-mark number at the same time gives an approximate statement of elevation. It is assumed that igineers and others finding these bench marks so stamped in the field will communicate with the Director of the United States Geological Survey or the State engineer of New York in order to obtain the accepted elevation to hundredths or thousandths of a foot.

Any person finding bench marks in the following lists mutilated or destroyed will confer a favor by notifying the Director, United States Oeological Survey, Washington, D. C.

PRECISE liETGIilNG.

Franklin County.

Dickinson, Hoansbur, Kildabe, Lonc} Lake, Mea€Ham Lake, And 8T. Regis

The elevations published in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling run north from Tupper Lake to a connection with a primary bench mark of the Deep Waterways Commission at Fort Covington, Franklin County, a 2-inch square cut on east abutment of the Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River 1 foot from the south and east edges. The elevation of this is accepted as 166.452 feet above mean sea level, as derived by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey adjustment in 1903 of the precise level net. The elevations are corrected in agreement with this, but no error has been distributed in this line.

The double-simultaneous method was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level. The leveling was executed by Mr. C. il. Semper, levelman in charge. All standard bench marks are referred to the Albany datum and are stamped with the letters "ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

Tupper Lake Junction, Via Moira And Bombay, To Fort

Covington.

Long Lake Quadrangle.

Tupper Lake Junction, New York Central Railroad, Adirondack division, in foundation to water tank; aluminum tablet stamped "1555 ALBANY" 1,556 —

Kildare Quadrangle.

Kildare, 350 feet north of station, in large bowlder 8 feet east of rail; bronze tablet stamped "1528 ALBANY 1900" 1,527—

St. Regis Quadrangle.

Blue Pond, In front of station; top of rail 1,552—

Blue Pond, 5 miles north of, 1,300 feet north of mile post " T. 18 & 0. 110," In large bowlder 10

feet west of track; bronze tablet stamped " 1551 ALBANY 1900 " 1,551-

Brandon, in front of station; top of rail 1,.603-

Brandon, 1 mile north of, 0.4 mile north of milepost "T. 23 & O. 105," in large bowlder 10

fet wflit Of track; bronae tablet Btamped " 1595 ALBANY 1900" l,fi94-

Precise Leveling. V

Meacham Lake Quadrangle.

- Feet.

boeuf,0.3 mile north of, in large rock 125 feet north of section post 14-15, and 50 feet east

of railroad; bronze tablet stamped "1556 ALBANY 1900" 1,555.690

Spring Cove, in front of station; top of rail 1, 342. 6

Santa Clara, in front of station; top of rail 1,337. 4

Santa Clara, 0.7 mile north of, 750 feet north of milepost " T. 37 & O. 91," in large rock 10 feet

east of railroad; bronze tablet stamped "1306 ALBANY 1900" 1,306.086

Dickinson Quadrangle.

St. Regis Falls, 1,000 feet south of station, in large rock 20 feet west of railroad and 300 feet

north of railroad water tank; aluminum tablet stamped " 1256 ALBANY 1900" 1,256. 497

Dickinson Center, in front of station; top of rail 954. 5

Dickinson Center, 3.6 miles north of, in large rock on east side of railroad at culvert No. 18, 25 feet east of rail, 5 feet north of track; aluminum tablet stamped "603 ALBANY 1900". 602.642

Hogansburg Quadrangle.

Moira, Methodist Episcopal Church, in east face of; aluminum tablet stamped "420

Albany 1900" 419.460

Bombay, pubUc school on Main street, in northwest face of; bronze tablet stamped "193

Albany 1900" 193.144

Fort Covington (Deep Waterways primary bench mark). Grand Trunk Railway bridge over

Salmon River; chiseled square, 1 foot from south edge and 1 foot from east edge of east

abutment 166. 453

Fort Covington, Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River, 600 feet west of station,

top of south end of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 167 ALBANY 1900" 166. 452

ALBANY, SARATOGA, AND WARREN COUNTIES. LUZEBNE, NORTH CBEEK, 8ABAT0GA, AND SCHENECTADY <UADBANGLE8.

The elevations published in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels run from United States engineers' bench mark in Schenectady to a bench mark at North Creek, upon which certain primary leveling republished in this bulletin was formerly based.

These descriptions are republished from the Appendix to the Twenty-first Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, but 0.427 foot has been added to the elevations there listed in accordance with the 1903 adjustment of the precise-level net.

The double-simultaneous method was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level. The leveling was done by Mr. E. L. McNair. The standard bench marks set in the course of this work are stamped with the letters "ALBANY 1899," in addition to the figures of elevation.

SCHENECTADY, VIA THli DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO

North Creek.

Schenectady Quadrangle.

Feet.

Schenectady, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge over Erie Canal, northeast comer of coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped "242 ALBANY 1899" (set in August, 1899) 241. 195

Balls ton Lake, 0.75 mile north of, coping stone at west end of stone culvert under railroad; aluminum tablet stamped 269 ALBANY 1899 " 269. 116

Saratoga Quadrangle.

Ballston Spa, Saratoga County court-house, foundation stone 4 feet left of main entrance;

aluminum tablet stamped "320 ALBANY" 320.848

Saratoga Springs, Loughberry Lake, surface of water 283

Saratoga Springs, Delaware and Hudson Railroad station, 1,500 feet south of, at east end of

north abutment of steel-girder bridge over Congress street, in coping stone; aluminum

tablet stamped "314 ALBANY 1899 " 314. 410

Greenfield station, 0.33 mile north of, at southeast comer of stone culvert under railroad, in

coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped "596 ALBANY 1899" 596.343

Kings, 0.8 mile north of station, at northeast comer of stone culvert under railroad, in cop-

ingitona; aluminum tablet stamped "602 602.884

10 SPIRIT LEVELING IN KEW YOfiK, 1896 TO 1905.

Luzerne Quadrangle.

Fe . Hadley, IJS miles south of, at northeast comer of stone culvert, about 600 feet west of red

house on west side of highway, in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped 634 ALBANY

1899" 634.309

Hadley, 3.25 miles north of, at northwest comer of steel-girder Bridge No. 9 over Wolf Creek,

in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped "(30 ALBANY 1899" 630.458

Stony Creek, 0.4 mile south (.f , at northwest comer of steel-girder Bridge No. 10 over Stony

Creek, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped ALBANY 1899" . . . 600.427 Thurman, 1.25 miles north of station, at west of south abutment of steel-girder Bridge

No. 13, in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped ' '628 ALBANY 1899" 628.264

North Creek Quadrangle.

'The Glen," Delaware and Hudson Railroad station, 530 feet north of, at southwest comer of a steel-girder Bridge No. 14, 5 feet west of girder, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped "749 ALBANY 1899" 749.510

Riverside, 230 feet north of station door, 65 feet west of center of main track, in large, flat rock outcrop 25 feet west of road; aluminum tablet stamped "883 ALBANY 1899" 883.643

North Creek station, 0.4 mile southeast of, bridge seat at southeast comer of steel-girder Bridge No. 18, 4.4 feet below east raU; aluminum tablet stamped "1001 ALBANY 1899".. 1,001.491

North Creek station, 1,000 feet north of, in quarr>' outcrop on southwest side of track, 2 feet above track and 6 feet from southwest rail; bronze tablet stamped " 1012" (set in 1896). . . 1,008.048

Jefferson, Lewis, And Oneida Counties.

ANTWERP, BOONTILLK, CABTHAtiE, CLAYTON, LOWTILLE, PORT LETDEN, REMSEN, THERESA, WATERTOWN <UADRANtiLES.

The elevations published in the following list are based upon the Qreenbush bench mark, the elevation accepted for which is 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial point upon which these levels depend is a bronze tablet set in the coping at the north end of retaining wall between lower mill dam and Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad At Rcmsen, N. Y., stamped "1172;" the elevation of this bench mark is derived by a readjustment of primary circuits published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, starting from a bench mark of the precise-level net at Utica, and its elevation is accepted as 1,171.464 feet above mean sea level.

A closure was made at Limerick on a temporary bench mark on the south parapet wall of stone-arch bridge over Perch River. This bench mark is on a primary circuit tied at Clayton to bench mark A" of the precise line of the Deep Waterways Board, being a copper bolt in the water table at the southwest comer of the Catholic Church. The elevation of the latter, as corrected in the 1903 adjustment by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, is accepted as 278.815 feet above mean sea level.

The elevation of the Limerick bench mark, as determined by the primary circuit, 317.06 feet and by the precise line 317.09 feet above mean sea level. The latter elevation is accepted for this bench mark, the closure 0.03 foot being well within the closure of the primary circuit. The list, therefore, as here presented, is the unadjusted results of double-rodded simultaneous precise leveling. The instrument used was aBufif Berger precise level with an 8-second vial. The leveling was done by Mr. C. H. Semp' levelman in charge, during the months of August and September, 1900. All stand' bench marks dependent on this datirni are stamped with the letters "ALBANY," in tion to figures of elevation and year. The elevations marked are mostly 1 foot low, error caused in the field work by using an erroneous elevation published in the Appendix: the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, page 354, for the Rems<?0 bench mark, which is low by a clerical error of 1 foot, as noted in Bulletin No. 185.

Pbeoise Leveling. 11

Remsen, Along The Rome, Watertown And Ogdensburg Railroad,

To Limerick.

Remsen Quadrangle.

Feet. Remsen, between lower milldam and Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, north end

of retaining wall, in end of coping, face near comer; bronze tablet stamped 1172 " 1, 171. 464

East Steuben, in front of station; top of rail 1 ,247. 7

Steuben, at road crossing near station; top of rail 1,273. 4

Alder Creek, milk station, 100 feet south of railroad station, w£st side of railroad, in south end

(east face) of wall; bronze tablet stamped " 1253 ALBANY 1900" 1,254.385

Boonvilj.E Quadrangle.

Boonville, canal Lock No. 71, at railroad station, top of west wall, south end; bronze tablet stamped " 1120 ALBANY 1900" 1,121.306

Port Leyden Quadrangle.

Leyden, in front of station; top of rail 1,007. 4

Port Leyden, Hotel Brunswick, opposite station, front face in brickwork; bronze tablet

stamped " 897 ALBANY 1900" 898.400

Lyons Falls, in front of station; top of rail 843. 7

Glenfield, railroad station, front face of; bronze tablet stamped " 770 ALBANY 1900 " 777. 639

East Martinsburg, in front of station; top of rail 761.3

Lowville Quadrangle.

Lowville station, 1,000 feet south of, railroad Bridge No. 756 over creek and highway, west

side north abutment; bronze tablet stamped "863 ALBANY 1900 " 864. 512

Lowville, in front of station; top of rail 868. 8

Carthage Quadrangle.

Castorland, 1,200 feet south of station, bridge over creek, top of north abutment, west side;

bronze tablet stamped "736 ALBANY 1900" 737:761

Castorland, in front of station ; top of rail 746. 2

Deer River, in front of station; top of rail 741. 2

Carthage, iron highway bridge over Black River, end of bridge rail 10 feet west of railroad, top

of wing wall, east end; bronze tablet stamped " 741 ALBANY 1900 " 742. 143

Carthage, in front of station; top of rail 737.4

Antwerp Quadrangle.

Great Bend, in front of station; top of rail 654. 8

Theresa Quadrangle.

Felts Mills, sou tlv abutment of Island Bridge over north channel of Black River, on east end

of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped "583 CAPE VINCENT" 582.456

Black River, in front of station ; top of rail 564. 5

Watertown Quadrangle.

Watertown, 2 miles west of, 100 feet north of railroad and 600 feet south of paper mill, stone culvert under railroad, top of masonry, north end; chiseled square 381. 77

CLAYTON QUADRANGLE. Limerick, stone-arch bridge over Perch River; point on east end of south parapet wall 317. 09

12 Spibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

ALBANY, ALLEGANY, BROOME, CATTARAUGUS, CHEMUNG, OTSEGO, SCHENECTADY, SCHOHARIE, STEUBEN, AND TIOGA COUNTIES.

AMSTERDAM, APALACHIN, BATH, BERNE, BELMONT, BlNtiHAMTON, CAMERON, CANASERAtiA, CHERRY CREEK, C0H0E8, C00PER8T0WN, CORNlNti, DELHI, DUNKIRK, ELMIBA, GOWANDA, H0RNELL8TILLE, NINEVEH, OLEAN, ONEONTA, OWEtiO, REDHOVSE, RICH- MONDYILLE, SALAMANCA, SCHENECTADY, SCHOHARIE, SHONGO, SIDNEY, AND WAYEBLY

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels run between Dunkirk and Binghamton over the line of the Erie Railroad and between Binaraton and Cohoes over the line of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's Railway. Between , Dunkirk and Elmira the line carried eastward was based on the top of the water table of Nelson Block, Dunkirk, and all bench marks in this portion of the line are stamped with the legend " D 1898" in addition to their figures of elevation, thus referring them to the Dunkirk datum. The section between Cohoes and Elmira was run westward based on the old Gristmill bench mark near Albany, and are stamped "A 1898" in addition to the figures of elevation, thus referring them to the Albapy datum.

The double-rodded, simultaneous, direct and reverse method was used, with a Buff & Berger precise level, and the rods used were targeted on one side and self-reading on the other. The result of the targeted line in each section was used alone as the adopted hne, that face having been tested, the line employing the self-reading faces being used as a check. The closure at Elmira between the two lines was 0.645 foot, but there is a greater difference between the datum of figures stamped on the bench marks on account of an error of 1 foot in the elevation started with in the east section, which was not detected until work was finished.

The elevations used for the aforesaid bench marks prior to 1899 were derived by subtracting 1.085 from the elevations then used by the army engineers, and the aforesaid closure represents the error between the Geological Survey line and the old data furnished by the army engineers, which are now superseded by the recent precise leveling.

The differences of elevation between the various bench marks as shown by the duplicate rodded lines was very small, the final divergence being — 0.196 foot for the direct line going eastward and — 0.224 foot for the direct line going westward, making a total closure of the target upon the self-reading rod lines -f 0.028 foot at Schenectady. This divergence is far within the limit set for precise leveling.

This hne is composed of six elementary lines used in the 1903 adjustment of the preciselevel net by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, which adjustment supersedes its former adjustment of 1900, in which this line formed but one link, and the previous local adjustment by the Geological Survey deriving elevations for these bench marks published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey," Part I. From Dunkirk eastward the six main junctions with other level lines are at Salamanca, Homellsville, Elmira, Binghamton, Bainbridge, and Rexford Feeder Bridge (Schenectady).

The corrected elevation for the Nelson Block bench mark is now accepted as 588.866 feet above mean sea level, and the unadjusted line raised to accord with the latter has now been corrected at the other junctions aforesaid, respectively, by the following amounts: -f-0.250, + 0.286, -f 0.236, -f 0.232, + 0.161 and — 01005; the corresponding distances from Dunkirk being 44.1, 129.3, 187.7, 246.3, 283.6, and 381.8 miles. The algebraic difference between consecutive figures of the first or second lines is the amount distributed or the distance between those points, respectively.

The leveling was done by Mr. E. L. McNair (now topographer) in the field season of 1898.

Dunkirk, Along The Erie Railroad, To Elmira.

Dunkirk Quadrangle.

Feet. Dunkirk, St. Mary's Home and School, Washington avenue, " 'IAt wvd Eourth streets, in water table 20 teet from northeast comer; aluminum

Precise Leveling. 13

Cherry Creek Quadrangle.

Feet.

Sheridan, in front of Erie station ; top of rail 758. 3

Forest ville, 530 feet west of entrance to waiting room of Erie station, at northeast corner of iron bridge over highway, in bridge seat,? feet north of center of track; bronze tablet

stamped " 871 D " possibly restamped " 1348 D " 871. 888

Forestville, in front of Erie station; top of rail 875. 5

Smiths Mills, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,010. 7

Smiths Mills, 2.3 miles east of, 10.5 feet north of center of railway track, under west end of overhead highway bridge; bronze tablet in foundation stone stamped " 1097 D 1898 " 1,098. 628

Gowanda Quadrangle.

Perrysburg, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,265. 1

Perry sburg, 400 feet east of waiting room of Erie station, in keystone at north end of arch culvert under railway; bronze tablet stamped " 1261 D " 1,262. 417

Dayton, 950 feet north of Erie station, 37.5 feet east of center of track, coping of tunnel underneath Erie track, second stepstone from top; bronze tablet stamped 1322 D " 1,322.926

Dayton, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,337. 1

Cattaraugus, Union school building, in water table at right of main entrance; bronze tablet

stamped "1401 D" (possibly restamped "1384 D") 1,385.631

Cattaraugus, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,415.2

Little Valley, Cattaraugus County court-house, foundation wall at southwest comer; aluminum tablet stamped " 1593 D " 1,594. 244

Little Valley, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,566. 5

Redhouse Quadrangle.

Elkdale, in front of station; top of rail 1,464.3

Salamanca, 3.25 miles west of, at southwest comer of iron-girder bridge, bridge seat;* bronze tablet stamped " 1413 D " 1,413.771

Salamanca Quadrangle.

West Salamanca, in front of flag station; top of rail 1,372. 6

Salamanca, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,387. 5

Salamanca, Union school building on Maple street, in water table at right of entrance; aluminum tablet stamped " 1391 DUNKIRK 1899 " 1,391. 485

Killbuck, in front of flag station; top of rail 1,385. 6

CarroUton, in front of station; top of rail 1,391.

CarroUton, 475 feet east of Erie station, west pier of Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway iron bridge crossing over Erie tracks; bronze tablet stamped " 1393 D " 1,394. 641

Vandalia, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,407. 8

Allegany, 1.8 miles west of Erie station, on stone arch culvert under Erie Railroad, 75 feet east of road crossing, south end of next to top step; bronze tablet stamped 1408 D " 1, 408. 938

Ole An Quadrangle.

Allegany, in front of Erie Station; top of rail 1,415.8

Olean , in front of Erie station ; top of rail .1 , 430. 4

Olean, city hall and post-ofl&ce building on State street, northwest comer of, stone next under

water table; bronze tablet stamped " 1450 D " 1, 451. 790

Hinsdale, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,493.5

Hinsdale, 2.25 miles east of, bridge seat of small girder bridge, 9.5 feet northwest of center of

track; bronze tablet stamped 1508 D" .' 1,509. 288

Cuba, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1 ,534. 9

Cuba, 0.5 mile east of Erie station, at south end of pier of stone arch bridge over Union street; aluminum tablet stamped " 1517 ALBANY." (This is a new tablet set in 1903 in old hole.) . 1 .516. 789

Belmont Quadrangle.

Friendship, in front of Erie station; top of south rail 1,532. 1

Friendship, Union school building, water table at right of main entrance; aluminum tablet

stamped" 1520 D" 1,521.036

Belvidere, in front of Erie station; top of north rail 1,378. 7

Belvidere, 0.67 mile east of, south nd of wing wall of abutment at east end of railway bridge

over Van Campen Creek, 28 feet south of center of track; bronze tablet* stamped "1351 D" . . 1, 352. 243 Belmont, southeast comer of Allegany County jail, in stone foundation; aluminum tablet

stamped "I4I6D" 1,417.765

Belmont, in front ol Erie station; top of south rail 1,384. 8

a The above tablet lias been destroyed and another has been set Vn.

14 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Quadrangle.

Feet.

Scio, in front of Erie station; top of nouth rail 1,4543

Wellsvillo, at east end of Eric Htation; top of north rail 1,519.6

Wellsville, Union school building, in footstone of arch over northeast comer entrance; aluminum ta])lct stamped " 1519 D " 1,52a 514

A ndo vor, 3 miles west of, stone step of iron-girder railroad Bridge No. 8; bronse tablet stamped

"1573D" , 1,574.208

Andover, in front of Erie station, main trat'k; top of south rail 1,650.2

Andover, 2 miles east of, stono foundation at southeast comer of small railway bridge; bronze

tablet stamped " 1675 D " 1,676.105

Tip Top Summit, opporito water tank; top of south rail 1,773.2

('ANASERA(}A giADRANOLE.

Alfred. 0.4 mile west of, east end of Bridge No. 4 over road and creek; top of north rail 1,607. 7

Alfred, Erie station, water imdcr front office wijidow, facing track; aluminum tablet stamped " 1610 D " 1,611.301

IIORNEUVILI QrADRANGLB.

Almond, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1,395.0

Almond, 950 feet east of Erie station, bridge foundation at northwest comer of snuiU railroad

bridge over highway; alumimftn tablet stamped 1383 D" 1,382.914

Ilomellsville, in front of Erie station; top of rail 1, 152.8

Ilornellsville, 0.7 mile east of Erie station, foundation wall at northeast comer of iron railroad

bridge; aluminum tablet stamped " 1141 D " 1, 142. 481

Canisteo, in front of Erie station; top of south rail 1,128.0

Canisteo, 2.1 miles east of, bridge seat at northeast corner of iron-girder Bridge No. 87; aluminum tablet stamped " 1 1 13 D " 1, 114. 002

Adrian, in front of Erie station; top of south rail 1, 101. 7

BATH giTADRANOLE.

Adrian, 3.7 miles east of. in face of rock cliff on east side of Erie Railroad and highway, 400 feet northeast of highway bridge across Canisteo River, 25 feet from east rail; bronze tablet stamped ' 1080 D " 1 ,081. 183

Cameron Quadrangle.

Cameron, in front of Erie station; top of north rail 1,047.8

Cameron, 180 feet west of Erie station, in stone foundation of railroad water tank; bronze

tablet stamped " 1048 D " 1,048. 915

Cameron Mills, in front of Krie station; top of north rail 1,033.3

Rathbone, general merchandise store of F: G. Martin (building owned by O. O. Whittemore),

foundation stone at right of main entrance; bronze tablet stamped " 1006 D " 1,007.041

Rathbone, in front of Erie station; top of south rail 1,006.6

Corning

Addison, in front of Erie station; top of north rail, west-bound track 985.5

Addison, Q.4 mile east of Erie station and 7.tO feet northwest of tracks. Union school building,

at right of main entrance; aluminum tablet stamped 'M021 D" 1,022.554

Erwins, in front of station; top of rail, east-boimd track 965.2

Painted Post, 0.8 mile west of, in masonry wall of open culvert, east wall of culvert and south

side of railroad track; bronze tablet stamped "935 D" 936.195

Painted Post, in front of Erie station, east-bound track; top of south rail 938.4

Corning, in front of station ; top of rail 936. 3

Corning, city hall, corner of Erie and Cedar streets, foundation stone under water table at

right of Cedar street entrance; aluminum tablet stamped " 935 D " 936. 759

East Corning, in front of station; top of south rail 909. 3

Ki.Mika Quadranglk.

Big Flats, 1.2r) miles west of, in ])ridge seat at southwest corner of Erie Railroad Bridge No.

Cu A ; bronze tablet stamped " 899 I) " 900. 815

Big Flats, in front of Erie station; top of south rail, west-bound track 910.8

Ilorsihcads, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail 903. 4

Horseheads, 0.35 mile southwest of Erie station, on pier of Lackawanna Railroad bridge at crossing of Northern Central Railway, 50 feet south of center of north-bound track of Northern Central Railway; aluminum tablet f tamped 901 D " 902. HI

Precise Leveling. 15

Feet. Horseheads, Northern Central station; northeast corner of stone doorsill of men9 waiting

room : .-. 900.1131

Elmira, Erie station, east-bound track, opposite distance board ; top of south rail — 857. 3

Elmira, city hall, comer of Church and Lake streets, stone pedestal of lamp-post at left of Lake

street entrance; aluminum tablet stamped " 857 ALBANY " 858. 628i

Elmira, Along The Erie Railroad, To Bingiiamton.

Elmira, 0.5 mile east of Erie station, in stone foundation at west end of Erie Railroad bridge across Chemung River, between nearest east-bound tracks; head of iron bolt, chisel mark. . . 854. 50$

Waverly Quadrangle. ,

Wellsburg, 1,800 feet west of station, at southeast comer of Bridge No. 55, in coping stone of

abutment; aluminum tablet stamped " 824 A " 823. 2041

Wellsburg, in front of station, east-bound track; top of south rail 825. 2

Chemung, 1 mile west of station, at northeast comer of Bridge No. 53 across Chemung River,

in coping stone of abutment; aluminum tablet stamped " 804 A " 803. 077

Chemung, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail 811. 3

Waverly, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail 829. 9

Waverly, city hall building on Broad street, stone column between doorways; aluminum

tablet stamped "840 A" 839.336

Owego Quadrangle.

Barton, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail 797. 6

Barton, 1.2 miles east of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 40, in coping stone of abutment;

aluminum tablet stamped " 798 A " 797. 517

Smithboro, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of south rail 793. 1

Tioga Center, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of south rail 797. 7

Owego, 2.25 miles west of Erie station, southeast comer of Bridge No. 37, in coping stone of

abutment; aluminum tablet stamped " 815 A " 815.028

Owego, 700 feet west of station, west-bound track at crossing of Ithaca branch of Lackawanna

Railroad ; top of north rail 816. 6

Owego, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail 816.9

Apalachin Quadrangle.

Owego, 2.75 miles east of Erie station, northwest comer of Bridge No. 33, in coping stone;

aluminum tablet stamped "812 A " 811.679

Campville, in front of station ; top of north rail 824. 9

Union, 1.4 miles west of, northwest comer of Bridge No. 31, across Nanticoke Creek, in coping

stoneof wing wall of abutment; bronze tablet stamped "825 A" 828.355"

Union station, in front of station , east-bound track ; top of south rail 835. 2

Hooper, in front of station ; top of south rail, west-bound track 834.5

Binghamton Quadrangle.

Lestershire, in front of station, east-bound track; top of south rail 848. 1

Binghamton, Broome County court-house, west end of, at left of basement entrance from

Collier street; aluminum tablet stamped " 867 A " 866.05S

Binghamton, in front of Erie and Delaware and Hudson station, west-bound track; top of

north rail 863.5-

Binghamton, 1 mile east of, at ci:tossing of Delaware and Hudson and Syracuse, Binghamton

and New York railroads; top of south rail 852. 6

BINGHAMTON, ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL company's RAILROAD, TO SCHENECTADY.

Port Crane, 3.25 miles west of, 900 feet west of road crossing, in parapet wall at east end of culvert under railway; bronze tablet stamped " 959 A " 958.519

Port Crane, in front of station; top of north rail 1,041. 8

Sanitaria Springs, in front of station; top of north rail 1,117.0

Sanitaria Springs, 0.33 mile east of station, northeast comer of Bridge No. 107 over highway, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 1126 A " 1, 125. 6I7

Nineveh Quadrangle.

coping Btone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped 1384 A"

16 Spirit Leveling In New Yobk, 1896 To 1905.

Feet.

Tunnel, in front of station: lop of north rail , 1,41.'>.2

Ilarpersville station, IjiW feet west of, southwest comer of iron-trestle Bridge No. 97, in coping stone of ahutment; bronze tablet stamped " 1051 A " 1,049.041

Ilarpersville, in front of station; top of north rail 1,053.7

Nineveh, in front of station; toj) of north rail 1,033.7

Afton, in front of station ; top of north rail 982.0

Afton, 1,050 feet northeast of, northeast comer of ironrder Bridge No. 90J, crossing over highway, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped "973 A " 972.782

Sidney Quadrangle.

Bainbridge, 2 miles south of, northeast comer of small cattle-pass opening, in foundation

stone; bronze tablet stamped " 978 A " 977.676

Bainbridge, in front of station; top of north rail 1,006.2

Bainbridge, 2.75 miles east of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 84, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped "989 A" 989.674

Sidney, 0. 25 mile west of Delaware and Hudson station, at crossing of Delaware and Hudson

and New York, Ontario and Westem railroads; top of rail 990.9

Sidney, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of south rail 993. 1

Unadilla, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail 1,025.0

Unadilla, Union school building, foundation wall at left of main entrance; aluminum tablet stamped " 1024 A " 1,023.325

Oneonta Quadrangle.

Wells Bridge, 300 feet west of station, northeast comer of highway bridge across Susquehanna

River, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 1047 A " 1,046.657

Wells Bridge, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of south rail 1,049.5

Otego, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of rail 1,063.9

Otego, 1 mile east of, southeast comer of culvert, third step from top; bronze tablet stamped

"1051 A" 1,050.145

Oneonta, State Normal School, in face of west pillar at main entrance; aluminum tablet

stamped 1232 A" 1, 231.912

Oneonta, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of north rail 1,083.9

Oneonta, Delaware and Hudson station; southwest comer of doorsill of door into waiting

room and dining hall (door faces track and is east of office window) 1, 086. 469

Delhi Quadrangle.

Colliers, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of rail 1, 119. 3

Colliers, 700 feet east of, bridge No. 54 across Susquehanna River; northeast comer of coping

stone of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 1119 A" 1, 118-

Cooperstown Junction, in front of station; top of rail 1, 127-

Cooperstown Quadrangle.

Maryland, 1 .9 miles west of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 51 across Schenevus Creek, m par-

apet wall ; bronze tablet stamped " 1170 A" 1, ift

Maryland, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail 1,21-

Schenevus, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail 1,27'

Schenevus, 0.25 mile east of Delaware and Hudson station, southeast comer of bridge across

Schenevus Creek, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped 1272 A" 1, 27

Worcester, 80 feet west of west end of Delaware and Hudson station, foundation of railroad .-r

water tank, third course of stone, east side of tank; aluminum tablet stamped "1311 A" .

Richmond Ville Quadrangle.

Worcester, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail 1,

East Worcester, 0.75 mile west of, north end of center pier of railroad bridge or large culvert;

aluminum tablet in capstone stamped " 1406 A" 1,

East Worcester, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail 1,

Richmond ville, 0.6 mile west of, northeast comer of Delaware and Hudson Railroad bridge

No. 31, in coping stone of east abutment wall; bronze tablet stamped "1224 A" 1,222'

Richmondville, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of south rail 1,

Cobleskill, 1 mile west of, south end of culvert at west side of road crossing; chiseled square.

Schoharie Quadrangle.

Cobleskill, Union school building, stone foundation at northwest comer; bronze tablet stamped "930 A" 929.

Precise Leveling 17

Feet.

in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of north rail 909. 1

Ba rnerville, crossing, on rock 50 feet north of rai Iroad ; chiseled square 903. 833

Bamerville, crossing, in front of station; top of north rail 906. 1

Elowe Cave, in f rone of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail 795. 4

Howe Cave, 1.2 miles east of, bridge seat at northwest comei of small bridge or open culvert;

bronze tablet stamped " 731 A" 730. 725

?entral Bridge, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail 621. 1

5choharie Junction, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail. 598. 8

Kspe ranee, 1,250 feet west of Delaware and Hudson station, north end of stone culvert under

Delaware fend Hudson Railroad, in coping stone; bronze tablet stamped 753 A" 752. 440

Esperance in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail 768.

Berne Quadrangle.

Delanson, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of south rail 812. 5

Amsterdam Quadrangle.

Duanesburg, 1,000 feet west of Delaware and Hudson station, north end of east abutment of

bridge; bronze tablet stamped " 681 A" 680. 822

Duanesburg, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail 6t6. 6

Kelleys, at station; top of rail 490.9

Kelleys, 1.75 miles east of, 750 feet east of highway, at east abutment of cattle and wagon pass,

in coping stone; bronze tablet stamped " 410 A" 409. 008

South Schenectady, at road crossing of West Shore and Delaware and Hudson railroads; top of rail 349.1

Schenectady Quadrangle.

Schenectady, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge over Erie Canal, northeast comer of coping stone of abutment wall; bronze tablet stamped " 242 A" 241.195

Schenectady, Along The Erie Canal, To Cohoes.

Schenectady, 4 miles east of , Rexf ord Feeder Bridge, Erie Canal; coping 1.5 feet from south comer west abutment : 217. 244

Rexford, 3.5 miles east of; coping stone on south comer of east wall of west liock No. 20 208. 305

Rexford, 3.5 miles east of; top of screw bolt fastening down collar of southwest gate of west

Lock No. 20 208.396

Rexford, 6.5 miles east of; top of projection of stone on second course of masonry at east corner of south abutment of second canal bridge below Lock No. 19 190. 870

Cohoes Quadrangle.

Cohoes, 3.5 miles west of, east end of lower Mohawk Aqueduct, southwest comer of parapet

wall; chiseled cross inclosed by circle 194. 608

Cohoes, on top of wa,ll west side of mill race between Locks Nos. 15 and 16, 6 inches from northeast comer of small brick building between mill race and towpath; chiseled cross 159. 404

Cohoes, Lock No. 15, on east wall, south end of west lock; cross cut on second foot-iron clamp,

(U. S. Engineer Corps benchmark) 159. 890

Cohoes, Lock No. 15, southwest comer of east wall of west lock; top of point of coping 159. 810

Chenango, Delaware, Madison, Oneida, And Otsego

Counties.

DEPOSIT, HANCOCK, NEW BERLIN, ONEONTA, OBISKANT, SIDNEY, CTICA, WALTON, WIN- FIELD, AND SANGERFIELD QUADRANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling over the following route. A small circuit was first run in Utica, recovering various bench marks of other level lines, and closed with an error of 0.01 foot in a total distance of 4.0 miles of double-rodded, direct and reverse, simultaneous lines. The main line thence continues south from Lock No. 46 to a connection near Sidney, or 2.7 miles east of Bainbridge, with the precise-level line run in 1899 by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, the results of which were published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, and are republished in this bulletin as corrected by the 1903 adjustment.

Bull. 281—06 2

18 Hpirit Lkvklincj In Wkw York, 1896 To 1905.

Continuing them south a final ronni'<*tion was niadt* 0.7 niilo north of Hancock to the pn'ciso-lcvcl line run in UXM) hy Mr. H. Scnipt'r, lovclinan, the results of which appear in this bulletin. Thus are formed two elementary lines of the precise-level net, 63.6 miles and 43.9 miles, respwtively, with a total divergence in each section of only 0.02 foot between the dinct and verse simultaneous lines, though the maximum local divergence amounted to 0.04 foot in a of 5 miles and 0.05 foot in another of 7 miles.

Tlie adjustment of the precise-level net made in the spring of 1903 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, in which these lines became factors, resulted in increasing the elevation by the unadjusted line 0.1 19 ftwt at Sidney with respect to Utica, and 0.078 foot at Hancock with to Sidney. The elevations here listed result from said adjustment.

A Buflf & Berger precise* level was used with a 4-inch second vial, and the double-simultaneous method. Tlie leveling was done during part of July, August, and September, 1901, by Mr. D. II. Baldwin, topographer in charge. All standard bench marks are stamped with the letters "VLBANY'' in addition to the figuns of elevation and year.

TTICA gUADRAXClLE.

Feet. Utica, Deep Waterways mark, al)()ut 50 feet north of north bank of Mohawk River and

about 8.) feet northeast from northeast corner of railroad bridge over Mohawk River,

Black River branch of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad; copper nail in

root of elm tree 405. 083

Utica, post-ollice, west side of oast of two rear entrances in basement area on building wall;

bronze tablet stamped " 419 feet " 417.207

IHica, Seneca Street Bridge, southeast comer of lower step, west wing towpath (north)

abutment: chiseled square 430. 14

Utica, Whitesboro Street Bridge, old lunch mark in new position on top of southeast corner

of stone platfonn at base of east stairs, towpath abutment, about 3 feet above towpath;

chiseled circle stamped B. M." on south face 431.56

Utica, Whitesboro Street Bridge (State engineer's B. M. No. 222), southwest comer of stone

platform ])ase of west stairs, towpath abutment, 3 feet towpath; copper bolt 431, 637

Utica, Look No. 46 (State engineer's B. M. No. 223), northeast hollow quoin, towpath lock,

between anchors; copper bolt 430. 410

UTICA, SOUTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN, THE UNADILLA VALLEY, ANI> THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILROADS, TO SIDNEY.

ORISKANY QUADRANdLE.

Utica, Pleasant avenue, Delaware, LHckawanna and Western Railroad crossing; top of east

rail 477.8

New Ilurtford, junction with trolley at station; top of east rail 537.7

Washington Mills, crossing; top of oast rail 616.6

Willowvale, crossing; top of oast rail 658. 1

Chadwick, 0.5 mile north of, 75 feet west of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad track, brick storehouse of Utica-Willowvale Bleaching Company, in sandstone water table

at east end of north wall; aluminum tablet 690.*

Chadwick, crossing at station; top of east rail 721.

Saquoit, crossing at station; top of east rail

Winfield Quadrancile.

Clayville, in front of station; top of east rail 985.

Richfield Junction, in front of new station: top of east rail, mam track 1, 176.

RichQeld Junction, 0,36 mile south of, on south end of foundation wall of wooden trestle bent under overhead highway bridge, west side of track, aluminum tablet stamped '1221

Albany 1901" 1,221.5

Richfield Junction, 1.15 miles south of, about 2.50 feet north of red tool house, summit of rail road ; top of east rail 1, 271.

Sancjerfieli) Quadranole.

Richfield Junction, 2.84 miles south of, at North Bridgowator crossing near old milk station,

top of east rail 1, 235.

Dridgewater, in front of station; top of east rail 1,198.L

Precise Leveling., 19

Line Continued South Along The Unadilla Valley Railway.

Feet. Leonard sville, at southeast corner of milk station, in face of corner stone of foundation;

aluminum tablet stamped "1152 ALBANY 1901" 1,152.551

Leonardsville, at crossing near station; top of east rail 1, 148. 7

West Edmeston, crossing; top of east rail 1, 138. 8

West Edmeston, northeast comer of highway bridge, on coping stone of east abutment;

chiseled square 1, 134. 21

New Berlin Quadrangle.

West Edmeston, 1.55 miles south of, southwest comer of highway bridge, on coping stone of

foundation; chiseled square 1, 127. 18

Sweets, road crossing near station; top of east rail 1, 123. 8

South Edmeston, at road crossing; top of east rail ♦ 1, HI.

South Edmeston, 0.2 mile east of railroad, northeast comer of highway bridge, on top stone

9f foundation; aluminum tablet stamped "1110 ALBANY 1901 " 1, 109. 984

New Berlin, New York, Ontario and Western Railway bridge No. 52, near northwest end of center pier, on top of coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped 1089 ALBANY 1901 " 1,089. 291

LINE CONTINUED SOUTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY.

New Berlin, opposite New York, Ontario and Western station; top of southeast rail 1,093. 4

New Berlin, 1.01 miies south of, south side of stone-arch highway bridge, on face of keystone;

chiseled cross 1, 091. 32

Sage, crossing near flag station; top of east rail 1, 085. 1

New Berlin Center, in front of flag station; top of east rail 1, 073. 6

Davis, crossing; top of east rail 1, 074.

South New Berlin, railroad crossing south of station; top of east rail 1,057.

south New Berlin, Baptist Church, under front window, north side of entrance, near northwest comer of building, in third course of brick above water table; aluminum tablet

stamped "1059 ALBANY 1901" 1,059. 67

New Berlin, 1.21 miles south of, southeast comer of railroad bridge, on abutment; chiseled

square 1,074.24

llolmesville, in front of station, main track; top of east rail 1,067.8

Sidney Quadrangle.

llolmesville, 1.77 miles south of, southeast abutment of wooden railroad bridge; chiseled

square 1, 054. 54

White's store, in front of station; top of east rail 1, 072. 8

Lathams Corners, at north crossing; top of east rail 1, 049. 9

Rockwells Mills, at crossing near station, main track; top of east rail 1, 055. 4

Mount Upton, Methodist Church, north side of front (east) entrance, in third course of

foundation stone above ground; aluminum tablet stamped "1035 ALBANY 1901 " 1, 035. 710

Mount Upton, in front of station, top of east rail 1, 047. 2

Mount Upton, 2.38 miles south of, northwest corner of large iron highway bridge over Una-

dilla River, 150 feet east of track, on coping; chiseled square 1,017.07

Rockdale, in front of station; top of east rail 1, 020. 18

New Berlin Junction, at highway crossing, on New York, Ontario and Western Railway;

top of east rail, main Ime 1, 084. 4

UNE CONTINUED SOUTH, ALONG THE MAIN LINE OF THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO SIDNEY, THENCE WEST.

Sidney at junction, grade crossing of Delaware and Hudson and New York, Ontario and Western Railways, top of rail 990. 9

Bainbridge, 2.7 miles east of, on coping stone at southwest corner of bridge No. 84, bronze tablet stamped "989 ALBANY 1901 " 989. 674

SIDNEY, ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAIL- WAY, SOUTHEAST TO WALTON, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO HAN- COCK.

Sidney Quadrangle.

South Unadilla, in front of station; top of east rail 1, 159. 3

Youngs, in front of station; top of north rail 1, 238. 3

May wood, in front of station, top of east rail \.,'3Sfe.'b

Maywood (Sidney Center;, trestle No. 216, under north side Vtom-a.x end, in top ot old pier, aluminum tablet stamped IZW ALBXX IWiV \,'VA.s:

20 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1906.

Oneonta Quadrangle.

Feet.

Franklin Htation, croHsing; top of north rail 1,582.2

Mcrrickvillp, at crosMing: top of north rail 1,700.0

Northftold, 0.37 mile northwest of, 30 fwt Houth of south end of Zigzag tunnel, vertical face of rock on west Hide of track about 6 feet above rail; aluminum taMet stamped "1766

Albany 1901" 1,766.900

N'orthfleld,0..'17 mile northwest of, at railroad summit, north end of oil house; top of east rail. 1,765.1 Northfleld, in front of station; top of northeast rail 1,757.2

Walton Quadrangle.

Northficld, 5.95 miles southe-ast of, southeast comer of bridge, on foundation stone; chiseled

square 1,31168

Walton, in front of station ; top of rail 1, m 4

Walton, southwest comer of North and (gardiner streets, northeast comer of Ogden Free Library, east face of comer of water table; aluminum tablet stamped '*1215 ALBANY

1901" 1,216.051

Pine, .switch crossing; top of southeast rail 1,201.1

Hocrston, at crossing, main track; top of south rail 1. 181. 3

Kock Kift, 0.!) mile north of, If feet south of crossing, on east side of track, 4 feet above rail,

on face of ledge; aluminum tablet stamped "1214 ALBANY 1901" 1,214.760

Rock Rift, in front of station; top of east rail 1,226.8

Deposit Quadrangle.

Apex, 0.4o mile north of, at railroad .summit; top of east rail 1, 461. 3

Apex, in front of station: top of cast rail 1, 445. 1

Hancock Quadrangle.

Cadosia, 0.17 mile west of, at west abutment of trestle No. B 1," on south comer coping

stone of parapet wall; aluminum tablet stamped ALB.VNY 1901" 990.572

Hancock, in front of station, north-bound track; top of north rail 923.7

Hancock, southeast corner of Bridge No. 18. on foundation stone; chilled square 912. 74

Hancock, 0.7') mile north of, southeast corner of large steel Bridge No. 19, top of parapet

wall, 6 feet east of rail : ])ronze tablet stamped "924 ALBANY 1900" 924 721

Broome, Delaware, Orange, Sullivan, And Ulster

Counties.

BINOHAMTON, DEPOSIT, (JOSHEN, HANCOCK, NAKBOWSBl K6, NEWBVBti, NINEVEH, lOJfti EDDY, POUOHKEEPSIE, PORT JEBVIS <UADBANtiLE8.

The clevatioiLs in the following list arc the result of a line of precise levels run from Binghaniton to Poughkeepsio. The two sections of this line, Binghamton to Hancock and Hancock to Poughkeopsie, form links in the net of precise leveling 49 and 138 miles, respectively, in length. The result of the 1903 adjustment was to increase the elevation at Hancock with respect to Binghamton 0.042 foot and to increase the elevation at Poughkeepsie with respect to HanccK'k 0.423 foot. The double-simultaneous method was employed, with a Buff & Berger precise level and an 8-second vial. The Pennsylvania portions of this line will be published under Pennsylvania.

The leveling was done during June, July, and August, 1900, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman. The standard bendi marks are referred to the Albany datum and are stamped with the letters ''ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation.

Binghamton, Along Erie Railroad Via Hancock, To Middletown-

Binghamton Quadrangle.

Feet. Binghamton, Broome County court-house, west end of, at left of basement entrance from

Collier street; ahimlnum tablet stamped "867 A" 866.056

Langdon, 1 ,000 feet north of station, top of south abutment west side of creek culvert; bronze

tablet stamped " 860 ALBANY 1900 " 860. -168

Iangdon, in front of station; top of rail 864

Kirkwood, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 87l.o

ft From this point via Main street downhill to Erie station, thence northwest to tablet.

Precise Leveling. 21

Feet. Kirkwood, 0.5 mile south of, retaining wall of signal tower, in northwest comer, 7 feet northwest of tower house; railroad spike in top of timber of retaining wall 872. 52

Riverside, in front of station; top of rail 869. 8

Nineveh Quadrangle.

Gulf Summit, at railroad crossing near station, north-bound track; top of rail 1, 363. 6

Oquaga, at railroad crossing by station, north-bound track; top of rail 1 , 153. 6

Deposit Quadrangle.

Deposit, 1 mile west of, iron bridge over river, south wing of east abutment; bronze tablet marked "1026 ALBANY 1900" '. 1,026.543

Deposit, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 1, 003. 7

Deposit, 4.4 miles south of, north abutment of iron bridge, west side, top of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped *978 ALBANY 1900" 978. 972

Hales Eddy, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 973. 3

Hancock Quadrangle.

Hancock, 0.7 mile northwest of, large steel bridge, on top of parapet wall, 6 feet east of rail;

bronze tablet stamped "924 ALBANY 1900" 924.721

Hancock, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 923. 7

Stockport, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 891. 9

Stockport, 1.1 miles south of, Bridge No. 17, west abutment, south side, on top of second step;

bronze tablet stamped "882 ALBANY 1900" 882.904

Eddy Quadrangle.

Lordville, opposite milepost " J . C. 153 B . 271 ", north-bound track; top of rail 869. 3

Lordville, at railroad station, suspension bridge over Delaware River, in face of north abutment; bronze tablet stamped "865 ALBANY 1900" 865. 915

Long Eddy, 400 feet north of station, girder bridge, east side of south abutment, in top of

bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped "834 ALBANY 1900" 835.195

Long Eddy, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 836.7

Hankins, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 807. 5

Hankins, 1 mile south of, 100 feet west of milepost "J C 141 ", south side of railroad, in west

abutment of small bridge over creek; aluminum tablet stamped "801 ALBANY 1900".. 802.015

Calhcoon, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 782. 3

Callicoon, 900 feet south of station, railroad girder bridge over Delaware River, top of north

abutment, east side; bronze tablet stamped *780 ALBANY 1900" ,. . , 780. 683

Narrowsburg Quadrangle.

Cohecton, 100 feet north of station, railroad bridge over highway, top of north abutment,

east side; bronze tablet stamped "746 ALBANY 1900" 746. 777

Cohecton, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 749.

Narrowsburg, in f roht of station, north-bound track; top of rail 715. 6

Narrowsburg, 600 feet west of station, 100 feet west of east end of rock cut, north side; bronze

tablet stamped "718 ALBANY 1900" 718. 717

Tusten, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 684. 6

Port .Tervis Quadrangle.

Sparrowbush, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail 473, 4

Port Jervis, Erie Railroad bridge over East Main stroot, top of south abutment, wost side,

first step below bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped "456 ALBANY 1900" 457. 077 .

Guymard, 600 feet north of station, railroad culvert, top of north abutment, west side; bronze

tablet stamped "780 ALBANY 1900" 780. 914

Otisville, 500 feet west of station, small railroad bridge over private road, wost abutment,

north side, top of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped "861 ALBANY 1900" 862. 219

Otisville, in front of station, west-bound track; top of rail 857. 5

Goshen Quadrangle.

Howells, in front of station, west-bound track; top of rail 688. 2

Middletown, in front of station, west-bound track; top of rail 562. 1

Middletown, Clemson Brothers' saw shop, in front face of brickwork, left of office entrance; bronze tablet stamped " 558 ALB A NY 1900 "

22 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Middletown, New York, Ontario And Western Railway,

To Campbell Hall.

Feet.

Mochanicstown, in front of Htation; top of rail 482.0

Crj'slal Hun, in front of station; top of rail 419.0

Stony Ford, in front of station; top of rail 372.4

CamplMill Hall, Caniplxll Hall Hotel, south face of brickwork; bronze tablet stamped "408

Albany 1900" 409.078

CAMPBELL HALL, NORTH ALONG WALLKILL VALLEY RAILROAD, TO WALDEN, THENCE TO EAST WALDEN, AND ALONG CEN- TRAL NEW ENGLAND RAILWAY TO POUGHKEEPSIE.

Newburu Quadrangle.

Neeleytown, in front of station; top of rail 376.5

Beaver Dam, in front of station; top of rail 403.7

Walden, National Bank, southwest comer; aluminum tablet -stamped **376" 375.136

St. Elmo, in front of station; top of rail 435.2

Modena, in front of station; top of rail 465.8

Moubray, in front of station; top of rail 4612

Elting, in front of station; top of rail 421.0

Clintondale, in front of station; top of rail 386.3

Lloyd, street railroad in front of station; top of rail 353. 6

Lloyd, Centerville Hotel, southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped "350" 358.177

Pouuhkeepsie Quadrangle.

Poughkeepsie, comer of Main and Washington streets; in front face of city hall; aluminum tablet stamped "173 A" 172.991

Chemung County.

ELMIKA qiADRANOLE.

The following elevations an* a portion of the results of a line of precise levels run in 1899 by Mr. C II. Semper, levehnan, south over the Northern Central Railway to Williamsport, Pa. The remainder of results and a fuller description of this line will be published under Pennsylvania.

Elmira, South Along The Northern Central Railway, To

Williamsport, Pa.

Feet.

Southport, in front of station; top of east rail 8543

Elniini, 7 miles south of, creek und cattle-pass culvert, west side of railroad, in wall; bronze

tablet HARRISBURG 18iH)" 1,068.338

State ])0undiiry (New York- Pennsylvania) line post, opposite; top of rail 1,096.7

Allegany, Livingston, Monroe, And Steuben Counties.

Caledoma, Canasebaua, Iionkoyk, Hoknellsville, Ncnda, And Bochesteb

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling, based upon the Rochester datum connecting the Lake Survey gage bench mark at Charlotte with th State engineer's level line of 1901 at Rochester and continued south to a final connection at Homellsville with the precise-level line run by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, in 1899-

This line fonns an element in the precise-level net and a factor in the 1903 adjustment of the same made by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. The amount of correction this line received by this adjustment is 0.084 foot in a total distance of 88.4 miles the original elevation at Homellsville by this line being lowered with respect to Charlotte- The total divergence of the direct and reverse, sinmltaneous rodded hnos is 0.096 foot.

The double-simultaneous method was employed, with a BufT & Berger precise level and a 4-second vial. The leveling was done during part of September, 1901, and part of

Precise 23

August and September, 1902, by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer in charge. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters "ROCHESTER " in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

CHARLOTTE, SOUTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL, THE PENNSYL- VANIA, THE LEHIGH VALLEY, THE PITTSBURG, SHAWMUT AND NORTHERN, AND THE ERIE RAILROADS, VIA ROCHESTER AND NUNDA, TO HORNELLSVILLE.

Rckiiester Qitadrangle.

Feet. Charlotte, 0.22 mile northeast of New York Central station, old .light-house, side of

water table at south-southeast angle, east of the south window; chiseled cross (V. S. L. S.

B. M.) 283.168

Barnard, crossing; top of northwest rail 401. 4

Little Ridge crossing; top of west rail 432. 1

Rochester, Ridgeway avenue, or Big road crossing; top of west rail 472. 1

Rochester, highway bridge No. 87, over barge canal, south abutment, east wing; chiseled

square on lowest step 512. 22

Rochester (State engineer's bench mark No. 457), Rowe Street Bridge No. 86, near towpath,

on foundation under east tower; chiseled square 512. 64

Rochester, Rowe Street Bridge (Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway) , southwest

comer, on parapet stone; chiseled square 527. 10

Rochester, Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway bridge over Niagara Falls Railroad,

southwest comer, on parapet wall; chiseled square 548. 81

Rochester, Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway bridge over New York Central Railroad; top of west rail 661. 6

Rochester, grade crossing of Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg main line over Pennsylvania

(branch) R ilroad; top of rail 543. 4

Line Continued South Along The Pennsylvania Kailkoad.

Rochester, 0.22 mile south of, Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway crossing, west of

track, near north end of stone culvert; chiseled square 538. 32

Genesee Junction, West Shore Railroad bridge, northeast corner, near northwest corner of

parapet stone; chiseled square 524. 75

Genesee Junction, in front of station; top of east rail 526.

Genesee Junction, 1.49 miles south of, southeast comer of small bridge over old canal, coping

of foundation wall; chiseled square 525. 90

Whites, road crossing, near flag station; top of east rail 527. 1

Whites, 0.72 mile south of, old lock, west side wall, south quoin between anchors; chiseled

square 530. 93

Severance, in front of flag station; top of east rail 532.6

Severance, 640 feet south of, northwest corner of bridge over canal, on coping stone; chiseled

square 531. 38

Severance, 2.23 miles south of, northeast comer of highway bridge over canal, on coping

stone; chiseled square 534. 53

Scottsville, 800 feet north of station, south side of creek overflow dam, on top of stone pier;

bronze tablet stamped "537 ROCHESTER 1902" 535.447

Scottsville, in front of station, main track; top of west rail 538. 4

Honeoye Quadrangle.

Scottsville, 1. 75 miles south of, southwest corner of culvert, on coping stone; chiseled square. . 540. 3D

Honeoye Junction, in front of flag station; top of oast rail 537. 3

Honeoye Junction, Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge No. 34, northeast comer, near comer of

foundation coping stone; chiseled square 553. 584

Line Continued East Along Leiiigii Valley Railroad.

Genesee Valley Junction, grade crossing of Krie and Lehigh Valley railroads; top of rail 538.8

Caledonia Quadrangle.

LINE CONTINUED ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD SOUTHWEST TO AVON, THENCE ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.

Avon, near Pennsylvania Railroad station, road creasing; top of east rail 543.6

Fowlerville, 1.42 miles north of, remains of old craial lock, west wall, near center of top stone; chiseled square SV.Qt

24 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet.

Fowlerville, in front of station: top of east rail 561.2

York, in front of station; top of east rail 561.3

York, 1.02 miles south of, east side of track, on coping stone of culvert; chiBeled square 555.76

Pitlard. 600 feet north of, west side of track, east side wall of drain from salt works, on coping

stone; chiseled square 564.96

Piflard, in front of station; top of east rail 560.0

Piflard, 1 .91 miles south of, east side of track, southeast comer of large culvert wall, on coping stone; chiseled square 566.58

Cuylerville, in front of station; top of east rail 560.9

Cuyler\'ille, 0.53 mile south of, northwest comer of Bridge No. 5, on northwest comer of parapet wall; chiseled square 569.29

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Junction, grade crossing; top of east rail 586.8

Nunda Quadrangle.

Mount Morris, 2,200 feet east of Delaware, Lackawanna and Westem station, at northwest comer of railroad bridge, on coping stone: aluminum tablet stamped "575 ROCHESTER

1901" 574. 084

Mount Morris, mile north of Erie Railroad station, grade crossing of Delaware, Lackawanna and Westem; top of rail 574. 2

Mount Morris, in front of Erie station; top of west rail 597.4

Mount Morris, 0.48 mile south of Erie Railroad station, southeast comer of Pennsylvania railroad bridge, near northeast comer of parapet wall; chiseled square 603. 72

Sonyea, 0.3 mile north of, southwest comer of girder bridge over highway, top of parapet

wall; chiseled square 611. 56

Sonyea, in front of station; top of east rail 623.5

Sonyea, 0.54 mile south of, center of Bridge No. 12 over Keshaqua Creek; top of east rail 630.6

Sonyea, 2.38 miles south of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 13, near northeast comer of parapet wall ; square 707. 58

Tusearora, 0.61 mile north of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 15, northeast comer of parapet

wail; chiseled square 748.82

Tusearora, in front of station; top of east rail 767. 1

Tusearora, 1,100 feet south of, southeast comer of bridge, top of parapet wall; bronze tablet marked "773 ROCHESTER 1902" 773.302

Nunda Junction, in front of station; top of east rail, Swains branch 868.7

Nunda, in front of station; top of west rail 941.0

Nunda, Fireman's Hall, front face, 1 foot from northwest comer, in water table; aluminum

tablet stamped "'944 ROCHESTER 1902" 944.345

Line Continued Along The Pittsburg, Shawmut And Northern Railroad.

Nunda, 4.27 miles southca&t of, 60 feet south of crossing, west side of track, on coping stone of box drain; chiseled square 1,253.96

Ross crossing, 1.40 miles northwest of, small wooden bridge near farm crossing; top of east rail 1 , 290. 5

Line Continued Along Erie Railroad.

Ross crossing, 200 feet southeast of, between tracks, north side of open culvert, on coping stone; chiseled square 1,317.95

Canaseraga Quadrangle.

Swains, 1.7 miles north of, southeast comer of steel-girder bridge over small stream, on parapet wall; chiseled square 1,305.38

Swains, north of the Pittsburg, Shawniut and Northern Railroad station, near southwest corner of highway bridge, south of railroad, in west wing wall, on large flat stone; chiseled square 1,298.58

Swains, 200 feet south of p:rie railroad station, small Union Church, northwest comer of, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "' VUG ROCH ESTER 1902" 1,31G. 658

Swains, in front of Erie station; top of north rail 1,307.5

Swains, 0.4 mile southeast of, northwest comer of Bridge No. 9, on coping stone of foundation; chiseled square - 1,297. 10

Swains, 1.79 miles southeast of, northeast comer of Bridge No. 8, on parapet wall; 'chiseled square 1,275.69

Garwood, in front of station; top of south rail, north-bound track 1,274.9

Canaseraga, 0.2 mile northwest of, northeast comer of Bridge No. 6J, on foundation stone; chiseled square 1 260. 33

Precise Leveling. 25

Feet.

Canaseraga, in front of station, west-bound track; top of south rail 1, 257.

Canaseraga, Kingston Hotel, southwest comer, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped

' 1253 Rochester 1902 " 1, 252. 973

Iiornellsville Quadrangle.

Bums, in front of station; top of northeast rail 1, 196. 2

Burns, 0.4 mile southeast of, north side of track, on east wall of open culvert; chiseled square. 1, 190. 10

Arkport, in front of station; top of north rail 1, 191. 9

Arkport, Methodist Protestant Church, southeast comer, in foundation stone; aluminum

tablet stamped " 1188 ROCHESTER 1902" 1, 188. 284

Arkport, 1.91 miles south of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 4, on wing wall; chiseled square. 1, 169. Homellsville, 0.66 mile north of station, southeast comer of B ridge No. 1, on foundation stone;

chiseled square .' 1, 169. 04

Homellsville, 0.7 mile east of station, northeast comer of railroad bridge, on foundation wall;

aluminum tablet stamped " 1141 D " 1, 142. 481

CATTARAUGUS COUNTY. BEDHOUSE AND SALAMANCA qtADKANllLES.

The elevations in the following list are the New York portion of the result of two independent double-simultaneous lines of precise leveling run in opposite directions between Salamanca, N. Y., and Irvineton, Pa.

The total divergence between the two lines was 0.043 foot, and the divergence in the rerun line of 1902 alone was 0.011 foot. The total correction to the mean line by the latest adjustment is 0.128 foot in the total distance of 48.8 miles, increasing the elevation at Irvineton with respect to Salamanca, the correction to the 1902 line alone being 0.085 foot. A Buff & Berger precise level was employed in each case, though with an 8-second vial in first line and a 4-second vial in later line. The leveling on the forward line was done m 1899 by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, and on the backward line in 1902 by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer. The standard bench marks are referred to the Dunkirk datum and are stamped with the letters "DUNKIRK" in addition to the figures of elevation and year 1899.

Salamanca, Southwest Along The Pennsylvania Railroad, To

State Line.

Salamanca Quadrangle.

Feet. Salamanca, Union High School building, Maple street, at right of entrance, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped 'ISQl DUNKIRK 1899" 1,391.485

Redhouse Quadrangle.

Sbongo, in front of station; top of north rail 1, 372.

Redhouse, in front of station, main track; top of south rail 1 , 345. 9

Redhouse, 0.56 mile southwest of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 126. on foundation coping

stone; aluminum tablet stamped ' 1340 DUNKIRK 1899 " 1,340.904

Cold Spring, in front of signboard; top of south rail 1, 327. 5

Quaker Bridge, in front of station; top of rail 1,329. 4

Quaker Bridge, 1.03 miles southwest of, northeast corner of steel-truss bridge, on foundation

coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped 1316 DUNKIRK 1899" 1,317.298

Wolf Run, in front of station; top of south rail 1, 328. 9

Wolf Run, 0.10 mile west of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 121, on parapet ot coping stone;

chiseled square 1 , 327. 018

Onoville, in front of station; top of west rail 1, 306. 6

State line, opposite boundary post; top of east rail 1,295. 2

26 Spirit Leveling In New Tork, 1896 To 1905.

CHAUTAUQUA AND ERIE COUNTIES. BUFFALO, DI:NK1KK, KDEN, AND KILVKK t'BRGK qtADBANGLKS.

Tlie elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels connecting army engineers' marks at Buffalo and Dunkirk which were formerly established from lake gaging. This line is an element in the precise-level net and became a factor in the adjustment made by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in the spring of 1903. In accord with this adjustment a correction of 0.217 foot has been distributed proportional U) the distance throughout this line to the unadjasted results, raising the elevation at Dunkirk 0.217 foot with respect to Buffalo. The unadjusted results close low 0.034 foot at Dunkirk upon the latest unadjusted water levels from figures in part given by the War Department to a commtm elevation at Buffalo. The water-level connection was derived by comparisons made Buffalo and Erie and between Erie and Dunkirk. The elevation at Dunkirk, upon the old amiy engineers' datum, was obtained from a local office several years ago and no new records were obtainable, but the relative heights of the Buffalo and Erie bench marks have been more correctly determined by addition of later gage records.

The water leveling to the Dunkirk bench mark has not entered as a factor in the adjusts ment, since its weight was in doubt; there has thus been 0.184 foot correction made to the water leveling between Buffalo and Dunkirk by the adjustment.

The double-simultaneous method was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level and a 4-second vial. The total length of this double-rodded line is 40.87 miles, and the total divergence, 0.101 foot. The leveling was done during part of July and August, 1902, bj Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer in charge. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters " ROCIIEISTER " in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

BUFFALO, ALONG THE LAKE SHORE AND MICHIGAN SOUTHERN RAIL- WAY, TO DUNKIRK.

Buffalo Quadrangle.

Feet. Buffalo (United States Engineers' bench mark and State Canal bench mark No. 553), South

United States Pier Light House, upper surface of plinth; east angle stamped by chiseling in

stone so as to leave a rounded point 590.099

Buffalo, Michigan Street Bridge over Buffalo Creek; surface of floor 587.0

Buffalo, Lehigh Valley Railroad lunch mark, northwest comer of bridge over Ohio Slip; in

top of foundation stone; iron bolt 586.228

Buffalo, northwest of New York Central switch tower, 24 feet from old stone milepost, 10 feet

west of track; top of rail driven vertically in ground 589-

Buffalo, grade crossing of Erie Railroad, four tracks; top of rail

Buffalo, southeast corner of three-span, iron-truss bridge, overhead crossing of the Delaware,

Lackawanna and Western Railroad, on south comer of fourteenth step from top of wing

wall about level with track; chiseled square

Buffalo (railroad bench mark), northwest comer two-span, steel-truss Bridge No. 267 over

Buffalo River, southwest corner of parapet wall; chiseled circle

West Seneca, 0.58 miles north of, end of trestle and two-span bridge overhead crossing, at .g

north end of stone pier about 4 feet above main track, on coping stone; chiseled square „

West Seneca, in front of station; top of rail 59''

West Seneca, 1.04 miles south of (New York Central Railroad bench mark), 20 feet south of .,-

survey station 606-h50, 400 feet south of switch tower; top of rail driven vertically in ground. 59 '

Athol Springs, in front of station; top of rail

Athol Springs, 0.76 mile south of, milepost " B 11 " north face, 6 feet above ground; chiseled

square

Athol Springs, 0.91 mile south of, southeast corner of stone-arch culvert bridge, in south face

of coping stone; bronze tablet stamped "631 ROCHESTER 1902" 631-

Athol Springs, 1.1 miles south of, road crossing to " Hamburg-on-the-Lake; " top of east rail . 63-

Eden Quadrangle.

Athol Springs, 1.79 miles south of, near Hamburg station on Pennsylvania Railroad, road crossing on Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway; top of rail 651.(5

Primary Leveling. 27

Feet. Lake View, 1.99 miles north of, west end of box culvert ; northeast comer of coping stone, chiseled square. 665. 55 -

Lake View, in front of station; top of rail 708. 8

North Evans, in front of station; top of rail 697. 5

Derby, 1.29 miles north of, 200 feet east of Lake Shore and Michigan Southern track, southeast comer of highway bridge, crossing Pennsylvania Railroad, in west face of concrete wing wall

2 feet above ground; bronze tablet stamped " 724 ROCHESTER 1902 " 723. 807

Derby, in front of station; top of rail 704. 6

Derby, 1.27 miles south of trestle No. 236, southwest corner, near northwest corner of coping stone; chiseled square 681. 08

Silver Creek Quadrangle.

Angola, 1.69 miles northeast of, northeast comer of trestle over ciittle pass, 1 foot above track,

on coping stone of wing wall; chiseled square 677. 16

Angola, 0.51 mile northeast of, southwest comer of truss and stone-arch Bridge No. 228, near

northwest comer of coping stone; chiseled square 680. 06

Angola, in front of station; top of rail 690.

Famhaih, southeast comer of Bridge No. 220, in east face of parapet coping stone; bronze

tablet stamped" 633 ROCHESTER 1902" 632.956

Famham, in front of station; top of rail 632. 3

Famham, 1.21 miles southwest of, northeast comer of culvert 218, on coping stone; chiseled

square 610. 15

Irving, in front of station; top of rail 601. 7

Silver Creek, southeast comer of Bridge No. 207 over Dunkirk street, near east comer of para-

wall; chiseled square 622. 10

Silver Creek, iii front of station; top of rail 625. 5

Silver Creek, 1.58 miles southwest of, southeast comer of Bridge No. 204 (A52), near southeast

comer of parapet stone; chiseled square 628. 02

Dunkirk Quadrangle.

Waites crossing, nearly opposite flag station; top of east rail 625. 4

Waites crossing, 0.70 mile south of, southeast comer of cattle pass Bridge No. 195, at east

comer of parapet stone; chiseled square 624. 10

Dunkirk, in front of Lake Shore and Michigan Southern railway station ; top of ra 598. 9

Dunkirk, St. Mary's Home and School, Washington avenue, between Third and Fourth streets, in water table 20 feet from northeast comer; aluminum tablet stamped 598 DUN- KIRK 1899" 598.936

PRIMARY LEVEIillSG.

Nassau, Queens, And Suffolk Counties.

BABYLON, HEMPSTEAD, MORICHES, NEW YORK, NORTHPOKT, OYSTER BAY, KlYERHEAD, AND SETAUKET QVADRANCiLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon army engineers* bench mark " -1-18.0555*' cut on the face of the retaining wall of Long Dock, in the military post grounds at Willets Point, and corrected also in agreement with United States Coast and Geodetic Survey elevation at Patchogue.

The elevation of this is accepted as 14.135 feet above mean sea level, as obtained from tidal-gage observations made by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Army Engineer Corps at Willets Point. The elevations listed on the Hempstead and Oyster Bay quadrangles are republished for completeness without correction from the Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, pp. 215-217.

The leveling on the Hempstead and Oyster Bay quadrangles was done in 1897 under the direction of Mr. E. B. Clark, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; that on the Northport and Babylon quadrangles was done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, by Mr. G.H. Semper, levelman; that on the Setauket quadrangle was done in 1902 under the direction of Mr. Geo. H. Guerdrum, topographer, by Mr. Alfred P. Meade, jr.; and that on the Moriches and Riverhead quadrangles was done in 1903 under the direction of Mr. J. M. Whitman, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters referring to "WILLETS PT." in addition to the figures of elevation.

28 Spirit Levkling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

NEW YORK QITADRANGLE. WILLETS POINT, SOUTH VIA BAYSIDE TO QUEENS, TI1EN( E EAST TO IIINEOLA.

Feet. Willets Point, militHry post grounds, long dock; face of retaining wall under coal shed, marked + 18.0555" with chisel 14.135

Hempstead Qitadranole.

Creedmoor schoolhouse, northwest comer of Madison avenue and Pine street, 15 feet from south line of lot and 2 feet from front line; iron post stamped 85 W. P." 85. 163

Mineola, Southeast Via Garden City And Hempstead, To Merrick.

Mineola, in coping west end north pier of railroad water tank; bronze tablet stamped 105 W. P." ia5.291

Merrick, southwest corper of railroad crossing, about 15 feet from center of tiBck, 5 feet west of line of street, 15 feet north of comer of stone; iron post stamped " 19 W. P." 18. 834

Merrick, West Via Freeport To Rockville, Thence North To Mineola.

Rockville Center, northeast comer of Village avenue and Observer street, in stone water table of brick building north of door between pilaster and window; bronze tablet stamped '26 W. P." 26.378

OYSTER BAY QUADRANGLE. MINEOLA, NORTHEAST VIA JERICHO, TO EAST NORWICH.

Jericho, opposite hotel; top of marble highway monument in triangle of roads 194. 08

Jericho, Jericho pike at forks of road to Oyster Bay and Syosset, retaining wall cast of road, 15 feet from driveway to residence ; bronze tablet stamped 218 W . P." 218. 160

East Norwich, West Via Roslyn To Bayside.

Roslyn, west side of south front of upper basin on public fountain; bronze tablet stamped

37 W. P." 37.452

NORTHPORT QUADRANGLE. JERICHO, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD, TO EAST NORTHPORT.

Syosset, road crossing at station; top of rail Dft*). 9

Syosset, 1.9 miles east of, overhead railroad bridge, south end of east abutment; top of bridge

seat, chiseled square 161. 38

Cold Spring, at road crossing at station; top of rail 129.8

Huntington, northwest comer of Central Presbyterian Church on Main street, front face;

bronze tablet stamped WILLETS PT. 1901" 52.193

EAST NORTHPORT, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY VIA COM MACK, TO BRENTWOOD, THENCE WEST ALONG RAILROAD TO DEERPARK.

East Northport,0.2 mile south of station, south comer of schoolhouse, front face; bronze tablet stamped '229 WILLETS PT. 1901" 229.433

Commack, near post-offico, northeast angle of crossroads; large flat rock 131. 57

Brentwood , 200 feet west of station, road crossing; top of rail 80.

Brentwood, southeast corner of Presbyterian Church 500 feet south of station, front face;

bronze tablet stamped "87 WILLETS PT. 1901" 87./G1

Edgewood, 100 feet south of station, at road crossing; top of rail 77. 5

Deerpark, 800 feet south of road crossing, in fronl face of south comer of church; bronze tablet

stamped "72 WILLETS PT. 1901" .' 72.071

East Northport, East Along The Long Island Railroad, To Kings Park.

East Northport, 2 miles east of. Bread and Cheese Hollow Bridge across ravine; west end;

top of rail 147. 9

Kings Park, road crossing; top of high rail 171. 8

Babylon Quadrangle.

Deerpark, South Along Highway, To Babylon.

Babylon, DeerparK avenue crossmg; top of rail '. 13.

Babylon, Methodist Episcopal Church on Deerpark avenue ,1toi\\, laco worth end; bronze tablet stamped "17 WILLETS PT. 1901" - \.'S11

Primary Leveling. 29

Babylon, Northwest Along Railroad Via Farmingdale, To Jericho.

Feet.

Farraingdalc, at main street crossing; top of rail 71

Farmingdale, front face of Catholic Church on Cherry street, east end; bronze tablet stamped '74 WILLETS PT. 1901" 73.550

Setauket Quadrangle.

KINGS PARK, EAST ALONG THE LONG ISLAND RAILROAD TO PORT JEFFERSON, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAYS SOUTH TO HOLTSVILLE, THENCE WEST TO BRENTWOOD.

Smithtown, southwest wing wall of big railroad bridge, cement pier, west end of bridge;

bronze tablet stamped "26 WILLETS" 25. 740

Stony Brook, 300 feet east of station, 30 feet north of track, at foot of triple tree; top of big

rock, chiseled square. 111. 26

Setauket, 100 feet west of station, north side of east abutment of railroad bridge; top of first

step below coping 80. 70

Port Jefferson, at east end of station, railroad crossing; top of north rail 191. 7

Port Jefferson, railroad crossing, 6 feet north of track, west side of highway crossing, 25 feet

east of freight station; iron post stamped "192 WILLETS" 192.078

Selden, northwest comer of Methodist Church, in brick foundation; bronze tablet stamped

"108 Willets" 107.61

Ruland Hill, Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation station, 1.9 miles south of feelden; top

of east stone reference post 332. 86

Holtsville, north face of brick house south of track, 150 feet east of station; bronze tablet

stamped ' ' 104 WILLETS " 103. 728

Ronkonkoma, east end of station, in grass plot, south of highway, north of track; iron post

stamped "108 WILLETS".. 108.300

Point 1.4 -Miles East Of Brentwood, North Along Highway, To Smithtown

Hauppauge, in front of post-oflSce, road crossing; top of big milestone 59. 06

Smithtown Branch, railroad crossing, south side of track, east side of highway, west end of station; spike in telegraph pole 63. 64

Patchoque, North To Holtsville.

Patchogue, Coast and Geodetic Survey gage bench mark No. 1, about 80 yards from shore, west of Ocean avenue; 4 spikes in twin cedar tree (elevation given by Coast Survey) 5. 70

Patchogue, railroad freight station, north side of track, in northeast corner of brick wall; aluminum tablet stamped "15 WILLETS PT." 15.540

MORICHES QUADRANGLE. SELDEN, ALONG PUBLIC ROAD EAST VIA MIDDLE ISLAND, TO RIVERHEAD.

Middle Island post-office, 0.4 mile east of; west of A.artist Lake, 20 feet south of center of highway, 175 feet west of road to Woodville, in rock; bronze tablet stamped "57 WILLETS PT." ; 57.065

Manorville , 3.5 miles north of , 1 .2 miles east of Horn Tavern , south of road , about 800 feet east of Henry Hallock's farmhouse, at road running south; iron post stamped "83 WILLETS PT." 83.454

Eastport, West Along The Long Island Railroad, To Patchogue. .

Center Moriches, pavement, west end of platform; rock 29. 99

South Haven, Presbyterian Church, northwest comer of foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped ' 17 WILLETS PT." 17. 654

Riverhead Quadrangle.

Riverhead, Southwest To Eastport.

Riverhead, northeast corner of court-house, in brick foundation; aluminum tablet stamped "28 WILLETS PT." 27.862

Eastport, 225 feet north of railroad station, south side of road to Speonk; iron post stamped "29 WILLETS PT." 29.780

30 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

ESstx, FRANKLIN, AND HAMILTON COUNTIES. LAKE PLACID, SANTANONI, HABANA1\ AND ST. KEI8 QUADRANCIIiES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon a bronze tablet in top of south end of east abutment of Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River, 600 feet west of Fort Covington station, stamped " 167 ALBANY 1900." The elevation of this is accepted as 166.453 feet above mean sea level, and is determined from a bench mark of the United State ? Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways, on the same abutment, the elevation of which b determined to be 1.017 feet lower than given by the Board, in accordance with the 1603 adjustment. For additional elevations on St. Regis quadrangle see list on the preciselevel line from Fort Covington to Tupper Lake Junction.

The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, as follows: On the Santanoni and Lake Placid and part of Saranac and St. Regis quadrangles in 1901 by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman; the remainder on St. Regis quadrangle was done in 1902 by Mr. George Seidel; and the remainder on Saranac quadrangle in 1902 by Messrs. Seidel and A. P. Meade, jr., levelmen. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped "FT. COVINGTON" in addition to the figures of elevation.

Santanoni Quadrangle.

Axton, Via Ampersand And Preston Ponds, To Averyville.

Feet. Axton, 6.5 miles east of, 0.7 mile southwest of Ampersand Lake, 450 feet west of old lumber

camp, 10 feet south of road, on large rock 20 by 15 feet; bronze tablet stamped "1917 FT.

Covington 1901" 1,917.438

Averyville, 550 feet south of school, 20 feet west of west margin of road, in large bowlder 8 feet

square; bronze tablet stamped "2069 FT. COVINGTON 1901" 2,069.446

AVERYVILLE, VIA LAKE PLACID AND ALONG THE CHATEAUGAY RAILROAD, TO LAKE

Averyville, 1.9 miles northeast of, iron bridge over river, west side of north abutment, on top of bridge seat ; chiseled square 1, 817. 88

Newcomb, North Along Road Toward Cold River (Single Spur Line).

Newcomb, 7.3 miles north of, 0.8 mile west of Moose Pond, on road to Cold River at top of hill, 30 feet east of road, on large rock; bronze tablet stamped '1910 FT. COVINGTON 1901". 1,909.615

PRESTON PONDS, SOUTH ALONG TRAIL AND PUBLIC ROADS VIA UPPER IRON WORKS, TO TAHAWAS.

[Excessive error distributed in this line.] Preston Pond, 800 feet south of, on east margin of trail between Preston Pond and Henderson Lake, in face of rock; bronze tablet stamped '2180 FT. COVINGTON 1901 " 2, 179. 791

Upper Iron Works, opposite Tahawas Ciub House, 65 feet east of road; on large rock; bronze tablet stamped "1771 FT. COVINGTON 1901" 1,770.881

Lake Placid Quadrangle.

Lake Placid, 0.4 mile south of station on road to Averyville, on west margin of road, in large rock; aluminum tablet stamped "1750 FT. COVINGTON 1901" 1,750.339

Saranac Quadrangle. Lak-: Placid, Along Railroad To Saranac Lake.

Lake Placid, 2.8 miles west of, north end of west abutment of stone culvert; top of bridge seat, chiseled square ." 1, 631. 88

Lake Placid, 4.5 miles west of, north end of east abutment of stone culvert; top of parapet wall, chiseled square 1, 670. 97

Ames Mills, at road crossing; top of rail 1, 569

Saranac Lake, Baptist Church, opposite Franklm Hotel, in north face of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "1549 FT. COVINGTON 1901" 1,548.97

Primary Leveling. 31

SARANAC LAKE, NORTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD vIlL LAKE CLEAR, TO SARANAC JUNCTION.

Feet.

Saranac Lake, in front of New York Central Railroad station; top of rail 1, 574.

Lake Clear (Saranac Junction) , in front of station; top of rail 1, 632. 7

Lake Clear (Saranac Junction) , 800 feet south of station, railroad water tank, on top of southeast foundation stone nearest track; chiseled square 1, 630. 26

SARANAC LAKE, SOUTHWEST ALONG STATE ROAD VIA AMPERSAND HOTEL, TO CLEAR- ING (SINGLE SPUR LINE).

Saranac Lake, 6.4 miles southwest of, on north edge of clearing, on face of large rock; aluminum tablet stamped "1678 FT. COVINGTON 1901" 1,678.218

LAKE CLEAR JUNCTION, NORTHEAST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AN© HUD- SON RIVER RAILROAD VIA PAUL SMITH STATION, TO ONCHIOTA.

Lake Clear Junction, west side of railroad, southeast corner of foundation stone of water

tower; aluminum tablet stamped ' 1630 FT. COVINGTON ' ' 1, 630. 474

aul Smith station, road crossing at station; top of rail 1 , 701. 2

Paul Smith station, 665 feet west of track, 225 feet north of road to post-oflBce, in bowlder;

bronze tablet stamped ' 1704 FT. COVINGTON " 1, 703.-800

Rainbow Lake, road crossing at station; top of rail 1, 708. 6

Onchiota, 200 feet south of station, east side of track, in big bowlder; aluminum tablet

stamped "1710 FT. COVINGTON" : 1,710.514

PAUL SMITH STATION, EAST ALONG PUBLIC ROADS TO BLOOMINGDALE, THENCE NORTH VIA VERMONTVILLE TO ONCHIOTA.

Bloomingdale station, road crossing; top of rail 1, 555. 8

Bloomingdale station, iron bridge, 70 feet east of north side of road, in large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped "1530 IT. COVINGTON " 1, 529. 666

Vermontville, 5.6 miles north of, road crossing, in large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped "1776 FT. COVINGTON" 1,776.288

St. Regis Quadrangle.

SARANAC JUNCTION, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD, TO TUPPER LAKE JUNCTION.

Saranac Inn , in front of station; top of rail 1, 622. 3

Saranac Inn, 1.7 miles west of, 200 feet south of milepost (Herkimer 1 46) , in middle of rock cut;

aluminum tablet stamped "1632 FT. COVINGTON 1901" 1,63L920

Floodwood, at road crossing; top of rail 1, 594.

PAUL SMITH STATION, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROADS VIA PAUL SMITH POST-OFFICE TO BRANDON.

Paul Smith post-office (Corning Point) , 900 feet south of store, in bowlder; aluminum tablet

stamped 1632 FT. COVINGTON " 1, 631. 943

Paul Smith post-office, 2.8 miles west of, at powerhouse; northeast corner of concrete dam.. 1, 620. 77 Brandon, in front of station; top of rail 1.603.3

At Wawbeek.

"S-week, 100 feet west of road comers, at south side of road, in bowlder; aluminum tablet Stamped '1650 A" 1,650.771

Essex, Hamilton, And Warren Counties.

Mountain, Indian Lake, Newcomb, Schkoon Lake, And Thirteenth Lake

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling previously "Iwrted upon in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Annual ports. The nearest precise-level elevation is at North Creek.

The levehng on most of Indian Lake and Thirteenth Lake quadrangles was done in 1896 the direction of Mr W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman: the mainder on these and on the other quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of W. M. Besm topographer, by Mr. A. F. Krause, levelman, except on line to establish

32 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

bench mark southwest of Grove, which was done in 1899 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, leveliiian. The standard bench marks, except one south of Grove House, were set in 1896, and are stamped with figures mostly 4 feet too great, the original starting elevation having been that much in error.

Indian Lake Quadrangle.

Feet. Wakely dam, 25 feet east of north of log house; in bowlder copper bolt stamped 2124 " 2, 119. 764

Specuuitor. North Via Jessvps River And Lewey Lake. To Indian Lake.

Speculator, small triangular park at crossroads, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S.

1772 Ft. B. M." 1,768.369

Camp Perkins, 0.3 mile east of, 50 feet west of Jessups River Bridge, on north bank of river, in

outcrop 5 feet above center of bridge; copper bolt stamped S. G. S. 1689 Ft" 1,685.012

Lewey Lake, 100 feet from south shore of, 300 feet north of Lewey Lake House in bowlder 8

feet broad; copper bolt stamped "V. S. G. S. 1659 Ft. B. M." 1,654.964

Sabael, 3 miles southwest of, 900 feet southwest of Beaver Brook Bridge, outcrop 3 feet above

and 20 feet north of road; copper bolt stamped "1799 Ft. U. S. G. S. B. M." 1,795.112

Kings Flow Dam, Southwest Via Camp Comfort, To Speculator.

Camp Comfort (Ross Kunjamuk House), 2,000 feet south of, 8 feet east of road, In bowlder 6 by 4 by 2 feet; copper bolt stamped "1774 Ft." 1,770.375

Speculator, 3 miles northeast of, at Rylander Clearing, west of Elm Lake, 300 feet south of house foundation, 1,000 feet north of top of hill. In flat outcrop 6 feet west of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1952 Ft." 1,947.992

Thirteenth Lak2 Quadrangle. North Creek, Northwest To North River.

North River, 40 feet west of northwest corner of TMrteenth Creek Bridge, 30 feet east of comer of house; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. 1076" 1,072.257

North River, 300 feet west of br 'ge at; top of copper bolt of Adirondack Survey trlangulation station No. 118, 1882 (safe to mark Warren- Essex County line) 1,080.929

North Creek, Southwest Via Sodom And Bakers Mills, To Mountain House.

Bakers Mill Pond, under southwest comer of bridge over North Creek; southwest edge of casting 1,016.86

Bakers Mills, 50 feet north of blacksmith shop and 25 feet west of road. In bowlder 6 feet broad and 2 feet above ground; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1585 Ft." 1,581.042

Griffin To Mountain House.

Oregon, 2.5 miles southwest of, 300 feet northeast of Stuarts Creek and east of Sacandaga River, point 5 feet west of road on outcrop; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S. 1377 Ft. B. M." 1,373. 140

Oregon, 1,000 feet northeast of the North House (McKlosky's) and 150 feet north of curve to right in road, bowlder 5 by 10 feet to right of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1435Ft." 1,431.005

MOUNTAIN HOUSE, NORTHWEST VIA THIRTEENTH LAKE AND KINGS FLOW DAM, TO INDIAN LAKE.

Big Shanty dam, 200 feet southeast from east end of, in bowlder 3 feet high and 8 feet broad;

copper bolt stamped "U. S. G, S. 1666 Ft. B. M.".: 1,(

Thirteenth Lake House, 75 feet in front of, in low flat outcrop; copper bolt stamped " U. S.

G. S. 1874 Ft. B. M." 1,869.761

Kings Flow dam, TjOO feet northwest of bridge at, 10 feet to right of and 1 foot above road;

copper bolt stamp. "U. S. G. S. 1724 Ft. B. M." 1,720.016

SCIIROON LAKE QUADRANGLE. NORTH CREEK, NORTH VIA MINERVA, TO AIDEN LAIR.

Minerva, in north end of picket fence southeast of Kellogg House, in large bowlder 15 feet to right and IJ) feet above road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. 1393 Ft. B. M." 1,389.009

Minerva, 1 .75 miles north of, 80 feet east of Kellogg House at junction of road to North Woods Club, south of schoolhouse, 26 feet to right of and 7.3 feet above center of road, in outcrop; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. 8. 1742 Ft. B. M." , 1,737.854

Primary Leveling. 88

Newcomb Quadrangle.

Feet. Aiden Lair lodge, 50 feet southeast of, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. 165©

Ft. B. M." I,65.0a2

North River, Northwest Via Summit, To Indian Lake.

Indian Lake, 4 miles east of, southeast of Spring's white house, in front of log house 10 feet to left of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1834 Ft." l,(S90.im

Aiden Lair, North To Tahawus, Thence West To Newcomb.

Tahawus, 2 miles south of, 0.6 mile northwest of Daniel Havron's house, in large bowlder

12 feet to left of road; copper bolt stamped S. G. 8. 1737 Ft. B. M." 1,732.862

Hudson River Bridge, on top of coping at downstream end of west abutment; chiseled mark. 1, 563. 41 Newcomb Methodist Church, 85 feet northeast of door, 16 feet to left and 1.3 feet above center of road; copper bolt stamped U. S. G. S. 1640 Ft. B.M." 1,637.051

Newcomb, West To Hamilton-Essex County Line.

Rich Lake, south side of, 460 feet back from Abner Beldin's house, on large bowlder, 14 feet to right of and 3.8 feet above center of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. 1603 Ft. B. M." ..: 1,509.473

INDIAN RIVER, NORTHEAST DOWN SAME, FROM BRIDGE EAST OF INDIAN LAKE VIL- LAGE, TO MOUTH.

Indian River Bridge, west abutment, near front angle of copVng on upstream end; chiseled square 1, 507. 78

Hudson River, southwest bank, junction with north bank of Indian River; circular chisel mark and letter S " on large bowlder 1, 42i. 32

MOUTH OF INDIAN RIVER, NORTHEAST VIA NORTH WOODS CLUB AND MOOSE POND CLUB, TO AIDEN LAIR.

Hudson River, jimction of southwest bank with northwest bank of Indian River, in recess

at upper southwest comer of bowlder; copper bolt stfimped S. G. S. 1428 Ft.B. M." 1,423.897

Korth Woods Club House, bowlder 200 feet northeast of; copper bolt stamped S. G. S.

1769Ft. B. M." 1,764.825

oose Pond Club House, 100 feet northwest of; in large bowlder near shore; copper bolt

stamped"U. S. G. S. 2095Ft.B. M." 2,091.399

Mouth Of Indian River, Northwest To Chain Lakes.

Cedar River, south bank of, 2 miles west of Hudson River, 20 feet southwest of ferry on road

to Chain Lakes, in outcrop; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. 1549 Ft. B. M." 1,544.603

Chain Lakes, 50 feet south of third lake, 12 feet above water surface in outcrop, 1,100 feet

northwest of hotel; copper bolt stamped **1615" 1,610.793

Blue Mountain Quadrangle.

Indian Lake Village, 0.7 mile south of, west end of smooth sloping outcrop 75 feet in length, 10 feet from road, 20 feet east of elm tree 8 inches in diameter; copper bolt stamped U. S. G. S. 1793 Ft. B. M." 1,788.807

Cedar River House. Southwest To Wakely Dam.

Wakely dam, 4.8 miles north of, 0.7 mile southwest of Browns House, 20 feet north of bridge over small stream flowing east into Cedar River, 15 feet to right of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1,918" 1,913.585

Cedar River House, Northwest To Blue Mountain Lake.

Forest House, 25 feet of north of west of northwest comer of barroom, in outcrop ; copper bolt stamped"*U. S. G. 8. 1941 Ft. B. M." 1,937.247

Blue Mountain Lake, 3 miles southeast of, bridge over Rock River, on downstream end of easterly abutment; chiseled square 1, 774. 66

Blub Mountain Lake, North To Long Lake.

Blue ICountain Lake, foundation of schoolhouse, in second stone from southwest comer of second course from top; bronze tablet stamped " 1810 " 1, 805. 700

Long Lake, 5.5 miles south of, east side of South Pond, 12 feet to left and 2.5 feet above center of road, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. 1855 Ft. B. M." 1,851.176

Bull. 281—06 8

34 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet. Long Lake, 260 feet west of Sabattis'e two-story frame houae, in west end of outcrop, 130

feet to left of center of road; copper bolt stamped S. G. S. 1663 Ft. B. M." 1,658.685

Long Lake, front line of Lake House, 35 feet south of house, on bowlder; chiseled mark Col-

vinsB. M. 71 A") 1,636.64

Long Lake, 2.75 miles southwest from Grove House; 130 feet east of-fork in State road to

Forked Lake, 50 feet south of road, north face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped

"1726 Albany" 1,726.514

Long Lake, East To Essex-Hamilton County Line.

Long Lake, 4 miles east of, 35 feet west of 4-mile post, in outcrop 14 feet to right and 2.5 feet above center of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. 1863 Ft. B. M." 1,858.465

Essex-Hamilton County line, 0.87 mile west of, south side of Fishing Brook, in bowlder 12 feet to left of and 3.5 feet above center of road; copper plug stamped U. S. G. S. 1698 Ft. B. M." -- 1,694.227

Hamilton, Herkimer, And Oneida Counties

LITTLE FALLS, McKEEYEK, OLD FOBCIE, BEM8EN, VTICA, WEST CANADA LAKES, AND WILHUBT QUADRANGLES.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the. Appendixes to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Annual Reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, with a few additions.

The leveling was done as follows: On Utica quadrangle, under Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, in 1896, by Mr. A. B. Pomme. On Little Falls quadrangle, under Mr, C. C. Bassett, topographer, in 1898, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, in 1898, by Messrs. E. L. Faison and M. S. McDiarmid, levelmen; and under Mr. Jennings, in J896, by Mr. A. B. Pomme. On Remsen quadrangle, under Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, in 1897, by Mr. E. L. McNair, levelman; under Mr. Jennings, in 1897, by Mr. Brown and also under Mr. Bassett by Mr. L. T. Haney, levelman. On Wilmurt quadrangle, under Mr. Lovell, in 1897, by Mr. McNair; and under Mr. Walker, in 1898, by Mr. McDiarmid. On McKeever and Old Forge quadrangles under Mr. Jennings, in 1897, by Mr. Brown, and under Mr. Walker, in 1898, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman. On West Canada Lakes quadrangle, under Mr. Walker, in 1898, by Messrs. Semper and McDiarmid. The standard bench marks are stamped variously "R," "A," and "ALBANY," and also without datum letters, and with figures of elevation mostly correct except those set in 1896, which are usually 2 feet too great.

Utica Quadrangle.

Utica, rear of post-office building, west of east basement door; bronze tablet stamped 419 " . 417. 207

Utica, Turner street, Herkimer-Oneida County line, on fence line between the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad and trolley tracks; bronze meridian tablet 466.329

Utica, Albany street, Starch Factory Creek, stone-arch bridge, north abutment, west wing; northeast comer of top step 522. 90

Utica, the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg railroads; northwest comer of foundation of northwest pier (New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bench mark) 408. 79

Stewarts Corners, Via Moyer Creek, To Frankfort.

Rushmer road, first bam east of Stewarts Corners, between third and fourth telegraph poles Nos. 9588 and 9587 east of bam, on bowlder half in road and half in field ; copper bolt stamped -U. S. G. S. 1380 feet B. M." 1,378.477

Lock No. 45, canal engineer bench-mark No. 204, at coping at end of northeast gate; towpath lock, stamped 427.326

Sauquoit, East Along Highway, To Norwich Corners.

Norwich Corners, south face near east end of residence of H. A. Smith, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "1318 ADJ 1903" 1,318.155

Utica, North Via Trenton Plank Road, To South Trenton.

Deerffeld, J. A. AuerVs hrick building, middle door; norlYv corner ol s\,ow& 427.68

Salom Welsh Church, Trenton plank road, 600 ieet west Irom roa., ow tone at southeast corner; chisel mark

Pbimary Leveling. 85

Feet. Ninemile Creek Bridge, Trenton plank road, on west bridge seat, north abutment; chiseled

square 766.82

South Trenton, north side of road opposite west gate of cemetery, on bowlder; copper bolt

stamped S. G. S. B. M. 806 Ft." 803.938

SOUTH TRENTON, EAST VIA NORTH GAGE, TO POLAND, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO NEWPORT.

North Gage Church, on southeast corner of stone step; chiseled square 986. 00

Poland, Main street, center of stone arch over Cold Brook, on west coping; chiseled square. . 720.38 Poland, first iron bridge over Cold Brook northeast of village, in foundation stone, east

abutment, north wing; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 800 Ft." 798.841

Poland, 0.5 mile south of, north wing of iron highway bridge over West Canada Creek, on

east abutment bridge seat; chiseled square 690. 86

Newport, stone bridge over West Canada Creek, in north coping over center pier, 6 inches south of square chisel mark and flush with coping; copper bolt stamped S. G. S. 658

Ft. B. M." 656.450

I lion, Steel Creek Aqueduct, Erie Canal, in center of third coping stone from west end, parapet wall, towpath side; copper bolt stamped U. S. G. S. B. M. 410 Ft." (0.027 foot higher than State engineer's B. M. No. 197) 408. 674

FRANKFORT, TO POINT 5.6 MILES NORTH OF FRANKFORT, IN TOWN OF SCHUYLER.

West Shore Railroad crossing: top of south rail 400. 4

Frankfort station, Mohawk River Bridge, near north abutment, east wing, on bridge seat;

chiseled square 398. 57

Brankfort, near station. New York Central Railroad crossing; top of south rail 400. 00

!B'rankfort, 5.6 miles north of, at southwest comer of road crossing; iron post stamped

U.S. G. S. B. M. 580 Ft." 577.793

LITTLE FALLS QUADRANGLE. LITTLE FALLS, EAST TO INGHAMS MILLS, THENCE NORTH TO SALISBURY CENTER.

Iittle Falls, engineer's bench mark at Lock No. 36, Erie Canal 343. 487

Little Falls, southeast corner of Ann and Albany streets, northwest comer of brick building with stone foundation; aluminum tablet stamped 397 " 307. 118

Xittle Falls, 2 miles east of, Erie Canal Lock No. 37, northeast comer; top of coping stone,

chiseled cross 353. 535

m anaheim, in front of station; top of south rail 604. 5

Unghams Mills, 27 feet east of Little Falls and Dolgeville Railroad track, 120 feet nonth of

road crossing, on rock in place 6 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped A". 726.870

Sausbury Center, West Via Fairfield, To Middleville.

Salisbury Center, brickwork in rear of Universalist Church; aluminum tablet stamped 1065

A" 1,064.372

Salisbury Corners, church near northeast comer of crossroads, stone entrance, lower step,

south end of face comer; chiseled square 1, 214. 22

Fairfield, Military Academy laboratory building, front of south end, in stonework 3 feet

above ground; aluminum tablet stamped 1278 A " 1,277. 867

Fairfield, Military Academy laboratory building, front of south end, projection on comer

stone 1 foot above ground; old bench mark marked " 1276.829 above tide at Troy " 1, 276. 240

MIDDLEVILLE, NORTH TO NORWAY, THENCE EAST AND SOUTH TO SALISBURY CENTER.

Middleville, 3.5 miles north of, 200 feet north of road to east by stone schoolhouse, east end of

stone culvert; chiseled square 777.00

Norway, northwest comer of crossroads-opposite hotel, west end of stone foundation of build-

mg, 1 foot from face comer; aluminum tablet stamped " 1320 A " 1, 319. 830

Salisbury Center, 5.5 miles north of, 80 feet north of Jerseyfield Lake road, in outcrop 1 foot

from southeast comer of Willis Nichols's barn; aluminum tablet stamped 1618 A " 1, 618. 535

Salisbury, 2.3 miles north of, at Curtis schoolhouse, east and west road crossing; stone step

marked with circle 1, 426. 08

NEWPORT, ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD SOUTH- EAST, TO MIDDLEVILLE, THENCE SOUTH TO HERKIMER.

White Creek, iron bridge, on south abutment of bridge seat, east wing; chiseled square 632. 77

City Brook, on south end ol east parapet wall of stone arch, on coping stone; chisel mark. . 609.03 Canyon Brook, stone arch over, south end of cast parapet wall, on coping stone; chiseled

square 591.26

36 Spibit Leveling In New Yobk, 1896 To 1905.

Feet. Middleville, West Canada Creek; north coping of west abutment of iron highway bridge,

marked ''0" 572.35

Middleville, West Canada Creek, in coping of iron bridge, west abutment, north wing; copper

bolt stamped ''U.S.G.S.B.M. 572" 570.861

Herkimer County in north comer of bottom of flagstone, front entrance; chiseled

square 501 . 21

Countryman station, Atlantic and St. Lawrence (Grand Trunk) Railroad, Bridge No. 10,

north abutment, west wing wall, close to angle, on coping stone; chiseled square 492. 31

West Canada Creek, Dempsters Bridge, 0.5 mile north of Kasts Bridge, north abutment, west

wing; bridge seat marked "0.B.M." 473.80

West Canada Creek, Kast Bridge (railroad station), west abutment, north wing; bridge

seat stamped " 0. B. M." 457. 51

Herkimer waterworks, north door of pump house; northwest comer of doorstep, stamped

"0.B.M.5" ; 402.03

Herkimer, county clerk's office on Court street, left of main entrance, in stone water table;

aluminum tablet stamped "407 A" 406.975

REM8EN QUADRANGLE. SOUTH TRENTON, VIA PROSPECT, HINCKLEY, AND NORTHWOOD, TO NEAR WILMURT.

Trenton, Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad station, south door of waiting room, 0.42 foot west of door jamb; water table 840.65

Prospect station, Rome, Watertown and Ogdensbui*g Railroad crossing over highway Just north of, on lower step of south abutment, east side; chiseled square 984. 93

Prospect post-office, 0.22 mile north of, in field opposite creamery and east of road, in bowlder 3 by 7 by 12 feet; copper bolt stamped " 1142 R " 1, 141. 105

Hinckley, 0.25 mile west of Empire Hotel, stone culvert north side of road, on east end wall; chiseled square. 1, 181. 05

Hinckley, 2.3 miles northeast of, and about 1.1 miles west of Oneida-Herkimer County line, in Remsen Township, 55 feet from road center, in pasture, west side of road, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped " 1262 R " 1,261.647

North wood, on stone abutment at northwest comer of iron bridge over stream at sawmill; chiseled square 1, 207. 49

North wood, 2.8 miles east of, 3,450 feet west of abandoned house south of road, 7 feet north of center of road, on large bowlder; copper bolt stamped "1258 R" 1,257.696

Ohio, South To Poland.

Ohio, 2.6 miles southwest of, on stone foundation at northeast comer of iron bridge over Black Creek; chiseled square 1, 236. 15

Cold Brook, 3.4 miles north of, 3.6 miles south of Ohio, 480 feet south of road from southwest and 1 mile south of crossing of Black Creek, in Prussian Township, on west side of road, 3 feet from wire fence; copper bolt stamped " 1265 R " 1, 264. 710

PROSPECT, NORTH AJ.ONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAIL- ROAD, TO FORESTPORT.

Prospect, 1,000 feet northeast of station, on Hinckley Branch Railway, on parapet north side

of culvert, on northwest comer of coping; chisel mark " O B. M.55 " 1, 146.83

Remsen, north er. ' of retaining wall between lower milldam and Rome, Watertown and

Ogdensburg Railroad, in end of coping near face comer; bronze tablet stamped 1172". . . 1, 171.464 Honnedaga station, 0.25 mile north of, 40 feet west of track, opposite cattle guard, in bowlder

6by 15 feet; copper bolt stamped "U.S. G.S. 1209 R" ,. 1,208.354

Forestport station, 2 miles south of, north end of Black River (reservoir) Bridge, on west

end of coping of parapet; chiseled square 1, 178.95

Forestport, 0.3 mile north of station, at Meekville, north end of railroad bridge over Little

WoodhuU Creek, west end of parapet coping; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S. R 1199 Ft.

B.M." 1,199.054

Forestport, Along Road East To Enos, Thence Northeast To Atwbll.

Enos, 0.7 mile southeast of, Oneida-Herkimer County line, at forks of roads to northeast and to Maple Lake; top of stone , 1,387.80

Maple Lake, outlet of, 1.0 mile southeast of Enos, west abutment of bridge; copper bolt

stamped " 1318 U " 1,317.970

Beads Mill, east side of south abutment of bridge over Black River; copper bolt stamped

''159Sr" 997.267

Pbimaby Leveling. 37

Wilbojbt Quadrangle. Hubbabd Hotel, South To Ohio.'

Feet. Wilmurt, 3 miles west of, 0.18 mile east of Ilubbard Hotel, 60 feet south of road, 25 feet east

of fence, in meadow: chiseled point on painted bowlder marked E " (State bench mark) . 1, 276. 32 Ohio, 750 feet west of comer near church, 1,200 feet east of schoolhouse and 80 feet north of

road, in field belonging to O. Johnson; copper bolt stamped 1374 R " 1, 373. 809

Fbom Near Wiucubt, Nobtheast Via Noblebobo, To Honnedaqa Lake.

Wilmort, 0.7 mile west of, 165 feet east of Henry Paull's Hotel, in pasture, 70 feet south of center of road; bronze tablet stamped " 1402 Ft. R " 1, 401. 249

Nobleboro, 225 feet east of hotel, 4 feet from fence on north side of road, on small bo wider r chiseled square 1, 418. 71

Nobleboro, 2.4 miles north of, 225 feet west of Haskell Hotel, 8 feet south of center of road, on lai:ge bowlder; chisded point (State bench mark No. 9) 1,574.23

Sausbuby Centeb, Nobth Alonq Boad, To Mobehouseyille.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Jerseyfield Lake, 200 feet west of outlet, 100 feet south of lake, in yard of Mrs. Williams's tenant house, on laige bowlder; tablet stamped " 1941 A" 1,941.916

Noblebobo To Mobehouseyille.

MorehouscYille, 040 feet east of road south from post-office, 425 feet east of schoolhouse, 15 feet south of center of road to Piseco Lake, in flat ledge; copper bolt stamped " 1909 Ft.B.M.". 1.910.160

m'keeper quadrangle.

robestpobt. nobth to white lake.

White Lake station, 2 miles south of, near Nicholl's mills, on face of coping, at northwest comer of Bear Creek railroad bridge ; chiseled square 1,370.08

WHITE LAKE, NOBTHEAST ALONG THE NEW YbBK CENTBAL AND HUDSON BIYEB BAIL- BO AD YIA M'KEEYEB, TO FULTON CHAIN.

White Lake station, 50 feet west of railroad, 10 feet north of wagon road, in bowlder 5 feet broad; copper bolt stamped "1421 A" 1,420.664

White Lake station, 2.5 miles north of, 100 feet north of White Lake Granite Company's switch, west of track at foot of embankment; iron staple in bowlder 20 feet broad 1, 456. 819

McKecYer, 600 feet south of station, west of track, in rock in cut ; copper bolt stamped "U.S.Q. 8. 1544 Ft.B.M." 1,543.828

McKeeYer, 2 miles north of, iron railway bridge No. 6 (20-foot span), northwest wing, near face comer end of coping; chiseled square 1,559.12

McKeeYer, 3.5 miles north of at railroad bridge No. 37 (90-foot span) over Moose River, 1 foot from girder, north abutment, west end on face angle ; chiseled square 1, 641. 34

Minnaha station. Moose River Bridge, north end, east end of parapet, on face comer; chiseled square 1, 681.39

Fulton Chain station, 3 miles southwest of, 500 feet north of house, south end of culvert, on north end of parapet; chiseled square 1, 714.28

White Lake, East To Nobth Lake (Atwell Post-Office).

North Lake (Atwell), 6.3 miles northwest of, at junction of road to Woodhull Lake; aluminum tablet in top of rock stamped " 1947 A". 1, 947. 329

Woodhull, in front of State House, in line with back edge of dam; copper bolt 1,883.072

Old Forge Quadrangle.

FULTON CHAIN, NOBTHEAST ALONG BOAD YIA OLD FOBGB AND NOBTH SIDE OF FULTON CHAIN LAKES, TO EAGLE BAY.

Fulton Chain, 5 feet north of Wakeley's Hotel, 8 feet east of railroad track, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped " R 1712 " 1,711.854

Old Foige, 0.25 mile west of railroad station, at picnic ground, in bowlder 7 by 12 by 15 feet, north of railroad track; bronze tablet stamped "R 1733" 1,732.515

Third Lake, Fulton Chain, at Bald Mountain House) 40 feet east of dock, 8 feet from north shore of lake; iron post stamped "R 1712" 1,712.164

38 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Sixth Lake, Southeast To Fawn Lake.

Feet. Sixth Lake, Fulton Chain, 125 feet east of north end of dam, in bowlder 4 by 10 feet, 4 feet

from edge of dock; bronze tablet stamped " R 1788 " 1, 787.422

Sixth Lake dam, 1.6 mile south of, summit of Seventh Lake Mountain, in bowlder 5 feet

broad, 8 feet west of road; chiseled square 2, 134.07

Fawn Lake, 1.5 miles southeast of, on road from Sixth Lake to Kenwells, 900 feet south of

summit, 25 feet north of small brook, in bowlder 12 feet square and 8 feet high, 10 feet east

of road at south end of level stretch of road ; bronze tablet stamped R 2263 " 2, 262.079

WOODHULL, NORTHEAST VIA TRAIL TO NEAR PROCTORS CAMP, SOUTH BRANCH MOOSE RIVER (SINOLE-8PUR UNE).

Bisby lodge, on west shore of Bisby First Lake, about 400 ffeet north from lodge, 10 feet from bank, in shallow water, in 5 by 10-foot bowlder; bronze tablet stamped "2035 R" 2,034.375

Deadmans Gulch, east of mouth, 20 feet north of Canachagala Stillwater of South Branch Moose River, near site of old dam, 14 feet above water, in laie bowlder; copper bolt stamped" 1760 R" 1,768.761

North Lake East To Honnedaga Lake.

North Lake (Atwell post-office), 100 feet oast of State House, in rock; aluminum tablet

stamped" 1829 R" 1,828.245

Honnedaga Lake, 400 feet west of, on north side of road to North Lake, in laie rock; bronze

tablet stamped " 2221 A" : 2, 221. 110

Honnedaga Lake, Herkimer Landing, 325 feet from lake, 35 feet southwesterly from eoimer

of barn, in very laie bowlder; copper bolt stamped " 2223 Ft. R " 2, 222. 668

Honnedaga Forest Lodge, in south face of large bowlder 50 feet north of office building;

aluminum tablet stamped " 2205 A" 2, 205.015

HONNEDAGA, NORTHEAST VIA THIRD STILLWATER, WEST CANADA LAKES, AND CEDAR LAKES, TO LITTLE MOOSE LAKES.

Honnedaga, 1.3 miles east of, at Herkimer-Hamilton County line, north side of trail, in large bowlder (transit station No. 21 of county-line survey) ; bolt 2, 149. 390

West Canada Lakes Quadrangle.

Honnedaga, 7.8 miles east of, 250 feet east of ford of West Canada Creek, near head of Second Stillwater, in bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 2168 A" 2, 168.067

Mud Lake dam, 125 feet north of sluice of, 100 feet north of Indian hut, in laie white bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 2356 A" 2, 355. 722

Buck, 400 feet east of Cedar Lake, on trail to Speculator, northwest comer of camp; copper bolt stamped "U.S.G.S.B.M. 2472 Ft. A" 2,472.429

Little Moose Lake, West To Fawn Lake.

Little Moose Lake, 200 feet from, in rear of log house, in large rock; copper bolt stamped

"2143 A" 2,144.184

Little Moose Lake, 4.5 miles west of, on road to Kenwells, 0.3 mile west of Silver Run, at summit of hill, in large rock 5 feet south of road; aluminum tablet stamped " 2049 A" 2,049.583

, Kenwells, 3,150 feet northeast of, north side of road to Fourth Lake and Wakely dam, in large

rock; aluminum tablet stamped "1854 A" 1,855.475

Third Stillwater, West Canada Creek Southeast To Spruce Lake.

Spruce Lake, east side of, at Clark's camp, in large bowlder; copper bolt stamped "2382 A". 2,382.139

Hamilton, Saratoga, And Warren Counties.

Lake Pleasant And Stony Cbeek Quadranoles.

Tha elevations in the following list are based upon the heights of adjoining bench marks as published in this bulletin in accordance with the 1903 adjustment. The leveling on Stony Creek quadrangle was done partly in 1896 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman ; and partly in 1904 under the direction of Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, by Mr. L. E. Tucker, levelman. The leveling on Lake Pleasant quadrangle was begun in 1896 under Mr. Lovell by Mr. Brown, extended in 1898 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman, and completed in 1904 by Mr. Tucker, levelman, under Mr. Smith. Standard bench marks latest established are

Primary Leveling. 89

stamped with the legend "ALBANY 1903 ADJ" and that set in 1898 at Lake Pleasant is stamped "A" all in addition to the figures of elevation, but those set in 1896 are without letters and, having been derived originally from erroneous North Creek datum, are stamped with figures mostly 4 feet too great.

LAKE PLEASANT QUADRANGLE. PISECO, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO SPECULATOR.

Lake Pleasant, north side of stone jail, 6 inches east of northeast comer, 3.5 feet above ground ; Feet, aluminum tablet stamped 1791 A " 1, 790. 643

Northville, Northwest Along Highway, To Speculator.

Hope schoolhouse, District No. 4, 75 feet west of, bowlder 15 feet north of road; copper bolt stamped "U.S. G. S. B. M. 832 Ft." 828. 311

Wells, Hosley House, in back yard of hotel, on rock 15 feet broad and 5 feet high; bronze tablet stamped " 1026" 1,022. 170

Well8,eastendof abutment of covered bridge; chiseled circle and "B.M.B.X." 988.62

Wells, 0.3 mile north of, patent line monument in yard of white house opposite road to east, in ground 15 feet southeast of house; stone marked " A " (triangle is 6 inches on each side) . . 1, 018. 00

Wells, 2.5 miles northwest of, angle of road to Hamilton Lake, 40 feet from each road, west of junction, bowlder 6 feet high and 15 feet broad; chiseled circle stamped **B.M. S." 1,593.24

Charley Lake, 25 feet southwest of schoolhouse opposite, in bowlder 8 feet broad; copper bolt stamped U. S. G. S. B. M. 1719 " 1, 714. 685

Oilman Lake, white house opposite center of, 10 feet east of road at trail to GriflBn; stone 100 feet south of building marked with chiseled circle above legend B. M. C. K." (located 15 feet north of a stone marked in a similar manner with legend " B. M. C. J.") i, 730. 28

BENSON CENTER, NORTHWEST ALONG ROAD, TO POINT 1.5 MILES SOUTH OF SILVER LAKE, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO ARIETTA.

Silver Lake, 1.5 mile south of, on west bank of South Branch of Sacandaga Creek (Fly Stream) where crossed by Benson Center road, 10 feet north of Silver Lake trail, in large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped " 1865 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,866.009

Stony Creek Quadrangle.

BATCHELLERVILLE, NORTH ALONG ROAD VIA MUD LAKE, TO WEST STONY CREEK, THENCE NORTHEAST TO KNOWELHURST.

West Stony Creek, 4.2 miles south of, at outlet of Mud Lake, 135 feet west of log camp, on northsideof road, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped "1689 ALBANY ADJ 1903" 1,689.369

West Stony Creek, 60 feet southeast from large stone chimney on south end of hotel, 20 feet southwest of southwest comer of icehouse, in rock; bronze tablet stamped "1552 AL- BANY 1903 ADJ" 1,552.773

Knowelhurst, southeast comer of foundation of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped " 1583 ALBANY " 1,584. 375

West Stony Greek, West Via Wilcox Lake To Wells-Hope Road.

West Stony Creek, 3.7 miles west of, 20 feet east of south end of Bakertown flow dam, north side of road, in bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1355 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 1, 355.079

Oilman Lake, Northeast Along Highway, To Griffin.

Griffin, 30 feet above milldam, 5 feet north of road, 5 feet south of river; copper bolt in rock, stamped " U. S. G. S. B. M. 1280 Ft." 1,275.948

Franklin, Hamilton, Herkimer, And St. Lawrence

Counties.

BIO MOOSE, KILDABE, LONO LAKE, BAQUETTE LAKE, AND TUPPEB LAKE QUADBANOLES.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, with a few additions. Refer to precise-level list for another elevation on Kildare quadrangle.

The leveling was done as follows: On Big Moose quadrangle, under Mr. A. M. Walker,

40 SPIRIt LEVfitiNG IN NEW YORK, 1896 TO 1905.

topographer, in 1897, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman. On Raquette Lake and Tupper Lfiike quadrangles, under Mr. Walker, in 1899, by Messrs. Gilbert and C. B. Bailey. On Long Lake quadrangle, under Mr. Walker, in 1899, by Messrs. Bailey and GDbert; and under Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, in 1901, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman. On Eildare quardangle, under Mr. Smith, in 1902, by Mr. A. T. Fowler, levelman. The standard bench marks are mostly stamped " AIjBANY" in addition to figures of elevation most of which are 1 foot in error.

Bio Moose Quadranqle. Eagle Bay, Foubth Lake To Sixth Lake Dam.

Feet. Fourth Lake, Fulton Chain, at Hess Inn, 175 feet east of sea wall, on lake front of lawn, 70 feet south of main hotel building, 40 feet north of boathouse and billiard room, on north bank of inlet of Fifth Lake Outlet, 3 feet northeast of sidewalk crossing; iron post stamped 1717" 1,716.417

FULTON CHAIN, NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAIL- ROAD, TO NEHASANE.

Clearwater, 600 feet south of, 36 feet east of tracks, in west face of large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped 1753 ALBANY" 1,75L911

Big Moose, 110 feet east of point of switch at east end of side track, 40 feet south of main track, 25 feet west of west line of Hennessey's Hotel, in northwest face of large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped "2036 ALBANY" 2,034.324

Woods Lake, 0.37 mile south of, 62 rail lengths south of station, 575 feet north of milepost No. 100, 125 feet south of small stream, 20 feet west of track, in' northeast face of large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped ' ' 1881 ALBANY " ' 1, 879. 778

Beaver River, east side of railroad water tank, in east face of foundation stone under south support; aluminum tablet stamped " 1693 ALBANY" 1,091.863

Keepawa station, 38 rails north of, 75 feet north of 90-miIe post, 100 feet west of track, in east face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1722 ALBANY " 1, 720.968

Nehasane, 200 feet south of Mr. Ames's house (Nehasane station), 20 feet west of main track, in east face of ledge of rock; aluminum tablet stamped 1789 ALBANY " 1, 787.630

TUPPER LAKE QUADRANGLE. NEHASANE, NORTHEAST ALONG RAILROAD TO LONG LAKE WEST.

Bog Lake, 1.25 miles north of, 35 rail lengths north of milepost 81 miles from Malone, 35 feet west of track, in east face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1764 ALBANY " . . 1, 762. 673

Long Lake West, 215 feet north of People's Hotel, 30 feet east of track, in west face of outcrop of rock; aluminum tablet stamped 1789 ALBANY " 1, 787. 787

LONG LAKE WEST, NORTHEAST ALONG NEW TORE CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD TO TUPPER LAKE.

Horseshoe station, 50 feet north of, 50 feet west of track, in east face of large bowlder 1 foot above ground; aluminum tablet stamped 1739 A " 1,738. 177

Childwood, 40 rail lengths south of station on left of track, in face of rock cut; aluminum tablet stamped "ALBANY 1713" 1,713.164

Long Lake West, Southeast Via Uttle Tupper Lake, To Long Lake.

Long Lake West, 4 miles east of, opposite 15-mile post, 10 feet from road, in southeast face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1839 ALBANY"

Little Tupper Lake, head of, at Loomis's camp, 150 feet southeast of camp, 25 feet from bam, north face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped ' 1760 ALBANY " 1, 758. 446

Little Tupper Lake, 0.12 mile east of, 115 feet west of 10-mile post, 8 feet north of road, 25 feet west of blacksmith shop at Moynehan's lumber camp, west face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1739 ALBANY" 1,738.170

Kildare Quadrangle.

HORSESHOE, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO MASSAWEPIE LAKE, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO CHILDWOOD STATION.

Lake Massawepie, ert side of, in yard of camp owned by Hotel Childwood, 30 feet west of road, east of two houses, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped 1540 ALBANY " 1,540.209

Primary Leveling. 41

Raqubtte Lake Quadranqle.

BRANDBETH STATION, EAST ALONG ROAD, VIA BRANDBETH AND RAQUETTB LAKES, TO LONG LAKE.

Feet.

Brandreth Lake, Brandreth camps, northwest corner of clearing, 10 feet east of road, 40 feet south of edge of woods, south face of bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1915 ALBANY " 1,913. 224

Brandreth Lake, foot of, 30 feet west of State road, 12 feet south of Brandreth Outlet, In northeast face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped 1884 ALBANY " 1, 882. 656

Raquette Lake, Antlers Hotel, 30 feet west of ice house, in bed rock ; aluminum tablet stamped 1811 ALBANY" 1,809.926

Raquette, Forked Lake Carry, at southwest corner of Carry and State road, 5 feet from road, 15 feet from Carry, in face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped 1796 ALBANY "... 1, 796. 420

Blue Mountain Lake, To Upper Dock Of Marion River Carry.

Marion River Carry, opposite upper dock of, in the east face of ledge of rock on north si(|e of road; aluminum tablet stamped "1793 ALBANY" 1,794.119

Long Lake Quadrangle.

TUPPER LAKE JUNCTION, EAST ALONG ROAD TO WAWBEEK, THENCE SOUTH TO LONG

Lake.

Tupper Lake Junciton, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, Adirondack division, in foundation to water tank; aluminum tablet stamped "1555 ALBANY " 1, 556. 031

Tupper Lake, 3.75 miles east of, north side of road at crossing of Cornell forestry west line on

top large bowlder 6 feet high ; chiseled square 1, 570. 88

Haquette Falls, 150 feet west of Martin Talbot's, In bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " AL- BANY 1574" 1,574.634

Xong Lake, island in lower end of, 120 feet west of Island House owned and occupied by Amos

Robinson, in top of bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped 1638 ALBANY " 1, 638. 211

POINT 4 MILES WEST OF NEWCOMB, NORTH TO LAKE CATUN (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

CSatlin Lake, Caughnawauga Club House, 50 feet east of boat house, large rock at edge of lake;

aluminum tablet stamped 1603 COVINGTON 1901" 1,603.091

TUPPER LAKE SOUTH VIA MOODY TO JENKINS POND (SINGLE-SPUR LINE). a

Tupper Lake, 2.2 miles south of, at Simons Pond, end of iron bridge over Raquette River,

east side; top of large bolt holding bridge plate on caisson pier 1,554.56

Tupper Lake, 10.6 miles south of, foot of Jenkins Pond, Litchfield Park, 50 feet east of farmhouse, at entrance to bam; aluminum tablet stamped** 1748 COVINGTON 1901" 1,767.778

Long Lake, To Point 5 Miles Northwest.

Long Lake, 5 northwest of, 250 feet north of Big Brook, 12 feet east of road, west face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped 1722 ALBANY " 1,720.965

FULTON, HAMILTON, AND MONTGOMERY COUNTIES. FONDA, GL0YEB8YILLE, LA88ELLST1LLE, AND PI8EC0 QUADRANeLE8.

The elevatfoDs in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. These elevations result from a joint adjustment with older work to accord with the 1903 adjustment.

The leveling on the Fonda quardrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. A. F. Krause, levelman; that on the Gloversville quadrangle was done under the direction of Mr. Lovell, partly in 1900 by Mr. William Kelley, levelman, and partly in 1896 by Messrs. Krause and Brown, levelmen; that on the Lassellsville quadrangle was done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. A. C. Roberts, topographev, by Mr. Kelley, and that on the Piseco quadrangle was done partly in 1898 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman,* and in 1902 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman. All standard bench marissa dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters ALBANY " in addition to figures of elevation.

aCredit is due Mr. Wallace G. Johnson, Niagara Falls, N. Y., lor a 10-foot oorieotion made to this line by checked connection to first bench mark.

42 8P1Eit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

iJiSSBLLSVILLB QUADRANGLE.

ST. JOHNSVILLE, NORTH ALONG ROAD VIA OPPENHSIM, TO ElflfONSBURG, THENCE WEST TO SAUSBURY CENTER.

St. Johnsville, southwest corner of Grace Church (Christian), in water table; aluminum tablet stamped "360 ALBANY " 3ei0..523

Oppenheim, southwest comer of brick residence of John P. Swartout, on the western side, in limestone water table; bronze tablet stamped "1110 ALBANY " 1, 109.818

Emmonsburg, North To Oregon.

Stratford (Devereaux), near southwest comer of Grossman's Hotel, on southerly side, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped "1074 ALBANY " 1,074.472

OPPENHEIlf , EAST ALONG ROAD VIA GAROOA, TO JOHNSTOWN.

Lassellsville, southeast comer of D. C. Leek's store, in foundation wall, east face; aluminum tablet stamped "1153 ALBANY" , l,152.9ft

Arietta, South To Caroga Corners.

Arietta, 240 feet north of Alex. Baudin's Hotel, on west side of road, in bed rock; bronze tablet stamped "1696 ALBANY" 1,696.97#

Caroga Corners, South To Garooa.

Rockwood, 0.67 foot from southeast comer of Caleb A.Long's residence, in south face of foundatioriwall; bronze tablet stamped "1045 ALBANY" 1,045.380

Gloversville Quadrangle.

CAROGA CORNERS, NORTHEAST ALONG ROAD VIA BLEECKEB CENTER, BENSON CEN- TER, AND BENSON, TO NORTHVILLE.

(The error distributed in this line is excessive.)

Caroga Comers, in field about 150 feet east of road intersection, in top of large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped " 1527 ALB ANY " 1,527.198

Benson Center Corners, 17 feet westerly from bars in wall, in field on farm of Ludwick Politch, on large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1288 ALBANY" 1,288.862

Benson, 185 feet east of Methodist Church, nearly opposite Benson post-office, north side of road, in top of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1139 ALBANY " 1, 138. 783

PETERS CORNERS, SOUTH ALONG ROAD, TO BLEECKER VILLAGE (SINOLE-SPUR LINE).

Bleecker Village, in front of schoolhousc, District No. 4, on south side of road, in top of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped "1506 ALBANY" 1,50S.840

Johnstown, Northeast Along Railroad, To Hatfield.

Johnstown, station of the Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad, in first stone below

brick work at west comer of building; bronze tablet stamped " 652 " 652. 008

Johnstown, 2.12 miles north of, railroad bridge No. 5, on northeast corner of top stone, east

end of abutment; chiseled square 7.62

Gloversville, station of the Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad, in first stone below

brickwork, 20 feet north of southwest comer of building; bronze tablet stamped 798 " 798. 136

Broadalbin, top of frog in switch at junction f 813. 1

Majrfield, platform at railroad station 743.

Mayfield, 60 feet east of gristmill, 30 feet from creek, 90 feet south of railroad track, in broad

bowlder; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S. B. M. 756 Ft." 752.199

Fonda Quadrangle.

AURIESVILLE, ALONG CANAL AND THENCE ALONG THE FONDA, JOHNSTOWK AND GLOV- ERSVILLE RAILROAD, TO JOHNSTOWN.

Auriesville, § mile west of West Shore Railroad station, northwest end of west wing, bridge over canal, north abutment, in comer stone; chiseled square (State engineer bench mark No. 106) 302.785

Auriesville, bridge over canal 0.5 mile west of West Shore Railroad station, in fourth course of north abutment, 1.5 feet east of cast angle; cross cut in stone -. 302.32

Fultonville,bridge over Mohawk River, on top of coping of south abutment; chiseled square. . 294. 04

Fonda, county court-house, in corner stone of fourth course of stones from of foundation at northwest comer; bronze tablet stamped " 294 " 293.764

Primary Leveling. 48

Feet. Oayadutta Creek, railroad bridge over, in northeast comer of coping stone, southeast end of

north abutment; chiseled square 350. 73

Sammonsville, station of the Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversvllle Railroad, in large stone at

comer of foundation; chiseled square 387. 24

Pi8Eco Quadrangle. Oregon, North Along Road, To Rupiston.

Oregon, near northwest comer of schoolhouse, in large bowlder on east side of road; bronze

tablet stamped "1511 ALBANY " 1.511. 201

Oregon, 4.2 miles north of, 300 feet north of Pawley House, east side of road, in large table rock;

aluminum tablet stamped 1674 ALBANY " . . : 1,674.064

fludiston, 1.7 miles south of, in east end of north abutment of highway bridge over outlet to

Piseco Lake at mill; bronze tablet stamped " 1666 ALBANY " 1, 666. 813

Mill, South Along Road, To Arietta.

-Arietta, 4.7 miles north of, in east side of road at Gus Avery's house, in large rock; bronze

tablet stamped "1703 ALBANY" 1,703.252

MOREHOUSEVILLE, NORTHEAST ALONG ROADS AND TRAIL, TO METCALF LAKE (SINGLE-SPUR UNE).

lletcalf Lake, on bowlder on west side of trail; bronze tablet stamped "2380 ALBANY" .. 2,380.908

Morehouseville, East Along Road, To Piseco.

Morehouseville, 2.7 miles east of, 50 feet west of church, south side of road, on rock; chiseled

circle, with legend "B. M. G. of N. Y. State Land Survey" 1,832.82

Morehouseville, 7.8 miles east of, top of rock south side of road; chiseled circle 1,865. 34

Piseco, Irondequoit Club House basement; aluminum tablet stamped " 1703 A " 1, 702. 803

Piseco, Northwest To Spruce Lake.

Piseco, 5 miles north of, 50 feet north of old road running northeast to old lumber camp, in large bowlder 10 feet east of road; copper bolt stamped 1964 A " 1,964. 198

FULTON, SARATOGA, AND WARREN COUNTIES. BBOADALBIN, OLENS FALLS, LUZERNE, SARATOGA, AND SCHUYLEBYILLE qUADBANOLES.

The elevations published in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. They result from leveling reported in the Twenty-first Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey, and in Bulletin No. 185, readjusted to conform with the " 1903 adjustment." For additional elevations on Saratoga and Luzerne quadrangles see precise-level lists.

The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer; on Glens Falls and Schuylerville quadrangles in 1898 by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman, and on remainder in 1899 by Mr. J. E. Thomas, levelman, except line Mayfield to Northville in 1896 by Mr. Brown. The standard bench marks are stamped with the letters "ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation, except on Schuylerville quadrangle which are stamped A " with figures of elevation in most cases 1 foot too high, and at Cranberry Creek stamped 4 feet too high and without letters.

SCHUYLERVILLE QUADRANGLE. SCHUYLERVILLE, VIA BURGOYNE AND STAFFORD, TO SARATOGA.

Feet.

Schuylerville, in front of station; top of rail 175.

Schuylerville, comer of College and Green streets; school building, under second window

from west comer; bronze tablet stamped 216 A " 215. 149

Victory Mills, in front of station; top of rail 192. 7

Victory Mills, southwest corner of Gates avenue and Pine street, southeast comer of foundation of hotel, on projecting stone; chisel mark 200. 64

Oates in front of station; top of rail 234.

urgoyne, bridge over Saratoga Lalce outlet, north abutment, east face, comer of coping;

chiseled square 210. 75

44 SPIBIT LEVELrO IN NEW YORK, 1896 TO 1905.

Fe€

Burgoyne, road croRsing at station; top of tail 217

Stafford, in front of station; top of rail

Schuyler Junction, 1.5 miles west of, double-span bridge, center pier, southwest comer, coping; chiseled square

SARATOGA, ALONG THE TITCHRURG AND THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROADS NORTHEAST VIA GANSEVOORT, TO FORT EDWARD.

Saratoga, 5.5 miles northeast of, South Wilton Church, south side near front, in foundation: bronze tablet stamped ' 327 A " 32ft. 192

Gansevoort, 3.75 miles south of, railroad bridge over road, outside anchor; bolt in southeast wall plate 308.90

Gansevoort, Empire House, south side, near front, in brickwork; bronze tablet stamped "246 A" ; 245.213

Schutlbrville, To Champlain Canal Bridge No. 56.

Schuylerville, Ferry Street Canal Bridge, towpath abutment, north wing, face comer, second step from bottom; chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench mark No. 42) 105. 90

Schuylerville, 2 miles south of, Canal Bridge No. 56; towpath abutment, north wing, face comer; chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench mark No. 41) 107. 15

SCHUYLERVILLE, EAST TO BALD MOUNTAIN, THENCE SOUTH TO EASTON CORNERS, THENCE WEST TO SARLES FERRY.

Sohayierville, 1.5 miles north of, Canal Bridge No. 63, towpath abutment, south end, lower

step, face comer; chiseled cross In circle (Canal tench mark No. 45) 107. M

Schuylerville, 1.75 miles north of. Lock No. 10; coping, southeast anchor; chiseled cross in

circle (Canal bench mark No. 46) 109.05

Middle Falls, south bank of creek, 75 feet east of covered bridge, southeast comer of brick

gristmill; bronze tablet stamped 303 A" 302.767

North Easton (Easton Comers), 0.1 mile north of, 10-foot arch culvert, southwest wing, Qrst

stone back of arch on level with base; bronze tablet stamped "332 A" 331.719

Sarles Ferry, Northeast Via Quaker Springs, To Stafford8 Bridge.

Sarles Ferry, opposite, on Champlain Canal, waste weir No. 7, north wing, southeast comer of coping; painted cross in circle (Canal bench mark No. 37 and Deep Waterways bench mark) 103.195

Quaker Springs, 600 feet west of crossroads, north side of road, in outcrop; bronze tablet stamped "321 A" 320.234

Schuyler, StafTords Bridge, east end of north abutment, back comer of coping; chiseled square 208.37

Bald Mountain, North Via Durkeetown, To Fort Edward.

Durkeetown Church, south side, 10 feet from rear comer, in stone foundation; bronze tablet stamped "171 A" 169.928

Glens Falls Quadrangle.

Fort Edward, Argyle Street Canal Bridge, north wing, east abutment, second step, face

comer; chiseled cross In circle (Canal bench mark) .-. . . 141.66

Fort Edward, Lock No. 15, southeast anchor; chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench mark 79) . 148. S2 Fort Edward, high school building, front entrance, in stone pilaster at left side; bronze tablet stamped " 145 A " 144. 571

Saratoga Quadrangle.

Ballston Spa, Via Factory Village, To Middlegrove.

Factory village, east abutment of bridge over creek; bench mark at southwest comer 354.48

Rock City Falls, on wall of flume at Pioneer Mills, 50 feet south of track; chisel mark 400.49

Rock City Falls, southeast comer of mill, 40 feet east of stone bridge; aluminum tablet

stamped "445 ALBANY" 445.780

East Galway, East To South Greenfield.

East Galway, in east side of foundation wall of Baptist Church; bronze tablet stamped "889 ALBANY" 889.598

Rock City Falls, 2.5 miles northwest of, near gristmill at Middlegrove; northwest comer of

west abutment to iron bridge over Kayaderosseras Creek 523.56

-Middlegrove, in east end of south abutment of iron bridge over Kayaderosseras Creek; bronze

tablet stamped "523 ALBANY" 523.515

Hadley, South To Corinth (Single-Spur Line).

Corinth in northwest comer of Baptist Church; bronze tablet stamped "626 ALBANY" 826.057

Primary Leveling. 45

BBOADALBIN QUADBANQLE. FACTORY VILLAGE, WEST VIA GALWAY AND BROADALBIN, TO MAYTIELD.

Feet. Galway, in northwest comer of Piiesliyterian Church; aluminum tablet stamped "838

Albany" 838.450

"est Galway, in northwest comer of foundation wall of Presbyterian Church; aluminum

tablet stamped 871 ALBANY " 871. W2

Sroadalbin, in southeast comer of brick Baptist Church; aluminum tablet stamped "820

Albany" 820.567

Mayfield, East Via Northampton To East Galway.

Northampton, on southeast comer of retaining wall at south approach to closed wooden

bridge; State bench mark (Colvin's), chisel marked " B. M. No. 31 " 739. 71

I*7northampton, 2.25 miles south of, on ledge of rock near crest of hill; State bench mark,

chisel marked "72" 1,019.87

Northampton, 2.9 miles south of, at intersection of roads, northwest comer, 50 feet north of

road; old State bench mark 1,035. 00

Sagedoms Mills, south abutment in southeast comer of bridge over creek; bronze tablet

stamped "975 ALB ANY" 974.824

INorth Galway, square stone monument 200 feet north of road locally known as Mechanic

street; stonechisel marked "N. Y. 17 S. S." 1,266.699

Edinburq, South Via Batchellerville To Northampton.

Batchellerville, in southwest comer of Presbyterian Church foundation wall; bronze tablet

stamped "771 ALBANY" 770.450

Northampton, 0.36 miles northeast of, west side of road; chisel mark on bowlder (old State

bench mark) 774.06

Northampton, 3.1 miles northeast of, on east side of road near yellow house; chisel mark on

bowlder (old State bench mark) 799.96

Northampton, in northeast comer of Presbyterian Church; bronze tablet stamped "790

Albany" 789.612

Edinburg, West Along Road, To Northville.

Northville, northeast comer of Methodist Episcopal Church, comer of Main and Washington streets; aluminum tablet stamped "802 ALBANY" 802.292

Mayfield, Northeast Along Railroad, To Northville.

Van Nostrands; road crossing at railroad station 743.0

Cranberry Creek, Main street, 300 feet north of railroad crossing and 100 feet west of track,

in bowlder3feet high; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 768 Ft." 763.790

Northville ; platform of railroad station 765.

Luzerne Quadrangle. Hadley, West To Day, Thence South To Edinburg.

Hadley, northwest comer of G. West's paper mill ; aluminum tablet stamped ' 613 ALB ANY ' ' 613. 917 Hadley, 5.75 miles southwest of, 1,500 feet north of road, east side of lower River road leading

to Conklingville, on bowlder at intersection; old State bench mark, chiseled " B. M. 11 ". . 628.84 Conklingville, west end of south abutment of iron bridge over Sacandaga River; bronze

tablet stamped "726 ALB ANY" 726.049

West Day, East To Efner Lake ( Single-Spur Line).

Day Center, 3 miles southeast of, on Lake road, near house owned and occupied by John S. Kinney, in ledge of rock; bronze tablet stamped "1009 ALBANY" 1,009.500

Hadley, North To Warrensbur'.;, Thence West To Thurman.

Luzerne, on stepping stone in front of Catholic Church; chisel mark 665.03

Luzerne, 4.5 miles northeast of, west side of Warrensburg road, 300 feet south of house at

edge of woods, in ledge of rocks; bronze tablet stamped " 834 ALBANY " 834. 025

Warrensburg, on Main street, in southeast comer of stone building used, as post-office;

bronze tablet stamped "749 ALBANY" 749.022

Thurman station, 1.25 miles north of, in abutment of Bridge No. 13, Adirondack Railway;

aluminum tablet stamped "628 ALBANY 1899" 628.264

Stonv Creek To Know! Ttuist.

Stony Creek, 0.4 mile south of, at northwest corner of steel-girder bridge No. 10 over Stony Creek, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped " 600 ALBANY 1899 " 600.427

46 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

HAMILTON AND OTSEGO COUNTIES. RICHFIELD SPBINtiS AD iOOPEBSTOWN UADBANtiLES.

The elevations in the following lists are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial points upon which these levels depend are at Herkimer, Little Falls, and Colliersville, points in the precise-level net, the bench marks at Herkimer and Little Falls havlDg been re-covered by the recent precise leveling of the Army Engineers. The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Messrs. A. W. Gill and W. W. Gilbert, levelmen, during the season of 1899. All standard bench marks are stamped with the letters "ALBANY" or "A" in addition to the figures of elevation.

Richfield Springs Quadrangle.

MOHAWK, SOUTHEAST TO PAINE8 HOLLOW, THENCE EAST TO NEWVILLE, THENCE VIA INDIAN CASTLE TO LITTLE FALLS.

Feet.

Mohawk, 3.9 miles southeast of, Gilbert Day's stable, southwest comer of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped "Tig ALBANY" 719.230

Paines Hollow, 0.1 mile west of post-office, southwest comer of Dr. Henrjr Green's stable; aluminum tablet stamped 1133 ALBANY" 1,133.300

Newville, southeast comer of stone mill belonging to Messrs. Lewis & Spoor; aluminum tablet stamped " 552 A " 552. 700

Paines Hollow, South Through Jordanville, To Richfield Springs.

Richfield Springs, 1 mile northeast of, highway bridge at throe comers, at center of east parapet wall, on coping stone; chisel mark : 1,329.35

Richfield Springs, northwest comer of Gould avenue and Church street, southeast comer of UniversaUst Church; aluminum tablet stamped " 1327 ALBANY ". 1,327.556

Ri<:Hfield Springs, East Via Warren, To East Springfield.

Springfield Center, foundation of Baptist Church; aluminum tablet stamped "1257 ALBANY" 1,257.736

East Springfield, west side of stone building used as post-office; aluminum tablet stamped

1324 Alb Any " 1,324.721

Newville, Via Starkville, To East Springfield.

Starkville, Abram Do Garao's mill, in wall 1 foot cast of northwest comer of building, 4 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped "692 ALBANY" 692.500

Cooper8Town Quadrangle.

Springfield Center, South To Cooperstown.

Cooperstown, northwest comer of county court-house; aluminum tablet stamped "1264 ALBANY" - 1,264.480

Cooperstown, opposite Cooperstown and Charlotte Valley railroad station; top of rail, main track : 1,283.0

COLLIERSVILLE, ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO COOPERSTOWN.

Milford, Methodist Church, northeast comer of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped " 1207 ALBANY" '. 1,207.200

Hartwick Seminary building, in foundation, east side; aluminum tablet stamped "1266 ALBANY" 1,266.390

Hartwick Seminary, 1.4 miles north of, iron bridge over river, on capstone at northeast comer; chisel mark 1, 179.37

HERKIMER, MADISON, ONEIDA, AND OTSEGO COUNTIES. HARTWICK, ORISKANY, 8ANGEBFIELD, AND WINFIELD QUADRANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the heights of bench marks at Earlville, Richfield Junction, and Richfield Springs, as determined in accordance with the 1903 adjustment. For elevations at Richfield Junction and Leonardsville on the Sangerfield quadrangle refer to the precise-level line, Utica to Sidney (pp. 18-19).

Primary Leveling. 47

The leveling was done in 1904-5 by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman, under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, except 1905 work on Winfield quadrangle, which was under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer. Standard bench marks are stamped *'1903 ADJ" m addition to the figure of elevation. The letters "ALBANY" also were stamped upon those set in 1904.

Sangerfielx) Quadrangle.

RICHFIELD JUNCTION, ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAIL- ROAD, SOUTHWEST VIA WATERVILLE AND NEW BROOKFIELD. TO POOLVILLE.

Feet. Paris station, in foundation wall of the residence of J. W. Pugh, east end of north face; bronze

tablet stamped " 1423 1903 AD J " 1, 423. 286

Waterville, 150 feet west of station, in foundation wall of N. C. Bohn & Son's shoo shop,

south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped "1237 ALBANY ADJ" 1,237.417

Sangerfield, 200 feet east of station, in foundation wall of residence of M. L. Williams;

bronze tablet stamped 1250 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 1,250. 190

North Brookfield, in foundation wall of Cedar Valley Hotel, north end of west face; aluminum

tablet stamped " 1201 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 1, 200. 680

Hubbardsville. in foimdation wall of Hotel Green, east end of north face; bronze tablet

stamped "1203 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,202.113

BOUCKVILLE, NORTHEAST ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAIL- WAY, TO DEANSBORO, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO WATERVILLE.

Oriskany Falls, in foundation wait of the store of E. McGlynn, east end of south face; bronze tablet stamped "978 ADJ 1903 " 978.320

Deansboro, in foundation wall of the United States milk condenscry, east end of south face; bronze tablet stamped " 795 ADJ 1903 " 795. 020

Forge Hollow, 0.51 mile southeast of, in foundation wall of stone schoolhousc, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped " 987 ADJ 1903 " 986. 810

RICHFIELD JUNCTION, SOUTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO BRIDGEWATER.

Bridgewater, in foimdation wall of Congregational Church, north end of east face; bronze tablet stamped "1215 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,215.112

Winfielx) Quadrangle.

BRIDGEWATER, EAST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD TO RICHFIELD SPRINGS.

West Winfield, in foundation of railroad public drinking fotmtain, 50 feet east of station;

bronze tablet stamped "1182 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,182.308

East Winfield, 880 feet east of station ; top of railroad milepost 298 1, 214. 16

Cedarville, in foundation wall of station, east end, north face; bronze tablet stamped " 1292

Albany 1903 Adj " 1, 291. 955

Millers Mills, in foundation wall of station, north end, east face; bronze tablet stamped " 1410

Albany 1903 Adj " 1,409. 826

Millers Mills, 2.64 miles east of; top of milepost 304 1,472. 14

South Columbia, in foundation wall of Methodist Church; bronze tablet stamped "1476

Albany 1903 " 1 , 476. 007

South Columbia, 2.02 miles east of, top of railroad iron milepost 808 1, 343. 49

Norwich Corners, Southeast To Millers Mills.

Jerusalem Hill, in foundation wall of Jerusalem Church, 24 inches above ground; bronze tablet stamped " 1532 ADJ 1903 " 1,531.843

MILLERS MILLS, NORTHEAST, ALONG HIGHWAY VIA COLUMBIA CENTER, TO MOHAWK.

Columbia Center, 4.16 miles east of Cedarville,. in foundation wall of Methodist Church, south end of west face, bronze tablet stamped " 1532 ADJ 1903 " 1,532.466

Denison Comers, in foundation wall of the residence of A. A. Wolleber, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped " 1315 ADJ 1903 " 1,315. 560

West Winfield, Southeast Along Highway, To Schuyler Lake.

Plainfield Center, in foundation wall of the Congragational parsonage, west end of south face;

bronze tablet stamped ' ADJ 1903 "

West Exeter, in foundation wall of the store ol Bonis llaTnivgtoYv, cA N'aX \svrr.\ bronze tablet stamped "1320 ADJ 1903"

48 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet. Exeter, in wall of stone store occupied by P. J. nor::,n, north end of west face; bronze tablet

stamped " 1656 AD J 1903" 1,655. 48&

Schuyler Lake, in wall of Universalist Church, south end, west face; aluminum tablet

stamped "1313 ADJ 1903" 1,312- S48

Iiabtwice Quadrangle. Schuyler Lake, Southeast To Coopebstown.

Oakville, in foundation wall of Hotel Ayres, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped "1278 ADJ 1903" 1,277- V53

ORI8KANY QUADRANGLE. PARIS STATION, NORTH TO PARIS, THENCE EAST TO 8AUQUOIT.

Paris, in foimdation wall of Episcopal Church, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped "1497 ADJ 1903" 1,497- 371

ALBANY, MONTGOMERY, OTSEGO, AND SCHOHARIE COUNTIES BEBNE, VANAJOHABIE, AND SCHOHARIE qUADBANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near MhsL.'Ky, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The descsrmptions are republished from Bulletin No. 185 and the Appendix to the Twentieth Annji-al Report of the U. S. Geological Survey, with elevations corrected to accord with the la-fcsst adjustment. The leveling on the Canajoharie and Schoharie quadrangles was don In 1898, under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelnc&skEi, and that on the Berne quadrangle was done partly in 1898-9, under the direction of A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. Seth Van Loan, levelman, and finished in 1900 undr Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, by Mr. J. H. Hodges, levelman. The standard benosh marks are stamped "ALBANY'' or "A" in addition to the figures of elevation.

BERNE QUADRANGLE. DELANSON, SOUTH TO GALLUPVILLE, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO EAST BERNE.

Foet-

Delanson,in front of station; top of rail 813- O

Gallupville, Dutch Church, in wall near southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped "SSI AL- BANY" 831.310

Berne, Lutheran Church, in southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped 1016 ALBANY" 1,014. 9S6

BERNE, SOUTHEAST VIA SOUTH BERNE, TO WESTERLO, THENCE NORTH TO EAST BERNE.

Westerlo, bridge over creek, in top of south end of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped "1144 ALBANY" 1,144.004

East Berae, west entrance to village, 300 feet cast of Berne road intersection, in embedded stone at bend in road; bronze tablet stamped "4174 ALBANY" 1,174. 310

EAST BERNE, NORTH TO ALTAMONT, THENCE NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO DELANSON.

Altamont, in foundation wall southwest side of Altamont Hotel; bronze tablet stamped "464 ALBANY" 464-780

Knox, 1.75 miles west of station, 900 feet west of road crossing, small culvert; point on north end, chiseled circle 771-

Duane, 900 feet east of, south end of east abutment of bridge; point on top 894-

Westerlo, West To Rensselaerville.

Rensselaerville, southwest corner Miner's storehouse, in stone sill; bronze tablet stamped

1367 ALBANY "a 1,360-

Canajoharie Quadrangle.

Canajoharie To Ames (Mean Of Direct And Reverse Linbs).

Canajoharie, Union Free School, west front, south of stone steps, in stone balustrade; ahmii-

num tablet stamped "A 350" 350.301

Marshville, schoolhouso ; south end of doorsill 675. 72

a This elevation, 1,369.568, is possibV 2 let, loo great.

Peimary Leveling. 49

Ames, East To Blaine, Thence South To Sharon.

Feet.

Blaine, 50 feet from east coping of cemetery wail; aluminum tablet stamped " A 943 " 943. 315

Sharon, opposite Lutheran Church and schoolhouse, outcropping ledge in field, southwest of road; aluminum tablet stamped "A 1212" , 1,212.822

Sharon, Northwest To Sharon Springs Station.

Sharon Center, schoolhouse; north end of doorsill 1,437. 77

Sharon Springs, 700 feet north of main east and west road through Rockville, 500 feet from

top of hill, in outcrop on west side of street; aluminum tablet stamped "A, 1295" 1,295.007

Sharon Springs, in front of station; top of rail 1,353.7

SHARON SPRINGS STATION, NORTHWEST TO SPROUT BROOK, THENCE EAST TO AMES.

Sprout Brook, 1 mile south of, at road comer; south end of schoolhouse doorsill 783. 73

Hessville, 0.5 mile south of schoolhouse, 150 feet north of road to west, opposite house and 15 feet east of road, in bowlder 8 feet broad; aluminum tablet stamped " A 826 " 825. 987

Fort Plain, West To Hallsville.

Fort Plain, Erie Canal Lock No. 32, towpath coping, end of anchor, northeast gate; chiseled

cross within circle (Canal B. M. No. 171) 312. 151

Fort Plain, Union Free School, Division street front, water table 1 foot from south comer;

aluminum tablet stamped " A 316 " 317.090

Fort Plain, 1.5 miles west of, Valley schoolhouse; west end of doorsill 394. 53

Hallsville, south end of cheese factory, stone foundation, 1 foot from east comer; aluminum

tablet stamped 'A 509" 509.242

Sohoharie Quadrangle.

Shutts Comers, sdhoolhouse; east end of doorsill 1, 145.97

Bamerville, 200 feet west of covered bridge, 100 feet north of Main street, at iron bridge over mill race, south abutment, east wing; aluminum tablet stamped A 827 " 827. 253

Barnerville, East To Schoharie, Thence South To Middleburg.

Schoharie, court-house, south side of south door in west front, beveled jamb; aluminum tablet stamped " A 611 " 611. 077

Schoharie, 1.25 miles south of Bridge street, on railroad bridge, north abutment, west wing, second step; domelike fossil 6 inches from face 609. 43

Middlebui, schoolhouse, east front, south of entrance, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "A 649" 649.551

Breakabeen, Lutheran Church, in west foundation, 5 feet from comer; aluminum tablet stamped "A 754" 754.323

West Fulton, iron bridge across Panther Creek, south abutment, east end, in coping; aluminum tablet stamped A 1156 " 1, 157. 160

Vinton ton, 0.25 mile south of, schoolhouse; south end of doorsill 1, 390. 44

Middleburg, South To Franklinton.

Middleburg, 1.75 miles southeast of, iron bridge, north abutment, east wing, on bridge seat;

chiseled square 743. 47

Franklinton, schoolhouse, southwest comer of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped "A

1215" 1,214.907

DUTCHESS, ORANGE, AND ULSTER COUNTIES. NEWBVBG, POUeHKEEPSIE, BHINEBECK, B08ENDALE, AND SCHUNEMUNK qUADBANOLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The descriptions are republished from Bulletin No. 185, with elevations corrected to accord with the 1903 adjustment. For additional elevations on New burg and Poughkeepsie quadrangles refer to " Precise leveling."

The leveling on Kosendale quadrangle was done partly in 1900 under Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. W. S. D. Moore, levelman, and completed in 1901 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings by W. E. Greene, levelman. The remainder was done under Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, as follows: On Schunemunk and Poughkeepsie quadranilea wxdcv BulL 281—06 4

50 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

rangle in 1900 by Mr. G. Bailey, levelman; on remainder of Rhinebeck in 1900 by Mr. W. S. D. Moore, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with letters "ALBANY " in addition to figures of elevation. Those on the Schuneraunk quadrangle are stamped mostly 2 feet too low.

Pouohkeepsie Quadrangle.

$

Pouohkeepsie, Northeast To Pleasant Valley.

Feet. Poughkeepsie station, second step from east end of column on north side of arch bridge, keyed

in fifth stone above ground; brass bolt stamped " -f- " 43. 334

Poughkeepsie, city hail, in front face; aluminum tablet stamped "ALBANY 173" 172. 991

Poughkeepsie, south end of first bridge east of station, over small creek; point on comer first

step, east abutment 172. 94

Poughkeepsie, northwest end of west abutment of small bridge east of Van Wagner crossing;

point on top of stone 243. 21

Poughkeepsie, 1 mile west of Pleasant Valley, at Landis place, third step from top, south end,

west abutment, cattle pass and bridge; point in comer 232. 57

Pleasant Valley, 300 feet east of station, in face of rock north side of track; bronze tablet

stamped "ALBANY. 211" .' 211.416

Highland, South Along The Erie Railroad, To Milton.

Milton, south side of Townsend's store, in window sill; bronze tablet stamped " 9 ALBANY " 9. 000

Highland, North To College Point.

Highland, Poughkeepsie bridge, west abutment, southwest comer, top stone; chiseled mark. 225. 31

Highland, in front of West Shore Railroad station ; top of west rail 10. 2

Highland, 2 miles north of, east end of south wall of open culvert; chiseled mark & 90

Rhinebeck Quadrangle.

PLEASANT VALLEY, NORTHEAST TO CLINTON CORNERS, THENCE SOUTH TO "WASH- INGTON HOLLOW.

Salt Point, 1 mile east of, south end of west abutment of Leggetts Bridge; comer second

stone from top 267. 31

Clinton Comers, north end of west abutment of bridge over Salt Point Creek, in coping stone;

bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 244 " 244. 735

Hibemia, south abutment, near end of truss bridge over creek; point on east side 251. 43

College Point, North Along The West Shore Railroad, To Kingston.

College Point, 180 feet north of " Watchman's Box," on east end of north wall of culvert;

chisel mark 65. 42

West Park, West Shore Railroad station, in north wall at northwest comer; bronze tablet

stamped "113 ALBANY".. 111842

Esopus, at crossing; top of rail 117. 3

Esopus, 0.7 mile north of, south abutment, on east end of bridge; chiseled mark 122. 16

Ulster Park, 300 feet south of station, at crossing; top of rail 149. 7

Port Ewen, 500 feet south of station, at crossing; top of east rail 160

ROSENDALE QUADRANGLE. KINGSTON, WEST ALONG THE ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD, TO BBODHEAD.

Kingston, city hall; in center of face wall of front portico; aluminum tablet stamped "223

Albany" 223.760

Bridge No. 6, Ulster and Delaware Railroad, east abutment, north end, on top stone; chisel

mark 155.94

Kingston Creek Bridge, on north end of west abutment ; chisel mark 165. 01

Stony Hollow, 0.25 mile north of. Bridge No. 12, east abutment, south end, top stone; chisel

mark 459.34

West Hurley, 0.5 mile east of railroad station, 100 feet northwest of road crossing on south

side of highway; bronze tablet stamped " 546 ALBANY" 546.312

West Hurley, in front of station; top of rail 531

Olive Branch, in front of station; top of rail 515. 2

Olive Branch, 400 feet west of station, Bridge No. 17, west abutment, north end, top stone;

chisel mark 512. 22

Olive Branch, 2.5 miles west of, Bridge No. 20, east abutment, south end, top stone; chisel

mark. 506.37

Brodhead Bridge, east abutment, north end; chisel mark

Brodhead, at Ulster and Delaware Railroad croaalng; top ol

Primary Leveling. 51

Shokan, Southeast Along Public Road, To Aluoerville.

Feet. Krumville, 1.5 miles southeast of, at L. D. Christiana's house, in northeast comer of foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped " 827 ALBANY 1902" 827.287

Allioebville, Northeast Via Osendale, To Rifton.

Alligerville, iron bridge over Rondout Creek, east end of south abutment; bronze tablet

8tamped"220 ALBANY 1901" 220.405

Rosendale, road crossing at station; top of rail 182. 5

Rifton, 150 feet from post-office, east side of road, rock ledge; bronze tablet stamped 170 ALBANY 1901" 169.887

Rosendale, South Along The Wallkill Valley Railroad, To Newpaltz.

Springtown, farm crossing at station; top of rail 188. 4

Newpaltz, 150 feet north of station, at road crossing; top of rail 207. 5

Rosendale, Along The Wallkill Valley Railroad, To Kingston.

Binnewater, road crossing; top of rail 206. 1

Whiteport, in front of station- top of rail 180. 4

Newburo Quadrangle.

NEWBURG, WEST VIA COLDENHAM TO MONTGOMERY, THENCE NORTH TO NEW HURLEY STATION.

Newburg, southwest comer of post-office building, to right of entrance; aluminum tablet

stamped "95" 94.404

Coldenham, 0.2 mile west of, at entrance to A. B. Lindsay's place, large stone gatepost; aluminum tablet stamped "ALBANY 434" 433.619

Berea, crossing of Philadelphia and Reading Railroad; top of west rail of main track 410. 3

Walden, southeast comer of National Bank of Walden; aluminum tablet

"Albany 376" 375.136

Walden, in front of Wallkill Valley Railroad station; top of west rail, main track 353. 2

Borden condensed-milk factory, on west end of culvert over stream flowing into pond, stone

on southeast comer of coping; chisel mark 292. 52

Wallkill, 400 feet south of station, at highway crossing; top of rail 279. 1

Wallkill, foundation of water tank; point cut on stone 279. 13

New Hurley Post-Office, Southeast Via Plattekill And Balmville, To

Newburg.

lattekill, 0.2 mile east of, north end of bridge over stream flowing south, on top stone of

retaining wall; chisel mark 554. 15

Balmville, on stone foundation of fence surrounding big tree; chiseled point 194. 60

NEW HURLEY STATION, NORTH VIA GARDINER TO NEWPALTZ, THENCE EAST TO HIGHLANDS.

Cardiner station, 150 feet south of, in east wall of culvert; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY

309" 308.097

Torest Glen station, 0.2 mile south of, south end of trestle, east side of track, on wall; chisel mark 1 . , 297. 73

Newpaltz, Newpaltz Savings Bank, southwest comer; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 237" 236.022

Lloyd, Centerville Hotel, southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 359 " 358. 177

Lloyd, Southwest To Clintondale.

Clintondale, Ambrose's store, southwest comer; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 553". . . 552. 740

SCHUNEMUNK QUADRANGLE. CORNWALL, VIA NEWBURG JUNCTION ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO OXFORD.

Cornwall, 600 feet north of. New York, Ontario and Western Railway bridge, in face of west

abutment; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 271" 273. 714

Mountainville, 0.5 mile north of, west end of south abutment of railroad bridge; point on

b ri dge seat 229. 58

Woodbury, 200 feet south of station; point on northeast foot block at end of truss bridge 435. 90

Central Valley, 200 feet north of station, south abutment, east end bridge seat ; point on scone. 484. 20 Central Valley, west of Noxon's store, in large stone in retaining wall of Finken's place; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 488 " 489. 334

52 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 19©5.

Feet. Newburg Junction, 0.5 mile north of, east end of south abutment of railroad bridge: point on

bridge seat 518. 22

Arden, 900 feet north of, north abutment of bridge over stream; point on top, east end, chisel

mark 522. 16

Arden, 300 feet north of station, railroad bridge over stream, in pier top, east end; bronze

tablet stamped "ALBANY 519" 520.695

Doyles, 0.25 mile east of, face of large bowlder in road; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY

718" 719.921

Turners, 900 feet west of, west abutment of bridge, on north end ; chisel mark 554. 78

Monroe, 0.5 mile east of, west abutment of culvert; point on top of north end 592. 32

Oxford, 300 feet east of, east abutment of overhead bridge; on north end 531. 92

OXFORD, NORTH TfJ BURNSIDE, THENCE EAST TO CORNWALL.

Craigville, 300 feet north of, south abutment, east end of cattle pass; point second step from

top ; 423.42

Farmingdale, 500 feet north of, south abutment, east end of cattle pass; point on top 379. 27

Elsmere, 0.5 mile south of, west end of north abutment of cattle pass; point on second step

from top 372. 80

Bumside, 1.25 miles east of, in west face of east abutment of concrete-arch railroad bridge

No. 35; bronze tablet stamped "359 ALBANY" 358.823

Meadowbrook, 400 feet east of; point on north end of east abutment of culvert 337. 2

Cornwall, 0.4 mile east of, south abutment of £ rie Railroad bridge; point on coping at west end 338. 34 Cornwall, west abutment of New York, Ontario and Western Railway bridge; point on step,

north end 271. 82

COLUMBIA AND DUTCHESS COUNTIES. CAT8KILL, CLOYE, €OPAKE, COXSACKIE, KINDEBHOOK, AND HiLLBBOOK (jUADBANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The descriptions are mostly republished from Bulletin No. 185, and the elevations are corrected to accord with the latest adjustment.

The leveling on Millbrook quadrangle was done in 1899 under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. Seth Van Loan, levelman; that on Catskill, Kinderhook, and part of Copake quadrangles was done in 1900 under Mr. Bassett, by Mr. George Bailey, levelman; the remainder on Copake quadrangle was done in 1902 under Mr. A. H. Bumstead, topographer, by Mr. G. C. Mills, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with letters "ALBANY " in addition to the figures of elevation.

Clove Quadrangle.

Feet. Dover Plains, in northwest corner of bank; aluminum (?) tablet stamped "ALBANY 406". 4fi6. 666

MILLBROOK QUADRANGLE. WASmNGTON HOLLOW, EAST VIA MILLBROOK, TO DOVER PLAINS.

Millbrook, 2 miles west oi , south parapet wall of bridge over stream ; point in stone 459. 56

Millbrook,' west side of Millbrook Bank near southwest corner; aluminum tablet stamped ALBANY 568" , 568.824

Dover Plains, North Along The Harlem Railroad, To Millerton.

Wassaic, 600 feet south of, north abutment of bridge over stream; point on west end 463. 13

Araenia, in corner stone southwest comer of Amenia Bank; aluminum tablet stamped

Albany 573" 573.87

Coleman, 0.87 mile north of, west end of north abutment overhead bridge; point on second

step from top 586. 68

Millerton, first bridge north of, south abutment, west end; point on second stone from top. 499. 56

a This bench mark was set in 1905 by Mr. C. E. Knickerbocker, engineer maintenance of way, New York, Ontario and Western Railway, and replaces the old bench mark '357" which is at the same elevation but incased in concrete reinforcement of abutment.

Primary Leveling. 53

MILLERTON, VIA SUEKOMEKO ALONG THE NEWBUBO, DUTCHESS, AND CONNECTICUT RAILROAD. TO PINE PLAINS.

Feet.

Millerton, in northeast front of brick block hotel; aluminum tablet stamped ALBANY 701 " 701. 081 WInchells station, 1.25 miles west of, south abutment of cattle pass Bridge No. 66; point on

east end ; 864. 72

Shekomeko, 1 mile north of, south abutment of overhead Bridge No. 63; point on fourth step

from top, west end 731. 87

fiethel station, west abutment of Bridge No. 57; point on north end, chisel mark ' ' U. S.". . . 500. 79 fine Plains, in foundation stone of Myer's dwelling, near southeast comer of house; aluminum tablet stamped ' ALB ANY 474 " 474. 626

Pine Plains, Via 8Tis8Inq And Stanfordville, To Clinton Corners.

ifelntyre. Central New England bridge, in face of south abutment, third course from ground; aluminum tablet stamped "ALBANY 399' 399.388

Copake Quadrangle.

MILLERTON, NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO PHILMONT.

Moimt Riga station, 1.5 miles north of, stream to west; northwest comer of culvert (stream

. 3 feet lower) 773.43

Boston Comers, 300 feet south of station, in top of southeast comer of culvert on New York

Central Railroad; bronze tablet stamped ' ' ALBANY 727 " 727. 139

Pake Ironworks, 500 feet south of station; northwest abutment of railroad bridge (stream

25 feet below) 674.33

Cra.iyville, 500 feet west of station, south side of track, in west abutment of railroad bridge;

bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 635" 635.151

rindale station, just north of, at crossings west rail ." 639. 5

BOSTON CORNERS, WESTWARD VIA THE CENTRAL NEW ENGLAND RAILWAY, TO GALLA-

Tinville, Thence North Along Highways Via Glengo Mills,

To Claverack, Thence Northeast To Philmont.

Boston Comers, 300 feet south of station, in top of southeast comer of culvert on New York

Cewtral Railroad; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 727" 727.139

opake, (Central New England bridge No. 80, on north end of west abutment; chiseled square. 537. 69 opake, 2.5 miles southwest of. Bridge No. 85, 900 feet southeast of highway and 0.5 mile southeast of Millers Pond, in east comer of southwest abutment; bronze tablet stamped "AL- BANY 508" 508.350

Ancram, stone-arch highway bridge over Roeliff Janson Kill, on south end of west parapet;

chiseled square 480. 76

Oallatinville, highway bridge over Roeliff Janson Kill, east wing of north abutment; aluminum tablet stamped "405 ALBANY" 405.192

New Forge, on south end of west abutment of iron bridge over Claverack Creek; bronze tablet

stamped "516 ALB ANY" 515,995

West Taghkanick, 0.9 miles north of, 600 feet south of Geo. Sears's dwelling; 1-inch steel bar

15 inches long sunk flush in rock ledge on west side of road, marked " U. S. B. M. 289" 289. 61

Glenco Mills, iron highway bridge over Taghkanick Creek, in west wing wall of south abutment; aluminum tablet stamped ' '261 ALBANY" 261. 703

Claverack, 0.5 miles southeast of, iron highway bridge, center pier, oast end; bronze tablet stamped "156 ALB ANY" 155.841

Kinderiiook Quadrangle. Philmont, North To Chatham.

Philmont, west side of Empire House, in stone over cellar window; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 626" 525.504

Ghent, just south of New York Central Railroad station, at crossing; east rail, oast track. . 397. 3

Chatham, east side of tenth roof support from east end of station, train side; tablet (Iwnch mark of the Massachusetts topographical survey commission) 470. 912

Chatham, in northeast comer of Masonic Block, about 3 foot from ground; aluminum tablet stamped ' ' ALBANY 470 " 470. 990

Chatham, 1 mile north of, on west abutment of Bridge No. 201, in top stone; Ijench No. 84 of the Massachusetts topographical survey commission, marked ])y a hole and " B. S.", bottom of hole 619.457

54 8Pirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Niverville, Southwest Via Stuyve8Ant Falls, To Hudson.

Feet. Nivervllle, near northwest corner of water tank, in lirick about 4 leet from ground; bench

mark of the Massachusetts topographical survey commission, marked "B-O-M", center

of hole '. 322.936

Nivervllle, in southwest comer of brick water tank, 3 feet from ground; bronze tablet stamped

"Albany 323" 322.924

Valatie, road crossing; west rail 245

Kinderhook, 100 feet south of station, north side of highway, 10 feet west of track; top stone

over drain 250.02

Stuyvesant Falls, west end of bridge over Kinderhook Creek, in end of north wing wall;

bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 15" 156.376

Rossman station, road crossing 100 feet south of; east rail 63. 6

Stockport, road crossing just north of station; west rail 47.

Stottville, 150 feet north of station, road crossing; east rail 125. 4

Catskill Quadrangle.

Hudson, on northeast end of upper station, 1 foot from ground; bronze tablet stamped

"Albany 151" 151.543

Hudson, Diamond street; crossing electric railway and railroad 151. 1

Coxsackie Quadrangle.

Hudson station; United States Coast and Geodetic Survey bench mark No. 4 (railroad bench, the usual round-headed bolt, in west side of top of stone pier under iron column, under overhead bridge in street leading to docks and Athens Ferry; the first one north of Hudson station. The pier is under the second column from south end in the east row of three) 10. 686

GREENE, ULSTER, AND SCHOHARIE COUNTIES. CIILBOA, KAATEB8KILL, AND PHOENICU (jUADBANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The leveling was previously reported upon in Bulletin N. 185, but has been readjusted to accord with the 1903 adjustment of precise leveling. The leveling was done in 1900, under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Messrs. W. S. D. Moore and George Bailey, levelmen. The standard bench marks are stamped "ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation.

Phoenicia Quadrangle. Boiceville, North To Phoenecia.

Feet.

Mount Pleasant, in front of station; top of rail 713.9

Phoenicia, in front of station; top of rail 796. 2

Phoenicia, Ulster and Delaware Railroad bridge, south pier, top of east end; aluminum tablet stamped "804 ALBANY". 805.171

PHOENICIA, NORTHWEST ALONG* THE ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILlfOAD, TO HIGHlf OUNT.

Shandaken, steel bridge at forks of road, top of southwest wing wall ; bronze tablet stamped

"Albany 1071" 1,07L401

Big Indian, at station; passenger-room doorsill 1, 213. 85

Pine Hill, in front of station; top of rail 1,661.2

SHANDAKEN, SOUTHWEST TO BIG INDIAN, THENCE SOUTH TO SLIDE MOUNTAIN POST-OFFICE.

Slide Mountain, rock at northwest comer of post-oflace; bronze tablet stamped "ALBANY 1665" , 1,665.070

Shandaken, North To Lexington.

West Kill, 1.3 miles south of top of Deep Notch, west side of road, on bowlder; aluminum

tablet stamped "ALBANY 1901" 1,901.096

West Kill, small steel bridge on south of road, east sill; chisel mark 1,464.51

Phoenicia, Northeast To Lanesville.

Chichester, in front of station; top of rail 1, 014. 7

Chichester, 1.7 miles northeast of, north abutment of bridge, east end, top stone; chisel mark. 1, 151. 45

Primary Leveling. 55

Hunter, West To Lexington.

Feet. JeweJ;t Center, east abutment of East Kill bridge, north end, top stone; aluminum tablet

stamped "1405 ALB ANY " 1,405.728

Lexington, north pier of Schoharie Creek bridge, west end, top stone; aluminum tablet

stamped "1329 ALBANY" 1,329.760

KAATERSKILL QUADRANGLE. LA.NESVILLE, NORTHEAST TO KAATERSKILL JUNCTION, THENCE NORTHWEST TO HUNTER.

Edgewood, 300 feet north of station, north pier of bridge, east end, in top stone; bronze tablet

stamped "1790 ALB ANY" 1,790.606

Hunter, 1 mile south of, east abutment of highway bridge, south end, top of stone; chisel

mark 1,620.17

Hunter, public school building, north side of front entrance, in foundation wall; aluminum tabletstamped "1602 ALB ANY" 1,602.662

Oilboa Quadrangle. Lexington, North To Prattsvillb.

Lexinon, 2.5 miles north of, north abutment of Schoharie Creek Bridge, east end, top stone;

chisel mark 1,276.76

Prattsville, 1 mile east of, east abutment of Red Kill Bridge, south end, top stone- chisel mark. 1, 181. 18 Pratt sville, pubUc school buUding, in front wall; aluminum tablet stamped ' '1164 ALBANY" 1, 164. 638

Prattsville, East To Windham.

WiiKiiiam, bridge over Batavia Creek on road to Hunter, top of north abutment, east end; bronze tablet stamped "1517 ALBANY" 1,617.884

Prattsville, North To Qilboa.

Prattsville, at fork with Orand Gorge road, Schoharie Creek Bridge, east approach, top stone of north retaining wall at end of railing; chisel mark. 1, 151. 04

1.2 miles south of, south abutment of Manor Kill Bridge, east end, top stone; chisel iark 1,115.65

800 feet north of, on east side of road, opposite bridge over Schoharie Creek, in ledge rock; bronze tablet stamped "1010 ALBANY" 1,010.190

Gilboa, East To Manorkill.

Stryersville (West Conesville post-oflBce), bridge 40 feet west of post-office, on southwest

abutment ; chisel mark 1 , 260. 12

neville, bridge 150 feet west of post-oflftce, on northeast comer abutment; chisel mark. . . 1, 383. 23 Manorkill, white church opposite post-office, southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped ''ALBANY 1516" 1,615.295

Oilboa, North Via Blenheim, To Breakabeen.

Blenheim, 300 feet north of post-office, northwest side of road, in ledge of rock; aluminum tablet stamped "813 ALB ANY" 813.430

Frankunton, South To Livinqstonville.

Kingston ville, in northwest comer of Methodist Church; bronze tablet stamped "AL- BANY 1077" 1,077.310

DELAWARE, OTSEGO, SCHOHARIE, AND ULSTER COUNTIES. HOBABT, MABGABETYILLE, AND RICHMOBiDYILLE (UADBANCILES.

elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark, the elevation hich is accepted as 13,863 feet above mean sea level. They result from joint adjustwith previous work to accord with elevations by the 1903 adjustment at Poughkeepsie East Worcester, points in the precise-level net.

The leveling on Hobart and part of that on Margaretville and Richmondville quadrangles done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. William *alley, levelman; the remainder on the Margaretville quadrangle was done by W. E. I'eene, levelman, in 1901, under Mr. Jennings, and that on the Richmondville quadrangle

1902 under Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer. The standard marks are stamped

ith the letters "ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation

56 Spibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Maroaretville Quadranolb.

HIOHHONT, EAST ALONQ THE ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD, TO FLEISCHMANS, THENCE NORTH TO ROXBURT.

Feet- Shandaken, steel bridge at forks of road, top of southwest wing wall; bronze tablet stamped

"1071 Albany" 1,071. 401

Big Indian, passenger roorfi at station; doorsill 1,213. 85

Pine Hill, in front of station; top of rail 1,661. 2

Fleischmans station, east abutment of Ulster and Delaware bridge No. 47, south end; aluminum tablet stamped "1515 ALBANY 1901" 1,515. 77

Kelleys Comers, in front of station; top of west rail 1,380. 7

Halcottsville, in front of station; top of west rail 1, 403. 8

Halcottsville, 550 feet south of, Ulster and Delaware bridge No. 54, on top of south abutment,

at west end; bronze tablet stamped "1399 ALBANY 1901" 1,399.601

Halcottsville, 1.45 miles north of, at highway crossing; crest of dam 1, 410. 8

Arkville, Southeast Along Public Road To West Shandaken.

Dry Brook, West Shandaken, front of Second Adventist Church, southwest comer; bronze tablet stamped "1628 ALBANY 1901" 1,628.726

Arkville, Southwest Along Highway To Arena, Thencb Southeast To Grant

Hills, Thence South To Ulster-Delaware County Line

On Coykendall Road.

Margaretville, stone steps at entrance to People's Bank, west face; aluminum tablet stamped "1325 ALBANY 1901" 1,325.581

Grant Mills, 2.9 miles south of, line between Delaware and Ulster counties, 1,380 feet northwesterly from large culvert, north side of Coykendall road, in large rock; bronze tablet stamped "2464 ALBANY 1901" 2,465.526

Near Dunraven, North To New Kingston.

New Kingston, north face of United Presbyterian Church, 2 feet west of belfry tower; aluminum tablet stamped "1685 ALBANY 1901" 1,685.745

Hobart Quadrangle.

ROXBURY, NORTHEAST ALONG ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD TO GRAND GORGE, THENCE WEST TO HOBART.

Roxlury, in front of station; top of west rail '. 1,495.1

Roxbury, 0.85 mile north of, north abutment of Ulster and Delaware bridge No. 59, west end;

aluminum tablet stamped "1499 ALBANY 1901" 1,499.601

Grand Gorge station; platform 1, 562. 6

Grand Gorge, 125 feet east of main track and 100 feet north of station, top of large bowlder;

aluminum tablet stamped "1561 ALBANY 1901" 1,561.901

South Gilboa station, under overhead bridge; top of west rail '. 1, 748. 8

Stamford, in front of station; top of south rail, main track 1,788.7

Hobart, 0.25 mile east of, west abutment of Bridge No. 70, south end of back wall; aluminum

tablet stamped "1633 ALBANY 1901" 1,634.701

Hobart, in front of station; top of north rail 1,636.0

STAMFORD, NORTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAYS TO NORTH KORTRIGHT, THENCE NORTH- EAST TO NORTH HARPERSFIELD.

Stamford, Joseph Millan's brick store on Main street, in northwest face; aluminum tablet

stamped "1826 ALBANY 1901" 1,827.244

North Kort right, front of post-office, south side of road; spike in pine tree 1,517. 43

North Ilarpersfleld, southerly side of residence of Jas. A. Topping, under bay window, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped "1609 ALBANY 1901" 1,610.221

RiCHMONDVILLE QUADRANGLE,

NORTH KORTRIGHT, NORTHWEST TO FERGUSON VILLE, THENCE NORTHEAST TO CHAR- LOTTEVILLE, THENCE NORTH TO EAST WORCESTER.

South Worcester, 6 feet north of southeast comer of 01m stead & Sturges's store, east side of

foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "1373 ALBANY 1901" 1,374.016

East Worcester, in front of station; top of east rail 1, 427. 63

East Worcester, 0.75 mile west of station (precise line), north end of culvert; tablet stamped "1406 ALBANY 1901" 1,405.207

Primart Leveling. 57

CHABLOTTE8VILLE, MOBTHSA8T TO SUMMIT, THENCB SOUTH TO STEWART POIT- OFFICB (SINQLS-SPUB LIKE).

Feet.

Summit, south side wall of Jump & Havens's drug store; bronze tablet stamped "2106 AL- BANY 1902" 2,108.96

Stewart, in southeast comer of post-office (Martin Vroman's house) ; bronze tablet stamped

"1364 Albany 1902" 1,364230

COBLESKILL, NORTHWEST ALONG THE CHERRY VALLEY BRANCH OF DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, VIA HYNDSVILLE AND SEWARD, TO SHARON SPRINGS.

Hyndsville, in front of passenger room; top of high rail 1,115.6

Seward, in front of passenger-room door; top of rail 1,181. 6

Seward, in front wall of general store; bronze tablet stamped '1186 ALBANY 1902" 1, 186. 486

Hansons crossing; top of rail 1,217.0

Seward, West Along Public Road To South Valley (Single-Spur Line).

South Valley, Christian Church; bronze tablet stamped "1563 ALBANY 1902" 1,563.183

Orange, Sullivan, And Ulster Counties.

Ellenyille And 8Lide Mountain ({Uadbancile8.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark atGreennear Albany, the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. he initial elevation at Shokan was determined by readjustment of levels reported upon ii Bulletin No. 185. The elevations accord with the 1903 adjustment.

The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, in 1903, by G. M. Dimmick, levelraan, except line Shokan to Boiceville run in 1900 by Mr. W. S. D. -oore, levelman. Standard bench marks of this list are stamped with the letters "Alr- Y " in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

Slide Mountain Quadrangle. Bbodhead Northwest To Boiceville.

Feet, 0.2 mile east of station, west abutment of Bridge No. 22, north end, bedplate; bronze a.blet stamped "532 ALB ANY" 533.361

SHOKAN TO OLIVE CITY, THENCE SOUTHWEST ALONG ffiGHWAY TO 8AMSONVILLE,

Thencb South To Kerhonkson, Thence Along Railroad

Southwest To Napanoch.

nsonvihe, 50 leet south of Methodist Church, in limestone outcrop; bronze tablet stamped

"855 Albany 1903" 855.411

I'honkson, in water table at center of east face of New York, Ontario and Western depot;

uminum tablet stamped "254 ALBANY 1903" 253.760

NAPANOCH,' NORTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO EUREKA, THENCE NORTHEAST TO SUN- DOWN (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

"<ikawack, 0.3 mile northwest of, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, east face, 5 feet

tfom southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped "691 ALBANY 1903 " 691. 304

<;kawack, 3.61 miles northwest of, highway bridge over small stream; point on top of west

end of south abutment 760. 32

down, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, north end of west face; bronze tablet

stamped ' '993 ALBANY 1903" 993. 485

POINT WEST OF SUNDOWN, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO DENNING (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Venning, in foundation wall of Hotel Erts, east end of south face; aluminum tablet stamped

1965 Albany 1903" 1,964.941

Ellenville Quadrangle.

NAPANOCH, SOUTH ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY VIA SUMMITVILLE TO MIDDLETOWN.

Uenvllle, in foundation wall of station, center of east fae; almninum tablet stamped "319

Albany 1903" 319.618

Spring Glen, in foundation wall of station, center of west face; bronze tablet stamped "451

Albany 1903"

58 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet. Summitville, 150 feet north of station, north end of west retaining wall; point on top of stone

sluiceway, square 546. 44

Wurtsboro (Mamakating station), in foundation wall of station, north end of east face;

bronze tablet stamped "723 ALBANY 1903" 722.782

Bloomingburg, 0.6 mile south of, south end of east abutment of railroad bridge; point on

top 713.63

Winterton, in front of station; top of east rail 508. 7

Fair Oaks, in front of station; top of east rail 641. 2

Crawford Junction, south end of oast retaining wall of small culvert 60 feet south of station;

point on top 591. 93

CRAWFORD JUNCTION, NORTHEAST ALONG ERIE BRANCH TO PINE BUSH, THENCE TO DWAARKILL (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Clrcleville, 150 feet south of station, at highway crossing; top of east rail 621. 8

Bullville, at highway crossing south of station; top of east rail 508. 9

Bullville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, north end of cast face; aluminum tablet

stamped "518 ALBANY 1903" .' 517.840

Thompson Ridge, 60 feet south of station, highway crossing; top of east rail 459. 4

Pine Bush, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, center of south face; bronze tablet

stamped "397 ALBANY 1903" 396.919

Dwaarkill, in foundation wall of the residence owned by Mr. Home, center of north face;

bronze tablet stamped "351 ALBANY 1903" 35L684

ORANGE AND SULLIVAN COUNTIES. GOSHEN, LA€KA WAXEN, HONTItKLLO, FOBT JEBVI8, AND WHITE LAKE (QUADRANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon elevations by the 1903 adjustment of various bench marks on the precise-level line Hancock to Poughkeepsie. The leveling was done in 1904 under the direction of Mr. W. O. Tufts, assistant topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman. Standard bench ro'-Scs are stamped with legend "1903 ADJ" in addition to figures of elevation.

Goshen Quadrangle.

BURNSIDE, WEST ALONG THE NEW YOEK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO CAMPBELL HALL, THENCE SOUTHWEST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO GOSHEN, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO GREYCOUET.

Feet.

Campbell Hall, in brick foundation of Campbell Hall; bronze tablet stamped *'408 ALBANY 1900" 409.078

Kipps station, in foundation wall of residence of J. II. Kipps, south end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped "390 ALB ANY 1903 ADJ" 389.600

Goshen, in foundation wall of Episcopal Church, north end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped "439 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 438.794

Chester, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped "477 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 476.776

Greycourt, in face of north abutment of railroad bridge over highway; bronze tablet stamped "447 ALBANY" 448.282

GREYCOURT, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK, SUSQUEHANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO WARWICK, THENCE WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO PINE ISLAND.

Lake station, in foundation wall of the residence of J. Halbut, center of east face; bronze

tablet stamped "554 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 553.710

Warwick, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, north end of east face; aluminum tablet

stamped"538 ALB ANY 1903 ADJ" 537.903

Edenville, in stone residence of J. E. Hotaling, east end of south face, 24 inches above ground;

aluminum tablet stamped "473 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 473.217

Pine Island, in center of south face of brick railroad station, Pine Island division of the Erie

Railroad; bronze tablet stamped "407 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 407.003

JOHNSON, NORTHEAST ALONG NEW YORK, SUSQUEHANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO MIDDLETOWN.

Slate Hill, in foundation v/all of the store of Ourling Bros., south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped "605 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" fiO&900

Primary Leveling. 59

Port Jervis Quadrangle.

PINE ISLAND, WEST ALONQ HIGHWAY TO UNIONVILLE,. THENCE NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK, SUSQUEHANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO JOHNSON.

Feet. Unionville, in foundation wall of Baptist Church, south end of east face; bronze tablet

stamped "516 ALBANY 1903 AD J" 616.367

Westtown, in foundation wall of storage building of T. G. Clark, south end of west face;

bronze tablet stamped "480 ALBANY 1903 AD J" 480.026

Johnson, in foundation wall of the feed store of Simpson & Manning, north end of east face;

bronze tablet stamped "451 ALBANY 1903 AD J" 450.994

Port Jervis, Southeast Along Highway To Unionville.

Greenville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped "1043 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,043.210

OTIS, ALONG HIGHWAY WEST TO CUDDEBACKVILLE, THENCE NORTHWEST TO OAK- LAND VALLEY.

Cuddebackville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped "522 ALBANY 1903 AD J" 622.085

Monticello Quadrangle.

Oakland Valley, Northwest To Forestburg.

Oakland Valley, highway bridge over Neversink River, in ledge of rock 35 feet southeast of southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped 686 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 685. 670

Hartwood, in stone residence of Willis Butler, north end of east face, 30 inches above ground; bronze tablet stamped " 1275 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 1,275.457

White Lake Quadrangle.

Forestburg. South To Mongaup.

Porestburg, in foundation wall of Catholic Church, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped "1241 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,240.625

Lacka Waxen Quadrangle.

Mongaup, top of north abutment of highway ])ridge over Mongaup Creek; bronze tablet stamped "503 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 603.031

St. Lawrence County.

BBIEBHILL, CANTON, GOIJYEBNEUB, HOOANSBUBG, HASSENA, 0GDEN8BUBG, BED HILLS, AND WADDINGTON (UADBANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment of elevations of bench marks established by precise leveling along St. Lawrence River under the direction of the United States Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways. For additional elevations on the Hogansburg quadrangle refer to " Precise leveling." The leveling was done in 1904 under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman. Standard bench marks are stamped with the legend "ALBANY 1903 ADJ " in addition to the figures of elevations.

BRIERHILL QUADRANGLE. OODENSBtTBQ, SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO EDWARDSVILLE, THENCE NOETH TO MORRISTOWN.

Feet. Ogdensburg, 4.6 miles south of, in water table of residence of Paul Velour, north end, east face;

brown tablet stamped "317 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 317.216

Ogdensburg, 8.93 miles south of, in foundation wall of residence of Alonzo Havens, center of

east face; aluminum tablet stamped " 390 A LEAN Y 1903 ADJ " 389. 916

Ogdensburg, 11.67 miles south of, 200 feet north of residence of Luther Bloodough, 150 leet

north of highway, 100 feet northwest of highway sluice, in solid rock; bronze tablet stamped

"302 Albany 1903 Adj" 30L488

Edwardsville, in foundation v/slW ot Union Church, east end of south face; bronze tablet

stamped "296 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ' 'Zft&.lfifc

60 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet.

Edwardsville, 2.93 miles northwest of; 2.G miles southeast of Morristown, in solid rock, 30 feet west of southwest corner of red schoolhouse and 54 feet northeast of intersection at four comers; bronze tablet stamped " 300 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 300. 227

Morrifltown, in foundation wall of stone warehouse, 79.5 feet from north side of United States custom-house; J-inch bolt (Deep Waterways bench mark) 271. 288

Oodensburo Quadrangle.

OQDENSBURQ, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIQHWAT TO HEUVELTON, THENCE NORTHEAST TO LISBON, THENCE NORTHWEST TO RED MILLS.

Ogdensburg, in west pier at mouth of Oswegatchie River, in United States light-house; |-inch

bolt (Deep Waterways P. B. M. D.) 251.022

Ogdensburg, 3.8 miles south of, 50 feet east of track, 100 feet west of road, 23 feet south of

private road, in rock; bronze tablet stamped 309 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 309. 132

Heuvelton, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, east end of south face; bronze tablet

stamped "315 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 315.188

Flockville, in foundation wall of Presbyterian parsonage, west end of north face; bronze

tabTetstamped"364 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 364.086

Lisbon, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, center of south face; bronze tablet

stamped "357 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 357.696

HEUVELTON, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY 9 MILES, THENCE EAST 6 MILES TO DE KALE.

De Peyster, in foundation wall of Union Church, south end, east face; bronze tablet stamped "374 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 374.479

De Peyster, 3.56 miles south of, 101 feet northwest of comer of Thos. Towander's residence, 7 feet west of high way; tablet stamped "332 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 332.411

De Kalb, 0.9 mile northwest of, 600 feet southeast of residence of Horace Streeter, 50 feet north of center of highway; tablet in ledge, stamped " 414 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 413. 641

DE KALB, NORTH ALONG RAILROAD TO RENSSELAER FALLS, THENCE NORTHWEST TO HEUVELTON.

De Kalb, 4.17 miles north of, 300 feet northwest of highway crossing of the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg division of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, 150 feet northeast of residence of Van Hunters, 100 feet north of center of track, in solid rock; aluminum tablet stamped " 393 ALB AN Y 1903 ADJ " 393.221

Rensselaer Falls, in water table of Methodist Church, south end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped "328 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 327.544

Gouverneur Quadrangle. At De Kalb.

De Kalb, in foundation wall of church, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped "357 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 357.010

Red Mills Quadrangle. Red Mills, East Along Highway To Chipman.

Red Mills, 6.93 miles east of, in foundation wall of residence of Alvia Martin, west end of south face; bronze tablet stamped "348 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 348.175

Waddinqton Quadrangle.

Chipman, Southeast To Madrid.

Chipman, in foundation wall of Scotch Presbyterian Church, center of north face; bronze tablet stamped "355 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 354.953

Madrid, Northeast To Raymondsville.

Madrid, 3.95 miles north of, in foundation wall of residence of N. J. Abemathy, center of east face; bronze tablet stamped " 349 ALB AN Y 1903 ADJ" 348.942

Chases Mill (8 miles north of Madrid), in foundation wall of Hotel Creighton, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped " 272 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 27L453

Canton Quadrangle. At Madrid.

Madrid, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, center oleaaV, lace; "btoTvift \ftXAfc\.

'320 Albany 1903 Adj "

Primaby Leveling. 61

Mas8Ena Quadrangle.

BICHABDS LANDING, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO MASSENA SPRINGS, THENCE EAST ALONG THE GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY TO HELENA.

Feet. Richards Landing, 58.5 feet east of east face of Isaac Richards's residence, 3 feet north of south fence of river road, 13 feet underground; concrete base, in top of which is set a J-inch roundhead bolt (Deep Waterways P. B. M. 6) 232.381

Massena, in northwest comer of Clark Block; bronze tablet stamped " 205 ALBANY 1904 " . . 205. 000 Massena Springs, 4.33 miles east of, in south end of east abutment of railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped "193 ALBANY 1904".. 192.795

MASSENA SPRINGS, SOUTHWEST ALONG ROAD VIA RAYHONDVILLE, TO NORWOOD, THENCE ALONG RAILROAD NORTHEAST, TO WINTHROP, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAY NORTH-NORTHEAST VIA HELENA, TO HOQANSBURG.

IbsaeDa Springs, 2.75 miles southwest of, in foundation wall of north end of east face of brick

bouse of Chas. Cahby (owned by Allen Ames), on highway leading from Massena Springs

southwest to Raymondville; bronze tablet stamped " 216 ALBANY 1904 " 216. 063

Raymondville, in foundation wall of Union Church, 10 feet from north nd of west face; bronze

tablet stamped "251 ALBANY 1904" 25L 128

Norfolk, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, 12 feet south of north end of west face;

aluminum tablet stamped "257 ALBANY 1904" 256.937

Norwood, in foundation wall of Music Hall, north end of east face, 28 inches above ground;

aluminumtablet stamped "330 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 330.017

Knapps, in foundation wall of residence of L. M. Maxfleld, west end of south face; aluminum

tablet stamped "360 ALBANY 1904" 359.764

Knapps, 3.81 miles east of, in top of north end of east abutment of railroad bridge, 420 feet west

of highway crossing; aluminum tablet stamped " 345 ALB AN Y 1904 " 344. 498

Winthrop, in foundation wall of Universalist Church, south end of east faoo; aluminum tablet

stamped "337 ALBANY 1904" 336.960

Winthrop, 2.96 miles north of, in foundation wall of schoolhOuse, District No. 3, town of

Brasher, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped " 291 ALBANY 1903 ADJ " 290. 137

Brasher Center, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, east end of south face; aluminum

tablet stamped "266 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 265.524

Hoqansburg Quadrangle.

Helena, in north end of west abutment of Grand Trunk Railway bridge over St. Regis River;

bronze tablet stamped "191 ALBANY 1904" 190.807

Hogansburg, in foundation wall of St. Patrick's Church; J-inch bolt (Deep Waterways

P B.M. p.) 177.850

Jefferson And St. Lawrence Counties.

ALEXANDRIA BAT, CLAYTON, THEBESA, AND (ITATEBTOWN (jUADBANGLES.

The elevations published in the following list are based upon the latest adjustment "lights of permanent bench marks established in the course of precise leveling under the Uted States Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways, at Clayton, Fishers Landing, Alexandria Bay, and Chippeway village, in the vicinity of Cape Vincent. The leveling was done 1900 under the general direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Wm. Kelley, evelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with the letters ''CAPE VINCENT" in addition to figures of elevation which accord with the elevations as published by the board 1903; the latter are approximately 1 foot higher than the accepted elevations herewith Published.

CLAYTON QUADRANGLE. CLAYTON, SOUTH VIA CLAYTON CENTER AND DEPAUVILLE, TO LIMERICK.

p *yton, southwest comer of Catholic Church, in water table; copper bolt 278. 815

*yton, James street, in front of Mrs. Linnell's residence, on back part of top of fire hydrant;

Copper bolt stamped CAPE VINCENT 289 " 287. 631

yton Center, residence of Merritt Lengenfelter, on west face of building at south corner in

jjstone foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped "CAPE VINCENT 423" 422.071

at crossroads in east corner of stone foundation wall under residence of Ira Gillett;

Aluminum tablet stamped " 299 CAPE VINCENT " 297. 525

itjh River, stone schoolhouse, in northeast corner of water table; bronze tablet stamped

"338 Cape Vincent" 336.950

62 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Limerick, Northwest Via Chaumont, To Threemile Bav.

Feet. Chaumont, Main street, in north face of buttress at northwest comer of Hiram Copley's stone

office building; ahimlnum tablet stamped 295 CAPE VINCENT" 293.425

Threemile Bay, Baptist Church, in southeast corner of foundation wall; aluminum tablet

stamped "266 CAPE VINCENT" 264544

Threemile Bay, North Via St. Lawrence, To Clayton.

St. Lawrence, 225 feet north of crossroads, on east side of road, on large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped "357 CAPE VINCENT" : 356.269

Clayton, Southeast To Lafargeville.

Clayton, north side of Water street, in limestone water table on west side 1.85 feet northerly from the southwest comer of the Barker brick building; aluminum tablet stamped "257 CAPE VINCENT ' 256.248

Clayton, 1.9 miles from, north end of west abutment of iron bridge on New York Central Railroad, northeast comer of top step; chiseled mark 325. 49

Limerick, South To Dexter.

Dexter, brick schoolhouse, 2 feet easterly from northwest comer of main building, in limestone water table on north side; aluminum tablet stamped " 326 CAPE VINCENT " 32i 395

Theresa Quadrangle.

Limerick, East Via Brownville, To Felts Mills.

Brownville, in front of station; top of rail 32i8

Brownville, brick schoolhouse at five comers, midway of front building and 3.2 feet above surface of ground, in limestone foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped CAPE VIN- CENT" 35i243

Sanford, in front of station; top of rail 470.3

Felts Mills, bridge over North Branch of Black River, on east end of south abutment (Island abutment); bronze tablet stamped *'583 CAPE VINCENT". 582.456

FELTS MILLS NORTH TO EVANS MILLS (SINQLE-SPim LINE).

Evans Mills, at southeast comer of crossroads, in north face of limestone building of Wesley Rulison (post-office building), 2.3 feet east of northwest comer; bronze tablet stamped "431 CAPE VINCENT "a 430.88

Lafarqeville, East To Theresa.

Lafargeville, Orleans Hotel (stone building), in southeast comer; aluminum tablet stamped

" 381 Cape Vincent " 380.461

Theresa, stone high school on Main street, in water table in north face and near northwest

comer of belfry tower; aluminum tablet stamped " 376 CAPE VINCENT " 375. 915

Perch River, Northeast To Stone Mill Post-Office (Single-Spur Line).

Stone Mill post-office, north side of limestone store and dwelling of John Irwin, about 2.6 feet west of northeast comer; bronze tablet stamped " 359 CA PE VINCENT " 358. 293

ALEXANDRIA BAT QUADRANGLE. THERESA, NORTH TO REDWOOD, THENCE WEST TO ALEXANDRIA BAY.

Redwood, the Dollinger House (hotel), east side and northeast corner of foundation wall;

aluminum tablet stamped "365 CAPE VINCENT" C64,786

Alexandria Bay, Reformed Church, 29.9 feet north-northeast from the northwest comer, in

ledge in church lot; aluminum tablet stamped 283 CAPE VINCENT " 282. 267

Lafargeville, North Via Omar To Fishers Landing.

Omar, 420 feet northerly from intersection of Fishers Landing and Collins Landing roads, in bed rock on sandstone ledge, west side of the Collins Landing road, and on line with northerly side of the Omar schoolhouse, and distant 51.62 feet from northwest comer of schoolhouse; bronze tablet stamped 297 CAPE VINCENT".-. 295.745

Fishers Landing, crossroads near, 72.6 feet from the south corner of Mrs. Tom's residence and 131 feet northwest of the west corner of a house on the opposite side of the road; top of a round-headed J-inch brass bolt b cemented into bed rock 6 inches below surface of ground. . . 27i 351

a The elevation of this by line south from Theresa, discarded, is 1 foot lower, therefore above elevation may be 1 foot too great,

ways Commiaaion,

Primary Leveling. 68

Redwood, North Via South Hammond To Chippewa Village.

Feet.

Cliippewa Village, stone schoolhouse, District No. 11, 1 foot easterly from the northeast comer,

setinbed rock; bronze tablet stamped "289 CAPE VINCENT" 287.768

CUippewa Village, stone schoolhouse. District No. 11, north face of northeast corner; centerpunch mark of a brass bolt (permanent bench mark C. V. of the Peep Waterways Commission) 290.698

WATERTOWN QUADRANGLE. BBOWNYILLE, SOUTHEAST TO WATERTOWN (StNQLE-SPUR LINE).

Watertown, Arsenal street. State armory, front face, west end; aluminum tablet stamped

'M79Cape'. Incent" 478.087

Jefferson, Lewis, Oswego, And Oneida Counties.

BOONYILLE, CABTHAtiE, HICIHHABKET, KASOAU, MEXICO, OBWELL, POBT LEYDEN, PULASKI, AND TABEBG (jUADBANULES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark, the eleva- t,ion of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial points upon Mrhich this group of levels depends are bench marks along the precise-level line Remsen t/O Limerick herein reported, to which refer for additional elevations on Boonville, Port I-eden, and Carthage quadrangles, and a Deep Waterways bench marit at Rome recovered by the Army Engineers' precise-level line of 1902.

The leveling on Port Leyden quadrangle was done partly in 1902 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman, but mostly in 1905 under the direction of Mr. J. I. Gayetty, assistant topographer, by Mr. R. P. Thompson, levelman; the woi* on the remainder of these quadrangles was done under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings as follows: On the Boonville quadrangle, in 1901, by Mr. A. S. Havens, levelman; on the Carthage, Highmarket, Orwell, Pulaski, and Taberg quadrangles, in 1902, by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman; on the Mexico and the part of the Kasoag quadrangle lying in Oswego County, in 1903, by Messrs. G. M. Dimmick and Geo. Seidel, levelmen; and the leveFmg in Oneida County on the Kasoag quadrangle, in 1904, by Mr. L. E. Tucker. The standairl bench marks are stamped mostly with the letters "ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation, and in some cases the year. Those set in 1905 on Port Leyden quadrangle were stamped "ADJ 1903."

Port Leyden Quadrangle.

OLENJIELD, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO HOUSEVILLE. THENCE SOUTH VIA TURIN TO CONSTABLEVILLE, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO BOONVILLE.

Feet.

ouseville, 180 feet south of crossroads, in northeast comer of south abutment of highway bridge; aluminum tablet stamped " 1304 ALBANY " 1, 304. 024

Urin, at northwest comer in west side of building owned by J. E. Jones, 50 feet southeast from crossroads; bronze tablet stamped " 1264 ADJ 1903 " 1, 264. 144

2.9 miles south of, 250 feet east of house of S. S. Freeman, 150 feet south of house of C. D. Davis, at east side of three roads intersection, 4 feet east of fence, in largo rock; bronze tablet stamped '*1277 ADJ 1903" 1,276. 537

onstableville, fai southeast comer in water table of Catholic Church; bronze tablet stamped

"1260 Adj 1903" 1,259.926

onstableville, 3.4 miles southeast of, 175 feet west of road, 0.2 mile northwest, of three comers and 1.20 miles southeast of four comers, in foundation wall, east face, north comer of bam owned by Carpenter; bronze tablet stamped " 1191 ADJ 1903 " 1, 190. 281

POET LETDEN, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO FOWLERVILLE, THENCE NORTHWEST TO BRANTINGHAM, THENCE WEST TO GLENFIELD.

ort Leyden, 3.1 miles northeast of, 30 feet north of center of road, 16 feet 8 inches southeast

of pine tree, 17 feet 8 inches southwest of pine tree; iron post stamped " 1207 ADJ 1903"... 1,206.965

5*owlerville, 50 feet north of northeast abutment of highway ])ridge over Moose River, 20 feet east of center of highway, in ledge of rock; aluminum tablet stamped " 1182 ADJ 1903".. . 1, 181. 594

B'owlerville, 3.6 miles northwest of, at Gridlcs Comers, 23 feet cast of road to north, 26 feet north of east and west road, 32 feet from center of crossroads; iron post stamped " 1226 ADJ 1903" '. 1,225.959

64 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1906.

Feet. Brantingham, in center of south face of foundation wall of T. Hess's barn, 250 feet west of four

comers; aluminum tablet stamped "1250 ADJ 1903" 1,250.296

Greig, 0.2 mile south of three comers, 160 feet west of house of L. D. Hires, 20 feet north from

center of road, in flat rock: bronze tablet stamped "826 ADJ 1903" 825,925

Glenfield, in foundation wall of New York Central and lludson River depot; bronze tablet

8tamped"776 ALBANY 1900" 777.639

Boonville Quadrangle.

BOONVILLE, ALONG FUBUC ROAD AND BLACK RIVER CANAL, VIA WEST LEYDEN, STOKES AND FRENCHVILLE, TO REMSEN.

West Ley den, steel bridge over Mohawk River, east abutment, top of north end; bronze tablet stamped "1493 ALBANY 1901" .- l,49i500

West Branch, steel bridge over West Branch of Mohawk River, south abutment, top of east end; bronze tablet stamped " 1002 ALBANY 1901" .' 1,OOL800

Stokes, south entrance to hotel on northeast comer of crossroads, west end of lower step; chisel mark 634. 68

Delta, steel bridge over Mohawk River, north of State dam, top of north end of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 516 ALBANY 1901 " 516. 160

Westerville, Canal Lock No. 16, southwest hollow quoin between anchors; copper bolt 587. 622

Frenchville, Canal Lock No. 17, top of north end of west wall; copper bolt 595. 473

French ville, steel bridge over creek, top of west end of south abutment; aluminum tablet stamped "593 ALB ANY 1901" 593.300

Steuben, church on northwest angle of crossroads, near southeast comer of south foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "932 ALBANY 1901" 932.280

Caethaoe Quadrangle.

LOWVILLE, WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO GARDNERS CORNERS, THENCE NORTH VIA COPENHAGEN TO CHAMPION, THENCE EAST TO CARTHAGE.

Gardners Comers, about 5.2 miles east of, northwest comer of foundation of School No. 14 in

Martins Township; bronze tablet stamped " 1700 ALBANY " 1, 700. 643

Gardners Comers, northwest comer of post-office and general store; bronze tablet stamped

"1697 Albany" 1,697.560

Copenhagen, highway bridge over Deer River in north wing of west abutment; aluminum

tablet stamped "1174 ALBANY" 1,174.462

Champion, 400 feet south of crossroads, west wall of culvert; bronze tablet stamped "1011

Albany* 1,010.791

HIGHMABKET QUADRANGLE. HOUSEVILLE, SOUTHEAST ALONG TRAIL AND HIGHWAY, TO CLEMENS CORNERS.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Wetmore, 1 mile southeast of, Page & Fairchild Copipany lumber camp No. 6, at upper end of tramway, in the north foundation wall of camp; bronze tablet stamped " 2003 ALBANY ". 2, 002. 641

Michigan Mills (4 miles south of Page) , at entrance to trail in woods, 250 feet north by 150 feet west of mill, in bowlder; bronze tablet slumped " 1778 ALBANY " 1, 777. 526

North Osceola (Clemens Comers), School No. 4, Osceola Township, in northeast comer of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped 1591 ALBANY" 1,590.955

Clemens Corners, South To Osceola.

Osceola, southwest comer of foundation of general store and post-office; aluminum tablet stamped "1033 ALBANY" 1,032.970

Hooker, North To Gardners Corners.

Hooker, 2 miles northeast of southeast comer of Jesse Marcellus farm, 10 feet west of fence and 325 feet north of creek at the Culpepper road, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped " 1758 ALBANY" 1, 756827

Taberg Quadrangle. Camden, Southeast Along Railroad, To Rome.

Camden, southwest comer of water table of town hall; aluminum tablet stamped "620

Albany" 519.966

Blossvale, I. J. White's store, opposite station, in southeast comer of foundation; aluminum tabJet stamped ''420 ALBANY" 420.230

Pbimary Leveling. 65

Bl088Valk. Northeast Along Road To West Lbtdbn.

Feet. Point Rock, in northwest comer of foundation of and general store; bronze tablet

stamped*' 1017 ALBANY" 1,016.S96

Point Rock, about 4 miles north of, West Loyden road, in northwest wall of Jacob Kirk's

house, facing road; bronze tablet stamped "1493 ALBANY" 1.402.340

Orwell Quadrangle. Grbenboro, Ka8T Along Road To Hookkr.

Oswego-Lewis County line, 0.25 mile north of, in large bowlder on northwest side of road; aluminumtablet stamped "IflM ALBANY" 1,W6.582

Grkenboro, West Along Road To Shartville, Thence South To Altmar.

Oreenboro, on State road at post-office, in face of east wail of culvert; bronze tablet stamped "1289 ALBANY" 1,288.538

Orwell, northwest comer of crossroads, northeast comer of foundation of public fountains; bronzetablet stamped "810 ALBANY" 800.587

Clemens Corners, West To Redfield, Thence North To Oreenboro.

Redfield, in north foundation of Methodist Church; aluminum tablet stamped "952 ALBANY" 951.005

GREENBORO, NORTH VLA HIGHWAY TO SCHOOL NO. 7, LORRAINE TOWNSHIP (SINGLE- SPUR UNE).

East Boylston, 1.1 miles north of. School No. 7, Lorraine Township, Jefferson County, west side o! Greenboro-Lorraine road, in large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped " 1282 ALBANY" 1,26L160

From 3 Miles Northeast Of Altmar, Southeast To Ricard.

card, 0.5 mile north of post-office, 0.1 mile south of Orwell-Williamston Township line, in 'OQt face of foundation of Armstrong's house on west side of road; bronze tablet stamped '759 ALBANY" 758.729

Pulaski Quadrangle.

Altmar (Sand Bank), southeast comer of foundation of Union Free School; aluminum tablet stamped "577 ALBANY" 578.808

KASOAO QUADRANGLE. ALTMAR, SOUTH ALONG THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD, TO ROME.

asoag, 500 feet east of Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, northwest comer of foundation of post-office; aluminum tablet stamped "838 ALBANY " 6;i7. 817

Jlliamstown, in west foundation wall of freight depot; bronze tablet stamped "603 -A.X,BANY" ,

Camden, 160 feet east of railroad, in northwest comer of foundation of Foster's general

*tore; bronze tablet stamped "542 ALBANY" ; 541.784

Camden, North Along Road, To Osceola.

'irencp. at intersection of State road and road to Osceola, southwest comer of the foundation of O'Mara's general store; bronze tablet stamped "974 ALBANY " 973. 828

West Amboy, Along Highway Via Amboy, To Williamsburg.

st Amboy, in foundation wall of Union Church, east end of north face; aluminum tablet

tamped "588 ALBANY 1903" 587. 989

in foundation wall of Union Church, west end of south face; bronze tablet stamped

654 Albany 1903"-. 6.54.158

Cleveland, Northeast To Camden.

*Ii8, in north wall of foundation of Methodist Church; bronze tablet stamped " 571 " 571. 238

Bull. 281— Ofi 5

66 SPIRIT LEVELING IN NEW IfORK, 1896 TO 1905.

Mexico Quadrangle.

VEBMIUON, EAST ALONG HIGHWAYS VIA HEJICO, UNION SQUARE, AND SOUTH ALBION, TO KASOAQ.

Feet. Mexico, in foundation wall of pillar post of school building; alumintun tablet stamped "384

Albany 1903" 384.05

Union Square, in foundation wall of residence of E. C. Parsons, center of north face; bronze

tablet stamped*' 467 ALBANY 1903" 467.45-*

South Albion, in foundation of cheese factory, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped

"645 Albany 1905" ". 645.0Ks

UNION SQUABE, SOUTH ALONG THE ROME, WATEETOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD, TO PARISH, THENCE EAST ALONG HIGHWAYS TO WEST AMBOY.

Parish; top of southeast comer of foundation wall of station 475. 95

Parish, South Along The Rome, Wateetown And Ogdensbuhg Railroad, To

Central Square, Thence East Along The New York, Ontario And

Western Railway, To Constantia.

Hastings, 1.2 miles west of station, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, south end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped 486 ALBANY " (bench mark on single-spur line) . . 486 355

Madison, Onondaga, And Oswego Counties.

CAZENOYIA, CHlTTENANtiO, HOBBISTILLE, SYRACUSE, A3iD TULLY (jDADBANtiLES.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Nineteenth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, with a few additional elevations.

The leveling was done as follows: On Tully and most of Syracuse and Chittenango quadrangles, in 1897, under Mr. C. C. Bassctt, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; the remainder on north edge of Syracuse and Chittenango quadrangles was done in 1902 under Mr. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman; the leveling on Cazenovia quadrangle was done in 1897 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. Brown; that on Morrisville quadrangle was done partly in 1898 under Mr. Jennings, by Mr. Brown, partly in 1899 under Mr. Walker by Messrs. W. W. Gilbert and A. W. Gill, levelmen, and completed in 1904 under Mr. Jennings by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman; and that on Oneida quadrangle was done under Mr. Walker by Messrs. Gilbert and Gill. The standard bench marks set prior to 1898 were stamped "S," referring to Syracuse, with figures of elevation 1 foot too low, while those set later were referred to Albany and stamped "ALBANY," in addition to the figures of elevation.

Syracuse Quadrangle. Syracuse, South To East Onondaga.

Feet.

Syracuse, at Weigh lock, canal collector's office, at right of west entrance door; in water table, bronze tablet stamped "404 S" 404. 320

Syracuse, Geddes Street Bridge No. 90, pier at foot of west towpath stairs, at southwest corner of stairway landing; copper plug (State engineer's bench mark No. 305) 406. 230

Syracuse, station of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad; top of rail 380. 3

Syracuse, West Colvin street bridge over Onondaga Creek, north end of west abutment, northwest comer of top stone; chiseled square 405. 64

Syracuse, northeast comer of South Salina street and-Matson avenue, on stone monument; chiseled cross 418. 31

East Onondaga, northwest wing of bridge over Onondaga Creek, in coping; copper bolt stamped *'S 422" '. , 422.129

Oran, Northwest To Limestone Aqueduct.

Manlius, 1.5 miles northwest of, at High Bridge (double-arch), over Limestone Creek, in coping 5 feet from end of southwest wing; copper bolt stamped "S 507" 607. 650

Erie Canal, Limestone Creek Aqueduct, southwest coping parapet on west wing, towpath side; copper bolt (State engineer's bench mark No. 286) 434. 207

At Constantia.

Constantia, road crossing at station; top of rail 394

Constantia, northwest comer of foundation of Presbyterian Church; bronze tablet stamped "389 ALB ANY 1903" 389.608

Primary Leveling. 67

Tully Quadrangle. East Onondaga, South Up Onondaga Valley To Tully.

Feet.

Onondaga Castle, 30 feet north of hotel, 30 feet east of road, on well curb; chiseled square 519. 83

Onondaga Indian Village, 0.25 mile south of road leading to South Onondaga, 900 feet south

of cemetery and 40 feet south of small brook, in bowlder 3 feet from west road fence; copper

bolt stamped "S 460" 468.705

Solvay water tank, west side of road, opposite tank; chiseled square on north side of rim of

valvecasing 567. 57

Cardiff, 0.12 mile east of road, back of hotel, 75 feet south of brook, bowlder 6 feet broad and 2

feet high; copper bolt stamped "S 676" 676. 192

Tully Center, 1.6 mites north of , 700 feet north of road west to Vesper, 500 feet south of curve

in road, on bowlder in southwest comer of barnyard, west side of road; copper bolt stamped

"S819" 819.617

Tully, 200 feet north of Hotel Slayton, in water table of brick house on west side of road, at

southeast comer of front of house; bronze tablet stamped "1251 S" 1,251. 670

Tully, North To Jamesville, Thence West To East Onondaga.

Apulia station, 1 mile north of, on road to Syracuse, 500 feet north of white house on west side of road, 126 feet north of road summit; copper bolt in bowlder, stamped "1292 S" 1,292. 510

Onativia (0.8 mile east of Lafayette), engine water column at railway station; top of anchor bolt in northwest comer of base plate 992. 25

Jamesville, 0.75 mile south of, at east end of reservoir dam, in coping; cross mark on bronze tablet stamped "S 646" 646.493

Cazenovia Quadrangle. Apulia, East To Fabius.

Fabius, 100 feet west of crossroads. Main and Cemetery streets, in wall under west window of flat-roofed frame house; tablet stamped "1284 S" 1,284. 670

Fabius, Northeast To Delphi, Thence North To Oran.

Oran, 1.5 miles southeast of, 1.5 miles southeast of railroad crossing of Cherry Valley turnpike, 500feetnorthwestof rock cut, on north coping of cattle pass; chiseled square 1,092.08

Oran, 300 feet west of church, 20 feet north of road, copper bolt in prominent bowlder; stamped "S 793" 793.678

Fabius, South Via Keeney, To Cuyler.

Fabius, 1.75 miles south of, east end of south abutment of iron bridge; chiseled square 1,229. 79

Keeney, 500 feet east of schoolhouse, northeast wing of iron bridge, top stone; chiseled square. 1,209. 31 Cuyler, 1 mile northeast of, near end of northeast wing of iron bridge over Tioughnioga River; chiseled square 1,206. 31

Cuyler, North Via Deruyter, To Deruyter Reservoir.

Derayter, foundation of water tank, in coping, side next to track; iron bolt 1, 284. 70

Deruyter reservoir dam, west end of, south parapet of spillway arch, east end, face comer of coping; copper bolt stamped "1286 S" 1,286. 618

DERUYTER, NORTHEAST TO SHEDS CORNERS, THENCE EAST TO NEAR GEORGETOWN, THENCE NORTH TO ERIEVILLE.

Deruyter, 2.5 miles north of by 0.5 mile east of, railroad bench mark No. 92, reservoir road,

opposite old sawmill, south parapet of railroad culvert; iron bolt set in lead 1,319. 110

Sheds Comers station, 600 feet south of, Tioughnioga River railroad bridge, north abutment,

west end parapet; iron bolt set in cement (railroad bench mark No. 94) 1, 386. 063

Sheds Comers station, 600 feet south of, railroad bridge over Tioughnioga River, bridge seat,

west end of south abutment; copper bolt stamped "1383 S" 1,384. 360

Georgetown, 1.5 miles west of, on road to Sheds Comers, 75 feet north of road to Erieville, 20

feet north of brook, 15 feet west of road, 4 feet east of road fence; iron post stamped "S 1538" 1, 538. 754 Erieville, railroad bridge over road south of, on top stone, south end west abutment; chiseled

square : 1,619. 10

ERIEVILLE, NORTH VIA NELSON TO FENNER, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO CAZENOVIA, THENCE NORTHWEST TO ORAN.

Erieville, reservoir gatehouse, 6 feet west of door, in projection of bottom course; copper bolt stamped "1473 S" 1,474.117

Nelson, 600 feet south of crossroads, on face comer of bottom stone, east end ot ment of bridge; chiseled square 5l."n.

68 Spibit Leveling In New Yobk, 1896 To 1S05.

Feet.

Fanner, 1 mile south of, 1,000 feet north of Peterboro turnpike, 150 feet south of orchard, 75 feet west of road, in outcrop; copper bolt stamped "1466 S" 1, 467. 544

Cazenovia, 942 feet south of Lehigh Valley Railroad station; iron pin in northwest comer of north abutment (railroad bench mark No. 103) 1,187.713

Cazenovia, south entrance of chapel building of seminary, water table under pilaster at east side of door; bronze tablet stamped "S 1246" 1,247. 392

Cazenovia, West Shore Railroad pumping station, foundation of water tank, north pedestal next to track; chiseled square 1 , 196. 99

Cazenovia, 2 miles northwest of West Shore Railroad station; highest point of stone monument over tunnel, 40 feet north of road 1,265. 14

Chittenango Quadrangle.

Canastota, South Via Perby8Ville To Fenner.

Canastota, Peterboro Street Bridge over Erie Canal, east wing of towpath abutment; fourth

step (old canal bench mark No. 52) 433. 89

Canastota, 0.5 mile south of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; iron bolt

in culvert coping (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 1 18) 457. 406

Clockville, 400 feet south of, 15 feet east of track; water-pipe valve case south edge of bell

(Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 116) 645. 79

Cotton, 0.4 mile southwest of station, culvert for farm crossing on north side of track; iron

bolt in coping (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 114) 758. 016

Perry ville, crossroads, new schoolhousc on site of old church, comer to right of front entrance,

hi stone foundation; tablet stamped "1103 ALBANY" 1, 103. 431

Constantia, East To Cleveland.

Cleveland, opposite station, west end of concrete wall; bronze tablet stamped "416 ALBANY 1903" 416.504

Morrisville Quadrangle.

FENNER, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO PETERBORO, THENCE SOUTH VIA MORRISVILLE TO

Georgetown, Thence Northwest To Erieville.

Peterboro, side of schoolhouse, 15 feet from rear comer, in stone foundation; tablet stamped "1320 ALBANY" 1,321.183

Morrisville, front of county jail, 7 feet from west comer, in stone foundation; tablet stamped "1325 ALBANY" 1,326.259

Morrisville station, north line of; top of rail 1 , 226. 84

West Eaton, front of schoolhousc, right of entrance, 1 foot from comer, in stone foundation; tablet stamped "1395 ALBANY" 1,395.675

GEORGETOWN STATION, EAST TO EARLVILtE.

Georgetown station, 1.75 miles southeast of, 10-foot span bridge over stream, north end of east abutment, 2.5 feet below top; iron bolt 1 , 493. 92

Lebanon, 60 feet north of station, east of street, in foundation wall near southwest comer store; tablet stamped "1346 ALBANY" 1,346.997

Earlville, North To Bouckville, Thence West To Morrisville.

Hamilton, Hamilton Bank building, in water table, 2 feet west of northeast comer; aluminum tablet stamped "1126 ALB ANY" 1,126.038

Hamilton, 1 mile north of; top of northwest comer of east abutment of railroad bridge over old canal '. 1 , 126. 91

Bouckville, north side of stone building occupied by Coc & Brockett's store, 2 feet above ground, 1 foot west of northeast comer; aluminum tablet stamped "1149 ALBANY" 1,149. 634

Earlville, Northeast To Poolville.

Poolville, in foundation wall of milk station, east end of south face; bronze tablet stamped "1098 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 1,098.566

Morrisville, North To Durhamville.

Munnsville, Dexter & Davis's building used as store and post-office, in south side of stone foundation, 15 feet east of southwest comer; aluminum tablet stamped "679 ALBANY". 679. 661

Pbikary Leveling. 69

Broome, Chenango, Cortland, And Madison Counties.

APALACHIN, BINGHAMTON, COBTLAND, COTKNTBT, tiBEENE, HABFOBD, NINETEH, KOBWItH, PITCHEB, AND KIDNEY ADBANOLEK.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment. The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, as follows: On Sidney and Norwich and on part ef Oxford quadrangles, in 1900, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and the remainder of all in 1900 by Mr. W. E. Green, levelman, except lines to Smithfield Flat on Greene quadrangle in 1902, by Mr. C. W. Marvin, and the work on Nineveh quadrangle, which was done in 1902 by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman. The standard bench marks aro stamped 'ALBANY" in addition to the figures elevation.

APALACHIN QUADRANGLE. FLEMINQSVILLK, NOBTH ALWNO HIGHWAY TO SPEEDVILLE.

Feet. Weltonville, highway bridge, southwest comer of south abutment; bronze tablet stamped

"930 A" 931.136

Owego, Via The Lehigh Valley Railroad To Newark Valley.

Flemingville, waiting room at station; top of doorsill 907. 23

Newark Valley, 900 feet south of station, at northwest comer of iron Bridge No. 299 A, on

abutment; bronze tablet stamped "961 A" 961. 634

Newark Valley, waiting room at station; doorsill 967. 03

Union, North Along Highway, To Maine (Single-Spur Une).

Union, Duane street crossing west of station; top of rail 833.3

Union Center, Andrew & Pitcaim's store, northwest side of; mark on water table 879. 82

Maine, northwest comer of Methodist Episcopal Church; aluminum tablet stamped "915

Albany" 916.700

Union, South Along Highway, To Vestal Center (Single-Spur Line).

Union, southwest comer of Union Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped *'830

Albany" 830.751

Vestal, at Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad station, road crossing; top of rail. . 828. 7 Vestal Center, 975 feet east of, in northeast comer of abutment of iron highway bridge over Big Chocount Creek; bronze tablet stamped "985 ALBANY" 985.274

Binghamton Quadrangle.

Kirkwooo, West To Hawleyton (Single-Spur Line).

Hawleyton, northeast comer of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tJ.blet stamped **1277 ALBANY" 1,277.314

Binghamton To West Chenango (Sinqle-Spur Une).

West Chenango, Abbot Methodist Episcopal Church, in southeast comer of wall; bronze tablet stamped " 1387 ALB ANY " 1,388.018

BINGHAMTON, NORTH ALONG DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO CHENANGO FORKS.

Chenango Bridge, In front of station ; top of rail, south-bound track 886. 7

Cbenango Forks, 0.1 mile north of Delaware, Lackawanna and Wostem station, iron highway bridge across Tioughnioga River, in southwest abutment, northwest wing, end stone of top

course; bronze tablet stamped " ALBANY " 897. 457

Nineveh Quadrangle.

HARPERSVILLE, SOUTH ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO LANESBORO, PA.

Harpersville, 1,250 feet west of, southwest corner of coping atone of abutment of iron trestle

bridge No. 97; bronze tablet stamped " 1051 ALBANY " 1,049.041

Centreville, in front of station; top of rail 966. 5

East Windsor, in front of station, top of rail 988.2

Windsor, in south wall at southeast of foundation of I*resl;.yterian Church; bronze tablet stamped "972 ALBANY" 972.917

a Set by party under State engineer, as substitute for former one in vicinity which was removed.

70 8Pibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet. Stateline, 1 mile north of post-office, east side of river road, east side of river, at School No. 14, Windsor Township, in northwest comer of foundation of W. W. Watrous's house; bronze tablet stamped "960 ALB ANY" 961. 147

Greene Quadrangle.

CHENANGO FOBKS, NORTHEAST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO GREENE.

Willard, in front of Station; top of rail 901.0

Qreene, Main street crossing; top of raU. 1 916. 1

Gfeene, town hall, in foundation stone under middle column; bronze tablet stamped ''923

Albany" 923.910

Qreene, waiting room at station; doorsill. 917. 25

CHENANGO FORKS, NORTHWEST ALONG DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO USLE.

Barker, road crossing near station; top of rail 937. 6

Barker, northwest comer of abutment of highway bridge; bronze tablet stamped "934

Albany" 934.192

Whitney Point, waiting room at station; doorsill 956.26

Whitney Point, at road crossing north of station; top of rail 955.9

East Pharsalia, Southwest To Smithville Flats (Sinole-Spur Line).

McDonough, east foundation wall of Emanuel Baptist Church, 3 feet from southeast comer;

aluminum tablet stamped " 1418 ALBANY" 1,418.666

Smith ville Flats, in stone foundation of Presbyterian Church, 1 foot west of southeast comer;

bronze tablet stamped "1033 ALBANY 1902" 1,033.997

Lisle, North Along Highway, To Cincinnatus.

Willett, southeast comer of foundation wall of Hotel Ingall; bronze tablet stamped " 1039 ALBANY" 1,039.527

Sidney Quadrangle.

Sidney, Northwest Along The New York. Ontario And Western Railway, To

Guilford.

New Berlin Junction, north side of station at railroad crossing; top of east rail 1,084. 4

Parker, at road crossing near station; top of rail 1, 423.

Guilford, at road crossing by station; top of rail 1 ,620. 6

Guilford, northwest comer of Episcopal Church, front face; aluminum tablet stamped " 1511

Albany" 1,511.722

Coventry Quadrangle.

GUILFORD, ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO NORWICH.

Summit, in front of station; top of rail 1,623.0

Oxford, at road crossing near station; top of rail 1,399.1

Afton, North Along Highway, To Coventryville (Sinole-Spur Line).

Coventryville, Wm. Lyman's store, 8 feet from northeast comer, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped 1435 ALBANY " 1,435.291

GREENE, NORTHEAST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD,

To Oxford.

Brisbin, 500 feet west of station, in north end of cast abutment of highway bridge over Chenango River; bronze tablet stamped "027 ALBANY" 927.277

Coventry, waiting room at station ; doorsill 959. 00

Oxford, Water street crossing; top of rail 969. 5

Oxford, waiting room at station; doorsill 971.93

Oxford, southeast comer of Citizens' Opera House, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet

stamped "982 ALBANY" 982.402

Primary Leveling. 71

Norwich Quadrangle.

NORWICH, NORTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO EARLVILLE.

Feet.

Norwich, at Main street crossing of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad; top of rail : 1,006.7

Norwich, southeast comer of county court-house, on Broad street, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "1015 ALBANY 1900" 1,015.216

Galena, North Norwich, at railroad crossing near station; top of rail 1,030. 8

Galena (North Norwich post-office), culvert of the New York, Ontario and Western Railway, east side of top of north abutment; bronze tablet 1,023. 181

£arlville, in brickwork of schoolhouse, 1 foot to right of front door; tablet stamped "1100 ALBANY" 1,100.296

Norwich, Northwest Via Plymouth And Otselic, To Georgetown Station.

Beaver Meadow, in north face of Methodist Church; bronze tablet stamped 1484 ALBANY

1900" 1,483.860

Otselic, 500 feet east of hotel, west side of iron highway bridge, on top of south abutment; -

aluminum tablet stamped " 1331 ALBANY 1900" 1,331.035

SOUTH PLTMOX7TH, ALONG HIGHWAYS WEST TO NORTH PHARSALIA, THENCE SOUTH TO EAST PHARSALIA (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

East Pharsalia, southeast comer of wall to chapel, 1,000 feet south of hotel; bronze tablet stamped '1557 ALBANY 1900" 1,557.240

PrrCHBR QUADRANGLE. . SOLON, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE AND CENTRAL NEW YORK RAILROAD, TO WILLETT.

East Freetown, at road crossing ; top of rail 1 , 323. 6

Reubens (milk station) ; top of rail 1 , 227. 3

Whites Mills, in front of station; top of rail 1,109.6

Dutch HUl, road crossing; top of rail. 1, 131. 49

Cincinnatus, Northeast Along Highway, To Otselic.

Cinoinnatus, in northeast comer of brick building of J. W. Osgood, opposite hotel; bronze tablet stamped "1045 ALBANY" 1,044.756

North Pitcher, west side of highway, in foundation wall of post-office; bronze tablet stamped "1166 ALBANY" 1,166.612

Pitcher, North To Uncklaen (Single-Spur Line).

Lincklaen, at west comer of First Congregational Church, in front wall; bronze tablet stamped "1192 ALBANY" 1,192.683

Truxton, Northeast Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Cuyler.

Cuyler, 0.25 mile east of, 500 feet east of north and south road, 4 feet south of track, in bowlder;

copper bolt stamped " 1256 S " 1,257. 305

Cuyler, at road crossing near station; top of rail 1, 127. 1

Harford Quadrangle.

LISLE, NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO MESSENGERVILLE.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Lisle, 100 feet north of station, at road crossing; top of rail " 972. 4

Lisle, southeast corner of schoolhouse No. 1 ; bronze tablet stamped " 975 ALBANY " 975. 166

Killawog, waiting room at station; doorsill 1,001.03

Marathon, Main street crossing; top of rail 1,041. 3

Marathon, waiting room at station; top of rail I,04i3.0

Marathon, 1.5 feet from northwest comer of Peck Memorial Library, in water table; bronze

tablet stamped "1019 ALBANY" 1,019.821

Messengerville, at road crossing near milk station; top of rail 1,0.55.7

Messengerville, road crossing near station; top of rail 1,055. 6

72 8Pibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Maine, North To Nanticoke (Sinole-Spur Line).

Feel;. Nanticoke, at north corner of house of Mrs. Mary Councilman, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped " 1100 ALBANY" hlBl.OU

NEWARK VALLEY, NORTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO POINT 4 MILES SOUTH OF DRYDEN.

Berkshire, in front of station; top of rail 1,042.7

Berkshire, Methodist Episcopal Church, north side of west or front entrance; bronze tablet

stamped 1056 A " 1,055.658

Berkshire, 0.2 mile north of, at crossing near milk station ; top of rail 1 , 046. 1

Richford, waiting room at station ; doorsill 1 , 100. 02

Richford, at road crossing near station; top of rail 1,098.6

Richford, 0.1 mile north of JL/ehigh Valley Railroad station; bench mark under water tank, on

southwest foundation stone 1, 100.34

Harford Mills, waiting room at station; doorsill 1, 152. 44

Harford, waiting room at station; doorsill 1,185.62

Harford, in north front of Harford Methodist Episcopal Church; aluminum tablet stamped

"1196A" 1,185.861

Oortland Quadrangle.

MESSENGER VILLE, NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO CORTLAND.

Blodgett Mills, at road crossing near station; top of rail 1,082.9

Blodgett Mills, 1,000 feet north of station, on west side of track, in retaining wall; bronze tablet stamped " 1086 ALBANY " 1,086.336

Messengerville, West Along Highway To Virgil (Single-Spur Une).

Virgil, northeast comer stone of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped " 1421 ALBANY" 1,421.249

CORTLAND, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE AND CENTRAL NEW YORK RAILROAD, TO SOLON.

McGrawville, South street crossing; top of rail 1, 150. 2

Maybury, switch at flag station; top of rail 1,247. 7

Solon, crossing at milk station; top of rail 1,311.4

Solon, in njathwest comer wall of William Corcoran's house; bronze tablet stamped "1308 ALBANY" 1,308.000

Cortland, Northeast Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad. To Truxton.

Lorrings (flag station), at road crossing; top of rail 1, 105.9 -

East River (flag station) , at road Grossing; top of rail 1,132.8

East Homer, in front of station; top of rail 1, 132. 3

East Homer, waiting room at station; doorsill 1, 134. 29

Truxton, waiting room of station; doorsill 1, 156. 78

Tmxton, in front of station; top of rail 1, 154. 7

Tmxton, comer of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped 1159 ALBANY". 1,159.006

ITHACA JUNCTION, NORTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO TULLY.

Cortland, waiting room at station; doorsill 1,114.22

Cortland, State Normal School building, north side of east entrance; aluminum tablet

stamped 1122 "ALB ANY" 1,121.855

Homer, James street crossing; top of rail 1, 132. 9

Homer, waiting room at station; doorsill 1, 132. 82

Little York, at road crossing; top of rail 1, 162.

Preble, at road crossing; top of rail 1, 188. 3

Preble, Presbyterian Church, in southeast comer of wall; bronze tablet stamped "1212

Albany" 1,212.554

Cortland, Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To M'Lean.

Cortland, Lehigh Valley station ; waiting-room doorsill 1, 130. 32

McLean, £. O. Oalloup's store, on east side of wall; chiseled cross 1,119.74

Primaby Leveling. 73

Cayuga, Chemung, Onondaga, Tioga, And Tompkins Counties.

AUBURN, DBYDEN, MOBATIA, OWEtiO, SKANEATELE8, AND WATEBLY <{UADBAN6LES.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth and Twentieth Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey, with additional work on Owego quadrangle. Leveling done by the Lehigh Valley Railroad was employed extensively in the readjustment. For additional elevations on Owego and Waverly quadrangles see " Precise leveling."

. The leveling on Auburn, Skaneateles, and Moravia quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, mostly by Mr. A. B. Pomme, levelman; that on Waverly and Dryden and part of Owego quadrangles was done in 1898 under the direction of Mr. R. D. Cummin, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman, and the remainder on the Owego quadrangle was done in 1900 under the direction of Mr. Jennings by Mr. W. E. Green, levelman. The standard bench marks on Waverly, Dryden, and Owego quadrangles are stamped "ALBANY" or "A" in addition to figures of elevation, mostly 1 foot too low. Those set in 1896 have no datum letter and the elevations stamped are mostly 2 feet too high on Auburn and Moravia quadrangles and 3 feet too high on Skaneateles quadrangle, but the corrected elevations given on the latter quadrangle are possibly 1 foot low, though the nearest of two connections which differed by that amount was taken.

Owego Quadrangle. Owbgo. North Along Railroad To Oridletville.

Feet. Owego, in northwest comer of foundation wall of court-house; aluminum tablet stamped

"818 Albany" 818.387

Catatonk, at road crossing into sawmill yard; top of rail 849. 8

Candor, at road crossing south of station; top of rail 892. 8

Gridleyville, 0.3 mile south of, Bridge No. 10, in northeast pedestal stone; bronze tablet

stamped " 919 ALB ANY " 919.464

Gridlejrville, at road crossing; top of rail 928. 4

Owego, South Along Highway To Gibson Corners.

Owego, Main street road crossing; top of rail 807. 8

Kile triangulation station, 2.8 miles south of Owego; top of stone monument 1, 280. 349

Gibson Comers, 1.5 feet from south end of schoolhouse, in west side wall; bronze tablet stamped "1531 ALBANY" 1.531.558

Spencer, South To Halsey Valley (Single-Spur Line).

Halsey Valley, northwest comer of Dr. H. P. Vosburgh's house; bronze tablet stamped "1085 ALBANY" #. 1,065.618

Van Etten, East Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To North Candor.

Spencer, Lehigh Valley Railroad crossing; top of rail 999.9

Spencer, southwest comer of Main and Tioga streets, in water table on north side of Fisher

Block, 1 foot east of northwest comer; bronze tablet stamped " A 995 " 995. 395

East Spencer, Lehigh Valley Railroad station; top of rail 986. 3

West Candor, Lehigh Valley Railroad station; top of rail 955. 9

North Candor, Lehigh Valley Railroad station; top of rail 948. 7

Waverly Quadrangle.

Wellsburg, North Along Highway To Bree3Port, Thence East Along The

Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Erin, Thence North To Park, Thence

Southeast To Van Etten, Thence South To Waverly.

Breesport, county buildings, on west face of foundation of brick structure, 3 feet above ground and 25 feet south of northwest comer, between second and third cellar windows; aluminum tablet stamped " A 1160 " r ic- - - I'c 1, 160. 580

Erin station, Lehigh Valley Railroad; chip;?'': 7"""' ' ♦ . ' '"

northeast comer 6 leet south

Erin station, in front of east line of; top of rail 1,247.56

74 Spirit Leveling In New York, 18*6 To 1905.

Feet.

Park station, at highway crossing; top of rai! 1,506.5

Park station, 1 mile east of, on Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron pin in top at center of east abutment of trestle (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 18) 1,391.84

Park station, 1.75 miles east of, on Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron pin in top of south end of east abutment of trestle (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 19) 1, 304. 57

Swartwood, east comer of water tank; iron pin in foundation (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 21) 1,053.60

Swartwood, in front of station, opposite north line; top of rail 1,053.3

Swartwood, front of residence of Benjamin Barnes, center of foundation, north wing; ' aluminum tablet stamped "A 1054 " 1,054. 479

Van Etten, Warner street crossing of Lehigh Valley Railroad, Elmira and Cortland branch; top of rail 1,006.69

Van Etten, southeast comer of Waverly and Warner streets; water table at northwest corner of new brick building 1, 018. 84

Van Etten Jimction, crossing of Elmira, Cortland and Northem division of Lehigh Valley Railroad; top of rail 992.2

Van Etten Jimction, 0.87 mile south of, southeast abutment of iron highway bridge over Cajruta Creek, 200 feet west of Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron pin (Lehigh Valley Railroad benchmark) 970.32

RenifT, southeast comer of highway bridge over Cayuta Creek; chisel mark on shoe 916. 94

DRTDEN QUADRANGLE. NORTH CANDOR, NORTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO ITHACA. .

Willseyvillc, Stevens Ilotel, east end of walk between driveway and building; chisel mark on south end of stone step 948.38

Willseyville, 2.25 miles north of, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railrbad bridge over highway, south abutment under west rail and 2.5 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped "957" 958.250

Besemer, 1.12 miles west of, in field 50 feet north of track; hickory tree blazed "B. M. 46," spike in root (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark) 952.40

East Ithaca, 2.5 miles southeast of, 0.25 mile west of small white schoolhouse among pines on south side of track and immediately west of private road crossing; iron pin set in bowlder 20 feet north of track ( Ihigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 472) 943. 69

EasAthaca, 1.25 miles southeast of, 450 feet northwest of highway crossing and 20 feet north of track; iron pin set in large bowlder (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 49) 901.37

BESEMER, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO CAROLINE, THENCE SOUTH TO SPBEDSVILLE, THENCE WEST TO WILLSEYVILLE.

Slaterville Springs, Methodist Church; chisel mark on top of southwest comer of foundation 1,117.81

Slaterville Springs, town clerk's office, east side of building, near northeast corner, 3 feet above grnd; aluminum tablet stamped " A 1120" 1,121.400

Speedsville, O. F. Freeland's store, west side of building, 8 feet north of southwest comer, in top course of masonry foundation; aluminum tablet stamped " A 1121 " 1, 121. 939

Perryville schoolhouse, east side of road, west end of first stone'step from top, south of door; chisel mark 1,010. 19

Caroline, North To Dryden, Thence West To Etna.

Caroline, 1.25 miles north of, at West Oswego Creek, on abutment at southwest comer of bridge; chisel mark 1,305.36

Dryden, 2 miles south of, first crossing of Lehigh Valley Railroad north pf Dryden Lake; top of rail 1,162.7

Dryden, South street crossing; top of rail 1, 101. 8

Dryden, Southworth Library building, in foundation course of masonry south front of structure; aluminum tablet stamped A 1090 " 1,090. 520

Etna, Southwest Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Ithaca.

Etna, Lehigh Valley Railroad station, opposite east line of building; top of rail 1, 025. 6

Varna, 0.5 mile northeast of, at iron highway bridge over Fall Creek, west end of south abut-

;e4;i5ffinark..:T.r...r 956.43

"Vama, opposite west line of station; top of rail 997.5

Vama, 1.5 miles southwest of, 1,200 feet west of milepost 52, on north side of track; iron

pin set in bowlder (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 51) 935. 55

East Ithaca, 0.5 mile northeast of, abutment at southwest comer of iron highway bridge over Cascadilla Creek ; iron pin ( Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 502) ...:..: : 866. 88

Primary Leveling. 75

Feet.

East Ithaca, opposite south line of station; top of west rail, main track 873.

Ithaca, south end of Cornell University civil-engineering building, bottom course of foundation, 5 feet east of southwest comer; aluminum tablet stamped " A 814 " 815. 107

MORAVIA QUADRANGLE. ETNA, NORTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO M'LEAN.

Fpeeville, Lehigh Valley Railroad freight house, west side of fourth pedestal from south end under freight platform; chisel mark 1,047. 30

McLean, north of small bridge at west side of square and south of store and post-office, in east wall of mill race; chiseled square marked " U. S. G. S. 1123" 1,119.61

M'LEAN, WEST TO MIDWAY, THENCE NORTH TO NORTH LANSING, THENCE NORTHEAST TO LOCKE, THENCE NORTH TO MORAVIA.

Peruville, 200 feet east of station, iron highway bridge, on southeast bridge seat; chiseled

square 1,026.95

Peruville, 2.25 miles west of, in southeast comer of intersection of road running south, on

southeast comer of stone step to front entrance of schoolhouso; chiseled square 1, 396. 82

Benson Comers, 0.33 mile south of, under most northerly of four butternut trees nearly

opposite farmhouse, in bowlder in east fence; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S. 1320 ft.". . 1,317.900 Midway, 1 mile north of, about 200 feet south of road running east and west, on southwest

bridge seat of small bridge; chiseled square 983. 20

Korth Lansing, R. Beardsley's store, south of and close to building; iron post stamped

"U.S. G. S. B. MlOOSFt." 1,001.986

Locke, 3 miles southwest of, bridge at crossroads, on southeast bridge seat; chiseled square. 941. 63 Locke, George Culver's store, comer of Main and Mill streets, on top of curbstone; chiseled

square 793. 07

I-ocke station, railroad bridge over Owasco Inlet, 3,260 feet north of station; iron bolt

cemented in southeast abutment 781.77

Sayles Corners, Southwest To Moravia.

'ilson Comers, top of retaining wall at blacksmith shop, in limestone bowlder; chiseled

square 1, 091. 24

idontville, grist mill north of blacksmith shop, in northeast comer of road running east, west

step stone to stairs ; chiseled square 913. 67

<foravia, Moravia House, comer of Cajniga and Main streets, in northeast comer of foundation; bronze tablet stamped " 743 " 740.480

Woravia, Church street,'at top of schoolhouse hill, capstone at north end of culvert; chiseled .

square 869.91

Moravia, East Along Highway To Dre88Erville, Thence South To M'Lean.

resserville, Kenyon's tannery lower dam, on eighth step from top of east wing; chiseled

square 1 , 278. 77

resserville, George Fritz's sawmill and gristmill, in west end of doorsill to south door of

boiler house; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1291 ft." 1,286.680

Como, opposite, 100 feet north of intersection of road running west, on stone at foot of

Southwest wing wall of small bridge; chiseled square 1,332.47

Proton City, 2.25 miles north of, west abutment of Fall Creek Bridge, on capstone of north

Wing; chiseled square 1,292.33

J'oton City, 0.25 mile north of, farm of George A. Bliss, 150 feet east of dwelling house and

125 feet east of road; copper bolt in bowlder stamped U. S. G. S. B. M. 1372 ft." 1, 368. 780

ayette, south end of culvert on road running east and about 150 feet east of intersection

of road running north and SQUth, on capstone; chiseled square 1,248.44

McLean, east side of North street, 60 feet south of evergreen trees planted in graveyard, on a

straight line with road fence, in bowlder opposite upper part of graveyard; copper bolt

stamped " U. S. Q. S. B. M. 1234 ft." 1,231.290

SKANEATELE3 QUADRANGLE. 8KANEATELES, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO OWASCO, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO GLENHAVEN.

kaneateles, in west wing wall of State dam, first step from top; copper bolt stamped " U. S.

G. S. B. M. 870 ft." 866.648

Owasco, brook north of, on northwest seat of iron bridge; chiseled square 792. 47

Owasco, 0.25 mile southeast of, on road to Twelve Comers, in fifth foundation stone from south end ol dry wall on oast side of north approach to small iron bridge; copper bolt 8tamped"U.S.G.S.B.M. 853 ft." 849.588

76 Spibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet.

iixsLSco, 2 miles from, on north wing stone southwest end of culvert at forks of road; chis- ' cled square 1, 175. 88

Twelve Comers, house in northeast comer of road crossing, on bowlder in front yard; chiseled square 1,391.91

Kelloggsville, opposite road from Twelve Comers, west side of maple tree and scales in front of W. D. Sayles's store, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S. B. M. 1424 ft." 1,421. 185

Sayles Comers, at south end of culvert across road from east; chiseled square 1, 587. 33

Skaneateles Lake, bridge over south inlet at intersection of roads southwest and north and south, on stone 3 feet east of southwest bridge seat; chiseled square 976. 17

Glenhaven, iron bridge at south inlet of Skaneateles Lake, on northwest bridge seat; chiseled square 868.95

Marcellus Station, South To Mabcellus.

Marcellus station, road culvert west of; southeast comer of coping stone on south wing wall 431.58

Limekiln, bridge across mill race opposite, on coping stone of north end of northeast wall; chiseled square 470. 52

Marcellus Falls, at road running east, stone arch over creek, on coping stone at west end of parapet wall; chiseled square 513. 17

Marcellus powder works, iron bridge soiith of, on southeast bridge seat; chiseled square 611.03

Marcellus, stone arch over Otisco Lake outlet (Ninemile Creek), on coping stone north of parapet wall; chiseled square 651.21

Marcellus, Main street, stone arch over Otisco Lake outlet (Ninemile Creek), in fourth coping stone east from angle at west end of north parapet wall, a little west of center; copper bolt stamped "U.S. G. S. B.M. 655 ft." 65L221

SKANEATELES, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAT TO MARIETTA, THENCE SOUTH TO GLENHAVEN.

Clintonvllle, culvert under road from south, on stone at southeast end; chiseled square 1,087.37

Marietta Hotel, at comer of roads to Clintonvllle and Rose Hill, on foundation stone north

comer of plaza; chiseled square 796. 15

Otisco Lake, highway bridge below State dam, on road from Marietta to Amber, southwest

comer of bridge seat; chiseled square 776. 86

Otisco Lake outlet, at west end of State dam, close to gate chamber; crest of spillway 782. 62

Otisco Lake outlet, east wing of State dam, in south coping stone; copper bolt stamped

" U. S. G. S. B. M. 789 ft." 786.230

Borodino, 0.5 mile north of, Thom Hill road, 215 feet south of Intersection of first road running east, in sandstone bowlder on east side of driveway; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S.

B.M. 1021ft." 1,017.634

Spafford, in northwest comer of road crossing; water table at southeast comer of church 1, 691. 74

Spafford, 0.5 mile south of, in Bmce Norton's lot, 200 feet from fence on bank of small brook, east side of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B.M. 1654 ft." 1,650.831

Moravia, North To Cascade.

Cascade Hotel, 1.25 miles northwest of, in limestone bowlder 10 feet southwest of bridge over small brook, on road running north and south; copper bolt stamped S. G. S. B. M. 1091ft." 1,088.284

Auburn Quadrangle.

CASCADE, NORTHWEST TO SCIPIO, THENCE WEST VIA BARBERS CORNERS TO LEVANA, THENCE SOUTH TO AURORA.

Cascade Hotel, 2 miles west of, on capstone of culvert in southeast comer of intersection of

road running south; chiseled square 1, 266. 58

Scipio public school, 30 feet southeast of comer of, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped U. S. G.

S. B. M. 1205 ft." 1,203.211

Scipioville, Watkins's store, on northeast comer of steps tone; chiseled square 989. 46

Barbers Comers, 250 feet south of, in limestone bowlder on east side of road under apple tree

near bridge; copper bolt stamped "849" 847.954

Aurora, Cayuga Military Academy, south door of basement, in west end of doorsill; copiwr

bolt stamped "437" 435.732

Levanna, North Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Union Springs.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Union Springs, basement door at iouth end of sanitarium, in west end of doorsill; copper boJt stamped "U.S. G. S. B. M. 421 ft." 418.680

Pbimabt Leveling. 77

Union Springs, Northwest Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Auburn.

Feet.

Half Acre, 1.25 miles southwest of railroad station, on stone near southwest comer of intersection of road to south; chiseled square 706. 76

Aurelius, on mounting block in southwest comer of four comers; chiseled squan 644. 27

Aurelius, 1.75 miles east of, on southeast bridge seat of bridge over Crane Brook; chiseled

square 635.84

Auburn, 411 feet sout,h of south side of Oenesi'te street, on cast side of track; bolt in rock

( Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark, railroad elevation 647.083) 647. 77

Auburn, south side of Genesee street, between Sherwood and streets; west side of

coping (city bench mark) 643. 17

Auburn, northwest comer of court-house; water table (city bench mark) 708. 82

Auburn, North and Market streets; top of monument near southwest comer of city hall lot

(city bench mark) 671. 76 '

Auburn, postKifltce building, Crenesee street entrance, in top of wing stone at east end of steps;

bronze tablet stamped "710 feet" 707.719

Union Springs, North Along Highway To Cayuga.

Cayuga, on northwest comer of doorsill to north door of malt house; chiseled square... 387.83 Cayuga, Cayuga and Seneca Canal, Lock No. 10, between anchors of west wing of south gate; copper bolt stamped " U. S. G. S. B. M. 392 ft." 390.420

Auburn, South Along Highway To Scipio.

Auburn, Genesee street, 2 miles south of, on Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron bolt in box culvert, 911 feet north of north side of public road 721. 13

Fleming, Methodist Episcopal Church; copper bolt in door step, south door, stamped " U. S. G. S. B. M. 912 ft." 910.051

Throopsville, Southwest Along Highway To Cayuga.

Throopsville, 1.75 miles east of; iron bolt in foundation of culvert 201 feet north of point of switch (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark) 546.060

Throopsville, north side of road just east of four comers, on southeast comer of stone horse block; chiseled square 516. 36

Fosterville, 3 miles west of, 800 feet east of canal, south side of road, on granite bowlder horse block in front of wood-colored house; chiseled square 408.87

Cayuga, Monroe, Onondaga, Oswego, And Wayne Counties.

BALDWINSYILLE, CLYDIC, FULTON, MACEDON, OSWEtiO, PALMYRA, ROCHESTER, AND WEED8P0RT QUADRANGLES.

The elevations in the following list are the result of the readjustment of primary levels previously reported in Appendixes to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey. The leveling was done as follows: On Rochester, Macedon, and Palmyra quadrangles and part of Clyde quadrangle under Mr. J. H. Wheat, topographer, in 1898, and the remainder on the Clyde quadrangle under Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, in 1899; on Rochester quadrangle, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and on the other quadrangles by Messrs. Semper and D. E. Baxter, level men. The leveling on Oswego, Weedsport, and Baldwinsville quadrangles was done in 1898 under Mr. E. B. Clark, topographer, by Mr. Baxter, and that on Fulton quadrangle was done also in 1898, under Mr. Clark, by Messrs. Semper and Baxter. The standard bench marks are stamped mostly "OSWEGrO" in full or abbreviated, in addition to figures of elevation, which are mostly 1 foot low.

Fulton Quadrangle. Oswego, South Via Fulton To Hinmansville.

Feet. Minetto, State dam, west side of Oswego River, southeast comer of third bulkhead pier on

top of surface; aluminum tablet stamped "302 A" 303.344

Minetto, 0.07 mile south of, Oswego Canal, between cinchers of middle gate; copper bolt

(canal bench mark at Lock No. 12) 308. 64

Minetto, 1.3 miles south of, south wing of west abutment, second step; copper bolt (canal

bench mark at bridge) 311 . 28

Minetto, 3.0 miles south of, Oswego Canal, between cinchers of middle gate; copper bolt

(canal bench mark Guard Lock No. 4) 311.99

78 Spirit Leveling Ik New Yokk, 1896 To 1905.

Feet.

Mlnetto, 4.7 miles south of, Oswego Canal, Lock No. 11, middle hollow between cinchers; copper bolt (L. S. B. M. No. 129) 320. 18

Minetto, 5.5 miles south of, Oswego Canal, on first stone step, south end abutment; copper bolt (L.S.B.M.No.128) 322.47

Minetto, 5.9 miles south of, Oswego Canal, in first step of abutment, south end; copper bolt (L.S.B.M.No.127) 323.16

Minetto, 6.1 miles south of, Oswego Canal, on north hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt (L. S. B. M. No! 126) 329.025

Minetto, 6.2 miles south of, Lock No. 9, in middle hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt (Oswego Canal bench mark) 337. 15

Fulton, northwest comer of town hall. South First street, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped "363 A" 364.543

Fulton, 0.5 mile south of, Oswego Canal, Lock No. 8, on lower hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt (L.S.B.M.No.l25) 347.946

Fulton, 0.8 mile south of, Oswego Canal, first step of abutment, south end; copper bolt (canal bench mark) 351 . 00

Fulton, 0.9 mile south of, Oswego Canal, Guard Lock No. 3, in lower hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt (canal bench mark) 352.03

Fulton, 4.3 miles south of. Lock No. 7, in middle hollow quoin between cinches; copper bolt (canal bench mark) 353. 52

Fulton, 5.5 miles south of, Oswego Canal, unused lock, in lower hollow quoin; copper bolt (canal bench mark) 359.89

FULTON, EAST TO GILBERTS MILLS, THENCE NORTH TO VERMILION, THENCE WEST

To Oswego.

Gilbert Mills, southeast comer of schoolhouse, District No. 5; aluminum tablet stamped

"435 Oswego" 436.144

Vermilion, on southeast comer of Methodist Church, Main street; aluminum tablet stamped

"422 Oswego'* 422.559

South Scriba, on north side of Uall road, in southeast comer of Ladies' Aid Society hall;

aluminum tablet stamped "400OSWGO" 401.517

Lansing, on northeast comer of brick schoolhouse; chiseled square 418. 84

Oswego, at Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg railroad crossing, on Hall road; top of west

rail 322.1

Fulton, Southwest To Bowens Corners.

Fulton, 1.9 miles west of, 30 feet east of road to south, south end of west abutment of highway bridge over Lye Creek; chiseled square 371. 84

Bowens Comers, south door of brick schoolhouse. District No. 5, on stone doorstep; aluminum tablet stamped "449 OS WGO" 449.603

Baldwinsville Quadrangle.

Hinmansville, South Via Baldwinsville To Newport.

Hinmansvillc, Oswego Canal, Lock No. 6, in lower hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt (canal bench mark) 360.68

Phoenix, Culvert street, Oswego Canal, in second step of bridge abutment, south end; copper bolt (canal bench mark) 364.88

Phoemx, northwest comer of Union Academy, Bridge and Cherry streets. Cherry street front, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped ' '394 OSW GO ' ' 395. 020

Phoenix, Oswego Canal, in second step of abutment, south end, on Bridge street; copper bolt stamped '364 A" (canal bench mark) 365.000

Phoenix, Oswego Canal, Guard Lock No. 1, in upper hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt stamped "363 A" (canal bench mark) 364.400

Baldwinsville, southeast comer of Free Academy, Elizabeth street; aluminum tablet stamped "423 OS WGO" -424.348

Warners, 700 feet east of crossroads, Mr. Ilawley's brick dwelling, in east end of stone water tabLe; aluminum tablet stamped "477 OSWGO" 478.190

Newport, at Warners, southwest corner of hotel bam, 30 feet north of canal; chisel mark on bowlder (Erie Canal bench mark) 412. 587

Bowens Corners, South To Peru.

Plainville, 300 feet west of four comers at center of town, north side of road. In top step of schoolhouse. District No. 5; aluminum tablet stamjxjd "403 OSWGO" 403.689

Peru; highway bridge over Erie Canal, towpath abutment, in west end of bottom step; copper bolt (N.Y.S.B. M. No. 324) 413.643

Pbimaby Leveling. 79

JORDAN (set from CANAL BENCH MARK 330).

Feet. Jordan, in Jordan Academy, front of building, 3 feet oast of door, in stone water table; aluminum tablet stamped OS W 00 481" 480. 505

Osweoo Quadrangle. Red Creek. Nobtueast To Oswego.

Red Creek, on Second street, Red Creek Academy, 225 north of Rome, Watcrtown and Ogdensbuig Railroad, on west side of street; aluminum tablet in stone foundation stamped 0SWGO" 356.410

Ited Creek, 200 feet west of station, road crossing; top of rail 335. 3

Sterling, 2.1 miles southwest of, railroad bridge over highway, fourth step of east wing of north abutment; chiseled square 339. 48

Sterling, at crossing of the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg and the Lehigh Valley railroads; top of rail 321.

Hannibal, schoolhouse.on Oswego street, in stone doorsill of north entrance; aluminum tablet stamped "354 OSWOO" 365.057

Oswego, 3.5 miles north of, wharf line of south side of basin, 5 feet from east face of old United States stone pier at foot of West Third street; top of iron bolt flush with top of masonry, stamped '*U.S. + B.M." 251.898

Oswego, northeast comer of post-ofRce building, comer of Oneida and West First streets, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped 295 0SWGO" 296.753

Weedsport Quadrangle.

STERUNG STATION, SOUTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO CATO, THENCE SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO CONQUEST, THENCE SOUTH TO PORT BYRON.

Ira, highway crossing 200 feet north of station; top of cast rail, main track 419. 7

Ira station, about 700 feet southwest of station, in northeast comer of water table of brick

house; bronze tablet stamped "430 OSWGO'' 431.686

Cato, highway crossing 200 feet north of station; top of east rail, main track 419.

Cato, northwest comer of Main and North streets, southeast comer of water table of brick

bmlding; aluminum tablet stamped 461 OS W GO " 462. 811

Conquest, 0.6 mile south of, east side of road, in south side front of brick house, in water

table; bronze tablet stamped "449 A". 450. 464

Port Byron, West Shore Railroad; top of north rail 396.8

Port Byron, Canal street highway bridge over Erie Canal, east wing of towpath abutment;

copper bolt 406.63

Port Byron, highway bridge just east of Canal street, cast wing of towpath abutment; coj)-

perbolt 407.64

Port Byron, Lock No. 52, fourth step from west end of north side lock pier; copper bolt

(N.Y.362). 403.279

Port Byron, Lock No. 52, east hollow quoin south side of lock; head bolt stamped "404 A". 406.006

Montezuma And Weedsport, Set From State Engineer'S Bench Mark.

Montezuma, in northeast comer of Methodist Church, Auburn street, in foundation masonry;

bronze tablet stamped "417 OSWEGO" 417.449

Weedsport, Methodist Episcopal Church, on south side of Brutus street, in front face of east

endoflfoundationwall; bronze tablet stamped "433 OSWEGO" 433.256

Clyde Quadrangle. Clyde (Set From State Bench Marks.)

Clyde, Methodist Episcopal Church, on northeast side of Sodus street, in north end of foundation of front wall; aluminum tablet stamped "406 OSWEGO" 405.196

Wallington, East Along Highway And Railroad To Red Creek.

Alton, highway crossing; top of rail 402. 8

Dunbar, road crossing; top of north rail 393. 7

North Rose, in front of station; top of rail 387.80

Wolcott, Main street highway crossing; top of north rail 361 . 7

Wolcott, northwest comer of Main and Clyde streets, in masonr>' foundation southeast corner of Baptist Church; aluminum tablet stamped "378 OSWEGO " 379.026

Wolcott, South Along Highway To Mays Point.

South Butler, in northwest comer of schoolhouse on road east from hotel; bronze tablet stamped "399 OSWEGO 1899" 399.717

80 Spibit Leveling In New Yobk, 1896 To 1905.

Feet.

Savannah, northeast comer Main and East Church streets; top of concrete monument 420.20

Savannah, 4.8 miles south of, Barry Bridge No. 1, Western division, in top of first step of west wing of north abutment; top of copper bolt stamped "B.M.2" 395.16

North Rose, Southwest Along Highway To Lyons.

Wayne Center, in southeast comer of schoolhouse on crossroads; bronze tablet stamped "438 OSWEGO 1899" 438.942

Lyons, on west side of Broad street, between Church and Pearl streets, in Dutch Reformed Church; bronze tablet stamped "OSWEGO 437, 1899" 438.395

Lyons, Water street highway bridge over canal, east wing of towpath abutment; chiseled square i 407. 727

Palmyra Quadrangle.

Ontario, East Along Highway To Wallington.

Williamson, in front of station; top of rail 420. 2

East Williamson, at road crossing; top of rail 417.0

Sodus, highway crossing, main track; top of rail 428. 8

Sodus, southwest comer of Third Methodist Episcopal Church, on Ridge road, in water

table; aluminum tablet stamped "457 O" 458.255

Wallington, on southwest comer of stone foundation of railroad water tank; chiseled square. 405. 90

Galloway'S Bridge, Northeast Along Highways To East Palmyra.

East Palmyra, 2.3 miles southwest of, Galloway's highway bridge over Erie Canal, east wing of towpath abutment; chiseled square 449. 57

East Palmyra, Presbyterian Church, in northwest comer of water table; bronze tablet stamped "471 OSWGO" 471.826

Williamson, South Along Highway To Marion (Single-Spur Une).

Williamson, Union Academy, northwest comer of building; aluminum tablet stamped "454 OSWGO" 454.843

Marion, 500 feet north of four corners, Main street front of the Marion Collegiate Institute; aluminum tablet stamped "462 OSWGO" 462.813

Wallington, South Along The Northern Central Railway To Newark.

Wallington, 0.9 mile south of. Culvert No. 45, over Salmon Creek, northwest comer of masonry; chiseled square 405. 90

Sodus Center, 0.3 mile south of, Bridge No. 44, over Salmon Creek, on west wing of south abutment; chiseled square 411. 03

Zurich, in front of station; top of rail 441. 5

Fairville, brick schoolhouse. District No. 2, 475 feet west of Northern Central Railway, in masonry foundation, 7 feet south of front entrance; aluminum tablet stamped "456 OSWGO" 456.802

Fairville, 0.9 mile south of, railroad bridge No. 40, over Mud Creek, West end of south abutment; chiseled square 414. 21

Fairville, 2.9 miles south of, railroad bridge No. 37, over Mud Creek, west end of south abutment; chiseled square 416. 35

Newark station, of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, Northern Central Railway bridge over New York Central and Hudson River Railroad tracks, on top step, west end of south abutment; chiseled square 434. 25

Newark, Charles Street Bridge over Erie Canal, towpath side, on bottom step of east wing; chiseled square 447. 81

Newark, southwest comer of Charles and Miller streets. Miller street front of Baptist Church, 1 foot from northeast comer, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped ' *457 OSWGO ". . . 457. 570

Macedon Quadrangle. Forestlawn, East Along Highway To Ontario.

Union Hill station, road crossing near; top of rail 425. 7

Lakeside, on west wall of railroad culvert, north side of track, 600 feet west of station, on top

step; chiseled square 421. 56

Lakeside, highway crossing east of; top of rail 424.0

Ontario, in front of station; top of rail 414. 6

Primaby Leveling. 81

WEBSTEB, SOUTH ALONG mOHWAY TO FAIRPOET.

Feet. Webster, at northeast comer of Union Academy building, in water table; aluminum tablet

stamped "465 OSWOO" 466.225

Fairport, Main street, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad; top of rail 455. 8

Fairport, Main street. West Shore Railroad; top of rail 455. 6

Fairport, Union school, in water table of Church street front; aluminum tablet 498

Oswoo" 498.983

Ontaeio, South Via Walwoeth To Palmyea.

Walworth, at northwest comer of Walworth Academy building, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped ''564 OS WGO" 564.785

Palmyra, 1 mile west of. Mud Creek Aqueduct, in buttress of south wing of west abutment; aluminum tablet stamped*' 446 OSWGO" „ 446.625

Faiepoet, South To Bushnell Basin.

Bushnell Basin, Bridge No. 50 over Erie Canal, towpath abutment, inner face of west wing; bronte tablet stamped "465 OSWGO" 465.759

Rochester Quadrangle.

CHAELOTTE, EAST ALONG THE EOME, WATEETOWN AND OODENSBUEG EAILEOAO TO FOEESTLAWN.

Charlotte, upper side of water table of old light-house, at southeast angle east of the south

window; chiseled circle (United States Engineers' bench mark No. 1) 283. 168

Charlotte, Genesee River, railroad swing bridge over, on southwest comer of west abutment

of bridge, on top of parapet wall; chiseled square 257. 16

Windsor, station of Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, cement foundation of first

post of building east of station; chiseled square 278. 46

Irondequoit, in front of Lake Shore Hotel; top of rail 270. 2

Irondequoit Bay, Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad bridge over outlet of, fourth

step of east abutment, north side of track, on northeast comer; chiseled square 252. 23

Forestlawn, 0.8 mile west of, railroad bridge over Webster road, on west abutment, north

side of top step; chiseled square 266. 49

Ontario, Schuyler, Seneca, Steuben, Tompkins, And Yates

Counties.

GENETA, GENOA, OVID, PENN YAN, AND PHELPS <{UADBANtiLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the readjustment of primary levels previously reported in Appendix to the Twenty-first Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey. The leveling was done in 1899 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, as follows: On Geneva and Phelps quadrangles by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and on the remainder jointly by Messrs. Semper and W. F. Hammond, levelmen. The standard bench marks are stamped "OSWEGO," in addition to figures of elevation, which are 1 foot low.

Geneva Quadrangle.

Geneva, North To Lyons.

Feet. East X, on southwest comer of stone step of station house on Lyons and Geneva Railroad;

chiseled mark 478. 65

Mitchell (West Junius), in north face wall of post-oflice at railroad crossing; bronze tablet

stamped "491 OSWEGO 1899" 492.524

Geneva, South Along Lehigh Valley Railroad To Kendaia.

Geneva, in west face of St. Peter's Church, in water table; bronze tablet stamped "481

Oswego 1899" 481.524

Geneva, 1.9 miles south of, in west end of south abutment of Bridge No. 342, Lehigh Valley

Railroad; copper bolt 465. 52

Geneva, 6.3 miles south of, in top step west end of south abutment of Lake road overhead

Bridge No. 337, Lehigh Valley Railroad; top of iron bolt 523. 09

Varick, 1.8 miles south of, in northeast foundation stone of Lehigh Valley water tank, on

west side of road; bronze tablet stamped " 562 OSWEGO 1899 " 'iV'jiSi

Bull. 281—06 6

82 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Mays Point, South To Fayette.

Feet. Mays Point, in west wing south abutment, in third step, of Mays Canal Bridge; bronze tablet

stamped " 396 OSWEGO 1899 " 396. 642

Seneca Falls, in south face wall of Mynderse Academy, North Park street; bronze tablet

stamped " 465 OSWEGO 1899 " 466. 066

Fayette post-office, in northwest corner of Dutch Reformed Church; bronze tablet stamped

"612 Oswego 1899" 613.223

Phelps Quadrangle.

NEWARK, SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY, TO PHELPS JUNCTION, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO EAST X.

Phelps Junction, 1.2 miles east of, on east end of stone abutment of aqueduct on south side of track, 15 feet from east end of wall; chisel mark 536. 82

Phelps, southwest corner of schoolhouse, comer of Main and Banta streets; aluminum tablet stamped "542 OSWEGO 1899" 543.142

PHELPS JUNCTION, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO MANCHESTER.

Phelps Junction, 1.2 miles west of, on south side of railroad, top of stone abutment of creek bridge; chisel mark 565. 49

Clifton Springs, 3.9 miles west of, Lehigh Valley overhead bridge over Auburn branch of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, north abutment; bronze tablet stamped "611 OSWEGO 1899" 612.031

Manchester, west abutment of Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge; top of bolt (railroad bench mark No. 359) 607.44

Phelps Junction, South Along The Northern Central Railway To Bellona.

Stanley, in northwest comer of grain elevator at railway station; aluminum tablet stamped "903OSWGO 1899" 904.027

Bellona, in southeast comer of Memorial Presbyterian Church on Main street; aluminum tablet stamped " 731 OSWGO 1899"..;...T 732.207

Stanley, Southwest Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Rushville.

Rushville, in northeast corner of Methodist Episcopal Church, in water table; tablet stamped "870 OSWEGO " 871.063

STANLEY, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO CANANDAIGUA.

[The error distributed in this list is excessive.]

Ennerdale (Beula post-oflice), 30 feet south of station building, south side of railroad, on east margin of highway, in large bowlder; bronze tablet, stamped 851 OSWEGO " 851. 393

GENOA QUADRANGLE. OVID CENTER, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO ITHACA.

Ovid Center, 2.5 miles south of, set in bridge seat of cattle pass, northeast side; top of iron V. B. M. No. 325) 82L83

Farmer, corner of Main and Lodi streets, in northeast corner of Baptist Church; bronze tablet stamped ''912 " 912. 420

Farmer, 0.7 mile south of, in north wall of cattle pass, east side; top of iron bolt stamped "B. M. No. 323" 843.88

Farmer, 2.4 miles south of, 600 feet north of highway, by fence west of railroad; top of iron bolt stamped " B. M. No. 322" (L. V.) 849.18

Covert, 1.4 miles south of, on west side of railroad, set in rock; top of iron pin stamped "320"

(L. V.) , 901.41

Covert, 1.9 miles south of, on west side of railroad, 600 feet south of highway, set in rock; top of iron pin (No. 319 L. V.) 882. 08

Trumansbarg, in south face of Union School and Academy; bronze tablet stamped 1000 OSWEGO 1899" 1,000.390

Trumansburg, first crossing west of station, set in rock on north side of track; iron pin (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 318) 874. 98

Willow Creek, 3 miles south of; top of iron plug set in bowlder (L. V. B. M. No. 311) 588. Ci

Primary Leveling. 83

Ithaca, North Along Road To Scipio.

Feet. Ludlowville, in south end of bulkhead dam; aluminum tablet stamped " 481 OSWEOO "... 482. 334 Genoa, northeast corner of Hotel DeWitt, in top of retaining wall; aluminum tablet stamped

"837 Oswego" 838.591

Venice Center, north side of hotel building, in foundation stone; aluminum tablet stamped

"998 Oswego" 999.600

Ludlowville, Northwest Along Road, To Aurora.

Black Rock (Ellsworth post-office), iron bridge over Paines Creek, west abutment, in top of south wing; aluminum tablet stamped "723 OSWEGO " 724. 413

OVID QUADRANGLE. HIMROD, SOUTH ALONG THE FALL BROOK RAILWAY, TO READING CENTER.

Himrod, 500 feet north of, on west end south abutment of bridge on Northern Central Railway; chisel mark 799. 10

Pundee, on foundation of railway water tank; chisel mark 989. 52

Kendaia, South Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Hector.

Kendaia, 40 feet east of railroad on highway, in northwest comer of foundation wall of grain

elevator; bronze tablet stamped " 614 OSWEGO 1899 " 614. 856

Kendaia, 2.2 miles south of, at railroad crossing, in south wall west side of cattle pass; top '

of iron bolt (No. 329, L. V.) 648.46

Kendaia, 3.5 miles south of, 30 feet east of railroad at road crossing, in masonry road culvert;

top of iron bolt (No. 328, L. V.) 671.72

Wniard, in masonry on west side of railroad in first highway south of station; top of iron

bolt (No. 326, L. V.) 709.09

Willard, 0.8 mile south of, in top of stone cattle pass, northwest side of railroad; top of iron

bolt (No. 326, L. V.) 722.15

Willard, 3.2 miles south of, in masonry of overhead bridge on northwest side; top of iron bolt

(No. 323, L. V.) 774.17

LiOdi, 0.8 mile south of, overhead farm bridge on northwest wing in step; top of iron pin

(No. 322, L. V.) 801.22

liodi, 1.9 miles south of, in top of masonry of creek bridge on east side of railroad; top of iron

bolt (No.- 321, L.V.) 817.73

Lodi, 2.9 miles south of, in top of wall of cattle pass on northeast side of railroad; top of iron

pin (No. 320, L.V.) 829.82

Cay wood, 0.2 mile south of, top of stone culvert masonry, on southeast side; top of iron bolt

(No. 319, L. V.) 839.37

North Hector, 0.5 mile south of station, 02 mile west of railroad, in masonry of basket factory, on crossroads; bronze tablet stamped " 840 OSWEGO 1899 " 840. 639

Fayette, South Along The Lehigh Valley Railroad, To Ovid Center.

Hayt Comers, 2.2 miles north of, on southwest side of railroad, 30 feet west of road; top of iron bolt stamped " B. M. 333" (L. V.) 742.53

Hayt Comers, 1.6 miles north of, 1,500 feet east of railroad crossing, 20 feet east of red farm gate; top of iron bolt (B. M. 333 L. V.) 740.08

Trumansburg, West To East Steamburg (Single-Spur Line).

ast Steamburg, northeast comer of Sherwood's house, 200 feet northwest of northwest corner of crossroads, in east wall; bronze tablet stamped ' 1544 OSWEGO" 1, 544. 396

PENN YAN QUADRANGLE. BELLONA, SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY TO HIHROD.

-enton, in northeast corner of Methodist Church; tablet stamped "1089 OSWEGO 1899"... 1,089.814 Yan, in front face of Penn Yan Academy; aluminum tablet stamped "767 OSWEGO

1899" 768.497

M:ilo Center, in east side of church on Main street; tablet stamped "947 OS WGO 1899 " 947. 809

Himrod, Southwest Along Highway (Single-Spur Line).

himrod, 4.5 miles southwest of, small bridge 0.75 mile south of forks of road, in face of east

Wing of north abutment; tablet stamped " 1111 OSWEGO 1899 " 1, 112. 490

84 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Potter Centeb, South Via Branchfort To Catawba.

Feet. Potter Center, in east end of north abutment of iron bridge over Flint Creek; tablet stamped

"803 Oswego 1809" 893.400

Friend, on west abutment at north end of bridge; chiseled square 987. 88

Branchport, 1,200 feet east of, in south end of west abutment of highway bridge, road to Penn

Yan; tablet stamped "720 OSWEGO 1890" 720.702

Gulicksville (near Pulteney post-office), in west end north wall of iron bridge; aluminum

tablet stamped "733 OSWEGO 1800" 73a 615

Chemung, Livingston, Ontario, Schuyler, Steuben, And

Yates Counties.

BATH, ELMIBA, HAMHOKOSPOBT, NAPLES, AND WATK1N8 qVADKANOLES.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported in the Appendixes to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey, with additional work. For additional elevations on Elmira quadrangle, see " Precise leveling," pages 14-15, 22. The leveling on Elmira and Watkins quadrangles was done in 1898 under the direction of Mr. R. D. Cununin, topographer, by Mr. W. W.Gilbert, levelman; that on Hammondsport and Corning quadrangles and part of that on Bath quadrangle was done in 1899 imder Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. W. F. Hammond, levelman, and the leveling on Naples quadrangle and on the remainder of Bath quadrangle was done in 1900 under the direction of Mr. Jennings, by Mr. W. E. Green, levelman. The standard bench marks set by Hammond are stamped "OSWEGO," in addition to figures of elevation, mostly correct; and the others are stamped "D," with figures of elevation, mostly 1 foot below.

Elmira Quadrangle.

HORSEHEADS, ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY TO WATKINS, THENCE TO BURDETT.

Feet. Horseheads, Lehigh Valley Railroad, opposite southeast line of Horseheads station; top of

rail, main track 890. 8

Horseheads, men's waiting room of Northern Central station; northwest comer of stone

doorsill 900, 1 1

Pine Valley, opposite south line of Pine Valley station ; top of rail 891.

Watkins Quadrangle.

Millport, highway bridge over Catherine Creek at Millport House, in face of abutment at

southwest comer; bronze tablet stamped *709 D" 710.627

Millport, at north line of station; top of rail 750.5

Montour Falls, 1.37 miles south of, south abutment of Northern Central Railway bridge over

highway, on top stone; chisel mark 509. 77

Montour Falls, opposite north line of station; top of rail 457. 8

Montour Falls, old Schuyler County court-house, on foundation (base) of east pillar, front of

court-house; chisel mark 467. 23

Watkins, 0.5 mile south of station, on southeast comer of north abutment of Northern Central

Railway bridge over Glen Creek; chisel mark 461. 47

Watkins, Schuyler County court-house, in foundation at front, second course of stone from

top, 3 feet south of northwest comer; bronze tablet stamped " 476 D" 477. 403

Burdett, at south line of station, Lehigh Valley Railroad; top of rail 1, 003. 3

BURDETT, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO ODESSA, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO MILLPORT.

Burdett, 600 feet south of station; in north end of coping, west end of culvert under Lehi

Valley Railroad; copper bolt stamped '1002 D" 1,003.437

Burdett station, north end of coping, west end of culvert under Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron

bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 309) 1,003.592

Burdett station, 1.37 miles south of, in top course of west end of south abutment of railroad

bridge over intersection of highways; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 307) 1,019.80

Burdett station, 3 miles south of, 150 feet north of milepost 307, in top stone of east end of

small culvert under railroad; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 306) 1,041. 73

Burdett station, 4.12 miles south of, in face of west abutment of highway bridge over railroad,

near north end of abutment, 0.12 mile south of milepost 306; iron pin (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 305) 1,060.43

Pbimart Leveling. 85

Feet. Odessa, 2 miles north of, in top stone at east end of culvert under railroad, 450 feet south of

milepost 305; iron bolt (Lehh Valley bench mark No. 304) 1,071.01

Odessa, 1 .12 miles north of, in top stone at cast end of culvert under railroad, 250 feet north of

milepost 304; iron pin (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 303) 1,078. 48

Odessa, 0.12 mile north of, in coping of west end of south abutment of railroad bridge over

highway; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 302) 1,090.62

Odessa, at south end cf station; top east of rail, west track 1,093. 8

Odessa, 550 feet south of station, on west end of culvert under Ihigh Valley Railroad, in face

of coping near north end; bronze tablet stamped " 1053 I) " : 1,054.623

WATKINS, WEST VIA WATKINS STATION OF THE FALL BBOOK DIVISION NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD, TO TOWNSEND, THENCE SOUTn TO BEAVERDAM8, THENCE EAST TO if ILLPORT.

Watkins, 0.5 mile north of post-office, Steuben street, on northwest comer of south abutment of bridge over stream; chiseled cross 624.87

Watkins, opposite south line of station; top of rail 1,003.4

Watkins Glen station, at south line of; top of rail 1,009. 1

Watkins Glen station, railroad bridge over Glen Creek, on southeast comer of north abutment; chisel mark 1,009. 42

Townsend, 2 miles south of, house of W. T. Beebe on east side of Beaverdams road, on northeast comer of top step of a flight of stone steps leading from the house to the road; chisel mark 1,342.56

Beaverdams, 0.75 mile south of, on abutment at northwest comer of iron highway bridge over small stream; chisel mark 1,234.32

Beaverdams, in foundation of house of David Beardsley, center of front, second course from top; aluminum tablet stamped 1262 D" 1,263. 179

Kendalls, 1 mile northeast of, abutment at north comer of iron hiway bridge over East Creek; chisel mark 1,260.93

Millport, 2.5 miles west of, Schoolhouse No. 9, Catlin Township, at southwest comer of building, on footing course of foundation; chisel mark 1,050. 75

Wateins Station, North Alonq Highway To Reading Center.

Reading Center, in foundation south side of Baptist Church, 4.5 feet from southeast comer, fourth course from top; bronze tablet "1253 D" 1,253.894

Burdett, North Alonq The Lehigh Valley Railroad To Hector.

Burdett station, 2.75 miles north of, cast side of water tank, north pier west of track; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 312) 963.81

Burdett -station, 4 miles north of, in west end of south abutment of Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge over small stream, 100 feet north of milepost 314, back of house of J. B. Erway; copper bolt stamped "939 D " 940. 461

Burdett station, 4 miles north of, in west end of south abutment of bridge over small stream; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 313) 940.682

Hammondsport Quadrangle.

Catawba, Southwest To Hammondsport.

Urbana, in east side of wine cellar; tablet stamped "734 OSWEGO 1899" 734. 479

ammondsport, 0.25 mile south of, in west end of north abutment of bridge over inlet to Lake Keuka; tablet stamped "718 OSWEGO 1899" 718.662

Savona, Northeast Via Bradford And Tyrone, To Reading Center.

vona, in south end of east abutment of highway bridge over Cohocton River; tablet

stamped "1050 OSWEGO" 1,050.708

Bradford, in top of west end of south abutment of bridge; bronze tablet stamped "1100

Oswego 1899" 1,100.442

drone, in west end of south wall of highway bridge at gristmill; bronze tablet stamped " 1155

Oswego 1899" 1,155.231

"Itay, 1,000 feet west of, in top of north wing of east abutment of highway bridge; bronze tablet stamped "1213 OSWEGO 1899" 1,213.661

Cooper, North Via East Campbell And Monterey, To Tyrone.

Monterey, 60 feet northwest of iron bridge, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped "1212

Oswego 1899" 1,212.778

86 Spirit Leveling In New Yobk, 1896 To 1905.

Savona. Via The Erie Railroad To Painted Post.

Feet. Campbells, 700 feet north of station, south wall of railroad girder bridge, on east end of bridge

seat; chisel mark 1,007.21

Painted Post, 2 miles north of, crossing of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and the

Erie railroads; top of rail 949. 16

Painted Post, 0.8 mile west of, in southeast comer of open bridge, on precise-level line; bronze

tablet stamped "935 DUNKIRK 1898" 936.195

BATH QUADRANGLE. HAMMOND8PORT, SOUTHWEST TO BATH, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO SAVONA.

Bath, county clerk's office, at left entrance, in water table; tablet stamped " 1103 OSWEGO 1899" 1,103.427

Cohocton, Southeast Along The Erie Railroad, To Bath.

Wallace, Main street crossing; top of rail 1,230.7

Avoca, Main street crossing; top of rail 1, 195. 6

Avoca, crossing of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, Main street; top of rail.. 1,193.9 Avoca, on southeast comer of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped "1191

Dunkirk" 1,191.664

Avoca, opposite station door; top of rail 1, 194. 9

Kanona, Main street railroad crossing; top of rail 1,1.1

Kanona, North Alonq The Kanona And Prattsburq Railway To Prattsburg.

Kanona, north of station, at road crossing; top of rail 1, 184.

Wheeler, 50 feet north of station, at road crossing; top of rail 1,249.6-

Wheeler, southeast comer of Frank AuU's house, in cellar wall; bronze tablet stamped " 1262 DUNKIRK" 1,262.845

Naples Quadrangle.

Rushville, South Along Railroad To Naples.

Middlesex, in water table of brick schoolhouse; bronze tablet stamped " 735 D " 735. 642

Middlesex, 100 feet northeast of station, at highway crossing; top of rail 717.

Parish, in front of station; top of rail 695. 8

Naples, Presbyterian Church, in northwest comer of front, in water table; bronze tablet

stamped "799 DUNKIRK" ! 799.561

Naples, Northwest Along Highway Vla Hunts Hollow, To County Corner.

Pansy, 1 mile northwest of, 0.3 mile southwest of county comer, west side of road, on north retaining wall of approach to Wm. S. Washburn's bam; bronze tablet stamped DUN- KIRK" 941.698

NAPLES, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO ITALY, THENCE NORTH ALONG ITALY HOLLOW ROAD TO POTTER CENTER.

Italy, Methodist Episcopal Church wall; bronze tablet stamped 1121 DUNKIRK" 1, 121.298

HUNTS HOLLOW, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO ATLANTA, THENCE SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO COHOCTON.

Atlanta, Presbyterian Church, front wall, in water table; bronze tablet stamped "1317 DUN- KIRK" 1,317.906

Atlanta, at crossing east of station; top of rail , 1, 317.

Cohocton, Main street crossing; top of rail 1,286. 5

Italy, South To Prattsburg.

Prattsburg, Presbyterian Church, in front wall; bronze tablet stamped " 1470 DUNKIRK" . 1, 470. 637

Ontario, Monroe, Genesee, Wyoming, Livingston, And Steuben Counties.

BATAFU, CANANDAItiVA, CALEDONU, HONEOYE, NVNDA, AKD WATLAND qUADBAIHGLES.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment. For additional work on Caledonia and Nunda quadrangles see precise-level list, Charlotte to Hornellsville, elsewhere in this bulletin. The leveling on the Canandaigua quadrangle was done partly in

Primary Leveling. 87

1899 under the direction of Mr. E. B. Clark, topographer, by Messrs. C. H. Semper and W. F. Hammond, levehnen; the remainder of work on the Canandaigua and work on Honeoye. Wayland, and part of Caledonia and Nunda quadrangles was done in 1901 imder the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. Semper; the remainder on Caledonia having been done in 1902 under the direction of Mr. A. C. Roberts by Mr. Wm. Kelly; the work on the Batavia and part on Nunda quadrangle wias done in 1902 imder the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Greo. Bailey, levelman, and the remainder on Nunda quadrangle was done in 1903 under Mr. Lovell by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. The standard bench marks set in 1899 were stamped "OSWEGO," and those set in 1901-2 were stamped "ROCHESTER," in addition to figures of elevation.

Canandaigua Quadrangle.

CANANDAIGUA, WEST ALONQ THE NEW YORK CENTEAL AND HUDSON BIVEB BAIL- ROAD, TO EAST BLOOM FIELD.

Feet.

Canandaigua Lake, at outlet; surface of water 685.

Canandaigua, southwest comer of court-house, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped

"766 Oswego 1809" 766.91?

Holcomb, in front of station; top of rail 877

East Bloomfield, southeast comer of hotel; aluminum tablet stamped ' ' 1017 OS WEOO 1899". 1, 016. 760

MANCHESTER, WEST ALONQ THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO FISHERS, THENCE NORTH TO BUSHNELL BASIN.

Tuttles, in top of large bowlder 500 feet south of station; bronze tablet stamped "599 OS- WEGO 1899" 599.506

Victor, 1,500 feet east of, in south end of east abutment of railway cattle pass; bronze tablet stained "569 OSWGO 1899" 560.099

WHEELER, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY VIA BBAQGVILLE TO BRISTOL CENTER (SINQLE-

8Pur Line).

Bristol Center, northwest comer of Methodist Episcopal Church, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped "931 OSWEGO 1899" 930.898

POHTT 2 MILES EAST OF CANANDAIGUA, SOUTH ON EAST SIDE OF CANANDAIGUA LAKE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Cottage City, on Lake road, east side of Canandaigua Lake, south wall of bridge, in top of eastend; bronze tablet stamped "713 OSWEGO 1899" 713.694

Honeoye Quadrangle.

EAST BLOOMFIELD, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD, TO GENESEE VALLEY JUNCTION.

[The error distributed as far as Honeoye Falls is excessive.]

West Bloomfield , in front of station; top of rail : 776. 3

Honeoye Falls, Church street crossing; top of rail 668. 1

Honeoye Falls, Union Free School, front face of north end; aluminum tablet stamped "657

Rochester 1901" 656.414

West Rush, 200 feet south of station, west face of hotel, in foundation stone; bronze tablet

stamped "571 ROCHESTER 1901" 570.282

West Rush, 100 feet west of station, road crossing; top of rail 557. 9

Genesee Valley Junction (Rush Junction) , grade crossing of the New York Central and Hudson River and the Erie railroads; top of rail 540. 8

HONEOYE FALLS, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO LIVONIA CENTER, THENCE WEST TO LIVONIA, THENCE SOUTH TO SOUTH LIVONIA.

Lima, St. Rose's School, Rochester street, west face of north end; aluminum tablet stamped "849 ROCHESTER 1901" 849.065

Livonia Center, Lehigh Valley Railroad crossing, near station; top of rail 975. 9

Livonia Center, Catholic Church, front face of southwest corner; bronze tablet stamped "l593 ROCHESTER 1901" 1,092.415

Livonia, Main street crossing of Erie Railroad; top of rail VQftA.

South Livonia, road crossing near station; top oixaVl vCsSSLA.

88 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

LIVONIA CENTER, SOUTH ALONG RAILROAD TO HEMLOCK, THENCE SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO HONEOYE.

Feet.

Hemlock, in front of station; top of rail 907. 8

Iloneoye, Congregational Church on Main street in west face; bronze tablet stamped "844 ROCH ESTER 1901 ' ' (bench mark on a short spur line not checked) 843. 433

M'Queens Crossing, Along The Erie Railroad To Livonia.

South Lima, southwest comer of cold-storage building at railroad station; bronze tablet stamped "912 ROCHESTER 1901" 911.607

Wayland Quadrangle.

South Livonia, Along The Erie Railroad To Wayland, Thence East To

Atlanta.

Webster Crossing, 900 feet north of station, road crossing; top of rail 1, 339. 1

Webster Crossmg, Hill & Webster's general store, north face near northeast comer; bronze taMet stamped "1363 ROCHESTER 1901" 1,362.428

Point 2 Miles East Of Hemlock, South Along Highway To Springwater.

Canadice, northwest comer of church sheds, at margin of roads, on large rock foundation;

aluminum tablet stamped "1569 ROCHESTER 1901" 1,568.865

Tabor Comers, in west face of schoolhouse; aluminum tablet stamped "1863 ROCHESTER

1901" , 1,862.338

Springwatcr, schoolhouse on road to station, in front face at northeast comer ; aluminum

tablet stamped "970 ROCHESTER 1901" 969.707

Wayland, West Along Delaware, Lackawanna And Western Railroad, To

Groveland.

Wayland, in west face of Lackawanna schoolhouse; aluminum tablet© "1372

Rochester 1901" 1,370.722

Wayland, road crossing near Delaware, Lackawanna and Western station; top of rail 1, 360. 5

Dansville, in front of station; top of rail 1, 025. 1

Dansvillc, station of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, southeast comer of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped " 1024 ROCHESTER 1901" 1,022.980

Caledonia Quadrangle.

Avon, Along The Erie Railroad, To M'Queens Crossing.

Avn, 0.57 mile south of station, on Bath branch of Erie Railroad, bridge over highway, in west end of south abutment; bronze tablet stamped "609 ROCHESTER" 608.977

GENESEE VALLEY JUNCTION, SOUTH ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO MOUNT MORS-

Avon, west side of station; platform 584.

Ashantee, in front of station and creamery; top of rail 579. 8

South Avon, road crossing near station; top of east rail 614. 3

Gcneseo, in front of station; top of east rail 596. 2

Geneseo, GO foet oast of Erie freight house, 5 feet south of northwest comer of Delehanty's

warehouse, in west face of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped "602 ROCHESTER" 602.290

Cuylerville, road crossing; top of east rail 679. 2

Avon, West Along The Erie Railroad Vta Caledonia, To Leroy.

Avon, 1.75 miles west of, bridge over Pennsylvania Railroad; top of rail 657. 4

Caledonia, John Ball's storehouse opposite station, in northerly face of foundation wall;

aluminum tablet stamped "669 ROCHESTER" 668.399

Leroy , junction of the Erie and the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg railroads; top of rail. . 862. 60 Leroy, "Church crossing" of Erie Railroad, at southwest comer of, at northeast comer of

malthouse lettered " D ," in easterly face; bronze tablet stamped "869 ROCHESTER "... 868. 385

MOUNT MORRIS, NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD VIA GREIGSVILLE, TO LINWOOD.

Ix.iccster, foundation wall of town hall, set in easterly face, 12 feet from northeast comer;

bronze ta])lct stamped ' ' CM ROCHESTER " 660. 404

Ixiicester, highway crossing; north rail 656. 2

a Schoolhouse rebuilt in 1905 and tablet set at same elevation.

Primary Leveling. 89

Feet.

Grftigsville, in front of station; top of north rail 762.

Craigs, highway crossing; top of north rail 865.

Craigs, 50 feet west of station, on north side of track, near southwest comer of foundation

wall of storehouse, on southerly face; bronze tablet stamped "866 ROCHESTER" 865. 888

Linwood , in front of station; north rail , 933. 2

Nunda Quadrangle.

QEOVELAND, ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO MOUNT MORRIS.

Groveland, first crossing east of station, north side of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, in top of wall of cottage just east of steps; bronze tablet stamped "601 ROCH- ESTER" ; 600.780

Groveland, m front of station; top of rail 588. 9

Mount Morris, grade crossing of the Erie and the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroads; top of rail 674. 2

Mount Morris 1 mile north of, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western junction, grade crossing of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway; top of north rail 687. 6

MOUNT MORRIS, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO GIBSONVILLE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Mount Morris. Scoville House, in doorsill at north side of front entrance; bronze tablet stamped "627 ROCHESTER" 627.144

Gibsonville, at road forks near old store, in bowlder sunk in ground; bronze tablet stamped "726 ROCHESTER" 726.182

Canaseraga, North Along Public Road To Ossian (Single-Spur Line).

Ossian, east corner of foundation wall of Dr. T. H. Lamont's residence; aluminum tablet stamped "1345 ALBANY 1903" 1,343.826

Batavia Quadrangle.

LEROY, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD TO BATAVIA, THENCE SOUTH

To Attica.

Stafford, crossing just west of station; top of north rail 900. 4

Batavia (Attica branch of New York Central), 0.5 mile from station, in northeast abutment of railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped "893 ROCHESTER " 892. 386

ATTICA, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD EAST TO LINDEN, THENCE SOUTH TO WARSAW.

Dale, 0.25 mUe north of station, in southeast abutment of railroad bridge over highway;

bronze tablet stamped "1208 ROCHESTER" 1,207.654

in front of station; top of rail 1,215.

AVarsaw, 1 mile north of, 400 feet north of intersection with road north and south, in east

wall of pipe culvert; aluminum tablet stamped '1008 ROCHESTER " 1, 008. 684

WARSAW, NORTH ALONG THE BUFFALO, ROCHESTER AND PITTSBURG RAILWAY, VIA PEARL CREEK AND PAVILION CENTER, TO LEROY.

Pearl Creek, 800 feet north of station, southeast abutment of railroad bridge over creek;

bronze tablet stamped "954 ROCHESTER" 954.333

Pavilion Center, 400 feet south of, bridge over highway, in top of west end of north wall;

bronze tablet stamped "953 ROCHESTER" 953.237

Leroy, West Main street crossing; top of ruil 887,0

Allegany, Erie, Genesee, Livingston, And Wyoming

Counties.

AXtiELICA, ATTICA, BUFFALO, DEPEW, FRANKLIN YILLE, AND PORTAGE QVADBANGLE8.

The elevations in the foUowmg list are based upon the 1903 adjustment of the preciselevel net. The leveling was done in 1903 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, except a portion on Angelica quadrangle, which was done under the direction of Air. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. All standard bench marks are stamped with the letters ALBANY" in addition to the figures of elevation.

90 Spibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Attiga Quadrangle.

Attica, Along Bailroad South To Vaeysbueq, Thknce Along Highway West

To Harris.

Feet. Attica, 0.2 mile west of station, on south side of Erie Railroad, in east abutment of railroad

bridge; bronze tablet stamped "990 ROCHESTER ". . 990. 187

Arcade, railroad crossing; top of rail 974.

Varysburg, southeast comer of foundation wall of Baptist Church; bronze tablet stamped

"1113 Albany 1903" 1,113.072

Harris, north side of road, about 35 feet south of T. Dorshide's hotel, in large rock; bronze

tablet stamped "1306 ALBANY 1903" 1.305.795

Crittenden, East Along The New York Central And Hudson Riveu Railroad

To Corfu, Thence Along Highway To Darien, Thence East Along

Railroad To Attica.

Crittenden, 0.2 mile east of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milestone 419 846. 89

Crittenden, 1.2 miles east of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milestone 418 856. 00

Corfu, 2.1 miles west of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milepost 417. 878. 36

Corfu, 1.1 miles west of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milestone 416 873. 28

Corfu, 0.1 mile west of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milestcme 415. 862. 92

Corfu, southwest comer of foundation wall of Catholic Church; bronze tablet stamped "854

ALBANY 1903" (bench mark on single-spur line) 854.445

Lehigh Valley Railroad crossing; top of rail 878

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad crossing; top of rail 909

Darien Center, southeast comer of foundation wall of Allegheny Hotel; aluminum tablet

stamped "1011 ALBANY 1903" l,0n.2O7

Darien, Erie Railroad station-; top of rail 1.011.8

Griswold, 500 feet southwest of station, north side of track; coping stone of abutment of

railroad bridge 1,032.86

Griswold, road crossing at station; top of rail 1,036

Depew Quadrangle. Darien, West Along Erie Railroad To Alden.

Alden, in foundation of standpipe of village waterworks; aluminum tablet stamped "865 ALBANY 1903" 865.582

Harris, Along Highway West To Orchard Park.

Wales Center, 2.2 miles east of; north end of west abutment of iron bridge 1, 045. 70

Wales Center, 150 feet east of covered bridge, northeast comer of foundation wall of George

Kelver's residence; aluminum tablet stamped "898 ALBANY 1903 " 897. 753

East Aurora, in brick wall to left of main entrance of schoolhouse; aluminum tablet stamped

926 Alb Any 1903" 926.235

East Aurora, 1.5 miles west of, iron bridge across Cazenovia Creek; end of west abutment 832. 61

Orchard Park, southeast comer of Briggs Brothers block, in brick foundation; aluminum

tablet o stamped "868 ALBANY 1903" 868.933

EAST AURORA. NORTHWEST ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD AND HIGHWAY TO EBENEZER.

Elma station, Elma Center post-office road crossing; top of rail 814. 2

Spring Brook, railroad crossing; top of rail 748

Blossom (Upper Ebenezer), in foundation wall of schoolhouse. District No. 8; aluminum tab-

letstamped "672 ALBANY 1903" 672.087

Williamsville, East Along Public Road Via Clarence To Millgrove.

WilliamsvUle, northwest comer of foundation wall of Mansion House; bronze tablet stamped

"665 Albany 1903" 665.022

Clarence, main entrance of Parker High School; aluminum tablet stamped "762 ALBANY

1903" 752.704

Millgrove, 1.1 miles north of ; east end of north abutment of small bridge 777. 45

Millgrove Along The New York Central Railroad To Crittenden.

Wende, road crossing at station; top of rail 791

Wende, 1.1 miles east of station; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milepost 421.. . 811.38 Crittenden, 0.8 mile west of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milestone 420 825. 56

a This elevation is by a single line from a checked elevation at Big Tree, which is nearer than East AuroM, from which aiao by single linp an elevation 0.9 foot less was derived.

Primary Leveling. 91

Buffalo Quadrangle. Ebenezer, Nobth Along Highway To William Sville.

Feet.

Ebenezer, railroad crossing at station; top of rail 836.3

Garden ville, 100 feet north of iron bridge at street crossing; rock on northwest comer 830. 57

Erie Railroad crossing; top of rail 836

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad crossing; top of rail 641

Forks, 0.2 mUe west of station, south side of New York Central tracks, Evangelical Church, to

right of main entrance, in foundation wall ; bronze tablet stamped " 862 A LB ANY 1903 " 662. 079

New York Central Railroad bench mark at milepost 433 657. 69

New York Central Railroad bench mark at monument No. 90 654. 76

Portage Quadrangle.

Nunda, West Along The Pennsylvania Railroad To Portage, Thence North

Along The Erie Railroad To Silver Lake Junction, Thence Northeast

Along The Silver Lake Railway To Perry, Thence West Over Public

Road To South Warsaw, Thence North- Along The Buffalo,

Rochester And Pittsburg Railway To Warsaw.

Portageville post-office, west end of south abutment of Pennsylvania Railroad bridge across

Genesee River; bronze tablet stamped "1131 ALBANY 1903 " 1, 131. 174

Castile, southwest comer of coping stone of water plug; bronze tablet stamped "1395

Albany 1903" 1,394.847

Castile, in front of station; top of rail 1, 395

Summit, highest point of Erie Railroad (Buffalo division); top of rail. , 1,424. 4

Silver Springs, road crossing at station; top of rail ! . 1, 402

Silver Lake Junction, about 500 feet west of, north side of Erie track, in pier of Buflalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway bridge; bronze tablet stamped "1401 ALBANY 1903"

(on single-spur line) 1 , 401. 533

Chace station, road crossing; top of rail 1,370

Fairview, in front of station ; top of rail 1, 364

Perry, road crossing; top of rail 1,366

Perry, north end of west abutment of railroad bridge at station, in top stone; bronze tablet

stamped "1362 ALBANY 1903" 1,362.365

South Warsaw, north end of east abutment of bridge across Oatka Creek; bronze tablet

stamped" 1066 ALBANY 1903" 1,065.823

Warsaw, road crossing at station ; top of rail 1, 116

SOUTH WARSAW, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO WETHERSFIELD SPRINGS, THENCE SOOTH VIA HARDYS TO PIKE, THENCE EAST TO PORTAGE.

Wethersfleld Springs, culvert at west side of road; top of stone 1,720.606

Hermitage, 250 feet north of road leading to Gainesville, 300 feet west of East Koy Creek, 200

feet north of Blodgett's office, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped " 1658 ALBANY 1903 ". . 1, 658. 056

Hardys, in front of station; top of rail 1,686.1

Pike Five Comers; west end of south abutment of iron bridge 1,595. 769

Pike, iron bridge across Wiscoy Creek, about center of east abutment, north side of driveway; bronze tablet stamped " 1546 ALB ANY 1903 " 1,545.986

ANGELICA QUADRANGLE. PORTAGE, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD TO CUBA.

Fillmore, main entrance of Dingman House, coping stone of stone wall; aluminum tablet

stamped "1213 ALBANY 1903" 1,213.069

Houghton, road crossing at station; top of rail 1, 210

Caneadea, 0.6 mile north of, west side of track, old canal lock; foundation rock 1, 228. 856

Caneadea, road crossing; top of rail 1, 238

Caneadea, 500 feet south of station, west en of north abutment of railroad bridge; aluminum

tablet stamped "1236 ALBANY 1903" 1,236.916

Oramel, road crossing at station; top of rail 1, 264

Belfast, 2.1 miles south of, west side of track at railroad crossing; top stone of culvert 1, 350. 810

Black Creek, road crossing at station; top of rail 1 . 489

Black Creek, southwest comer of foundation wall of Congregational Church; aluminum tablet stamped " 1517 ALBANY 1903 " 1, 517. 944

Caneadea, East Along Public Road To Allen Center (Single-Spur Line).

Aluminum tablet Bt&mped "1636 ALBANY 190a"

92 Spirit Levelino In New York, 1896 To 1905,

BELFAST, SOUTHEAST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO BELYIDERE, THENCE ALONG EEIE RAILROAD TO BELMONT.

Feet. Belfast, comer of Main street, northeast comer of foundation to Belfast House; aluminum

tablet stamped "laiS ALBANY 1903" 1,313.140

Angelica, crossing at station; top of rail 1,440

Angelica, foundation of Shawmut railroad office building, on Depot street; aluminum tablet

stamped "1440 ALBANY 1903" (on single-spur line) 1,4.990

Belvideie, foundation wall under bay window of Mrs. S. H. Whitcomb's residence; aluminum

tablet stamped "1371 ALBANY 1903" 1,371.272

Pbanklinville Quadrangle.

Caneadea, Wt88T Along Public Road To Rushford (On Spur Line).

Rushford, northeast corner of foundation wall of schoolhouse; aluminum tablet stamped "1517 ALB ANY 1903" 1,517.343

Allegany And Cattaraugus Counties.

BELMONT, CLEAN, AND SALAMANCA ({VADRANeLKS.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth and Twentieth Annual Reports of the Director, United States Greological Survey. For additional elevations on these quadrangles refer to " Preciselevel line Dunkirk to Albany." The leveling on Olean and Belmont quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. F. Sutton , topographer; that on Salamanca quadrangle was done in 1897 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, both by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer. The standard bench marks on Olean and Belmont quadranes are stamped with figures of elevation, mostly 7 feet too great, and without datum letters, and those on Salamanca quadrangle were stamped with letter "S," and figures of elevation 5 feet too great. errors are due to the erroneous railroad datums used when field work was done.

Belmont Quadrangle.

Cuba Southeast To Clarksville.

Feet. Clarksville, at M. Yt. Congdon's residence, In stone horse block; copper bolt stripped

*'U. S. G. S. li. M. ft." 1,596.063

OLEAN QUADRANGLE. OLEAN, SOUTHEAST TO PORTVILLE, THENCE NORTHEAST TO CLARKSVILLE.

Olean, in front of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway station; top of rail 1,428.5

Olean, city building, Union street side, in foundation stone just beneath water table in northwest comer of building; bronze tablet stamped " 1459" 1,451.790

Westons Mills, Haskell Creek highway bridge, near southeast comer of east abutment; top

of coping stone 1,425. 79

Allegheny River highway bridge; west end of north abutment 1,433.05

Portville, in front of Weatem New York and Pennsylvania Railway station; top of rail. ... 1,436.4 Portvillo, Presbyterian Church, in upper stone step at entrance; copper bolt stamped U. S.

G. S. B. M. 1438 Ft." ,... 1,432.143

Obi, 1 mile southwest of, Seventh Day Baptist Church, 85 feet from church doors, 10 feet from center of road, 3 feet from fence, on land belonging to Mrs. E. B. Adams, in lai flat rock, on west side of road; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1547 ft/* 1,539.910

Olean, North Via Hinsdale Toward Ischua.

Hinsdale, 1.5 miles south of Olean Creek Bridge, Faye Hollow highway, in capstone of bridge foundation; copper bolt stamped "U. S. G. S. B. M. 1449 ft." 1,442.079

Scott, 2.1 miles north of, west side of llinsdale-Ischua road, in base of stone wall, under south side of bam of Harris Johnson, in large flat stone; copper bolt stamped "U. S. Q. S. B. M. 1544 Ft." 1,536.378

SALAMANCA QUADRANGLE. SOUTH VANDALIA, SOUTHEAST THROUGH CHIPMUNK OIL FIELDS, TO KNAPP CREEK.

Chipmunk, 0.8 mile south of, 55 feet south of road east and 140 feet north of M. Kelly's white house, 2 feet outside of fence on west side of road; copper bolt ii bowlder stamped "1529

FtS." 1,524.144

Knapp Creek, in Iron t of electric- railroad station; top oi taU 2, 3. 1

Pbimaby Levelino. 93

CARROLLTON, SOUTH VIA UMESTONE TO NEW YORK-rENNSYLVANIA STATE LINE.

Feet. South CarroUton, 1.2 miles south of, iron highway bridge crossing Alleiheny River, on bridge

abutment 8 feet from southeast comer; chiseled square 1,397.23

South Carrollton, 2 miles south of, 4 miles north of Limestone, in large bowlder nearly buried

in ground on west side of road, between it and ditch, near entrances pasture flelds on

each side of road; copper bolt stamped "1410 Ft. S" 1,405.718

Limestone, 2 miles south of, 9 feet from southwest comer of iron bridge over stream just

inside State line, in stone abutment; chiseled square 1,413.47

Limestone, 2.3 miles south of, on west side of road, near oil derrick, opposite telephone pole

6050, on top of State-line moniunent; chiseled square 1,450.83

Killbuck, Northeast To Great Valley, Thence East To Humphrey.

Killbuck, 3.9 miles north of, at southwest comer of iron bridge across Wrights Creek at about 0.25 mile above its junction with Great Valley Creek, in stone abutment; copper bolt stamped "1456 Ft. S" 1,45L923

Great Valley, 2.52 miles southeast of, northwest corner of iron bridge across Wrights Creek, near a white church, on stone abutment; chiseled square 1,513.61

Humphrey, 1.7 miles west of, 4 feet from southeast comer of iron bridge across Wrights Creek, on stone abutment; chiseled square 1,548.98

Humphrey, W. J. Sherman's hotel, in stone doorstep in front of porch, west side; copper bolt stamped 1626 Ft. S " 1,62L444

Cattaraugus And Chautauqua Counties.

CHAUTAU({VA, CHEBBY CBGEK, CLYMEB, DDNKIBK, JAMESTOWN, N0BTHEA8T, BEDHOUSE, AND WESTFIELD qilADBANULES..

The elevations in the following list are based upon an aluminum tablet in the water table of St. Mary's Home and School at Dunkirk, the elevation of which is now accepted as 598.937 feet above mean sea level. A portion of the work here given was previously reported in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Director United States Geological Survey, pages 310-313. For additional elevations on Cherry Creek and Redhouse quadrangles see " Precise leveling."

The leveling on Dunkirk, Cherry Creek, and Westfield quadrangles was done in 1898 under the direction of Mr. Frank Sutton, topographer, by Mr. E. L. Faison, levelman; that on dyer, Chautauqua, and most of Jamestown quadrangles was done in 1902 under the direction of Mr. A. C. Roberts, topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman, except part on Chautauqua quadrangle done by Mr, Wm, Kelley, levelman; and work on Redhouse and the remainder on Chautauqua quadrangle was done in 1903 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. All standard bench marks are stamped with *'D" or " DUNKIRK in addition to figures of elevation.

Dunkirk Quadrangle.

DUNKIRK TO FREDONIA, ALONG THE DUNKIRK, ALLEGHENY VALLEY AND PITTSBURG

Railroad.

Feefc.

extreme northwest corner of Nelson block; top of water table 588. 866

Elk street crossing of Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway; top of rail 594.6

2 miles south of, Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg Railroad culvert No. 3;

extreme northwest comer 664. 37

X redonia, in front of Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg Railroad station; top of rail. 767.8

Predonia, Via Laona, Lillydale, Ca88Adaga, And Stockton, To Mayville.

Laona, on west side of railroad bridge over Canada way Creek, in top stone of north abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 817 D " 817. 926

Lillydale, 1.5 miles north of, southwest comer of abutment, south end of Skidmore viaduct; chiseled square 1, 295. 60

Lillydale, in front of Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg station; top of rail 1,312.9

Stockton, 500 feet west 6f Chriss's Hotel, oast side of stone foundation of blacksmith shop on Mayville street, 4 feet above ground; bronze tablet stamped "1316 D" 1,317.521

Mayville, at Jamestown Junction, west side of cemetery, highway bridge over Black Brook, in top stone at north end of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 1324 D " 1,324. 865

Mayville, top of bottom step of front of court-house; chiseled square 1, 462. 49

94 Spibit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Feet. Mayville, schoolhouse grounds, in north meridian monument; bronze tablet stamped " 1500

1,500.670

Mayville, schoolhouse grounds, in south meridian monument; bronze tablet stamped " 1499

D" (7) 1,499.500

JAMESTOWN JUNCTION, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE JAMESTOWN, CHAUTAUQUA AND LAKE EBIB RAILWAY, TO WOOOUN.

Hartfield; top of station platform 1, 315. 7

Wooglin, in front of station; top of south rail 1,350. 2

West Portland, Northeast Via Brocton To Fredonia.

West Portland, on northeast comer of second step of red brick church; cross mark 774. 75

Brocton, at crossing of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway; top of rail. 745. 1

Brocton, 1 mile north of, 0.25 mile east of station, in south side of center pier of double arch (stone) of Lake Shore Railway bridge over Slippery Rock Creek; copper bolt stamped

**667D" 668.518

Fredonia, south entrance to clothing store in Columbia Hotel; top of south stone step. 728. 52

Oherry Greek Quadrangle. Cassadaoa, East To Cherry Creek.

Charlotte Center, 1.6 miles east of, 640 feet east of road turning off south, in stone 12 feet north of road, 6 inches above ground; copper bolt stamped 1915 D " 1,915.887

Cherry Creek, in west side of north abutment of Main street iron bridge over Cherry Creek; copper bolt stamped 1309 D " 1,310. 510

Cherry Creek, 400 feet south of station, northwest comer of abutment of plate-girder bridge over Erie Railroad; cross mark on top 1,293.77

Cherry Creek, Northwest Vla. Arkwright To Laona.

Arkwright Center, 0.9 mile east of, 15 feet north of center of road, large stone in place, 2 feet above ground; copper bolt stamped "1570D" 1,571.006

Westfield Quadrangle.

MAYFIELD, NORTH TO PROSPECT, THENCE WEST TO WESTFIELD, THENCE NORTHEAST TO WEST PORTLAND.

Prospect, foundation of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway station, in northeast comer; bronze tablet stamped 1213 D " , 1, 214. 183

Westfield, in northwest comer of masonry foundation of public-school building, 2.5 feet above ground; bronze tablet stamped " 748 D " 748.900

Mayville, West To Volusia.

Volusia, foundation of Methodist Church, in front face of south side; bronze tablet stamped "1557 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,566.785

REDHOUSE QUADRANGLE. KENNEDY, EAST ALONG RAILROAD TO RANDOLPH (SINOLE-SPUR UNE).

Randolph, west end of north abutment of bridge west of station, top stone; bronze tablet stamped "1298 DUNKIRK" 1,298.010

JAMESTOWN QUADRANGLE. JAMESTOWN, NORTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO CHERRY CREEK.

Jamestown, 1.42 miles east of, railroad bridge over Chautauqua Outlet, on center of west

abutment; square 1, 302. 34

Kennedy, 750 feet south of station, east end of north abutment of Erie Railroad bridge; bronze

tablet stamped "1257DUNKIRK 1902" 1,257.353

Kennedy, in front of station; top of east rail 1,260.6

Conewango, in front of station; top of east rail 1,282.8

Conewango, residence of Doctor Smith, north face, east end, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped "1293 DUNKIRK 1902" -.. 1,293.321

FALCONER, NORTH ALONG THE DUNKIRK, ALLEGHENY VALLEY AND PITTSBURG RAIL- ROAD, TO GERRY, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAY EAST TO ELLINGTON.

Falconer, 500 feet south of station, top of east end of north abutment of bridge; aluminum tablet stamped "i258 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,257.717

Primary Leveling. 95

Feet.

Gerry, in front of station; top of east rail 1, 296. 1

Gerry, in foundation wall of schoolhouse, District No. 1, 9 feet from southeast comer, east

face; bronze tablet stamped "1309 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,308.729

Ellington, foundation wall of Congregational Church, in north face of east end; bronze tablet

stamped 1380 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,379.945

JAMESTOWN, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY VIA KIANTONE TO FENTONVILLE (CHECKED BY UNE FROM PENNSYLVANIA).

Kiantone (6 miles southeast of Jamestown), in foundation wall of church, center of south

face; aluminum tablet stamped 1493 DUNKIRK" 1,493.126

Fentonville, road crossing; top of rail 1,248

Fentonville, 500 feet east of station, northwest comer of foundation wall of Ira Adam's house; bronze tablet stamped "1255 DUNKIRK" 1,255.414

Chautauqua Quadrangle.

WOOGUN, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE JAMESTOWN, CHAUTAUQUA AND LAKE ERIE RAILWAY, VIA CHAUTAUQUA POINT, TO JAMESTOWN.

Chautauqua Point, in front of station; top of south rail 1,323. 2

Dewittville, in front of station; top of south rail 1,314.3

Dewittville, foundation wall of Methodist Church, 7.5 feet west of southeast comer, in southem side; bronze tablet stamped "1319 DUNKIRK" 1,319.864

Starr Farm, in front of station; top of south rail 1,314. 4

Midway Grove ; top of south rail 1, 317. 7

Midway, highway crossing near station; top of south rail 1,319.8

Warners, in front of station; top of south rail 1,315.0

Giflfords, in front of station ; top of south rail 1, 313.

Bay View, in front of station platform; top of south rail 1,323.0

Bemus Point, in front of station; top of south rail 1,358.8

Bemus Point, 440 feet south of station, west side of Cemetery street, on the southerly side of A. G. Barrett's residence, in foundation wall of bay window; bronze tablet stamped "1345

Dunkirk" 1,345.529

Phillips Mills, in front of station; top of south rail 1,316. 6

Colbums, in front of station; top of south rail 1,321.0

Belleview, in front of station; top of south rail 1,321. 6

Driftwood, in front of station; top of south rail 1,323.5

Griflath, in front of station; top of south rail 1, 318. 9

Greenhurst, in front of station; top of south rail 1,324.3

Fluvanna, in front of station; top of south rail 1,313.0

Fluvanna, Chautauqua Lake, June 13, 1902; water surface 1,308

Jamestown, Isabella avenue; top of south rail 1,311.3

Bemus Point, Along Highway Northeast To Ellery (Single-Spur Line).

Ellery, Cowden Brothers' store, in foundation wall, north face; bronze tablet stamped "1758

Dunkirk 1902" 1,758.450

Jamestown, Southwest Along The Erie Railroad To Brokenstraw (Grant

Station), Thence North Along Highway To Panama, Thence

West To North Clymer.

Jamestown, 3,760 feet west of, north end of west abutment of Erie Railroad bridge over Chautauqua Outlet, in top step but one; bronze tablet stamped "1324 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,324. 462

Lakewood, highway crossing near station; top of north rail 1,362. 1

Lakewood, post-office, on east side of Chautauqua avenue, 4 feet east of southwest comer of R. H. Maxim's building (post-office), on south side; aluminum tablet stamped " 1362

Dunkirk" 1,361.810

Ashville, in front of station; north rail 1, 353. 3

Watts Flats, in front of station; top of north rail 1,452.7

Brokenstraw, 3.18 miles northwest of, bridge over Brokenstraw Creek, on east end of north

abutment; chiseled square 1, 465. 04

Panama, Hotel Bemy, north face, east comer, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped "1551 DUNKIRK" 1,650.667

96 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Clymer Quadrangle.

Clymeb, Nobth Along The Western New Yobk And Pennsylvania Railway, To

Mayville.

Feet.

Clymer, In front of station; top of cast rail 1,472.1.

North Clymer, east end of foundation wall of Methodist Episcopal Church, south face; bronze

tablet stamped "1582 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,582.091

Panama (North Clymer) , in front of station; top of east rail 1, £62.

Sherman, in front of station; top of north rail 1, 581. 5

Summerdale, at highway crossing; top of east rail 1, 638. 7

Mayville, In front of station; top of east rail 1,314.2

May ville, Chautauqua Lake ; water surface 1, 310

Sherman Station, West To Sherman (Sinqle-Spe Line).

Sherman, 0.72 mile west of station, highway bridge over Finch Creek, west end of north abutment; bronze tablet stamped "1538 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,538.226

CLYMER, WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO MARVIN, THENCE NORTH TO POINT 9 MILES NORTH

Of Findlay Lake, Thence Indirectly Eastward To Point

3 Miles West Of Mayville.

Clymer, 1.3 miles west of station, west end of foundation wall of Baptist Church, front face; bronze tablet stamped "1468 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,468.349

Marvin, 0.6 mile north of, highway bridge over Finch Creek, top of north end of west abutment; bronze tablet stamped "1388 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,387.907

Findley Lake, Aug. 9, 1903; water surface 1,421

Findley Lake, west corner of foundation wall of Methodist Church, in front face; aluminum tablet stamped "1429 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,428.655

Northeast Quadrangle.

Statcline (village), 2.2 miles south of, 1,000 feet south of three comers, in east end of north abutment of small bridge; bronze tablet stamped "1293 DUNKIRK 1902" 1,293.049

GENESEE AND MONROE COUNTIES. BBOCKPOBT A?iD HAMLIN (UADRANULES.

The elevations published in the following list are based on a bronze tablet set in the foundation wall of the Normal School at Brockport and stam{)ed "B 538." The elevation of this bench mark above mean sea level is derived from the nearest bench mark of the State engineer. The height of this bench mark is now accepted as 539.231 feet above mean sea level. The work was previously reported upon in the Appendix to the Nineteenth Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey.

The leveling was done in 1897 imder the direction of Messrs. J. H. Jennings and E. B. Clark, topographers, by Mr. E. L. McNair, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with the letter "B" in addition to figures of elevation.

HAMLIN QUADRANGLE. BROCKPORT, NORTH TO HAMLIN, THENCE EAST TO HILTON, THENCE SOUTH TO SPENCEBPOBT.

Feet.

Hamlin, Hamlin House, C feet from southwest comer, in ground inside fence; iron post stamped "B 337.707

Hilton, house of Dr. J. J. Williams, in foundation wall under bay window; bronae tablet stamped "B284" 285.2S0

Brockport Quadrangle.

At Spencerport.

Spencerport, Amity street, Bridge No. 90, in center of abutment facing towpath and canal;

bronze tablet stamped "514 B " 514.749

Spencerport, New York Cmtral and Hudson River Railroad station; southeast comer of door

stop at east end of building 528.96

Spencerport, at east end of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; top of

rail 626.3

Primary Leveling. - 97

Bbockpobt, South To Point 1 Mile South Of Sweden Center.

Feet. Brockport, east end of towpath abutment of Park avenue canal bridge; lower step (Erie

CanalB. M. No. 107, State engineer's B. M. No. 475) 510.ti90

Brockport Normal School, in foundation wall in front of office; bronze tablet stamped

"538 B" 539.231

Brockport water tower, on stone foundation, west side; chiseled square 607. 83

Sweden Center, 1 mile south of, at Geo. W. Way's residence, in foundation wall under bay

window; bronze tablet "639 B" 640. 191

Spur Line9 fbom Corrected Railroad Levels of Doubtful Value.

at bergen.

Bergen, West Shore Railroad crossing; top of rail 580. 4

Beigen, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; top of rail 604. 1

Beigen, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station, in doorstep of baggage

room; bronze tablet stamped "604 B " 604. 959

Southward From Chili Station (New York Central Railroad).

Station, 380 feet east of, south side of main line of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, In south end of old culvert abutment at southwest comer of flagman's shanty; bronze tablet stamped "561 B " 562. 174

Chili station, 2.5 miles south of, 1.25 miles south of Buckbee Comer, under southeast comer of dwelling house of John Groves, west of road, In foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped "558 B" 559.471

At Churchville.

uichvlUe, 800 feet east of station; west abutment of New York Central and Hudson River

ftUroad bridge No. 721 (railroad company's bench mark) 564. 57

rchville, In front of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; top of rail 569.

*upchvllle. West Shore Railroad crossing; top of rail 569. 6

Union School building, at right side of main entrance; bronze tablet stamped

"6l5 B " , 615. 633

Erie, Genesee, Niagara, And Orleans Counties.

Albion, lockpobt, Medina, oak orchard, olcott, and ridge way quadrangles.

Ihe elevations in the following list are based upon a bronze tablet set in the front wall, of door of Niagara street entrance to Niagara County court-house, at Lockport, stamped 16." The elevation of this bench mark, 615.183 feet above mean sea level, is based the nearest State engineer's bench mark. This list was previously published in the . 'pendix to the Eighteenth Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological rvey. The elevations there listed have been corrected by the addition of about 1 foot. Vie leveling was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. Frank Sutton, topographer, by E. L. McNair, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped without datum "tters, but with figures of elevation mostly 1 foot too great.

Olcott Quadrangle.

Lockport, North 6.5 Miles, Thence East To Hartland, Thence South To

Gasport.

Feet.

idgeroad, 1.5 miles northwest of, on road running east and west, 3 miles north of Wrights Comers, District No. 16, 30 feet southeast of schoolhouse, on granite bowlder, copper bolt stamped " 363 ft." 362. 466

Hartland, 0.75 mile north of, in front of W. T. Curtiss's house on west side of road, in line of ditch, in granite bowlder nearly embedded in ground; copper bolt stamped 376 ft. " 375. 21

Lockport Quadrangle.

At Gasport.

Gasport, Erie Canal bridge No. 152, in north end of east abutment; copper bolt stamped

" 521 ft." 620. 256

Bull. 281—06 7

98 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

Lockport, Southeast To Dysinqer Corners, Thence North To Oranqeport.

Feet. Lockport, in front of Niagara County court-house, east of main door, Niagara street entrance;

bronze tablet stamped "616 ft." 615. 183

Dysinger Comers, William Dysinger's red bam, in southwest comer of foundation; bronze

tablet stamped "628 ft." 627. 697

McNalls Corners, on northwest comer of road crossing, southeast comer of doorstep of large

brick house; chiseled square 659. 01

At Pendleton.

Pendleton, Sulphur Springs guard lock bridge No. 168, in north end of east pier; copper bolt stamped "582 ft." 581.160

Bench Marks Set From Old Railroad Levels, Corrected (Value Doubtful).

Transit (East Amherst post-office) , 700 feet west of station, Batavia and Tonawanda branch of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, south side of Bridge No. 119, in west abutment next to lower step; copper bolt stamped "587" 588.554

East Clarence, 2,400 feet east of, Batavia and Tonawanda branch of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge No. 114, at south end of east abutment, in coping stone; copper bolt stamped " 639 " 638. 070

Ridgeway Quadrangle.

On Circuits Tied To Canal Bench Marks.

Jeddo, 153 feet from doorway of Adventist Church, 50 feet from doorway of schoolhouse, in road comers in top of bowlder 3.3 feet high; copper bolt stamped " 421 " 419. 927

Oak Orchard, 6 feet from sou'thwestcomer of iron bridge across Oak Orchard Creek, 1,000 feet east of post-office, in abutment; copper bolt stamped "370" 369. 588

Eagle Harbor, Gaines Town, Erie Canal bridge No. 131, in lower step of east wing, towpath side; copper bolt stamped "516" (Barge canal 516.899) 515.715

Medina Quadrangle.

On Circuits Tied To (Anal Bench Marks.

Middleport, Erie Canal bridge No. 145, in north foundation under center of bridge and facing towpath and canal; bronze tablet stamped "519" 518.458

Medina, Prospect Street Bridge No. 140, lower step, east end, north side of Erie Canal; copper bolt stamped "518" J 517. 189

Elevations Determined From New York State Survey Levels Of 1883,

Corrected.

East Shelby, at southwest corner of Methodist Episcopal Church, in bowlder; copper bolt

Stamped 668" 667.547

Shelby Town, 125 feet north of Coons Bridge, east side of road between East and West Shelby,

in top of bowlder 3 feet high; copper bolt stamped " 616 " 615. 756

Wheatville, 200 feet north of road crossing, 3 feet east of. fence line, under northwest comer of

red bam of John Waterstreet, in granite bowlder; copper bolt stamped "669" 668. 182

Alabama station, 4 miles northwest of, 0.2 mile north of Tonawanda Creek, north side of gate

entrance to feeder, in second step of east abutment; copp&r bolt stamped " 622 " 621. 160

BENCH MARKS SET FROM OLD RAILROAD LEVELS, CORRECTED (VALUE DOUBTFUL) .

Pembroke, 1,550 feet east of railroad station, Batavia and Tonawanda branch of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, on coping stone of east abutment of Bridge No. 104, south side of track; copper bolt stamped "823" 822.780

East Pembroke, 1 mile north of, 630 feet north of comer, east side of north and south road, on land belonging to E . H. Clark, in bowlder 6 feet square deeply embedded in ground; copper bolt stamped "873 ft." 872.140

Oak Orchard Quadrangle.

On Circuits Tied To Canal Bench Marks.

Fairhaven, 1,200 feet south of, on east side of road to Albion, in top of stone masonry wall in

front of Mrs. Dixon's house; copper bolt stamped "439" 438.206

East Gaines, 1 mile east by 1 mile south of W. H. Banker's house, on west side of Transit, road, 600 feet north of Murray and Gaines Baptist Church, in dooryard 12 feet south of

dwelling, in stone 3 feet square and 1 .5 feet high; copper bolt stamped " 458 " . 457. 114

Murray. 610 feet north of road crossing on west side of road, 81 feet southwest of stone school-

Jiouse, in bowlder 3 feet wide and 2 feet high; copper "boU stamped 410 " 409. 458

Primary Leveling. 99

Albion Quadrangle. Bench Marks Tied To (Anal Bench Marks.

Feet. Albion, Orleans House, corner of Piatt and Bank streets, 40.5 feet from Banks street comer,

on Piatt street side, 7.7 feet from office door; bronze tablet stamped " 521 " 619. 984

Holley, Webster warehouse, south and west of Erie Canal bridge No. 115, in doorsill of door

on canal side; copper bolt stamped "514" 513.210

Elevations Determined From New York State Survey Levels, Corrected.

Clarendon, 4 miles south of, opposite Andrew Kuhn's house on land belonging to Mrs. Butcher, 0.33 mile north of county line, in granite bowlder; copper bolt stamped "648" 647. 137

Elba, 3.8 miles northeast of, at southwest comer of junction of east and west road and road south to East Elba, in granite bowlder; copper bolt stamped " 675 " 674. 637

East Oakfield, 1.5 miles east of, 65 feet southeast of schoolhouse. District No. 9, 15 feet from road comer, on west side of north road, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped "709" 708. 143

South Barre, 220 feet east of road crossing, in stone doorsill of schoolhouse, District No. 9; copper bolt stamped "652" 651. 645

Barre Center, 3 miles southwest of, 1.5 miles northeast of West Barre, E. E. Allis's house, on north side of road, in lower of three stone steps of eastern front door; copper bolt stamped "666" 665.304

BENCH MARK SET FROM OLD RAILROAD LEVELS, ( ORRECTED (VALUE DOUBTFUL) .

South Byron, 1,710 feet west of railroad station, 27 feet north from center of north track of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, in next to upper step of large culvert, across Black Creek; copper bolt stamped "682" 681. 165

Erie County. Eden, Oowanda, And Holland Quadrangles.

The leveling on Holland and part of Eden was done in 1904 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. I. W. Petit, levelman, and that on Gowanda and remainder of Eden was done in 1905 under the direction of Mr. Gilbert Young, topographer, by Mr. R. P. Thompson, levelman. Standard bench marks are stamped "ADJ 1903" in addition to the figures of elevation.

Eden Quadrangle.

BLAISDELL, SOUTH ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD VIA HAMBURG, TO COL- LINS STATION.

Feet. Hambui, in stone foundation at northwest comer of Kopp's Hotel, at end of ear line; bronze

tablet stamped "826 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 825.565

Water Valley, Erie Railroad; top of rail 790. 6

Eden Valley station, 300 feet east of Erie station, in northwest comer of foundation of Albert

Dagle's house; bronze tablet stamped 792 ALBANY ADJ 1903" 792. 254

Eden Center, northeast comer of foundation of schoolhouse; bronze tablet stamped

"Albany 828 Adj 1903 " 827.573

North Collins, Erie Railroad station, in east face of southeast comer; bronze tablet stamped

" 847 A D J 1903 " 847. 023

Lawton, in west face of foundation wail of E. H. Lawton & Son's store; bronze tablet

stamped "826 ADJ 1903" 825.640

Hamburg, Along Highway Southeast To Boston Center.

North Boston, 3.7 miles east of Hamburg, on northwest comer of south abutment of bridge over Idlewood (or Eighteenmile) Creek; bronze tablet stamped "818 ALBANY 1903 ADJ". 817.517

Boston, South To Mortons Corners, Thence West To Lawton.

New Oregon, 100 feet northwest of crossroads, in southeast corner of foundation of Peter Kirsch's house; bronze tablet stamped " 1075 ADJ 1903" 1,075. 137

Woodwards Hollow, in east face of foundation wall of F. J. Ryther's store; bronze tablet stamped " 1305 ADJ 1903" 1,304. 850

Mortons Corners, 500 feet west of, 106 feet from comer of Martha Schabehom's house, 77 feet from Helen Briggs's house, and 151 .42 feet from Emily Sampson's house; iron post (primarytraverse station No. 134) stamped "1389 ADJ 1903" 1,389.046

Whites Comers, 0.9 mile west of, in dooryard at northwest comer of dwelling house occupied by Mr. Christopher Naegle, on south side of road; primary-traverse iron post stamped "11 5 ADJ 1903" 1,114.399

100 Spirit Leveling In New York, 1896 To 1905.

GOWANDA QUADRANGLE. COLLINS STATION, ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD, TO DAYTON

Feet. Collins station, in southeast corner of building owned by F. Mathan, in water table; bronze tablet stamped "875 ADJ 1903" 875.150

Holland Quadrangle. Boston Center, South To Boston.

Boston Center (PatchiD), opposite Michael Flickgenar's grocery, on large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped "903 ALBANY 1903 ADJ" 903.048

Boston, 135 feet north of Iroquois Hotel, in grass plat at intersection of roads; iron post stamped "941 ALBANY" 940.964

Index.

A.

Page.

Addison 14

Adrian 14

Aiton 16

Alabama 98

Albion 99

Albion quadrangle 99

Alden 90

Alder Creek 11

Alexandria Bay 62

Alexandria Bay quadrangle 62-63

Alfred 14

Allegany 13

Allegheny River 92

AUen Center 91

Alligerville 51

Almond 14

Altamont 48

Altay 85

Altmar 65

Alton 79

Amboy 65

Amenia 52

Ames Mills 30

Amsterdam quadrangle 17

Ancram 53

Andover 14

Angelica 92

Angelica quadrangle 91-92

Angola 27

Antwerp quadrangle .' — 11

Apalachin quadrangle 15,69

Apex 20

Apulia 67

Arcade 90

Arden 52

Arietta 42, 43

Arkport 25

Arkwrit Center 94

Ashantee 88

Athol Springs 26

Atlanta 86

Attica 90

Attica quadrangle ' 90

Atwell .- 37,38

Auburn 77

Auburn quadrangle. 76-77

Aurelius 77

Auriesville 42

Aurora 76

Averyville 30

Avoca 86

Avon 23,88

Axton 30

B.

Page.

Babylon 28

Babylon quadrangle 28-29

Bailey, C. B., work of 40

Bailey, George, work of 50, 52, 54, 87

Bainbridge 16, 19

Bakers Mill Pond 32

Bakers Mills 32

Baldwin, D. H., work of 7,18,23,25,26

Tin Id wins vl lie (;imdraiiglE' 78-79

Ballston Lake 9

j Ballston Spa 9

I Biilinvilk.. 51

Barker 70

I Barnard 23

i Bamerville 17,49

Barre Center 99

Barton 15

Bassett, C. C, work of 34,

47, 48, 49, 52, 54, 55, 57, 59, 66

Batavia 89

Batavia quadrangle 89

Batchellerville 45

Bath 86

lii th quadrnngle 14,86

JiHter, D. E workof 77

Bay 95

Bcaman, W SI „ work of 31

Beaver Dam 22

Beaver Meadow 71

Beaver River 40

I Beaverdams 85

Beerston 20

Belfast 91,92

I Belleview 95

I Bellona 82

I Belmont 13

j Belmont quadrangle 13, 92

; Belvidere 13,92

I Bemus Point 95

I Benson 42

Benson Center Comers 42

! Benson Comers 75

Benton 83

Berea 51

Bergen 97

Berkshire 72

Berne 48

Berne quadrangle 17,48

Besemer 74

Bethel 53

Beula 82

Big Flats 14

Big Indian 54,56

Index.

Big Moose v-'ifj-;--* '

Big Moose quadrangSe .!. . j. . -. ? 40

Big Shanty dalji 1. : .% 32

BinghamtcSnV.' . r 15, 20

.faint!jmto& <ifladraiigle 15, 20-21, 69

,dinjiewater 51

Bisby 38

Black Creek 91

Black River 11

Black Rock 83

Blaine 49

Bleeker ViUage 42

Blenheim 55

Bloomingburg 58

Bloomlngdale 31

Blossom 90

Blossvale 64

Blue Mountain Lake 33

Blue Mountain quadrangle 33-34

Blue Pond 8

Bog Lake 40

Bombay 9

Boonville 11

Boonville quadrangle 11,64

Borden condensed-milk factory 51

Borodino 76

Boston 100

Boston Center 100

Boston Comers 53

Bouckville 68

Bowcns Comers 78

Bradford 85

Branchport 84

Brandon 8,31

Brandreth Lake 41

Brantingham 64

Brasher Center 61

Breakabcen 49

Breesport 73

Brentwood 28

Bridgewater 18,47

Brierhill quadrangle 59-60

Brisbin 70

Bristol Center 87

Broadalbin 42,45

Broadalbin quadrangle . 45

Broadhead 50

Brockport 97

Brockport quadrangle 96-97

Brocton 94

Brokenstraw 95

Brown, Clark, work of.. 27, 31, 34, 38, 40," 41, 43, 48, 66

Brown ville 62

Buck 38

Buffalo 26

Buffalo quadrangle 26, 91

Bumstead, A. II., work of 52

Burdett 84,85

Burgoyne 43,' 44

Bums 25

Bumside 52

Bushnell Basin ' 81

CadosJa. . Caledonia.

Caledonia quadrangle. 23-24,88-89

Callicoon 21'

Cameron 14

Cameron Mills 14

Cameron quadrangle 14

Camp Comfort 32

Camp Perkins 32

Campbell Hall 22,58

Campbells 86

Campville 15

Canadice 88

Canajoharie 48

Canajoharie quadrangle 48-49

Canandaigua 87

Canandaigua Lake 87

Canandaigua quadrangle 87

Canaseraga 24,25

Canaseraga quadrangle 14, 24-25

Canastota 68

Candor 73

Caneadea 91

Canisteo 14

Canton quadrangle 60

Canyon Brook 36

' Cardiff 67

Caroline 74

i CarroUton 13

Carthage 11

Carthage quadrangle 11,64

Cascade 76

Castile 91

Castorland 11

Catatonk 73

Catlin Lake 41

Cato 79

Cattaraugus 13

Cayadutta Creek 43

Cayuga 77

Caywood 83

Cazeno via, 68

Cazenovia quadrangle 67-68

Cedar River 33

Cedarville 47

Center Moriches 29

Central Bridge 17

Central Valley 51

Centreville 69

Chace 91

Chadwick 18

Chain Lakes 33

Champion 64

Champlain Canal 44

Charley Lake 39

Charlotte 23,81

Charlotte Center 94

Chases Mill 60

Chatham 53

Chaumont 62

Chautauqua Point 95

Chautauqua quadrangle 95

Chemung 15

Chenango Bridge 69

Chenango Forks 69

Cherry Creek 94

CriftVL cuadrangle 13,94

Index.

Page-

Chichester 54

Childwold 40

Chipman 60

Chipmunk '. 92

Chippewa Village 63

Chittenango 68

Church ville 97

Cincinnatus 71

City B ook 35

Clarence 90

Clarendon 99

Clark, E. B., work of 27,77,87,96

Clarksville 92

Claverack 53

Clayton 61,62

Clayton quadrangle 11, 61-62

Clayville 18

Clearwater 40

Cleveland 68

Clifton Springs 82

Clinton Comers 50

Clintondale 22,61

Clintonrille 76

Clockville 68

Clyae. 79

Clyde quftdranglfi 79-80

CI jroer 96

Clymer quadrfuigle 96

Cohocton 86

Cohoes 17

echoes quadrangle 17

Colbums 95

Cold Brook 36

Cold Spring 25,28

Coldenham 51

Coleman 62

CoDege Point 50

Colliers 16

Collins 100

Columbia Center 47

Commack 28

Conewango 94

Contlingiillo, 45

Conquesl. 79

Constableville 63

Constantia 66

Cooperstown 46

Cooperstown Junction 16

Cooperstown quadrangle 16, 46

Copake 53

Copake quadrangle 53

Copenhagen 64

Corfu 90

Corinth 44

Coming 14

Coming quadrangle 14

Cornwall 51, 52

Cortland 72

Cortland quadrangle 72

Cottage City 87

Page.

Cotton.

j Countryman 36

Coventry 70

Coventry quadrangle 70

Coventryville 70

Covert 82

Coxsackie quadrangle 54

Craigs 89

Cranberry Creek 45

Crary ville 53

Crawford Junction 58

Creedmoor 28

Crittenden 90

Crystal Run 22

Cuba 13

Cuddebackville 59

Cimimin, R. D., work of 73, 84

Cuyler 67,71

Dale

Dansville ,

Darien

Darien Center

Davis

Dayton

De Peyster

Deansboro

Deer River...

Deerfield

Deerpark

Delanson

Delhi quadrangle

Delta

Denison Comers

Denning

Depauville

I.if'pi'w quadrniiglp...

Depofiit . ,

Di*p<>Blt quadrangle .

Deruyter

Devereaux

17,48

20,21

47,57,58,59,63,

ii|-1-"-

Dickinson Center

Dickinson quadrangle. . . Dimmick, G. M., work of

Dover Plains

Doyles

Dresserville

Driftwood

I try Iroofc

Dryden

Dryden quadrangle

Duane

Duimeeburg

Dunbar

Dundee

Dunkirk 12,

Dunkirk quadrangle 12, 27,

Durkeetown

66,93

27,93

Index.

Dutch Hill 71

Dwaarkill 58

Dyslnger Comers 98

E.

Eagle Harbor 88

Earlville 71

East Amherst 98

East Aurora 90

East Berne 48

East Bloomfield 87

East Boylston 65

East Clarence 98

East Coming 14

East Freetown 71

East Gaines 98

East Galway 44

East Homer 72

East Ithaca 74,75

East Martinsburg 11

East Northport 28

East Onondaga 66

East Palmyra 80

East Pembroke 98

East Pharsalia 71

East River ; 72

East Shelby 98

East Spencer 73

East Springfield 46

East Steamburg 83

East Steuben 11

East Williamson 80

East Windsor 69

East Winfield 47

East Worcester 16,56

Easton Comers 44

Eastport 29

Ebenezer 91

Eden Center 99

Eden quadrangle 26-27,99

Eden VaUey 99

Edenville 58

Edgewood 28, 55

Edwardsville 59, 60

Elba 99

Elkdale 13

Ellenville 57

Ellenville quadrangle 57-58

Eillnpton 95

Ellsworth 83

Elma Center 90

Elmira 15, 22

Elmira quadrangle 14-15, 22, 84

Elpis 65

Elsmere 52

Elting 22

Ennerdale 82

Enos 36

Erie Canal 66

Erieville 67

Erin 73

Enins 14

Esopus 50

Page.

Esperance 17

Essex-Hamilton county line 34

Etna 74

Evans Mills 62

Exeter 48

F.

Fabius 67

Factory village 44

Fair Oaks 58

Fairfield , 35

Fairhaven 98

Fairport 81

Fairview 91

Faison, E. L., work of 34,93

Falconer 94

Farmer 82

Farmingdale 29,52

Famham 27

Fawn Lake 38

Fayette 82

Felts Mills 11,62

Fenner 68

Fentonville 95

Fillmore 91

Findley Lake 96

Fishers Landing 62

Fleischmans 56

Fleming 77

Flemingville 69

Flockville 60

Floodwood 31

Florence 65

Fluvanna 95

Fonda 42

Fonda quadrangle 42-43

Forest Glen 61

Forest House 33

Forestburg 50

Forestlawn 81

Forestport 36

Forestville 13

Forge Hollow 47

Forks 91

Fort Covington 9

Fort Edward 44

Fort Plain 49

Fosterville 77

Fourth Lake 40

Fowler, A. T., work of 40

Fowlerville 23,24,63

Frankfort 35

Franklin 20

Frank lin ton , 49

Franklinville quadrangle 92

Fredonia 93, 94

Freeville 75

Frenchville 64

Friend 84

Friendship.. 13

Fulton 78

Fulton Chain 37,38

Fulton quadrangle 77-78

Fultonville 42

Index.

G. Page.

Gainestown 98

Galena 71

Galway 45

Gannett, S. S., work of 7

Gansevoort 44

Gardenville 91

Gardiner 61

Gardners Comers 64

Garwood 24

G sport 97

Gayetty, J. I., work of 63

Genesee Junction 23

Genesee Valley Junction 23, 87

Geneseo 88

Geneva 81

Geneva quadrangle 81-82

Genoa 83

Genoa quadrangle 82-83

Georgetown 67, 68

Gerry 95

Ghent 53

Gibson Comers 73

Gibsonville 89

Giffords 95

GUbert, W. W., work of.. 32,38,39,40,46,66,78,84

Gilbert MiUs 78

Gilboa quadrangle 55

Gill, A. W., work of 46,66

Gilman Lake 39

Glenfield 11,64

Glenhaven 76

Glens Falls quadrangle 44

Gloversville 42

Gloversville quadrangle 42

Goshen 58

Goshen quadrangle 21-22, 58

Gouvemeur quadrangle 60

Gowanda quadrangle 13, 100

Grand Gorge 56

Grant Mills 56

Great Bend 11

Great Valley 93

Greenboro 65

Greene 70

Green, W. E., work of 49,55,69,73,84

Greene quadrangle 70

Greenfield station 9

Greenhurst 95

Greenville 59

Greig 64

Greigsville 89

Greycourt 58

Gridley ville 73

Griffin 39

Griffith 95

Griswold 90

Groton City 75

Groveland 89

Guerdrum, G. H., work of 27

Guilford 70

Gulf Summit 21

Gulicksville 84

Guymard 21

H. Page.

Hadley 10,45

Hagedoms Mills 45

Halcottsville 56

Hales Eddy 21

Half Acre 77

Hallsville 49

Halsey VaUey 73

Hamburg 99

Hamilton 68

Hamilton-Essex County line 34

Hamlin 96

Hamlin quadrangle 96

Hammond, W. F., work of . . . 81,84,87

Hammondsport 85

Hammondsport quadrangle 85-86<

Hancock 20,21

Hancock quadrangle 20-21

Haney, L. T., work of 34

Hankins 21

Hannibal 79

Hansons 57

Hardys 91

Harford 72

Harford MiUs 72

Harford quadrangle 71-72

Harpersville 16,69

Harris 90-

Hartfield 94

Hartland 97

Hartwick quadrangle 48

Hartwick Seminary 46-

Hartwood 59

Hastings 66

Hauppauge 29

Havens, A. S., work of 63

Hawleyton 69

Hayt Comers 83

Helena 61

Hemlock 88

Hempstead quadrangle 28-

Herkimer 36

Herkimer County poorhouse 36-

Hermitage 91

Hessville 49

Heuvelton 60-

Hibemia 50

Highland 50

Highmarket quadrangle 64

Hilton 96

Himrod 83

Hinckley 36

Hinmansville 78

Hinsdale 13, 92

Hobart 56

Hobart quadrangle 56

Hodges, J. H., work of

Hogansburg 61

Hogansburg quadrangle 9,61

Holcomb 87

Holland quadrangle 100

Holley 99

Holmesville 19

Holtsville 29

Homer 72

Honeoye 88

Honeoye Falls 87

Index.

Soneoy? Jtmctdkn 23

Honeoye quadrangle 23,-88

Honnedaga 36,38

Honnedaga Lake 38

Hooker 64

Hoopor 15

Hope 39

Hornellsville 14,25

Homellsville quadrangle 14, 25

Horseheads 14, 15, 84

Horseshoe

Houghton

Houseville

Howe Cave

Howells

Hubbard sville .

Hudson

Hudson River .

Humphrey

Hunter

Huntington . . . Hyndsvllle

Ilion

Indian Lake

Indian Lake quadrangle.

Indian Lake Village

Indian River Bridge

Inghams Mills

Ira

Irondequoit

Irving

Italy

Ithaca

J.

Jamestown 94, 95

Jamestown quadrangle 94-95

Jamesville 67

Jeddo 98

Jennings, J. IL, work of 34,39,41,47,49,55,63,

66,69,73,77,81,84,87,89,92,96,99

Jericho 28

Jerseyfield Lake 37

Jerusalem Hill 47

J ewett Center 55 '

Johnson 59

Johnstown 42

Jordan 79

K.

TCaaterskill quadrangle 55

Kanona 86

Kasoag 65

Kasoag quadrangle 65

Keeney 67

Keepawa 40

Kelley , William, work of 41, 55, 61, 87, 93

Kelleys 17

Kelleys Comers 56

Kelloggsville. 76

Kendaia .. . . 83

Kendall, C. B., work of 7

Kendalls 85

Kennedy 94

Page.

Kenwells 38

Kiantone 95

Kildare 8

Kildare quadrangle 8, 40

Kile 73

Killawog 71

Killbuck 13,93

Kinderhook 54

Kinderhook quadrangle 53-54

Kings 9

Kings Flow dam 32

Kings Park 28

Kingston 50

Kingston Creek Bridge 50

Kipps.. 58

Kirkwood 20-21

Knapp Creek 92

Knickerbocker, C. E., work of 52

Ejiowelhurst 39

Knox 48

Krause, A. F., work of 31,41

Lackawack 57

Lacka waxen quadrangle 59

Lafargeville 62

Lafayette 75

Lake 58

Lake Clear 31

Lake Clear Junction 31

Lake Como , 75

Lake Massawepie 40

Lake Placid quadrangle 30

Lake Pleasant 39

Lake Pleasant quadrangle 39

Lake View 27

Lakeside 80

Lakewood 95

Langdon 20

Lansing 78

Laona 93

Lassellsville 42

Lassellsville quadrangle 42

Lathams Comer 19

Lawton 99

Lebanon 68

Leboeuf 9

Leicester 88

Leonardsville 19

Leroy 88,89

Lestershire 15

Lewey Lake 32

Lewis-Oswego Coimty line 65

Lexington 55

Leyden 11

Lillydale 93

Lima 87

Limerick U

Limestone 93

Lincklaen 71

Linwood 89

Lisbon 60

Index.

Lide 71

Little Falls 35

Little Falls quadrangle 35-36

Little Moose Lake 38

Little Ridge 23

Little Tupper Lake 40

Little Valley 13

Little York 72

Livingstonville 55

Livonia 87

Livonia Center 87

Lloyd 22,51

Locke 75

Lockport 98

Loclqwrt quadrangle 97-98

Lodi 83

Long E ddy 21

Long Eddy quadrangle 21

Long Lake 33, 34 , 41

Long Lake quadrangle 8,41

Long Lake West 40

Lordville 21

Lorrings 72

LoveU, W. H., work of . 31,34,38,41,43,61,87,89,93

Lowville 11

Lowville quadrangle 11

Ludlowville 83

Luzerne 45

Luzerne quadrangle 10, 45

Lyons 80

Lyons Falls 11

M.

McDiarmid, M. S., work of 34

Mclntyre 53

McKeever quadrangle 37

McNair, E. L., work of 9,

10, 12, 17, 22, 25, 34, 92, 96, 97

HcNalls Comers 98

Macedon quadrangle 80-81

Madrid 60

Maguire, J. B., work of 41,63,66,69

Maine 69

Mamakating 58

Manchester 82

Manheim 35

Manlius 66

Manorkill 55

Manorville 29

Maple Lake 36

Marathon 71

Marcellus 76

Marcellus Falls 76

Margaretville quadrangle 56

Marietta 76

Marion 80

Marion River carry 41

Marshville 48

Martindale 53

Marvin 96

Marvin, C. W., work of 69

Maryland 16

Massena

Massena quadrangle 61

Massena Springs 61

Maybury 72

Mayfield 42

Mays Point 82

Mayville 93, 94, 96

Maywood 19

Meacham Lake quadrangle 9

Meade, A. P., jr., work of 27, 30

Meadowbrook 52

Mechanicstown 22

Medina 98

Medina quadrangle 98

Merrick 28

Merrickville 20

Messengerville 71

Metcalf Lake 43

Mexico 66

Mexico quadrangle 66

Michigan MiUs 64

Middle FaUs 44

Middle Island , 29

Middleburg 49

Middlegrove 44

Middleport 98

Middlesex 86

Middletown 21

Middleville 35,36

Midway 75, 95

Midway Grove 95

Milford 46

Millbrook 52

Millbrook quadrangle 52-53

Millers Mills 47

Millerton 52, 53

Millgrove 90

Millport 84,85

Mills, G. C, work of 52

Milo Center 83

MUton 50

Mineola 28

Minerva 32

Minetto 77, 78

Minnehaha 37

Mitchell 81

Modena 22

Mohawk 46

Moira 9

Mongaup 59

Monroe 52

Monterey 85

Montezuma 79

Monticello quadrangle 59

Montour Falls 84

Montville 75

Moore, W. S. D., work of 49,50,54,57

Moose Pond 33

Moravia 75

Moravia quadrangle 75

Morehouse vllle 37, 43

Moriches quadrangle 29

Morristown 60

Morrisville 68

Morrisville quadrangle 68

Mortons Comers 99

Index.

Page.

Mount Morris 24, 89

Mount Pleasant 54

Mount Ridge 53

Mount Upton : 19

Mountainville 51

Mowbray 22

Mud Lake dam 38

Munnsville 68

Murray 98

N.

Nanticoke 72

Naples 86

Naples quadrangle 86

Narrowsburg 21

Narrowsburg quadrangle 21

Neeley town 22

Nehasane 40

Nelson 67

New Berlin 19

New Berlin Center 19

New Berlin Junction 19, 70

New Berlin quadrangle 19

New Forge 53

New Hartford 18

New EZingston 56

New Oregon 99

New York quadrangle 28

Newark 80

Newark Valley 69

Newburg 61

Newburg Junction 52

Newburg quadrangle 22, 51

Newcomb 30,33

Newcomb quadrangle 33

New Paltz 61

Newport 35, 78

Newville 46

Ninemile Creek 35

Nineveh 16

Nineveh quadrangle 15-16, 21, 69-70

Niverville 64

Nobleboro 37

Norfolk 61

North Boston 99

North Brookfield 47

North Candor 73

North Clymer 96

North Collins ; 99

North Creek 10

North Creek quadrangle 10

North Easton 44

North Evans 27

North Gage 35

North Galway 45

North Harpersfield 56

North Hector 83

North Kortright 56

North Lake 37, 38

North Lansing 75

North Norwich 71

North Osceola 64

North Pitcher 71

North River 32

North Rose 79

North Woods 33

Northampton

Northeast quadrangle

Northfield

Northport quadrangle

Northwood

Norway

Norwich

Norwich Comers

Norwich quadrangle ,

Norwood

Nunda

Nunda Junction

Nunda quadrangle 24, 89

O.

Oak Orchard 98

Oak Orchard quadrangle 98

Oakland Valley 59

Oakville 48

Obi 92

Odessa 85

Ogdensburg 59, 60

Ogdensburg quadrangle 60

Ohio 36,37

Olcott quadrangle 97

Old Forge 37

Old Forge quadrangle 37-38

Olean 13,92

Olean quadrangle 13, 92

Olive Branch.

Omar

Onativia

Onchiota

Oneonta

Oneonta quadrangle 16, 20

Onondaga Castle 67*

Onondaga Indian Village 67

Onoville 25

Ontario 80

Oppenheim 42

Oquaga 21

Oramel 91

Oran 67

Orchard Park 90

Oregon 32, 43

Oriskany Falls 47

Oriskany quadrangle „ 18,48

Orwell 65

Orwell quadrangle 65

Osceola 64

Ossian 89

Oswego 78, 79

Oswego quadrangle 79

Oswego-Lewis Coimty line 65

Otego 16

Otisco Lake 76

Otisville '.. 21

Otselic 71

Ovid Center 82

Ovid quadrangle 83

Owasco 75,76 .

O wego 15, 73

Owego quadrangle 15, 73

Oxford 52,70

Oyster Bay quadrangle 28

Index.

P. Page.

Paines Hollow 46

Painted Post 14,86

Palmyra 81

Palmyra quadrangle 80

Panama 05, 96

Pansy 86

Paris 47,48

Parish 66, 86

Park 73, 74

Parker

Patchin 1

Patchogue

Paul Smith

PaTiUoa f 'en tej-

Pearl Creek

Pembroke

Pendleton

Penn Yan

Penn Yan quadrangle.

Porcrh Riivr

Perry

Perrysburg

Perryville

Peru

Peruville

Peterboro

Petit, I. W., work of..

Phelps Junction

Phelps quadrangle

Phillips Milb

Philmont

Phoenicia

Phoenicia quadrangle.

Phoenix

Piflfard

Pike

68,74

82 ;

82 [

54 t

54 '

20 :

54,56 i

84 !

43 ,

47 !

Pike Five Comers

Pine

Pine Bush ,

Pine Hill

Pine Island

Pine Plains

Pine Valley

Piseco

Piseco quadrangle

Pitcher quadrangle

Plainfield Center

Plain ville 78

Plattekill 51

Pleasant Valley 50

Point Rock 65

Poland 35

Pomme, A. B., work of 34,73

Poolville 68

Port Byron 79

Port Crane 15

Port Ewen 50

Port Jefferson 29

Port Jervis 21

Port Jervis quadrangle 21,59

Port Leyden 11, 63

Port Leyden quadrangle 11,63-64

Portage quadrangle 91

Portageville 91

Portville 92

Page.

Potter Center 84

Poughkeepsie 22, 50

Poughkeepsie quadrangle 22, 50

Prattsburg 86

Prattsville 55

Preble 72

Preston Pond 30

Prospect 36,94

Pulaski quadrangle 65

Q.

Quaker Bridge 25

Quaker Springs 44

R.

Rainbow Lake 31

Randolph 94

Raquette Falls 41

Raquette Lake 41

Raquette Lake quadrangle 41

Rathbone 14

Raymondville 61

Red Creek 79

Red Mills 60

Red Mills quadrangle 60

Redfield 65

Redhouse 25

Redhouse quadrangle 13, 25, 94

Redwood 62

Reeds Mill 36

Remsen 11,36

Remsen quadrangle 11, 36

Reniff 74

Rensselaer Falls 60

Rensselaerville 48

Reubens 71

Rexf ord 17

Rhinebeck quadrangle 50

Ricard 65

Rich Lake 33

Richards Landing 61

Richfield J unction 18

Richfield Springs 46

Richfield Springs quadrangle 46

Richford 72

Richmond ville 16

Richmondville quadrangle 16, 56

Ridgeroad 97

Ridgeway quadrangle 98

Rifton 51

Riverhead 29

Riverhead quadrangle 29

Riverside 10, 21

l: of 41,87,93

Rock City Falls 44

Rock Rift 20

Rockdale , 19

Rochester 23

HtJOhot-T ij ij:i . i 23, 81

Rockvilli i 13]] if 28

R..cl:\vilis MLIM 19

Rockwood 42

Ronkonkoma 29

Rosendale 51

Rosendale quadrangle 50-51

Index.

Page.

Ross 24

Rossman 54

Roxbury 56

Rudiston 43

Rush Junction 87

Rushf ord 92

Rushmer Road 34

Rushville 82

Rutland Hill 29

S.

Sabael 32

Sage 19

St. Elmo 22

St. Johnsville 42

St. Lawrence 62

St. Regis Falls 9

St. Regis quadrangle 8, 31

Salamanca 13, 25

Salamanca quadrangle 13, 25, 92-93

Salem 34

Salisbury 35

Salisbury Comers 35

Salt Point 50

Sammonsville 43

Samsonville 57

Sanf ord 62

Sangerfield , 47

Sangerfield quadrangle 18-19, 47

Sanitaria Springs 15

Santa Clara 9

Santanoni quadrangle 30

Saquoit 18

Saranac Inn 31

Saranac Junction 31

Saranac Lake 30,31

Saranac quadrangle 30-31

Saratoga 44

Saratoga quadrangle 9, 44

Saratoga Springs 9

Sarles Ferry 44

Savannah 80

Savona 85

Sayles Comer 76

Schenectady 9, 17

Schenectady quadrang'e 9, 17

Schenevus 16

Schoharie 49

Schoharie Junction 17

Schoharie quadrangle 16-17, 49

Schroon Lake quadrangle 32

Schunemimk quadrangle 51-52

Schuyler 44

Schuyler Jimction 44

Schuyler Lake 48

Schuylerville 43, 44

Schuylerville quadrangle 43-44

Sclo 14

Scipio 76

Scott 92

Scottsville 23

Selden 29

Semper, C. H., work of 8,

18, 20, 22, 27, 30, 34, 40, 41, 69, 77, 81, 87

Seneca Falls 82

Setauket 29

Page

Setauket quadrangle 29

Severance 23

Seward 57

Shandaken 54,56

Sharon 49

Sharon Center 49

Sharon Springs 49

Sheds Comers 67

Shekomeko 53

Shelby Town 98

Sheridan 13

Sherman 96

Shokan 57

Shongo 25

Shongo quadrangle 14

Shutts Comers 49

Sidel, George, work of 27, 30, 63, 87, 89, 93

Sidney 16,19

Sidney quadrangle 16, 19, 70

Silver Creek 27

Silver Creek quadrangle. 27

Silver Lake 39

Silver Lake Jimction 91

Silver Springs 91

Sixth Lake 38

Sixth Lakedam 38

Skaneateles 76

Skaneateles Lake 76

Skaneateles quadrangle 75-76

Slate Hill 58

Slaterville Springs..., 74

Shdc Mountain 54

Shde Mountain quadrangle 57

Smith, G. S., workof 27,30,38,40,48

Smithboro 15

Smiths Mills 13

Smith to wn 29

Smithtown Branch 29

Smithville Flats 70

Sodus 80

Sodus Center : 80

Solon 72

Solvay water tank 67

Sonyea 24

South Albion 66

South Avon 88

South Barre 99

South Butler 79

South Bjrron 99

South CarroUton 93

South Columbia 47

South Edmeston 19

South Gilboa 56

South Haven 29

South Lima 88

South Livonia 87

South New BerUn 19

South Schenectady 17

South Scriba 78

South Trenton 35

South Unadilla 19

South Valley 57

South Warsaw 91

South Worcester 66

Southport 22

Spafford 76

Index.

Sparrowsbush 21

Speculator 32

Speedsville 74

Spencer 73

Spencerport 96

Spring Brook 90

Spring Cove 9

Spring Glen 57

Springfield Center 46

Springtown 51

Springwater 88

Sprout Brook 49

Spruce Lake 38

Stafford 44,89

Stamford 56

Stanley 82

Starkville. 46

Starr Farm 95

State line 70,96

Sterling 79

Steuben 11, 64

Stewart 57

Stockport 21,54

Stockton 93

Stokes 64

Stone Mill 62

Stony Brook 29

Stony Creek 10, 45

Stony Creek quadrangle 39

Stony Ford 22

Stony Hollow 50

Stottville 54

Stratford 42

Strykersville 55

Stujrvesant Falls 54

Summerdale 96

Summit 57, 70,91

Summitville 58

Sundown 57

Sutton, Frank, work of 92, 93, 97

Swains 24

Swartwood 74

Sweden Center 97

Sweets 19

Syosset 28

Syracuse 66

Syracuse quadrangle 66

T.

Taberg quadrangle 64-65

Tabor Comers 88

Tahawus 33

"The Glen ' 10

Theresa 62

Theresa quadrangle ii,62

Third Lake 37

Thirteenth Lake House 32

Thirteenth Lake quadrangle 32

Thomas, J. E., work of 43

Thomson, R. P., work of 63,99

Thompson Ridge 58

Threemile Bay 62

Throopsville 77

Thurman 10, 45

Tioga Center 15

Townsend 85

Pacre.

Transit 98

Trenton 36

Trumansburg 82

Truxton 72

Tucker, L. E., work of 38,63

Tufts, W. O., work of 58

Tully 67

Tully Center 67

Tully quadrangle 67

Tunnel 15, 16

Tupper Lake 41

.Tupper Lake Junction 8, 41

Tupper Lake quadrangle 40

Turin 63

Turners 52

Tuscarora 24

Tusten 21

Tuttles. 87

Twelve Comers 76

Tyrone 85

U.

Ulster Park 50

Unadilla 'l6

Union 16, 69

Union Hill 80

Union Springs 76

Union Square 66

Upper Ebenezer 90

Urbana 85

Utica 18,34

Utica quadrangle 18, 34-35

Valatie 54

Van Etten Junction 74

Van Loan, Seth, work of 48,49,52

Van Nostrands 45

Vandalia 13

Varick 81

Varna 74

Varysburg 90

Venice Center 83

Vermilion 78

Vermontville 31

Vestal 69

Vestal Center 69

Victor 87

Victory Mills 43

Vintonton 49

Virgil 72

Volusia 94

W.

Waddington quadrangle 60

Waites 27

Wakelydam 32,33

Walden 22, 51

Wales Center 90

Walker, A. M., work of . . . 32, 34, 38, 39, 41, 46, 48, 66

Wallace 86

Wallington 80

Wallkill 51

Walton 20-

Index.

Page.

Walton quadrangle 20

Walworth 81

Warners 78,95

Warrensburg 45

Warsaw 89,91

Warwick 58

Washington Mills 18

Wassaic 52

Water Valley 99

Watertown 11,63

Watertown quadrangle 11, 63

Watkins 84,85

Watkins quadrangle 84-85

Watts Flats 95

Waverly 15

Waverly quadrangle 15, 73-74

Wawbeek 31

Wayland 88

Wayland quadrangle 88

Wayne Center 80

Webster 81

Webster Crossing 88

Weedsport 79

Weedsport quadrangle 79

Wells 39

Wellsburg 15

Wellsville 14

Weltonville 69

Wende 90

West Amboy 65

West Bloomfield 87

West Branch 64

West Camden 65

West Canada Creek 36

West Canada Lakes quadrangle 38

West Candor 73

West Chenango 69

West Eaton 68

West Edmeston 19

West Exeter 47

West Fulton 49

West Galway 45

West Hurley 50

West Junius 81

West Leyden 64

West Park 50

West Portland 94

West Rush 87

West Salamanca 13

West Seneca '. 26

West Shandaken 56

West Stony Creek 39

West Taghkanick 53

Page.

West Winfield 47

Westerlo 48

Westerville 64

Westfield 94

Westfield quadrangle 94

Wethersfield Springs 91

Wetmore 64

Westtown 59

Wheat, J. H., work of 77

Wheatville 98

Wheeler 86

White Creek 35

White Lake 37

White Lake quadrangle 59

Whiteport 51

White's store 19

Whites 23

Whites Comers 99

Whites Mills 71

Whitman, J. M., work of 27

Whitney Point 70

Willard 70,83

Willets Point ' 28

Williamson 80

Williamstown 65

Willow Creek 82

Willowvale 18

Wihnurt 37

Wilmurt quadrangle 37

Wilson, H. M., work in charge of 7

Winchells 53

Windham 55

Windsor 69,81

Winfield quadrangle 18, 47-48

Winterton 58

Winthrop 61

Wolcott 79

Wolf Run 25

Woodbury 51

Woods Lake : 40

Woodwards Hollow 99

Wooglin 94

Worcester 16

Wurtsboro 58

Y.

York 24

Young, GUbert, work of 99

Youngs 19

Z.

Zurich 80

Classification Of The Publications Of The United States Geological

Survey.

[Bulletin No. 281.]

The publications of the United States Geological Survey consist of (1) Annual -Reports, (2) Monographs, (JJ) Professional Papers, (4) Bulletins, (5) Mineral -*esources, (6) Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers, (7) Topographic Atlas of mted States — folios and separate sheets thereof, (8) Geologic Atlas of United "ttes — folios thereof. The classes numbered 2, 7, and 8 are sold at cost of pub- -ca-tion; the others are distributed free. A circular giving complete li&ts may be

Most of the above publications may be obtained or consulted in the following

1. A limited number are delivered to the Director of the Survey, from whom "Hey may be obtained, free of charge (except classes 2, 7, and 8), on application.

2. A certain number are delivered to Senators and Representatives in Con- X'ess, for distribution.

3. Other copies are deposited with the Superintendent of Documents, Washing- "toii, D. C, from whom they may be had at prices slightly above cost.

4. Copies of all Government publications are furnished to the principal public libraries in the large cities throughout the United States, where they may be consulted by those interested.

The Professional Papers, Bulletins, and Water-Supply Papers treat of a variety of subjects, and the total number issued is large. They have therefore been classified into the following series: A, Economic geology; B, Descriptive geology; C, Systematic geology and paleontology; D, Petrography and mineralogy; E, Chemistry and physics; F, Geography; G, Miscellaneous; H, Forestry; I, Irrigation; J, Water storage; K, Pumping water; L, Quality of water; M, General hydrographic investigations; N, Water power; O, Underground waters; P, Hydrographic progress reports. This paper is the forty-ninth in Series F, the complete list of which follows (all are bulletins thus far except Professional Paper 45):

Series F, Geography.

, 5. Dictionary of altitudes in United States, by Henry Gannett. 1884. 325 pp. (Out of stock; see No. 274.) 6. Elevations in Dominion of Canada, by J. W. Spencer. 1884. 43 pp. (Out of stock.) 13. Boundaries of United States and of the sevei-al States and Territories, with historical sketch of territorial changes, by Henry Gannett. 1885. 135 pp. (Out of stock; see Bulletin 226. )

48. On form and position of sea level, by R. S. "Woodward. 1888. 88 pp. (Out of stock.)

49. Latitudes and longitudes of certain points in Missouri, Kansas, and New Mexico, by R. S.

Woodward. 1889. 133 pp.

50. Formulas and tables to facilitate the <.'construction and use of maps, by R. S. Woodward.

1889. 124 pp. 10. Report on astronomical work of 1889 and 1890, by R. S. Woodward. 1890. 79 pp. 72. Altitudes between Lake Superior and Rocky Mountains, by Warren Upham. 1891. 229 pp. 76. Dictionary of altitudes in United States (second edition), by Henry Gannett. 1891. 393 pp.

(Out of stock; see No. 274.)

115. Geographic dictionary of Rhode Island, by Henry Gannett. 1894. 31 pp. (Out of stock. )

116. Geographic dictionary of Massachusetts, by Henry Gannett. 1894. 126 pp. (Out of stock.)

117. Geographic dictionary of Connecticut, by Henry Gannett. 1894. 67 pp. (Out of stock.)

118. Geographic dictionary of New Jersey, by Henry Gannett. 1894, 131 pp. (Out of stock.)

122. Results of primary triangulation, by Henry Gannett. 1894. 412 pp., 17 pis. (Out of stock. )

123. Di(.'tionary of geographic positions, by Henry Gannett. 1895. 183 pp., 1 pi. (Out of stock.) 154. Gazetteer of Kansas, by Henry Gannett. 1898. 246 pp., 6 pis.

Bull. 281—06 8

Ii Series List. X ;5

leo. Dictionary of altitudes in United States (third tKlition.), by HeniT Gannett. 1999. nS 99;"

(Out of stock: st'c no. 271. ) IBG. Qas&ettoer of Utah, liy Henry Gannett. ]*Ml 48 pp., 1 map. 19. Altitudes in Alanka, by Henry liannott. V.m. 13 pp. 170. Survey of Ijoundary line let weon Idaho and Montana from international boundary to crat

of Bitterroot Mountainn. by R. U. Uinxle. ij7 pp., U pin. 171. Boundaries of United StatHH and of the HL'Vfral States and Territories, with ontliiie of

history of all chanfjres of ten"itor>* tm-ond edition), ]y Henr>' GNinnett. 19Q0l

142 pii., ra pis. ( Out of Htotrk. )

174. Survey of northwtmtern Umndary of United States, 1857-18*51, by Marcus Baker. 1900L

78 pj)., 1 pi.

175. TrianguUition and spirit leveliut? in Indian Teiritury, by (.'. H. Fitch. 1900. 141 pp., 1 pL 181. Results of primary triunnlutiini and primary traversts ftscnl year ltNlO-1901, by H. M.

Wilson, J. II. Renshawe, E. M. DoujLis, and R. U. (4fKKle. :i-Hl pp.. 1 map. 188. Gazetteer of Porto Ri-n, ])y Henry (+anu<'tt. IWM. 51 pp. (Out of stock.)

186. Results of spirit , flsi-al y'ar .by II. M. Wilstm, J. H. Renshawe. E. M. JkmglaM,

and R. U. Goode. I'.MJl. 21U pp.

187. Gcccrapliic di<*tionary of Alaska, liy Marcus Baker. 1901. 44:i pp. (Out of stock.) 100. Gassetteer .f Texas, by Henry Gannett. lUtt. pp., 8 pLs. (( )ut of stwk.)

IObJ. Gazetteer of Cuba, by Henry (Gannett. J9(. 1 1:} 8 pis. ( Out 4 stock.)

194. Northwest boundary of Texas, liy Mar<'UH Baker. liUK. 51 pp., 1 pi.

190. development of tlie Kltiuiuth MountaiiiH. by J. S. Diller. liXC. 09 pp., 18 ills.

197. The origin of certain pUu*e names in the United States, by Henry Gannett. 1908. SSOpp.

(Out of sto<-k; we no. '2'ts. 201. Results of primary tri anovulation and primary tnivei'se. tlwal year IIMH-:*, by H. M. Wilson,

J. II. Renshawe. K. M. D.mj'las. and R. I', (ioo:!,.. ItKtt. \VA pp., 1 pi. 214. Geograpliii* tables and formulas. (MmipiliMl by S. S. (Tannett. IWCi pp. (Out of stock.) 816. Results of primary trianjrulation and primary travei*se, fiscal year IIMB-Ji. by S. S. Gannett.

lfl(. :J22 pp., 1 pi. SS4. Gazetteer of Texa ]>y Henry (iaunett. llMH. ITT pp.. T pLs. 228. of tlu' United States and of tlie several Stati's and Territorits, with an outline

of the history ot all chunk?es of territory ithii-d edition., by Henry Gannett.

14.-. pp., iA pis. 230. (Gazetteer of Delaware, by Henry (Tannett. V.m. l->pp. 281. Gazetteer of Maryland, by Henry Gannett. IIHM. vS4 pj). 2JtJ. Gazetteer of Virjrinia, by Henry (rannett. \SHH. l.V.Jpp. 233. (4azetteer of West Virjinia, by Henry (lannett. HH pp.

284. (Geographic tables and formulas (second editions compiled by S. S. Gannett. 1904. 810 pp. 245. Results of primary triaujinlatictn and trait-rs*.?. ll.st'alyear lWtt-3, by S. S. Gannett.

V.m. :tis pp.. 1 1,1. 248. Gazetteer of Indian Territory, by Henry (rannett. r.>o4. To pp. 258. The origin of certain plae in the United States tsiM'oml iHlition), by Henry Gannett.

liMf). ;fi-;i pp.

Professional PaiM'r 4'). The j;eogi'aphy and geology tf Alaska, a summary of existing knowledge, by A. H. with a on climate, by Cleveland Abbe, jr., and a topomap and description thereof, U. U. (timkIc.

274. A dictionary of altitudes in the I'mtod States i fourth editicm 1. compileil by Henry Gannett.

276. Results of prinuiry and primary irauivef*e. llscal year by S. S. GannetL IIKM. pp. 1 pi.

281. Kesull.s of leveling in llie Stale oi New Ynrk iir the years 1896 to 1905, inclusive, by S. 8. (Jaunett and D. H. Biildwin. lunc. llj pji,

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