Groundwater and surface-water resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan area and adjacent areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Montrose Counties, Colorado

Masbruch, Melissa D.-X mmasbruch@usgs.gov, Shope, Christopher L. cshope@usgs.gov · 2014 · Report

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Canyon Country District Office is preparing a leasing plan known as the Moab Master Leasing Plan (Moab MLP) for oil, gas

This 2014 document, Groundwater and surface-water resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan area and adjacent areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Montrose Counties, Colorado, is preserved in the Mountain Man Mining Library for research and reference. Original source: pubs.usgs.gov.

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1062 Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area and Adjacent Areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Montrose Counties, Colorado

Cover photo: Large photo, looking west from Green River Overlook, Canyonlands National Park Island in the Sky District, April 2013. Small photo, looking south from Wooden Shoe Arch Overlook, Canyonlands National Park Needles District, April 2013.

Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area and Adjacent Areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Montrose Counties, Colorado By Melissa D. Masbruch and Christopher L. Shope Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management Open-File Report 2014-1062 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey

U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod. To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Masbruch, M.D., and Shope, C.L., 2014, Groundwater and surface-water resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan area and adjacent areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Mon-those Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1062, 85 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ ofr20141062. ISSN 2331-1258

Contents Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Purpose and Scope 2 General Description of the Study Area 2 Previous Investigations 4 Geology 5 Hydrogeologic Characterization 6 Unconsolidated Aquifers 8 Mesaverde Aquifer 8 Mancos Confining Unit 9 Dakota Aquifer 9 Brushy Basin Confining Unit 9 Morrison Aquifer 9 Tidwell-Summerville Confining Unit 10 Entrada Aquifer 10 Dewey Bridge Confining Unit 11 Glen Canyon Group Aquifer 11 Lower Mesozoic Confining Unit 12 Cutler Formation Aquifer 12 Upper Paleozoic Confining Unit 12 Lower Paleozoic Aquifer System 13 Surface-Water Resources 13 Perennial Streams and Rivers 13 Ephemeral or Intermittent Streams 15 Surface-Water Data 15 Daily Streamflow Statistics 15 General Streamflow Classification 24 Surface-Water Quality 26 Groundwater 30 Springs 30 Wells 30 Water Levels 30 Potential Recharge Areas 69 Groundwater Budget 69 Recharge 69 Direct Infiltration of Precipitation 73 Seepage From Streams and Irrigation Water 73 Subsurface Inflow 73 Discharge 74 Seepage to Streams 74 Evapotranspiration 74 Springs and Seeps 74

Well Withdrawals and Groundwater Use 75 Subsurface Outflow 75 Groundwater Quality 77 Lower Paleozoic Aquifer System 77 Cutler Formation Aquifer 77 Glen Canyon Group Aquifer 79 Entrada Aquifer 79 Morrison Aquifer 79 Dakota Aquifer 79 Mesaverde Aquifer 79 Unconsolidated Aquifers 79 Brines and Saline Groundwater 80 Future Work 80 Summary 80 References Cited 82 Figures Map showing location of the study area and Moab Master Leasing Plan area, Utah and Colorado 3 Map showing location of surface-water sites within the study area reported in the National Water Information System database 14 Map showing location of U.S. Geological Survey streamgages used to compute daily streamflow statistics within the study area and associated group classification 23 Hydrographs showing daily stream discharge statistics of representative streams for each of the six stream groups within the study area 24 Hydrographs showing mean annual surface-water discharge, grouped by stream classification 27 Map showing mean field-measured specific conductance for surface-water sites within the study area 29 Map showing location of spring sites within the study area reported in the National Water Information System database 31 Map showing location of wells within the study area reported in the National Water Information System database 32 Map showing mean discharge for springs reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area 38 Map showing mean water-level altitude for wells reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area 63 Map showing location of wells within the study area that have long-term water-level records reported in the National Water Information System database 64 Hydrographs of wells with long-term water-level records within the study area 65 Map showing distribution of hydrologic soil characteristics and areas with more than 8 inches of winter precipitation within the study area 70

Map showing locations of previous groundwater studies with estimated groundwater budget components 71 Map showing use of groundwater from well withdrawals throughout the study area as reported by the Utah Division of Water Rights 76 Map showing mean field-measured specific conductance of groundwater from springs and wells within the study area 78 Tables Principal aquifers and confining units within the study area, Utah and Colorado 7 Streamgage and surface-water sites that have more than location data reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area, Utah and Colorado 16 Streamgages with daily discharge data from the National Water Information System database used to estimate streamflow statistics within the study area, Utah and Colorado 21 Spring sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado 33 Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado 39 Summary of previously reported estimates of groundwater-budget components for Moab-Spanish Valley and parts of the Paradox Basin 72

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows: °F=(1.8×°C)+32 In this report, specific conductance is reported in microsiemens per centimeter (µS/cm). *Transmissivity: The standard unit for transmissivity is cubic foot per day per square foot times foot of aquifer thickness [(ft3/d)/ft2]ft. In this report, the mathematically reduced form, foot squared per day (ft2/d), is used for convenience. Datums Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Altitude, as used in this report, refers to distance above the vertical datum. Conversion Factors and Datums SI to Inch/Pound Multiply By To obtain Length inch (in.) centimeter (cm) foot (ft) meter (m) mile (mi) kilometer (km) Area acre square kilometer (km2) square mile (mi2) square kilometer (km2) Volume acre-foot (acre-ft) 1,233 cubic meter (m3) Flow rate gallon per minute (gal/min) liter per second (L/s) cubic foot per second (ft3/s) cubic meter per second (m3/s) acre-foot per year (acre-ft/yr) 1,233 cubic meter per year (m3/yr) Radioactivity picocurie per liter (pCi/L) becquerel per liter (Bq/L) Transmissivity* foot squared per day (ft2/d) meter squared per day (m2/d)

Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area and Adjacent Areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Montrose Counties, Colorado By Melissa D. Masbruch and Christopher L. Shope Rivers) integrate the regional hydrologic partitioning of a very large contributing area and, therefore, the hydrographs for these streams are much more smooth and consistent. Several streams throughout the study area are considered impaired and do not meet the standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency for specific designated-use classifications. Limited data are available to quantitatively estimate the large-scale regional groundwater budget for the study area. Previous studies have estimated groundwater budgets for areas in and adjacent to the current study area, namely MoabSpanish Valley and parts of the Paradox Basin. Most ground­ water recharge to the study area originates as infiltration of precipitation from upland areas and is further enhanced in areas covered with sandy soils or in areas where the bedrock is highly fractured. Additional groundwater recharge occurs as seepage from streams and irrigation water, and as subsurface inflow, both vertically between aquifers and as lateral move­ ment into the study area. Groundwater discharge occurs as seepage to streams, evapotranspiration, to springs and seeps, well withdrawals; and as subsurface outflow, both vertically between aquifers and as lateral movement out of the study area across its defined boundaries. Groundwater use in the study area was determined using data from the Utah Division of Water Rights. Most wells in the study area are categorized as having multiple uses. Mean specific-conductance values for groundwater from wells and springs in the study area range from 101 to 220,000 microsiemens per centimeter at 25° C (µS/cm); most of the wells or springs have mean specific-conductance values of less than or equal to 1,000 µS/cm. Previously reported total dis­ solved-solids concentrations, specific conductances, and other groundwater-quality data for each of the principal aquifers indicate relative freshwater throughout the study area, except within the lower aquifer system and areas in contact with the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation evaporites. There is limited information on the resource availability of brines and saline groundwater in the study area. Total dissolved-solids concentrations typically are high (greater than Abstract The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Canyon Country District Office is preparing a leasing plan known as the Moab Master Leasing Plan (Moab MLP) for oil, gas, and potash mineral rights in an area encompassing 946,469 acres in south­ eastern Utah. The BLM has identified water resources as being potentially affected by oil, gas, and potash development and has requested that the U.S. Geological Survey prepare a sum­ mary of existing water-resources information for the Moab MLP area. This report includes a summary and synthesis of previous and ongoing investigations conducted in the Moab MLP and adjacent areas in Utah and Colorado from the early 1930s through the late 2000s. Eight principal aquifers and six confining units were identified within the study area. Permeability is a function of both the primary permeability from interstitial pore connective­ ity and secondary permeability created by karst features or faults and fractures. Vertical hydraulic connection generally is restricted to strongly folded and fractured zones, which are concentrated along steeply dipping monoclines and in narrow regions encompassing igneous and salt intrusive masses. Sev­ eral studies have identified both an upper and lower aquifer system separated by the Pennsylvanian age Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation evaporite, which is considered a confining unit and is present throughout large parts of the study area. Surface-water resources of the study area are dominated by the Colorado River. Several perennial and ephemeral or intermittent tributaries join the Colorado River as it flows from northeast to southwest across the study area. An annual spring snowmelt and runoff event dominates the hydrology of streams draining mountainous parts of the study area, and most perennial streams in the study area are snowmelt-domi­ nated. A bimodal distribution is observed in hydrographs from some sites with a late-spring snowmelt-runoff peak followed by smaller peaks of shorter duration during the late summer. The large regional streams (Colorado, Green, and Dolores

2    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area 35,000 milligrams per liter) in groundwater from, or in contact with, the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation. Total dissolved-solids concentrations also are high in groundwater samples collected from the lower aquifer system. Because the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation is considered a barrier to vertical groundwater flow, most of the brine and saline groundwater resources are restricted to the lower aquifer system. Introduction The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Canyon Country District Office is preparing a leasing plan known as the Moab Master Leasing Plan (Moab MLP) for oil, gas, and potash mineral rights in an area encompassing 946,469 acres in Grand and San Juan Counties in southeastern Utah. The BLM has received recent expressions of interest to lease about 120,000 acres of BLM land for oil and gas exploration. Additionally, the BLM has received 170 potash mining permit applications covering 350,000 acres. This planning effort may lead to amendments to area resource management plans. An envi­ ronmental impact statement (EIS) will be prepared to analyze development scenarios and land use plan alternatives with varying mitigation levels for mineral leasing. The BLM has identified water resources as being potentially affected by oil, gas, and potash development and has requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) prepare a summary of existing water-resources information for the Moab MLP area. Purpose and Scope The purpose of this report is to present a summary of the hydrogeology and existing water resources within the Moab MLP and adjacent areas. The report provides information that will assist the BLM in developing leasing configurations, addressing resource conflicts, and developing mitigation strategies for the Moab MLP area, and will serve as the basis for analysis of water-resource issues in the EIS. This report includes a summary and synthesis of previous and ongoing investigations conducted in the Moab MLP and adjacent areas from the early 1930s through the late 2000s. The data compilation and summary are divided into several major parts including: (1) a description of the hydrogeology of the area with focus on the major aquifers, confining units, and geologic structures that may affect groundwater flow; (2) an assessment of surface-water resources including flow and general water-quality data, and a summary of streams identi­ fied as impaired with respect to water quality under the Clean Water Act; (3) an assessment of spring locations, discharge, and water-quality data; (4) an assessment of groundwater resources including potential recharge areas, water-level data, water-quality data, groundwater-use data, and summary of groundwater budget estimates for the area; and (5) an assess­ ment of brackish groundwater as a potential water resource for use in potash development. General Description of the Study Area The Moab MLP area is located in southeastern Utah in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB; fig. 1). The Moab MLP area surrounds two National Parks and is home to some of the most iconic natural scenery on the Colorado Plateau. About 2 million people per year visit the area to participate in a wide variety of recreational activities (Bureau of Land Manage­ ment, 2012). Additionally, the area has a high potential for the development of oil, gas, and potash production, which has steadily increased in the planning area during recent years (Bureau of Land Management, 2012). The Moab MLP area includes approximately 946,469 acres in southeastern Utah, encompassing 526,784 acres in Grand County and 419,685 acres in San Juan County (fig. 1). Nearly 783,000 acres of public lands are included within the Moab MLP area. The Moab MLP area is south of Interstate 70 and surrounds Arches National Park. The Green River and Canyonlands National Park form the western boundary of the Moab MLP area. South of the city of Moab, the planning area extends between Canyonlands National Park and U.S. Route 191, to just north of the Abajo Mountains and Monticello, Utah. For the purposes of the hydrogeologic assessment pre­ sented in this report, the study area was extended beyond the boundaries of the Moab MLP area to the watershed boundaries that contribute water to the Moab MLP area (fig. 1). Inclu­ sion of the surrounding watersheds in the study area provides a more complete analysis of water resources and movement of water near and through the Moab MLP area. The study area is bounded by the Book Cliffs on the north, the La Sal Mountains and Uncompahgre Plateau on the east, the Abajo Mountains on the south, and the Green River on the west. It includes all of Arches National Park and parts of Canyonlands National Park. The study area is located entirely within the Canyonlands section of the Colorado Plateaus physiographic province (Fenneman, 1931; Fenneman and Johnson, 1946; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Canyonlands section encompasses the Green and Colorado Rivers and is dissected by numerous deep canyons dividing the Mesozoic aquifers into subregionally drained systems (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Canyonlands section is characterized by young to mature plateaus and large topographic relief. Although the 12,000-mi2 Paradox Basin is not a definable physiographic feature, it is described as an area of the Colorado Plateaus that is underlain by a sequence of Pennsylvanian-age evaporites dominated by halite bedding (Hite and Lohman, 1973), and occurs in areas throughout the southeastern part of the study area (fig. 1). The study area has a diverse climate because of the varia­ tion in altitude and the orographic effect of mountains on the movement of air masses and storms. Pacific air masses and storm events dominate the regional weather from October through April, and warm moisture-laden air masses from the Gulf of Mexico are frequent occurrences throughout the sum­ mer. The summer monsoonal storm events are less frequent,

Introduction    3 Figure 1.  Location of the study area and Moab Master Leasing Plan area, Utah and Colorado. UTAH COLORADO UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Salt Wash Professor Creek Onion Creek Castle Creek Placer Creek Mill Creek Kane Springs Creek Indian Creek Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Cliffs Book Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau Castle Valley Castle Valley Moab-Spanish Valley Moab-Spanish Valley La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Island in the Sky Island in the Sky The Needles The Needles Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Paradox Basin boundary EXPLANATION Denver U T A H U T A H C O L O R A D O C O L O R A D O Salt Lake City Study area

4    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area although more intense, than the Pacific storms. Land-surface altitudes exceed 4,900 ft throughout much of the Colorado Plateaus province. Deep incised canyons, escarpments, and benches have resulted from differential erosion of variabledensity stratigraphic layers and typically parallel structural features (Weir and others, 1983). Land-surface altitudes in the study area range from 3,800 ft near the Colorado and Green Rivers to 12,700 ft in the La Sal Mountains. Mean annual precipitation ranges from a minimum of about 6 in. at Green River, Utah, to about 30 in. in the La Sal Mountains (Blanchard, 1990; Steiger and Susong, 1997). The mean annual temperature near Moab (altitude 4,000 ft) is 13.3 °C, and ranges from -7.8 °C in January to 36.8 °C in July based on 124 years of records (Western Regional Climate Center, various dates). The mean annual temperature in the La Sal Mountains at an altitude of 9,560 ft is about 4 °C (Natural Resources Conservation Service, various dates). Evaporation constitutes the bulk of consumptive water use (Weir and others, 1983), which includes water loss through vegetative transpiration and evaporation from land, vegetation, and water surfaces. The annual potential evapotranspiration rate for the Moab-Monticello area is about 40 in., and ranges from 25 in. near the higher mountain peaks to 55 in. at lower altitudes (Weir and others, 1983). These estimates of poten­ tial water loss may constitute a much greater estimate than actual water loss because soil moisture is nearly continuously deficient in arid and semiarid environments that occur in the canyons and valleys throughout the study area (Weir and oth­ ers, 1983). Two major regional streams, the Green River and the Colo­ rado River, originate beyond the boundaries of the study area to the north and the northeast, respectively (fig. 1). The Green River joins the Colorado River in Canyonlands National Park on the western border of the study area. There are no major perennial tributaries to the Green River in the study area. There are, however, a number of ephemeral or intermittent tributaries that are discussed further in section, "Surface-Water Resources." Several perennial and ephemeral or intermittent tributaries drain the areas of the Book Cliffs, Arches National Park, the La Sal Mountains and intervening mesas, and the Abajo Mountains entering the Colorado River upstream of its confluence with the Green River. The perennial tributar­ ies from upstream to downstream include the Dolores River, Onion Creek, Professor Creek, Castle Creek, Salt Wash, Mill Creek, Kane Springs Creek, and Indian Creek (fig. 1). Numerous springs and seeps occur throughout the study area; however, many of these springs have significant uncer­ tainty associated with them in terms of location, discharge magnitude, and temporal variability. The springs are discussed further in section, "Groundwater." Previous Investigations A number of hydrogeologic studies have been done in the UCRB and the study area. Jobin (1962) identified and char­ acterized the transmissive capacity of the Colorado Plateau sedimentary aquifers in a study that focused on determining ore-bearing mineral distribution, in particular uranium depos­ its. Freethey and Cordy (1991) described the hydrogeology of the Mesozoic aquifers in the UCRB, and concluded that the southern region of the UCRB has the largest potential for the development of groundwater resources. Although the thick­ ness of Mesozoic rocks in the southern region of the UCRB (less than 5,000 ft) is less than thicknesses in the northern region of the UCRB (greater than 5,000 ft), 50-75 percent of this Mesozoic rock thickness in the southern UCRB is aquifer material, indicating that only 25-50 percent of less than 5,000 ft needs to be penetrated to tap the aquifers, decreasing groundwater-withdrawal costs (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Geldon (2003) later described the hydrologic properties and groundwater-flow systems of the deeper Paleozoic aquifers in the UCRB. More focused investigations of the hydrogeology within the Paradox Basin of southeastern Utah also include parts of the Moab MLP area. Baker (1933) described the general geology, water resources, and the potential for oil production in a number of sections of the Moab-Monticello area. One of the earliest recorded hydrologic reconnaissance studies in the Green River-Moab area was done by Thomas (1952). Hunt (1958) focused on the structural and igneous geology of the La Sal Mountains and described and characterized a number of local water resources. The Quaternary stratigraphy and the physiographic development of the La Sal Mountains were further described by Richmond (1962). Irons and others (1965) and Price and Arnow (1974) examined the geohydrol­ ogy and water resources of the UCRB from Green River to Monticello, Utah. Feltis (1966) analyzed the bedrock hydrol­ ogy from approximately 50 groundwater wells in the Green River-Moab area, where he described both the occurrence and quality of water in eastern Utah bedrock aquifers. Hanshaw and Hill (1969) developed a potentiometric-surface map for the Paradox Basin from regional hydrologic interpretations and water-quality analysis for five aquifers ranging from Mis­ sissippian to Permian age. Regional springs were inventoried and characterized by Mundorff (1971) and Sumsion and Bolke (1972). Thackston and others (1981) described groundwater circulation and flow patterns throughout the western Paradox Basin. Rush and others (1982) assessed the regional hydrol­ ogy of the Green River-Moab area northwest of the Colorado River in the northwestern part of the Paradox Basin as a potential isolation source for high-level radioactive waste. Rush and others (1982) used existing data and a number of additional field measurements to describe hydrologic flow systems throughout the area. Weir and others (1983) examined the surface water and groundwater hydrology of the medial part of the Paradox Basin in Grand and San Juan Counties in the Moab-Monticello area, focusing on the eastern flank of the Colorado River. Although Weir and others (1983) primarily used existing data, they also incorporated supplemental mea­ surements and reconnaissance into their findings. Eisinger and Lowe (1999) provided a summary of groundwater resources and the hydrogeology of Grand County, Utah, from previously

Geology    5 published literature. Additionally, Eisinger and Lowe (1999) developed a number of structural-contour maps describing the depth to and thickness of aquifers and fracture orientations of bedrock discontinuities. Several studies have examined the hydrogeologic units of localized areas—in particular, the Salt Valley Anticline northwest of the Colorado River. These studies provide the results of borehole construction, monitoring, and hydrologic interpretation in support of the goal of potentially defining a high-level nuclear waste repository. Price (1959) described the drilling and testing of a production well in Arches National Park. Hite and Lohman (1973), Gard (1976), and Hite (1977) described Salt Valley anticlinal areas. Rush and others (1980) characterized hydraulic test results in three wells within the Salt Valley Anticline of the Paradox Basin in Grand County, and generated site-specific hydrogeophysical data and inter­ pretations for the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation. Wollitz and others (1982) characterized hydraulic test results in six additional wells not described by Rush and others (1980) within the Salt Valley Anticline of the Paradox Basin in Grand County. Several other studies focused specifically on the Moab and Spanish Valleys in the medial part of the Paradox Basin, southeast of the Colorado River. Sumsion (1971) examined the geology and water resources of Moab and Spanish Valleys and surrounding areas, providing an estimate of average annual water yield, quantifying the amount of groundwater available for beneficial use, and evaluating the effect of use on ground­ water storage. Eychaner (1977) developed a digital model of the same area using data from Sumsion (1971) to investigate the effects of a proposed area of artificial recharge near what is now Ken's Lake, and increased well withdrawals for irriga­ tion. Blanchard (1990) provided a reconnaissance of ground­ water conditions in the bedrock aquifers of Grand County and parts of San Juan County, with emphasis on bedrock aquifers in the Mill Creek-Spanish Valley area. Steiger and Susong (1997) presented a map of recharge areas and groundwaterquality data for the Spanish Valley area. Kovacs (2000) developed a numerical groundwater-flow model to investigate the effects of increased well withdrawals in an unincorporated area of Moab and Spanish Valleys at the request of the Grand Water and Sewer Service Agency. Gardner (2004) investigated the hydrogeology and groundwater conditions within the Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve, located between Moab and the Colorado River, using a suite of environmental tracers to characterize the valley-fill aquifer at the downgradient part of Moab Valley. Lowe and others (2007) summarized the geology, groundwater conditions, and groundwater quality in Moab and Spanish Valleys in order to determine the poten­ tial effects of projected increases in septic-tank systems on water quality in the valley-fill aquifer, including modifying the numerical groundwater-flow model developed by Kovacs (2000). Geology The geologic setting and history of the study area is pre­ served in rocks and geologic structures that span more than 1 billion years (Geldon, 2003). Rocks and sediments exposed in the study area are Paleozoic to Quaternary in age; Mesozoicage sedimentary rocks, however, dominate the study area. Archean-and Proterozoic-age granitic and metamorphic rocks underlie the study area (Geldon, 2003). During Cambrian through Early Mississippian time, the entire Colorado Plateau received only thin marine sediments as a result of occasional advancements of the Cordilleran seas to the west (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969) including the Leadville Limestone and equivalents, the Ouray Limestone, the Elbert Formation Limestones, and the Lynch Dolomite (Geldon, 2003). These sedimentary rocks consisting of limestone, fine-grained clastics, and interbedded evaporites have been observed (Jobin, 1962), although minimal exposures have been discussed in previous studies. Some of the sandstone lay­ ers (such as the McCracken Sandstone Member of the Elbert Formation), mixed with limestone and dolomitic layers, have been penetrated by oil wells in southeastern Utah (Wengerd, 1955). From Late Mississippian through the Pennsylvanian and into the Early Permian, the crustal stability of the region ended with the Ancestral Rockies orogeny (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). The Ancestral Rocky Mountains formed and compres­ sive tectonic forces caused uplifts and downwards throughout the Colorado Plateau (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Adjacent to the uplift, a large north-south basin (Paradox Basin) developed throughout the Pennsylvanian and continued to subside and receive the thick evaporitic deposits of the Hermosa Forma­ tion (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). As subsidence decreased, thick Permian shales and sandstones from the eastern uplift spread across the basin. The deposits are interfingered with sandstones derived from the west, and a few Permian lime­ stone beds occur in the central and western part of the Para­ dox Basin (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Late Permian age units include the extensive Cutler Formation—an assemblage of red to white-bedded, interbedded mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerates that includes the White Rim and Cedar Mesa Sandstones (Rush and others, 1982). The Triassic Period sediments are characterized by classic red-bed deposits. Present-day salt anticlines began to develop during the Triassic (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). The basal unit of Triassic age is the Moenkopi Formation, which is com­ posed of shaly siltstones and sandstones that locally contain gypsum beds representative of a marginal marine environment (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). A persistent unconformity exists, separating the Middle and Lower Triassic Moenkopi Forma­ tion from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Chinle Formation is a widespread, thin, poorly-sorted stratum of sandstone, siltstone, limestone, and conglomeratic sandstone representative of flood-plain and fluvial environments (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999).

6    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic deposits consist pre­ dominantly of eolian sandstones and fluvio-lacustrine sand­ stones and shale (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969) represented by the Glen Canyon Group, the San Rafael Group, the Summerville Formation, and the Morrison Formation. The basal forma­ tion of the Glen Canyon Group is the Late Triassic-or Early Jurassic-age Wingate sandstone that extends over most of the Colorado Plateau. This predominantly eolian sandstone is highly cross-bedded and relatively well sorted (Baker and others, 1936). Overlying the Wingate Sandstone within the Glen Canyon Group is the Late Triassic-to Early Jurassic-age Kayenta Formation, predominantly composed of relatively uniform grain size from lenticular channel sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone deposition (Rush and others, 1982). The upper­ most member of the Glen Canyon Group is the Early Jurassic age, thick eolian Navajo Sandstone, which extends over much of southeastern Utah (Jobin, 1962). Because of a substantial unconformity, the Middle Juras­ sic age San Rafael Group overlies the Navajo Sandstone. The basal Carmel Formation of the San Rafael Group consists of silty sandstones and sometimes is classified as the Dewey Bridge Member of either the Carmel Formation (Lowe and others, 2007) or the Entrada Sandstone (Rush and others, 1982; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Overlying the Dewey Bridge Member is the orange-to-white, cross-bedded, finegrained Slick Rock Member of the Entrada Sandstone, fol­ lowed by the white, cross-bedded, fine-grained Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (Rush and others, 1982). The Sum­ merville Formation and the Tidwell Member of the Morrison Formation consist of siltstone, interbedded sandstone, and minor chert (Lowe and others, 2007). The Late Jurassic Mor­ rison Formation also includes the Salt Wash Member, which consists of lenticular sandstones and mudstones with thin limestone laminates (Rush and others, 1982), and the Brushy Basin Member, a variegated mudstone of bentonite origin, with siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate (Rush and others, 1982). The Cretaceous Period was a time of thick marine shale deposition, although non-marine sandstone is present at both the beginning and the end of the period (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Overlying the Morrison Formation is the Early Creta­ ceous Burro Canyon Formation, which consists of sandstone and conglomerate, with minor beds of mudstone (Lowe and others, 2007). The Burro Canyon Formation and the Dakota Sandstone are separated by the Upper and Lower Cretaceous Unconformity (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Dakota Sand­ stone consists of inter-bedded sandstone and conglomerate with mudstone, carbonaceous shale, coal, and claystone (Lowe and others, 2007). Overlying the Dakota Sandstone is the Mancos Shale, a fissile, marine-derived, dark-gray shale (Rush and others, 1982). The Mancos Shale is gradational with and laterally interfingers the overlying Mesaverde Group, which consists of sandstones with thin coal seams and shale (Rush and others, 1982). Tertiary sediments in the study area are predominantly fluvial or lacustrine, depending on the geographic location; many of the Tertiary sediments, however, are absent because of erosive features (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Between the Cretaceous and Tertiary Periods, the Laramide orogeny caused extensive folding and faulting, creating many of the regional tectonic features (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). As Pennsylva­ nian-age salt layers were buried beneath younger Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary deposits, the increase in overlying pressure caused plastic salt deformation and the evaporites deformed into a series of alternating northwest-trending, saltcored anticlines and depositional synclines (Blanchard, 1990). As subsequent uplift and erosion of the Colorado Plateau con­ tinued through the Tertiary Period, this allowed surface water and groundwater to come into contact with, and dissolve, the salt layers from the core of the anticlines (Doelling and others, 2002; Gutierrez, 2004; Lowe and others, 2007). The overly­ ing rock strata collapsed as the dissolved salt was removed by groundwater. Paradox Valley and Moab-Spanish Valley repre­ sent two of these collapsed salt anticline features. The collapse occurred along high-angle normal faults along the margins of the valley; one such example is the Moab Fault, which has a maximum offset of about 1,000 ft, and an average offset of about 650 ft (Lowe and others, 2007). During the Tertiary Period, the La Sal and Abajo Mountains also were formed as intrusive igneous rocks that were injected through and into the surrounding older deposits, causing uplift and doming of the strata along the flanks of the mountains (Sumsion, 1971; Stokes, 1986; Blanchard, 1990). Quaternary-age deposits typically are deposited as thin layers over bedrock and along stream channels, or as thicker valley fill in the collapsed salt-anticline depressions (Sumsion, 1971; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The unconsolidated sedi­ ments consist of alluvial stream, alluvial fan, mass-movement (including glacial till), and eolian-sand deposits (Steiger and Susong, 1997; Lowe and others, 2007), and are discontinuous and scattered throughout the study area. Hydrogeologic Characterization Based on studies by Rush and others (1982), Weir and others (1983), Freethey and Cordy (1991), Geldon (2003), and Lowe and others (2007), eight principal aquifers and six confining units were identified in the study area (table 1). Gen­ erally, the aquifers can be split into four types: (1) limestone aquifers of marine origin, (2) sandstone aquifers of eolian and marine origin, (3) sandstone and conglomerate aquifers of fluvial origin, and (4) valley-fill aquifers in unconsolidated deposits. The permeability is a function of both the primary permeability from interstitial pore connectivity and secondary permeability created by karst features or faults and fractures. Vertical hydraulic connection generally is restricted to strongly folded and fractured zones, which are concentrated along steeply dipping monoclines and in narrow regions encompass­ ing igneous and salt intrusive masses (Jobin, 1962). Sev­ eral studies (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983;

Hydrogeologic Characterization    7 Table 1.  Principal aquifers and confining units within the study area, Utah and Colorado. [Abbreviations: ft, feet; ft2/d, squared feet per day; NR, not reported; less than] Erathem System or series Hydrogeologic unit Thickness (ft) Reported trans­ missivity range (ft2/d) Upper aquifer system Cenozoic Unconsolidated aquifers Quarternary Unconsolidated deposits Range unknown 197-72,7501,2 Mesozoic Mesaverde aquifer Tertiary Wasatch Formation 0-1,6003 NR Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group 0-3,0004 Mancos confining unit Upper Cretaceous Mancos Shale 0-4,0004 NR Dakota aquifer Upper Cretaceous Dakota Sandstone 0-3004 10-1504,5 Lower Cretaceous Burro Canyon Formation Brushy Basin confining unit Upper Jurassic Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation 0-4004 NR Morrison aquifer Upper Jurassic Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation 0-4004 20-554,5 Tidwell-Summerville confining unit Middle Jurassic Tidwell Member of the Morrison Formation 0-4004 NR Middle Jurassic Summerville Formation Entrada aquifer Middle Jurassic Moab Member of the Curtis Formation 0-4004 50-5004,5 Middle Jurassic Slick Rock Member of the Entrada Sandstone Dewey Bridge confining unit Middle Jurassic Dewey Bridge Member of the Carmel Formation/Entrada Sandstone 0-1504 NR Glen Canyon Group aquifer Lower Jurassic-Upper Triassic Navajo Sandstone 0-1,0004 0-6,0001,5,6 Lower Jurassic-Upper Triassic Kayenta Formation 20-555,6 Lower Jurassic-Upper Triassic Wingate Sandstone 40-1505,6 Lower Mesozoic confining unit Upper Trassic Chinle Formation 0-1,0007 NR Middle-Lower Triassic Moenkopi Formation Paleozoic Cutler Formation aquifer Permian White Rim Sandstone 0-4007 0.01-6,0007 Permian Cedar Mesa Sandstone 0-10,0007 0.0005-10,0007 Middle Pennsylvanian Honaker Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation Upper Paleozoic confining unit Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation 0-6,0007 0.001-507 Middle-Lower Pennsylvanian Pinkerton Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation and Molas Formation 0-2007 Lower aquifer system Lower Paleozoic aquifer system Mississippian Leadville Limestone and equivalents, specifically the Redwall Limestone 0-1,8007 0.008-47,0007 Devonian Ouray Limestone Devonian Elbert Formation Limestone and McCraken Sandstone Member of the Elbert Formation Cambrian Lynch Dolomite 1Sumsion, 1971. 2Lowe and others, 2007. 3Eisinger and Lowe, 1999. 4Freethey and Cordy, 1991. 5Jobin, 1962. 6Blanchard, 1990. 7Geldon, 2003.

8    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Blanchard, 1990; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999) have identified both an upper and lower aquifer system separated by the Pennsylvanian age Paradox Member of the Hermosa Forma­ tion, an evaporite that is considered to be a confining unit. The principal aquifers and confining units have varied in their aggregated classification between studies and are not consid­ ered laterally or vertically homogeneous. Additionally, aquifer information throughout the study area is not equally available or explicitly characterized for all geologic units (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Unconsolidated Aquifers The unconsolidated aquifers consist of unconsolidated Quaternary-age deposits and typically are deposited as a thin layer over bedrock or as valley fill in the structural collapsed salt-anticline depressions (Sumsion, 1971; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The unconsolidated sediments are composed of stream, alluvial fan, mass-movement (including glacial till), and eolian-sand deposits (Steiger and Susong, 1997; Lowe and others, 2007), and are scattered throughout the study area. These unconsolidated deposits generally are composed of interbedded and lenticular deposits of sand, silt, and clay, with a wide range in physical and hydrologic characteristics (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Outside of the Moab-Spanish Val­ ley and Castle Valley structural anticlines, little information on unconsolidated deposit thicknesses is available (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). In Moab-Spanish Valley, the average saturated thickness of the unconsolidated aquifer is 70 ft, with a maxi­ mum thickness of about 300 ft (Sumsion, 1971; Lowe and others, 2007). The valley-fill unconsolidated aquifers in Moab-Spanish and Castle Valleys are classified as low to highly transmissive (Lowe and others, 2007). Sumsion (1971) evaluated water yield and transmissivity for more than 200 wells ranging in depth from 30 to 300 ft throughout Moab-Spanish Valley. Well yields ranged from 8 to 1,000 gal/min, and transmis­ sivities ranged from 1,600 to 13,900 ft2/d, with an average of 6,000 ft2/d (Sumsion, 1971). Based on the results of pumping tests in valley fill in other areas of Utah, however, Sumsion (1971) believed that a more realistic average value for the transmissivity of the unconsolidated aquifer in Moab-Spanish Valley was about 10,000 ft2/d. Lowe and others (2007) esti­ mated transmissivities from 32 wells, including those esti­ mated by Sumsion (1971), to range from 197 to 72,750 ft2/d, with an average transmissivity of 6,956 ft2/d. Because there are no continuous layers of low-permeability materials within the valley-fill deposits, the unconsolidated aquifer in MoabSpanish Valley is considered unconfined throughout most of the valley (Sumsion, 1971) and is likely in direct hydraulic connection with the underlying Glen Canyon Group aquifer. Transmissivities and other aquifer characteristics likely are similar in other unconsolidated aquifers throughout the area. The primary source of recharge to the unconsolidated aqui­ fer in Moab-Spanish Valley occurs as subsurface inflow from the Glen Canyon Group aquifer along the northeastern side of the valley from groundwater that is sourced in the La Sal Mountains (Sumsion, 1971). Lesser amounts of recharge to the unconsolidated aquifer occur as infiltration of precipitation that falls directly on the valley-fill deposits or from seepage from Ken's Lake and Pack Creek (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977; Steiger and Susong, 1997). For Castle Valley, most of the recharge to the unconsolidated aquifer is from seepage from Castle and Placer Creeks, which originate in the La Sal Mountains. Lesser amounts of recharge are from infiltration of precipitation that falls directly on the valley-fill deposits, as seepage of irrigation water, or as inflow from the Cutler Formation aquifer along the southwestern side of the valley (Snyder, 1996). Discharge from the unconsolidated aquifer in Moab-Spanish Valley is to springs and wells, as seepage to reaches of Mill and Pack Creeks, as evapotranspiration in the Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve, and as seepage to the Colorado River (Sumsion, 1971; Blanchard, 1990). Discharge from the unconsolidated aquifer in Castle Valley occurs to wells, evapotranspiration, as seepage to lower Castle Creek, and as seepage to the Colorado River (Snyder, 1996). In both valleys, groundwater flow generally is to the northwest towards the Colorado River. The unconsolidated aquifers are an important groundwa­ ter source for the relatively populous areas of Moab-Spanish Valley and Castle Valley within Grand County (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Groundwater from these deposits is used primar­ ily for irrigation, with lesser amounts allocated to domestic water supply (Steiger and Susong, 1997). Mesaverde Aquifer The Mesaverde aquifer consists of units of the Upper Creta­ ceous Mesaverde Group and the Tertiary Wasatch Formation, which form the Book Cliffs in the northern part of the study area (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The Mesaverde Group is composed of sandstones and mud­ stones interbedded with shale and coal beds, and the Wasatch Formation is composed of deposits ranging from coarse con­ glomerate to fine sandstone with shale and mudstone (Rush and others, 1982; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The Mesaverde Group ranges in thickness from 0 to 3,000 ft within the study area (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Wasatch Formation ranges in thickness from 0 to 1,600 ft within the study area (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The Mesaverde aquifer crops out extensively along its southern terminus in central Grand County, Utah, between the Green and Colorado Rivers to the north of the Interstate-70 corridor (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Mesaverde aquifer is classified as having low perme­ ability. Freethey and Cordy (1991) estimated transmissivi­ ties of the Mesaverde Group of less than 50 ft2/d. Although Freethey and Cordy (1991) classify the Mesaverde Group as an aquifer, Blanchard (1990) and Eisinger and Lowe (1999) classify it as a confining unit. Transmissivities of the Wasatch

Hydrogeologic Characterization    9 Formation in this area have not been reported; however, it generally is reported as having low permeability (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Recharge to the Mesaverde aquifer is likely from the infiltration of precipitation on local outcrops. Discharge from the aquifer occurs to evapotranspiration, and to springs and seeps. Discharge from seeps and springs located north of the Book Cliffs typically ranges from less than 1 to 20 gal/min (Blanchard, 1990). Potentiometric contours for the Mesaverde aquifer indicate groundwater flow through the aquifer within the study area generally is to the southwest from the Book Cliffs towards the Green and Colorado Rivers (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Mancos Confining Unit The Mancos confining unit consists of the Upper Creta­ ceous Mancos Shale, a marine-derived shale, mudstone, and claystone (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Both the lower and upper contacts of the Mancos Shale are gradational and inter­ fingering with the Dakota aquifer below and the Mesaverde Group above (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Lowe and others, 2007). The Mancos confining unit ranges in thickness from 0 to 4,000 ft within the study area, and thickness increases from south to north (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Mancos con­ fining unit crops out extensively along its southern terminus in central Grand County, Utah, between the Green and Colorado Rivers along the Interstate-70 corridor (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Mancos confining unit is considered to have very low perme­ ability and is a barrier to both horizontal and vertical ground­ water movement (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Lowe and others, 2007); however, there are no reported values of transmissivity or hydraulic conductivity for the unit. Dakota Aquifer The Dakota aquifer consists of the Cretaceous Burro Can­ yon Formation overlain by the Dakota Sandstone. The Burro Canyon Formation is composed of sandstone and conglomer­ ate, interbedded with mudstone (Lowe and others, 2007). The Dakota Sandstone is composed of sandstone and conglomer­ ate, interbedded with mudstone, carbonaceous shale, coal, and claystone (Lowe and others, 2007). The Dakota aquifer ranges in thickness from 0 to 300 ft within the study area, and thick­ ness generally increases from east to west and west to east towards western Grand County, Utah (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Dakota aquifer crops out along its southern termi­ nus through central Grand County, Utah, and along the flanks of the La Sal and Abajo Mountains and the Uncompahgre Plateau (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Dakota aquifer is classified as low to moderately transmissive, except where faulted or fractured and the transmissivity is increased (Lowe and others, 2007). Jobin (1962) estimated transmissivities ranging from 55 to 150 ft2/d, although Freethey and Cordy (1991) estimated slightly decreased transmissivities ranging from 10 to 50 ft2/d. Recharge to the Dakota aquifer is likely from the infil­ tration of precipitation on local outcrops. Discharge from the aquifer occurs to evapotranspiration, springs, and flow­ ing wells that typically discharge at less than 1 gal/min (Blanchard, 1990). Seeps and springs along the flanks of the La Sal Mountains show large variations in discharge rates that can average as much as 18 gal/min (Weir and others, 1983). Discharge to the underlying Morrison aquifer also may occur in areas where the Brushy Basin confining unit is not present between the Dakota and Morrison aquifers. Potentiometric contours for the Dakota aquifer indicate that groundwater flow through the aquifer within the study area generally is to the west-southwest from north-central Grand County, Utah, towards the Colorado River (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Because the Dakota aquifer is not contigu­ ous east of the Colorado River, groundwater-flow directions are not well defined but likely are towards localized discharge areas. Brushy Basin Confining Unit The Brushy Basin confining unit separates the Morison and Dakota aquifers, and consists of the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation, a variegated bentonitic mudstone, claystone, and siltstone with discontinuous lenses of con­ glomerate and sandstone (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Lowe and others, 2007). The Brushy Basin confining unit ranges in thickness from 0 to 400 ft within the study area, and thick­ ness increases from north to south and east to west (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Brushy Basin confining unit crops out locally along its southern terminus in central Grand County, Utah, and along the flanks of the La Sal and Abajo Moun­ tains and the Uncompahgre Plateau (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Brushy Basin confining unit is considered to have very low permeability, and is a barrier to groundwater movement (Lowe and others, 2007); however, there are no reported values of transmissivity or hydraulic conductivity for the unit. Morrison Aquifer The Upper Jurassic Morrison aquifer consists of the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation. The Salt Wash Member is a well-sorted, fine-to medium-grained, fluvial cross-bedded sandstone, with occasional conglomeratic sandstone interbedded with mudstone (Sumsion, 1971; Lowe and others, 2007). The Morrison aquifer ranges in thick­ ness from 0 to 400 ft within the study area, and thickness generally increases from northeast to southwest (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Morrison aquifer crops out along its southern terminus through central Grand County, Utah, and along the flanks of the La Sal and Abajo Mountains and the

10    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Uncompahgre Plateau (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Morrison aquifer is classified as having a relatively low transmissivity. Jobin (1962) estimated transmissivities ranging from 20 to 55 ft2/d, and Freethey and Cordy (1991) estimated transmissivities of less than 50 ft2/d. Recharge to the Morrison aquifer is likely from infiltra­ tion from precipitation that falls locally on areas where the aquifer crops out, where there is no intervening confining unit between overlying aquifers and the Morrison aquifer, or where the aquifer is mantled by unconsolidated deposits (Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Discharge from the aquifer occurs to evapotranspiration, and seeps, springs, and flow­ ing wells that typically discharge at less than 1 gal/min and are slightly saline (Blanchard, 1990; Lowe and others, 2007). Additionally, the Morrison Formation contains large quantities of uranium, and the groundwater can contain high concentra­ tions of radionuclides (Blanchard, 1990). Discharge also may occur to the underlying Entrada aquifer in areas where the Tidwell-Summerville confining unit is not present between the Morrison and Entrada aquifers. Potentiometric contours for the Morrison aquifer indicate that groundwater flow through the aquifer within the study area generally is to the south from the Book Cliffs towards the Colorado River (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Because the Morrison aquifer is not contiguous east of the Colorado River, groundwater-flow directions are not well defined but are likely towards localized discharge areas. Tidwell-Summerville Confining Unit The Tidwell-Summerville confining unit consists of the Middle Jurassic-age Summerville Formation and the Tidwell Member of the Morrison Formation (Rush and others, 1982; Lowe and others, 2007), and separates the Entrada and Mor­ rison aquifers. The units are composed of shale and siltstone interbedded with sandstone and chert (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999; Lowe and others, 2007). The Tidwell-Summerville confining unit ranges in thickness from 0 to 400 ft within the study area and is present in two areas (1) across the northwest­ ern part of Grand County, Utah, where thickness increases from east to west; and (2) across the eastern part of the study area, where thickness increases from west to east (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The unit is missing through the central part of the study area near the Colorado River (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Tidwell-Summerville confining unit crops out locally along its southern terminus in western Grand County, Utah, and along the flanks of the La Sal and Abajo Moun­ tains and the Uncompahgre Plateau (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Tidwell-Summerville confining unit is considered to have very low permeability and is a barrier to vertical groundwater movement (Lowe and others, 2007); however, there are no reported values of transmissivity or hydraulic conductivity for the unit. Entrada Aquifer The Middle Jurassic-age Entrada aquifer, sometimes referred to as the San Rafael Group, consists of the Slick Rock Member of the Entrada Sandstone and the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (Rush and others, 1982; Lowe and oth­ ers, 2007). The Slick Rock Member of the Entrada Sandstone is a well-sorted, very fine-to medium-grained, cross-bedded sandstone of eolian or possibly shallow marine origin (Lowe and others, 2007). The Moab Member of the Curtis Forma­ tion is a well-sorted, medium-to fine-grained, cross-bedded, eolian sandstone (Lowe and others, 2007). The Entrada aquifer ranges in thickness from 0 to 400 ft within the study area, and thickness generally increases from northeast to southwest (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Entrada aquifer crops out along its southern terminus through central Grand County, Utah, and along the flanks of the La Sal Mountains and Uncompahgre Plateau (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). Both units of the Entrada aquifer are classified as being moderately transmissive. Jobin (1962) and Blanchard (1990) estimated transmissivities ranging from 50 to about 150 ft2/d in the central part of the study area. Freethey and Cordy (1991) estimated transmissivities ranging from less than 50 to 500 ft2/d for the aquifer within the study area. Recharge to the Entrada aquifer likely is from infiltration of precipitation that falls locally on areas where the aquifer crops out, where there is no intervening confining unit between overlying aquifers and the Entrada aquifer, or where the aqui­ fer is mantled by unconsolidated deposits (Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Discharge from the aquifer occurs to evapotranspiration, numerous seeps and springs, and wells. The Dewey Bridge Member of the Carmel Formation, which underlies the Entrada aquifer, commonly acts as a confining unit and, therefore, discharge from the aquifer commonly occurs as seeps and springs at the lower contact with the finergrained Dewey Bridge Member of the Carmel Formation or at contacts between cross-bed sets where the vertical hydraulic conductivity is decreased (Blanchard, 1990). Discharge also may occur to the underlying Glen Canyon Group aquifer in areas where the Dewey Bridge Member of the Carmel Forma­ tion is not present between the Entrada aquifer and the Glen Canyon Group aquifer, such as in the eastern and southern parts of the study area (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Blanchard (1990) inventoried several springs and seeps and one flow­ ing well in the Entrada Aquifer; the springs and seeps yielded discharges of 0.1 to 11.1 gal/min, and discharge from the well was about 15 gal/min. Potentiometric contours from the Entrada aquifer (Freethey and Cordy, 1991) indicate groundwater flow through the aqui­ fer within the study area generally is to the south and south­ west from the Book Cliffs towards the Colorado and Green Rivers. Because the Entrada aquifer is not contiguous east of the Colorado River, groundwater-flow directions are not well defined but are likely towards localized discharge areas.

Hydrogeologic Characterization    11 Dewey Bridge Confining Unit The Dewey Bridge confining unit consists of the Dewey Bridge Member of the Carmel Formation/Entrada Sandstone (Rush and others, 1982; Lowe and others, 2007), and separates the Glen Canyon Group and Entrada aquifers. The Dewey Bridge Member is composed of sandstone and siltstone with contorted bedding (Rush and others, 1982). The Dewey Bridge confining unit only occurs across the north and northwest parts of Grand County, Utah, where it ranges in thickness from 0 to 150 ft, with thickness increasing from east to west (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Dewey Bridge confining unit crops out locally along the Green River in northwestern Grand County, Utah (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Dewey Bridge confin­ ing unit is considered to have very low permeability and is a barrier to vertical groundwater movement (Blanchard, 1990; Lowe and others, 2007); however, there are no reported values of transmissivity or hydraulic conductivity for the unit. Glen Canyon Group Aquifer The Glen Canyon Group aquifer consists of the Lower Jurassic-to Upper Triassic-age Wingate Sandstone, Kayenta Formation, and Navajo Sandstone (Rush and others, 1982; Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Lowe and oth­ ers, 2007). The Wingate Sandstone is a well-sorted, very fine-to medium-grained, calcareous, massively bedded, wellcemented, cross-bedded, eolian sandstone (Sumsion, 1971; Lowe and others, 2007). The Wingate Sandstone typically is observed as abrupt, high, desert-varnished cliff outcrops in the southern half of Grand County (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The Kayenta Formation is a very fine-to coarse-grained, locally conglomeratic, fluvial sandstone, siltstone, and shale (Sumsion, 1971; Lowe and others, 2007). The Navajo Sand­ stone is a well-rounded, well-sorted, fine-to medium-grained, cross-bedded eolian sandstone (Sumsion, 1971; Lowe and oth­ ers, 2007). The Navajo Sandstone is weakly cemented silica or calcium carbonates and contains thin lenticular beds of sandy limestone (Sumsion, 1971). The Navajo sandstone outcrops are extensively observed throughout the study area as cliffs and domes (Sumsion, 1971). The Glen Canyon Group aquifer ranges in thickness from 0 to 1,000 ft within the study area, and thickness generally increases from south to north and east to west (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Glen Canyon Group aquifer crops out extensively to the north, northeast, east, and southeast of the confluence of the Green and Colorado Rivers (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). All three units in the Glen Canyon Group aquifer are classified as being moderately transmissive, which is fur­ ther enhanced where fractures exist. Transmissivities of the aquifer range from less than 50 to 6,000 ft2/d (Sumsion, 1971; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Because the Kayenta Formation has many seams of interbedded silt and clay and large amounts of cementing material that reduce the transmissive properties of the unit, it functions as a confining unit in some areas of the Colorado Plateau (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The lithol­ ogy and fracturing of the Kayenta Formation, however, have a direct influence on the hydraulic connection between the Navajo Sandstone and the Wingate Sandstone. For example, in the Mill Creek-Spanish Valley area, the Kayenta Forma­ tion is predominantly sandstone and, therefore, provides a direct hydraulic connection between the Navajo Sandstone and Wingate Sandstone (Blanchard, 1990). Transmissivities for the Kayenta Formation and the Wingate Sandstone were estimated as 20-55 ft2/d and 40-150 ft2/d, respectively (Jobin, 1962; Blanchard, 1990). The Wingate Sandstone was observed to yield moderate quantities of water where it is highly fractured (Sumsion, 1971). The thick, well-sorted Navajo Sandstone is highly permeable, and the transmissivity values are among the greatest in the Colorado Plateau (Jobin, 1962). Transmissivi­ ties for the Navajo Sandstone were estimated to range from 0 ft2/d to the east, where the Navajo pinches out, to as much as 700 ft2/d in the thick stratum to the southwest (Jobin, 1962; Blanchard, 1990). Sumsion (1971) estimated transmissivi­ ties between 1,200 and 1,500 ft2/d in areas where the Navajo Sandstone is relatively unfractured, and as much as 6,000 ft2/d in areas where the Navajo Sandstone is highly fractured from wells near Moab. These transmissivities for the Navajo Sandstone are similar to more recently reported transmissivi­ ties from aquifer tests in other areas of the Navajo Sandstone (Heilweil and others, 2000). Recharge to the Glen Canyon Group aquifer primarily occurs as infiltration from precipitation, mainly in the form of snow, in the upland areas (Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Steiger and Susong, 1997). Recharge to the aquifer is enhanced in areas where the formations are covered by shallow deposits of eolian sand or sandy soil, where the formations are highly fractured, or where younger sedimen­ tary deposits, such as the Entrada Sandstone, directly overlie the Navajo Sandstone without an intervening confining unit (Blanchard, 1990; Steiger and Susong, 1997). Recharge also can occur from the infiltration of surface water where peren­ nial streams, such as Mill Creek, traverse the Navajo Sand­ stone (Steiger and Susong, 1997). All three units of the aquifer are highly faulted and fractured, especially along the flanks of the La Sal and Abajo Mountains and the Uncompahgre Plateau (Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Discharge from the aquifer occurs to numerous seeps and springs, to streams, to evapotranspiration, to wells, as vertical flow into overlying or underlying units, and as lateral flow across the study-area boundaries. Spring discharge from the Wingate Sandstone is reported as 10 to 240 gal/min in Grand County (Blanchard, 1990). Spring discharge from the Navajo Sandstone ranges from less than 5 to more than 300 gal/min, and well yields of as much as 2,000 gal/min have been observed (Blanchard, 1990). Because the Navajo Sandstone is the most shallow and permeable unit in the Glen Canyon Group, it is the source of water for most groundwater wells drilled in southern Grand County.

12    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Potentiometric contours for the Glen Canyon Group aquifer (Freethey and Cordy, 1991) indicate that groundwater flow through the aquifer within the study area generally is (1) towards the west from the Uncompahgre Plateau to the Dolo­ res River; (2) towards the east, north, and west from the La Sal Mountains to the Dolores and Colorado Rivers; (3) towards the northeast and then north from the Abajo Mountains to the Colorado River; and (4) towards the southwest through the western part of Grand County, Utah, to the Green River. Lower Mesozoic Confining Unit The Lower Mesozoic confining unit consists of the Moen­ kopi Formation, a brown shale, mudstone, arkosic sandstone, and conglomerate, with local beds of gypsum (Rush and others, 1982), and the Chinle Formation, which comprises reddish siltstone, sandstone, mudstone, and conglomerates (Rush and others, 1982). The Lower Mesozoic confining unit separates the Cutler Formation and Glen Canyon Group aqui­ fers. The Lower Mesozoic confining unit ranges in thickness from 0 to 1,000 ft in the study area, and thickness generally increases from south to north and east to west (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). The Moenkopi and Chinle Formations crop out locally along the Colorado and Green Rivers and other various washes in the study area, and more extensively in southeastern Mesa County, Colorado (Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Lower Mesozoic confining unit is considered to have very low permeability and is a barrier to groundwater movement except where jointed, faulted, or fractured (Lowe and others, 2007); however, there are no reported values of transmissivity or hydraulic conductivity for the unit. Cutler Formation Aquifer The Cutler Formation aquifer consists of the Honaker Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation, and the Cedar Mesa and White Rim Sandstones of the Cutler Formation. The Middle Pennsylvanian-age Honaker Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation consists of gray, cyclically alternating limestone, sandstone, and shale (Baars, 2000). The Permian-age Cutler Formation is a thick, predominantly red arkosic sandstone and conglomerate interfingered with siltstone and mudstone (Rush and others, 1982), and is sometimes classified as a confining unit (Rush and others, 1982; Blanchard, 1990). Eisinger and Lowe (1999) and Geldon (2003), however, noted that locally important sections of the formation, especially the Cedar Mesa and White Rim Sandstones are very permeable. Jobin (1962) stated that, at some locations, the aquifer is known for a high and relatively uniform permeability, most likely caused by the stability and duration of the dune-forming environment. The Honaker Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation together with the Cedar Mesa Sandstone range in thickness from 0 to 10,000 ft, with the thickest sections occurring in the center of the study area (Geldon, 2003). The White Rim Sandstone ranges in thickness from 0 to 400 ft and occurs mainly in the center of the study area (Geldon, 2003). The various units of the aquifer crop out extensively within Canyonlands National Park, especially in the Needles District and around the rim of the Island in the Sky District, and locally in other parts of the study area, such as along the lower parts of Indian Creek, to the northeast of Castle Valley, and along parts of the Dolores River in Colorado (Hintze and others, 2000; Stoeser and oth­ ers, 2005). The Cutler Formation aquifer transmits water through a variety of ways, depending on the lithology. The Cedar Mesa and White Rim Sandstones have intergranular and fracture permeability, although the Honaker Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation has little intergranular permeability and transmits water mainly through fractures and solution chan­ nels (Geldon, 2003). Transmissivities for the Honaker Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation together with the Cedar Mesa Sandstone range from 0.0005 to 10,000 ft2/d, depending on thickness, lithology, and development of fractures and solu­ tion channels (Geldon, 2003). Transmissivities for the White Rim Sandstone range from 0.01 to 6,000 ft2/d, depending on cementation and, to a lesser degree, on fracturing (Geldon, 2003). Transmissivities are greatest along uplifted areas where secondary openings increase and cementation decreases (Gel­ don, 2003). Recharge to the Cutler Formation aquifer primarily occurs as infiltration from precipitation in the upland areas (Geldon, 2003). Recharge to the aquifer is enhanced in areas where the formations are covered by shallow deposits of eolian sand or sandy soil or where the formations are highly fractured (Geldon, 2003). Discharge from the aquifer within the study area occurs to numerous seeps and springs; to some reaches of the Dolores, Green, and Colorado Rivers; to wells; or as sub­ surface outflow. Discharge from outcrops of the Cedar Mesa and White Rim Sandstones are observed within Canyonlands National Park in the form of springs and seeps that gener­ ally are concentrated at the base of these units (Sumsion and Bolke, 1972; Huntoon, 1979). Discharge from these springs and seeps generally is only a few gallons per minute (Sumsion and Bolke, 1972; Huntoon, 1979; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Sumsion and Bolke (1972) describe three wells drilled into the White Rim Sandstone in the Island in the Sky District of Can­ yonlands National Park that had yields between 40 and 100 gal/min and several other wells completed in the Cedar Mesa Sandstone located within the Needles District of Canyonlands National Park. Blanchard (1990) reported that undifferenti­ ated units of the Cutler Formation were the source of water for about 30 groundwater wells on the southwestern side of Castle Valley. Upper Paleozoic Confining Unit The Upper Paleozoic confining unit consists of the Molas Formation overlain by the Pinkerton Trail and Paradox Mem­ bers of the Hermosa Formation (Rush and others, 1982; Weir

Surface-Water Resources    13 and others, 1983; Hintze and others, 2000), and separates the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system from the Cutler Formation aquifer. The Molas Formation consists of interbedded red siltstone, sandstone, limestone, and shale (Rush and others, 1982). The Pinkerton Trail Member of the Hermosa Forma­ tion consists of interbedded limestone, dolomite, shale, and anhydrite (Rush and others, 1982). The Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation consists mostly of bedded salts (Rush and others, 1982). The Molas Formation and the Pinkerton Trail Member of the Hermosa Formation range in thickness from 0 to 200 ft within the study area, and thickness generally increases from north to south (Geldon, 2003). The Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation ranges in thickness from 0 to 6,000 ft in the study area, and thickness generally increases from the north, east, and west (Geldon, 2003). The Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation crops out in isolated areas in salt valleys and along salt-dissolution deformed bedrock, such as Salt Valley and Castle Valley. These outcrops gener­ ally are classified as the Paradox Member caprock, which is the residue left after the salt is dissolved (Doelling and others, 2002). The Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation also crops out locally along the Green and Colorado Rivers near their confluence (Baars, 2000; Hintze and others, 2000). Transmissivities of the various units range from 0.001 to 50 ft2/d and depend primarily on the lithology and the devel­ opment of fractures and solution channels (Geldon, 2003). Lower Paleozoic Aquifer System The Lower Paleozoic aquifer system consists of the Lynch Dolomite overlain by the Elbert Formation Limestone and McCracken Sandstone Member of the Elbert Formation, the Ouray Limestone, and the Leadville Limestone and its equiva­ lents, specifically the Redwall Limestone (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983). Thicknesses of the various units range from 0 to 800 ft throughout the study area, and generally increase from north to south and east to west throughout the study area (Geldon, 2003). The Lower Paleozoic aquifer sys­ tem has a maximum thickness of 1,800 ft in the southernmost parts of the study area near the confluence of the Green and Colorado Rivers (Geldon, 2003). The Lower Paleozoic aquifer system does not crop out within the study area but it is later­ ally continuous to areas outside of the study area (Doelling and others, 2002; Doelling, 2004; Gualtieri, 2004; Witkind, 2004; Stoeser and others, 2005). The Lower Paleozoic aquifer system transmits water mostly through secondary features such as fractures, joints, faults, and solution channels or caverns (Hood and Danielson, 1981; Geldon, 2003). Transmissivities of the various units range from 0.008 to 47,000 ft2/d and depend primarily on the lithology and the degree of fracturing and solution channeling (Geldon, 2003). The Redwall Limestone has been reported to have some of the greatest hydraulic-conductivity values in the region (Weir and others, 1983). The Lower Paleozoic aquifer system is an important source of groundwater in some locations, particularly in San Juan County (Gloyn and others, 1995; Lowe, 1996). In most areas of Grand County, however, the top of the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system occurs at a depth between about 3,900 and 13,000 ft below land surface and, therefore, is too deep to provide an economically viable source of groundwater (Rush and others, 1982; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Potentiometric contours (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983) indicate that groundwater flow through the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system in the study area gen­ erally is towards the south and west. Because the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system does not crop out within the study area, recharge to the aquifer primarily is from precipitation on outcrops outside of the study area, which enters the study area as lateral subsurface inflow (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Geldon, 2003). Regional discharge from the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system also occurs outside the study area, and has been observed as discharge to the Colo­ rado River in Marble and Grand Canyons southwest of the Paradox Basin (Weir and others, 1983). Discharge from the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system in the study area is mainly to lateral subsurface outflow and well withdrawals. Although some water may possibly migrate upward, it is assumed that the evaporitic deposits that overlie the aquifer (Upper Paleo­ zoic confining unit, discussed in section, "Upper Paleozoic Confining Unit") form a relatively impermeable confining unit that prohibits upward flow (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983). Surface-Water Resources Surface-water resources of the study area are dominated by the Colorado River. Numerous perennial and ephemeral or intermittent tributaries join the Colorado River as it flows from northeast to southwest across the study area, draining the surrounding upland areas of the Book Cliffs, Arches National Park, the La Sal Mountains, and the Abajo Mountains (fig. 2). The Green River is the largest perennial tributary to the Colorado River in the study area. The Green River flows south into the study area, joining the Colorado River in Canyonlands National Park. Perennial Streams and Rivers The sole perennial stream to the northwest of the Colorado River in the study area is Salt Wash, which drains the eastern part of Arches National Park and surrounding areas. The Dolo­ res River enters the Colorado River immediately northeast of the Moab MLP area. Numerous perennial streams are located to the southeast of the Colorado River between the Dolo­ res River and the confluence of the Colorado River and the Green River. Several of these streams originate on the north­ western slope of the La Sal Mountains and lowland mesas, subsequently incising through several collapsed salt anticline

14    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 2.  Location of surface-water sites within the study area reported in the National Water Information System database. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Colorado River Colorado River Green River Green River Dolores River Dolores River Salt Wash Salt Wash Professor Creek Professor Creek Onion Onion Creek Creek Castle Creek Castle Creek Placer Creek Placer Creek Mill Creek Mill Creek Kane Springs Creek Creek Indian Indian Creek Creek Bitter Bitter Creek Creek Westwater Westwater Creek Creek Cottonwood Cottonwood Wash Wash Nash Wash Nash Wash Salt Salt Creek Creek Cottonwood Cottonwood Creek Creek North North Hatch Wash Hatch Wash East Canyon Wash East Canyon Wash Pack Pack Creek Creek Salt Creek Salt Creek Roc Creek Roc Creek Mesa Creek Mesa Creek Calamity Creek Calamity Creek Wash Wash West West Creek Creek Sagers Sagers Bartlett Bartlett Wash Wash Dry Dry Wash Wash Thompson Wash Thompson Wash Tenmile Wash Tenmile Wash Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Cliffs Book Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau Castle Valley Castle Valley Moab-Spanish Valley Moab-Spanish Valley La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Island in the Sky Island in the Sky The Needles The Needles Mineral Canyon Mineral Canyon Hell Roaring Canyon Hell Roaring Canyon Spring Canyon Spring Canyon Taylor Canyon Taylor Canyon Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Surface-water site reported in the National Water Information System (NWIS) database EXPLANATION

Surface-Water Resources    15 valleys in the Castle Valley area. These streams include Onion Creek, Professor Creek, and Castle Creek. Farther southeast, Pack Creek joins with its largest tributary, Mill Creek, both of which originate on the western slope of the La Sal Mountains and flow through or adjacent to Moab-Spanish Valley, ulti­ mately reaching the Colorado River near Moab, Utah (Sum­ sion, 1971). It should be noted, however, that all streamflow from Pack Creek upstream of the springs near Moab City Park is diverted for irrigation purposes throughout Moab-Spanish Valley (Sumsion, 1971). Kane Springs Creek and its primary tributaries, Hatch Wash and East Canyon Wash, flow west­ erly and northwesterly from the southern La Sal Mountains and the mesa-dominated area between the La Sal and Abajo Mountains. Kane Springs Creek is intermittent upstream of U.S. Route 191, and perennial downstream of U.S. Route 191. Indian Creek and Salt Creek drain the northern slope of the Abajo Mountains predominantly during spring and early sum­ mer periods of increased runoff (Weir and others, 1983). The Indian Creek headwaters are largely diverted south through an aqueduct to Blanding, Utah (south of the study area), and are used predominantly for public-water supply. The remain­ ing Indian Creek discharge is appropriated for irrigation on ranches throughout the Indian Creek drainage system (Weir and others, 1983). Ephemeral or Intermittent Streams To the east of the Green River, there are numerous ephem­ eral or intermittent tributaries including Dry Wash, Tenmile Wash, Spring Canyon, Hell Roaring Canyon, Mineral Canyon, and Taylor Canyon, which drain the area between U.S. Route 191 and the Green River. To the northwest of the Colorado River, there are numerous ephemeral or intermittent tributaries including Bitter Creek, Westwater Creek, Cottonwood Wash, and Sagers Wash, which originate in the Book Cliffs; and Salt Wash, which drains the southwestern part of Arches National Park. Many of these drainages exhibit short segments of minor perennial flow, although the remainder of streamflow displays short-term snowmelt driven and infrequent storm-runoff response. Surface-Water Data Surface-water discharge and water-quality data were obtained from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database (available at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis). While other unpublished surface-water data may exist from other agencies, only USGS data are discussed in the following sections. Within the study area, there are 133 surface-water sites reported in NWIS (fig. 2; table 2). Although most of the sites are located in Utah, 36 are in western Colorado. There were 46 sites with as many as 2,697 instantaneous discharge measurements, 41 sites with between 1 and 94 peak-flow measurements, and 99 sites with as many as 2,983 water-quality records. Typically, discharge is measured when water-quality samples are collected. Out of the 133 surface-water sites reported in NWIS, 3 are at the Moab Slough Pond, which is classified as a lake. Thirteen of the sites have only location data, with no associ­ ated discharge or water-quality data. A total of 77 surfacewater sites have between 1 and 159 instantaneous discharge measurements. Ten surface-water sites have only annual peak streamflow data. The remaining 31 surface-water sites are USGS streamgage sites, which have continuous streamflow records for varying periods of time (table 3). Daily Streamflow Statistics Streamflow statistics often are used to assess the long-term availability of surface-water resources within a study area. There are 31 current (2013) and historical USGS streamgages (table 3) located throughout the study area that have continu­ ous data over a period of record that can be used to develop streamflow statistics that characterize the variability in surface-water resources. The streamflow statistics include the mean daily discharge and the maximum and minimum daily discharge. These values were computed from daily discharge data collected at each site over the entire period of record for that site. Individual measurements distributed throughout the area of interest over an extended period of time provide infor­ mation on the spatial variability and temporal trends of the water resources. Within the study area, however, sample loca­ tions are sparse and processes affecting streamflow, such as altitude or geology, are highly variable. Under these circum­ stances, it is preferable to estimate the mean daily discharge over an extended period of record bounded by the measure­ ment uncertainty, expressed as the minimum and maximum daily discharge. Streams in the study area are divided into six groups. The groups are (1) perennial streams with maximum daily dis­ charges of less than 10 ft3/s, (2) perennial streams with maxi­ mum daily discharges between 10 and 100 ft3/s, (3) ephem­ eral or intermittent streams with maximum daily discharges between 10 and 100 ft3/s, (4) perennial streams with maximum daily discharges between 100.1 and 1,000 ft3/s, (5) ephem­ eral or intermittent streams with maximum daily discharges between 100.1 and 1,000 ft3/s, and (6) perennial streams with maximum daily discharges greater than 10,000 ft3/s. The dis­ tribution of streamgage locations for each group classification is presented in figure 3. Most streamgages are located east of the Colorado River between the Dolores River and Mill Creek tributaries (fig. 3). Streams are classified based on the mean daily discharge measured at a streamgage as either perennial or ephemeral/ intermittent. This classification, however, may vary both along the reach and throughout the year. To show the variation in daily discharge statistics over the period of record, two rep­ resentative stream hydrographs for each of the six groups are provided in figure 4.

16    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS Colorado River below Colorado-Utah state line 39.08831747 -109.1009454 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09163530&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Hay Press C ab Fruita Res #3, nr Glade Park, CO. 38.8508166 -108.7828793 8,990 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09163570&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Cottonwood Wash at I-70, near Cisco, Utah 39.08165184 -109.2176153 NR Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09163675&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Roc Creek near Uranium, CO. 38.435266 -108.922883 5,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09179000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Salt Creek near Gateway, CO 38.5330428 -108.9709404 5,220 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09179200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Dolores River at Gateway, CO. 38.6813734 -108.9803867 4,548 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09179500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Dolores River near Cisco, UT 38.79720805 -109.1951142 4,165 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Colorado River near Cisco, UT 38.81054095 -109.2934493 4,090 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Onion Creek above Onion C bridge nr Moab, UT 38.69693046 -109.2551154 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180920&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Onion Creek below Onion Crk bridge nr Moab, UT 38.70637365 -109.3151161 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180970&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Onion Creek near Moab, Utah 38.724984 -109.345117 4,120 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09181000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Professor Creek near Moab, UT -109.375672 4,070 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09181500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Castle Creek above diversions, near Moab, Utah 38.5927639 -109.2656708 7,070 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Castle Creek below Castle Valley near Moab, UT 38.6738712 -109.4501174 4,120 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182400&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Castle Creek near Moab, Utah 38.67914895 -109.4492841 4,060 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Colorado River at highway bridge nr Moab, UT 38.6038705 -109.5778956 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182880&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Courthouse Wash at Arches hwy cross nr Moab, UT 38.648592 -109.599285 4,100 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182900&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Courthouse Wash near Moab, Utah 38.61275926 -109.5798402 3,980 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Colorado R above Mill Creek near Moab, Utah 38.57525984 -109.5787286 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183210&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Mill Creek at Sheley Tunnel, near Moab, UT 38.4830403 -109.4040043 5,500 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Mill Creek below Sheley Tunnel, near Moab, UT 38.48571796 -109.4111044 5,341 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183600&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Mill Creek near Moab, UT 38.56220477 -109.5140057 4,240 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09184000&agency_cd=USGS& Table 2.  Streamgage and surface-water sites that have more than location data reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area, Utah and Colorado.

Surface-Water Resources    17 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS Pack Creek at M4 Ranch, nr Moab, Utah 38.436097 -109.354837 6,140 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09184500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Pack Creek near Moab, Utah 38.540261 -109.500672 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09185000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Hatch Wash near La Sal, Utah -109.440114 5,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09185500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian Creek Tunnel near Monticello, Utah 37.8411046 -109.5054004 9,120 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09185800&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian Creek near Monticello, Utah 37.844438 -109.518734 8,700 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09186000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 09186500* Indian C ab Cottonwood Creek, nr Monticello, UT 37.9722137 -109.5192888 6,290 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09186500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 09187000* Cottonwood Creek near Monticello, Utah 38.062489 -109.574288 5,340 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 09187500* Indian Creek abv Harts Draw, nr Monticello, UT 38.151655 -109.625675 4,920 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 09187550* Indian Creek blw Bogus Pocket, nr Monticello, UT 38.1516546 -109.6256753 4,920 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187550&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Salt Cr at Canyonlands Natl Park nr Monitcello, UT 38.118071 -109.752845 5,000 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187650&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Browns Wash near Green River, Utah 38.98608294 -110.1298576 4,085 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09316000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS FloyWash@highway bridge 6&50 near Green River,UT 38.92330555 -109.9423497 NR Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09316100&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381145109525201 Colo. R. abv Green R. Confluence 38.1958611 -109.8811111 3,870 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381145109525201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381354109495201 (d-29-19)33dca Colorado R. at the loop 38.23177778 -109.8311944 3,880 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381354109495201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381741109465901 (d-29-19)12bdc Indian Creek at mouth near Moab 38.29480556 -109.7831944 3,950 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381741109465901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382042109224201 (d-28-23)22cdd Muleshoe Creek 3 upstream 38.3449722 -109.3783611 5,800 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382042109224201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382046109225801 (d-28-23)22ccd Muleshoe Creek 2 at mining area 38.3460833 -109.3828611 5,720 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382046109225801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382048109230801 (d-28-23)21dda Muleshoe Creek 1 downstream 38.34677778 -109.3855833 5,680 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382048109230801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382208109462701 (d-28-19)13acb Colorado R. at Lathrop Canyon 38.36888889 -109.7741667 3,950 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382208109462701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382319109582801 Holman Can. Pond, rm 28.1 nr Mineral Bottom 38.38859437 -109.975125 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382319109582801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382328109470401 Lathrup Canyon no.4 Sog Springs nr. Moab, Utah 38.39109579 -109.7851196 4,800 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382328109470401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382432109490201 Lathrup Canyon no. 1 Upper Wash, nr. Moab, Utah 38.40887305 -109.8178982 4,800 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382432109490201&agency_cd=USGS& Table 2.  Streamgage and surface-water sites that have more than location data reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area, Utah and Colorado.—Continued

18    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 382433109485901 Lathrup Canyon no.3 mine shaft pool nr. Moab, UT 38.4091508 -109.8170648 4,800 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382433109485901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382434109485801 Lathrup Canyon no.2,Mine Shaft Seep nr. Moab, UT 38.4094286 -109.816787 4,800 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382434109485801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382500108540702 Yellowjacket Canyon (bl Sand Canyon)(Moqui nw qu 38.41665536 -108.9026039 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382500108540702&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382613108501800 Dolores R ab Mesa C nr Uravan, CO 38.4369329 -108.8389908 NR N Y N Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382613108501800&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382632108523001 Rock Creek dup1 38.44221066 -108.8756587 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382632108523001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382702108480101 South Fork Mesa Creek Red Canyon quad 38.45054389 -108.800934 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382702108480101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382704108475301 South Fork Mesa Creek 38.45109944 -108.7987118 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382704108475301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382714108514900 Roc C at mouth nr Uravan, CO 38.4538772 -108.8642695 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382714108514900&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382737109452101* (d-27-20)18aab Colorado R. at Gooseneck 38.4602222 -109.75575 3,960 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382737109452101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382800108481401 North Fork Mesa Creek (lower) 38.46665484 -108.8045454 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382800108481401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382948108473701 North Fork Mesa Creek (Red Canyon) 38.4966545 -108.7942674 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382948108473701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382955108473101 North Fork Mesa Creek Red Canyon quad 38.49859895 -108.7926007 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382955108473101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382955108473102 N.F. Mesa Creek ab mine (Red Canyon quad) 38.49859895 -108.7926007 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382955108473102&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383006108585501 Salt Creek site number 1 38.5016545 -108.9826072 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383006108585501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383015109392301* (d-26-20)36aab Colorado River at JL Eddy 38.50416667 -109.6563889 3,950 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383015109392301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383158108533301 Blue Creek at mouth near Gateway 38.53276504 -108.8931599 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383158108533301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383203108581001 Salt Creek below Sinbad Valley near Gateway Colo 38.5341539 -108.970107 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383203108581001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383226108573001 Salt Creek site number 738.54054269 -108.9589956 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383226108573001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383247108570401 Salt Creek site number 8 38.5463759 -108.9517732 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383247108570401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383256109354801 (d-26-21)10ccc Colorado River at King's Bottom 38.5488333 -109.5966667 3,950 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383256109354801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383312108561801 Salt Creek site number 10 38.5533202 -108.938995 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383312108561801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383328108555201 Salt Creek site number 2 38.55776459 -108.9317726 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383328108555201&agency_cd=USGS& Table 2.  Streamgage and surface-water sites that have more than location data reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area, Utah and Colorado.—Continued

Surface-Water Resources    19 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383342108551001 Salt Creek site number 14 38.5616534 -108.9201056 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383342108551001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383420109334001 Mill Creek at 500 west, Moab, UT 38.5722044 -109.561784 3,985 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383420109334001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383427109341501 (d-26-21) 2bda Mill Creek nr mouth 38.5740833 -109.5708889 3,960 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383427109341501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383454109343001 Moab Slough pond 1 38.58164865 -109.575673 3,860 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383454109343001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383502109343901 Moab Slough pond 2 38.5838708 -109.5781731 3,860 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383502109343901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383525109344101 Moab slough pond 3 38.5902596 -109.5787288 3,860 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383525109344101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383619108501201 Mesa Creek at mouth near Uravan 38.6052637 -108.8373252 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383619108501201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383712110000501* Spring Canyon, rm 67.5 at Bowknot Bend of Green R. 38.6199794 -110.0020706 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383712110000501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383714108514601 Roc Creek at mouth near Uravan 38.6205412 -108.8634374 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383714108514601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383942109300401 (d-25-22) 5ada Colorado R. blw Salt Wash Rapids 38.66166667 -109.5011111 4,000 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383942109300401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384025109295201* (d-24-22)33bcc Salt Wash at mouth nr Moab, UT 38.67377778 -109.4978889 4,000 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384025109295201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384029109292701 (d-24-22)33acc Colorado R abv Salt Wash nr Moab 38.6748611 -109.4909722 4,000 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384029109292701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384050108585201 Dolores River at Gateway 38.68054009 -108.9817756 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384050108585201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384051108584601 Dolores River @ Gateway 38.68081786 -108.9801089 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384051108584601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384052108582101 West Creek at Dolores 38.68109564 -108.9731642 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384052108582101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384124109144501 Onion Creek seep site number 1 38.68998609 -109.2465042 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384124109144501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384139109150101 Onion Creek site number 3 38.69415277 -109.2509487 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384139109150101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384146109151001 Onion Creek site number 5 38.69609716 -109.2534487 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384146109151001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384152109161801 Onion Creek site number 8 38.69776344 -109.2723378 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384152109161801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384155109163301 Onion Creek site number 10 38.69859669 -109.2765046 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384155109163301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384201109171801 Onion Creek site number 12 38.7002631 -109.2890047 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384201109171801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384203108564201 204 lower West Creek 38.7008175 -108.9456634 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384203108564201&agency_cd=USGS& Table 2.  Streamgage and surface-water sites that have more than location data reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area, Utah and Colorado.—Continued

20    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 384218109190101 Onion Creek site number 19 38.7049847 -109.3176162 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384218109190101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384219109181101 Onion Creek site number 15 38.70526278 -109.3037271 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384219109181101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384225109183001 Onion Creek site number 17 38.7069293 -109.309005 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384225109183001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384248109222101 (d-24-23)16dad Professor Creek at hwy 128 38.71327778 -109.3724167 4,120 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384248109222101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384253109194201 Onion Creek site number 22 38.71470666 -109.3290052 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384253109194201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384314109202401 Onion Creek site number 24 38.7205397 -109.340672 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384314109202401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384329108542201 West Creek @ Ute Creek q 38.72470598 -108.9067732 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384329108542201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384341109205501 Onion Creek Seep site number 26 38.72803949 -109.3492833 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384341109205501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384345109205301 Onion Creek site number 26 38.7291506 -109.3487278 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384345109205301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384357109212001 Onion Creek site #28 38.73248376 -109.3562279 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384357109212001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384408109214001 Onion Creek seep site number 30 38.73553918 -109.3617835 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384408109214001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384458108541501 West Creek near North Fork 38.74942776 -108.9048289 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384458108541501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384527108462701 West Creek below Pansy Gulch near Gateway, CO 38.75748339 -108.7748237 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384527108462701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384532108540201 North Fork @ mouth s 38.7588722 -108.9012176 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384532108540201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384613108490400 West C nr mouth nr Gateway, CO 38.77026115 -108.8184365 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384613108490400&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385948110083801 drain no.1 near Green River, UT 38.99677778 -110.1438611 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385948110083801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390135110082301 East-Side Canal at mouth nr Green River, UT -110.1397222 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390135110082301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390212109323401 Nash Wash near Thompson, Utah 39.0366411 -109.5434565 5,000 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390212109323401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390214110084901 ditch no. 3 near Green River, UT 39.03719444 -110.1470278 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390214110084901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390446110082401 East-Side Canal at head nr Green River, UT 39.0794722 -110.1398611 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390446110082401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390828109242201 Cottonwood Wash near Cisco, Utah 39.141088 -109.4067885 5,080 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390828109242201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 391455109140401 Westwater Wash near Harley Dome, Utah -109.235119 4,900 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=391455109140401&agency_cd=USGS& Denotes sites that are loacted in the Moab Master Leasing Plan area. Table 2.  Streamgage and surface-water sites that have more than location data reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area, Utah and Colorado.—Continued

Surface-Water Resources    21 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Altitude of gage, in feet Period of record Group classifica­ tion1 Link to NWIS website USGS Hay Press c ab Fruita Res #3, nr Glade Park, CO 38.850817 -108.782879 8,990 1983-04-01 to 1988-03-31 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09163570&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Onion Creek above Onion C Bridge nr Moab, UT -109.255115 NR 1979-08-17 to 1981-10-19 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180920&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Onion Creek below Onion Crk Bridge nr Moab, UT 38.706374 -109.315116 NR 1979-08-16 to 1981-10-08 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180970&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Castle Creek below Castleton near Moab, UT 38.612485 -109.332338 5,600 1992-04-03 to 2001-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Castle Creek below Castle Valley near Moab, UT 38.673871 -109.450117 4,120 1992-04-03 to 2012-10-14 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182400&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Mill Creek below Sheley Tunnel, near Moab, UT 38.485718 -109.411104 5,341 2003-10-01 to 2012-10-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183600&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Pack Creek at M4 Ranch, nr Moab, Utah 38.436097 -109.354837 6,140 1954-10-01 to 1959-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09184500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Pack Creek near Moab, Utah 38.540261 -109.500672 NR 1954-10-01 to 1959-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09185000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Castle Creek above diversions, near Moab, Utah 38.592764 -109.265671 7,070 1950-07-11 to 1975-10-07 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian Creek Tunnel near Monticello, Utah 37.841105 -109.5054 9,120 1957-10-01 to 1980-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09185800&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian Creek near Monticello, Utah 37.844438 -109.518734 8,700 1949-10-01 to 1957-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09186000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Cottonwood Creek near Monticello, Utah 38.062489 -109.574288 5,340 1949-10-01 to 1957-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Floywash@highway Bridge 6&50 near Green River,UT 38.923306 -109.94235 NR 1983-04-15 to 1986-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09316100&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Cottonwood Wash at I-70, near Cisco, Utah 39.081652 -109.217615 NR 1983-04-13 to 1986-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09163675&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Salt Creek near Gateway, CO 38.533043 -108.97094 5,220 1979-09-01 to 1985-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09179200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Mill Creek at Sheley Tunnel, near Moab, UT -109.404004 5,500 1954-10-01 to 2012-12-02 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Mill Creek near Moab, UT 38.562205 -109.514006 4,240 1949-07-01 to 1993-10-25 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09184000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian Creek blw Bogus Pocket, nr Monticello, UT 38.151655 -109.625675 4,920 1983-04-01 to 1988-03-02 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187550&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Roc Creek near Uranium, CO. 38.435266 -108.922883 5,200 1944-08-01 to 1952-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09179000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Onion Creek near Moab, Utah 38.724984 -109.345117 4,120 1950-06-29 to 1955-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09181000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Professor Creek near Moab, UT -109.375672 4,070 1950-07-01 to 1953-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09181500&agency_cd=USGS& Table 3.  Streamgages with daily discharge data from the National Water Information System database used to estimate streamflow statistics within the study area, Utah and Colorado.

22    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Altitude of gage, in feet Period of record Group classifica­ tion1 Link to NWIS website USGS Castle Creek near Moab, Utah 38.679149 -109.449284 4,060 1950-07-10 to 1958-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Courthouse Wash at Arches hwy cross nr Moab, UT 38.648592 -109.599285 4,100 1958-10-01 to 1966-07-15 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09182900&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Courthouse Wash near Moab, Utah 38.612759 -109.57984 3,980 1949-10-01 to 1989-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09183000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Hatch Wash near La Sal, Utah -109.440114 5,500 1950-08-01 to 1971-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09185500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian C ab Cottonwood Creek, nr Monticello, UT 37.972214 -109.519289 6,290 1949-10-01 to 1991-10-07 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09186500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Indian Creek abv Harts Draw, nr Monticello, UT 38.151655 -109.625675 4,920 1949-10-01 to 1984-01-31 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09187500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Browns Wash near Green River, Utah 38.986083 -110.129858 4,085 1949-03-01 to 1968-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09316000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Dolores River at Gateway, CO. 38.681373 -108.980387 4,548 1936-10-01 to 1954-09-30 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09179500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Dolores River near Cisco, UT 38.797208 -109.195114 4,165 1950-12-01 to 2012-10-29 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS Colorado River near Cisco, UT 38.810541 -109.293449 4,090 1913-10-01 to 2012-10-18 http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=09180500&agency_cd=USGS& 1Group classification based on the following stream characteristics: 1 Low discharge perennial streams with maximum daily discharges of less than 10 cfs. 2 Moderate discharge perennial streams with maximum daily discharges between 10 and 100 cfs. 3 Moderate discharge ephemeral or intermittent streams with maximum daily discharges between 10 and 100 cfs. 4 High discharge perennial streams with maximum daily discharges between 100.1 and 1,000 cfs. 5 High discharge ephemeral or intermittent streams with maximum daily discharges between 100.1 and 1,000 cfs. 6 Very high discharge perennial streams with maximum daily discharges greater than 10,000 cfs. Table 3.  Streamgages with daily discharge data from the National Water Information System database used to estimate streamflow statistics within the study area, Utah and Colorado.—Continued

Surface-Water Resources    23 Figure 3.  Location of U.S. Geological Survey streamgages used to compute daily streamflow statistics within the study area and associated group classification. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Colorado River Colorado River Green River Green River Dolores River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Surface-water site—Groupings based on maximum daily discharge; Number refers to U.S. Geological Survey site number Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 EXPLANATION

24    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area General Streamflow Classification An annual spring snowmelt and runoff event dominates the hydrology of streams draining mountainous parts of the study area, and most of the perennial streams within the study area are considered to be snowmelt-dominated. Hydrographs for snowmelt-dominated streams such as Hay Press Creek (USGS site number 09163570) or Mill Creek at Sheley Tun­ nel (USGS site number 09183500) show a well-defined peak that lasts several weeks during the spring to early summer (generally, Julian days 91 through 211; fig. 4). Many of the gaged streams also are perennial for most of the period of the record, such as Castle Creek (USGS site number 09182400) or Mill Creek near Moab (USGS site number 09184000; fig. 4). If the minimum daily flow decreases to zero, however, the stream is considered ephemeral/intermittent at that location. The hydrographs for streamgage sites on Indian Creek (USGS site number 09186000) and Cottonwood Creek (USGS site number 09187000) show this ephemeral/intermittent pattern (fig. 4). Figure 4.  Hydrographs showing daily stream discharge statistics of representative streams for each of the six stream groups within the study area. Discharge, in cubic feet per second Julian day USGS site number and name: 09187000 COTTONWOOD CREEK NEAR MONTICELLO, UTAH Group 3-Ephemeral or intermittent streams between 10 and 100 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1949 through 9/30/1957 USGS site number and name: 09186000 INDIAN CREEK NEAR MOTICELLO, UTAH Group 3-Ephemeral or intermittent streams between 10 and 100 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1949 through 9/30/1957 USGS site number and name: 09184500 PACK CREEK AT M4 RANCH, NR MOAB, UTAH Group 2-Perennial streams between 10 and 100 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1954 through 9/30/1959 USGS site number and name: 09163570 HAY PRESS C AB FRUITA RES #3, NR GLADE PARK, CO. Group 1-Perennial streams less than 10 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1983 through 9/30/1988 USGS site number and name: 09180920 ONION CREEK ABOVE ONION C BRIDGE NR MOAB, UT Group 1-Perennial streams less than 10 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1978 through 9/30/1982 USGS site number and name: 09182400 CASTLE CREEK BELOW CASTLE VALLEY NEAR MOAB, UT Group 2-Perennial streams between 10 and 100 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1991 through 9/30/2011 Mean daily discharge Minimum/maximum daily discharge

Surface-Water Resources    25 The timing of the peak snowmelt runoff at a streamgage will vary in time because of year-to-year variations in snow­ pack depth and air temperature, which control the rate of spring snowmelt (Clow, 2010). Higher-altitude locations generally are underlain by fractured volcanics with secondary permeability that increases subsurface infiltration and ground­ water recharge, as opposed to rapid surficial runoff (Gardner and others, 2010). Examples of this behavior are Pack Creek (USGS site number 09184500) and Indian Creek (USGS site number 09186000; fig. 4). A bimodal distribution is observed in hydrographs from some sites with a late-spring snowmelt-runoff peak followed by smaller peaks of shorter duration during the late summer, such as Cottonwood Creek (USGS site number 09187000), Courthouse Wash (USGS site number 09183000), and Hatch Wash (USGS site number 09185500; fig. 4). The rapid and intense (flashy) response to monsoonally-derived precipitation events (generally occurring on Julian days 181 through 301) is typical of watersheds where semi-impermeable slickrock sandstone is prevalent. In these areas, high rainfall intensities can lead to excess overland flow. Discharge, in cubic feet per second Julian day 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000 1,000 USGS site number and name: 09180000 DOLORES RIVER NEAR CISCO, UT Group 6-Perennial streams greater than 10,000 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1986 through 9/30/2012 USGS site number and name: 09180500 COLORADO RIVER NEAR CISCO, UT Group 6-Perennial streams greater than 10,000 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1913 through 9/30/2012 USGS site number and name: 09185500 HATCH WASH NEAR LA SAL, UTAH Group 5-Ephemeral or intermittent streams between 100.1 and 1,000 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1949 through 9/30/1971 USGS site number and name: 09183000 COURTHOUSE WASH NEAR MOAB, UT Group 5-Ephemeral or intermittent streams between 100.1 and 1,000 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1949 through 9/30/1989 USGS site number and name: 09183500 MILL CREEK AT SHELEY TUNNEL, NEAR MOAB, UT Group 4-Perennial streams between 100.1 and 1,000 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1954 through 9/30/2012 USGS site number and name: 09184000 MILL CREEK NEAR MOAB, UT Group 4-Perennial streams between 100.1 and 1,000 cubic feet per second Calculation period - 10/1/1981 through 9/30/1993 Mean daily discharge Minimum/maximum daily discharge Figure 4.   Hydrographs showing daily stream discharge statistics of representative streams for each of the six stream groups within the study area.—Continued

26    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area The very large regional streams include the Colorado River, the Green River, and the Dolores River. These rivers integrate local streamflow variations caused by local meteo­ rological conditions, event-based variations, and complex topography of very large contributing areas. The hydrographs for these streams, therefore, are much more smooth and consistent, as indicated by the Colorado River (USGS site number 09180500) or the Dolores River (USGS site number 09180000) hydrographs (fig. 4). These hydrographs show a clear late spring snowmelt-runoff peak, and less flashy response to subsequent precipitation events than some of the smaller streams. The mean daily discharge and the maximum and minimum daily discharge for the period of record provide information on the stream type, flow duration, and range of discharge that has been observed at the streamgage. Additional information on streamflow can be obtained by examining mean annual discharge. The mean annual discharge for each of the 31 locations with long-term statistics, arranged into the six group classifications, is shown in figure 5. In general, the larger and (or) perennial streams show less variation in mean annual discharge than the smaller and (or) ephemeral/intermittent streams. Surface-Water Quality Water-quality samples were collected by the USGS from the streamgages and surface-water sampling sites within the study area during a variety of previous and ongoing investi­ gations. At 99 of the streamgages and sampling sites, stream discharge and (or) field parameters were measured, and (or) water samples were collected and analyzed for varying suites of parameters (table 2). As many as 501 individual param­ eters have been measured, including physical stream param­ eters, hydrologic conditions, water quality, and biological constituents. Each of the streamgages and sampling sites were sampled between 1 and 2,983 times over the period of record for the site, with an average of 65 samples collected per site. A total of 6,444 water-quality samples were collected within the study area. Most samples (67 percent) were collected at the Dolores River near Cisco (USGS site number 09180000) and Colorado River near Cisco (USGS site number 09180500) streamgages. Specific conductance provides a spatial indicator of the relative difference in total dissolved solids between loca­ tions that can be used to infer general water quality. Specific conductance is essentially a surrogate for total dissolved solids because conductance is highly dependent on the amount of dissolved solids in the water. As a general rule of thumb, specific conductance can be converted to concentrations of total dissolved solids by multiplying the conductance by 0.65 (Hem, 1985). The measured mean values of specific conductance from streamgages and surface-water sampling sites within the study area are shown in figure 6. Mean specific-conductance values were calculated as the mean of all specific-conductance measurements made at each surfacewater streamgage or sampling site; the number of measure­ ments and period of record are highly variable from site to site. Eight sites in Salt Creek, a tributary of the Dolores River, had 8 of the 10 greatest mean specific-conductance measure­ ments, ranging from slightly greater than 12,000 µS/cm up to about 141,000 µS/cm. The other two locations with mean specific-conductance values greater than 10,000 µS/cm were Professor Creek at Highway 128, near Moab, Utah (USGS site number 384248109222101), and Lathrop Canyon No. 2 (USGS site number 382434109485801) located north of the confluence of the Green and Colorado Rivers in Canyonlands National Park. These results are consistent with previous investigations that identify the effects of regional salt anti­ clines on salinity loading (Weir and others, 1983). Because the regional surface-water resources are an extremely limited and valuable resource, pollut­ ants that cause restrictions on use can be detrimental. The Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 (available at http://www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/cwatxt.txt, accessed June 3, 2013) require states to establish and maintain water-quality standards that are designed to protect, restore, and preserve the quality of water throughout the state. When the water-quality standards are not maintained in a water body for the desig­ nated use classification, section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires the state to place the water body on a list of impaired waters and to prepare a plan to restore the water quality. The plan of study is based on the total maximum daily load, which establishes the maximum amount of the pollutant in a specific water body to maintain the designated beneficial use. Several streams throughout the study area are considered impaired for specific designated-use classifications (available at http://www. epa.gov/waters/ir/index.html accessed on November 8, 2013). Based on the reporting cycle for 2010, the EPA has reported that the Colorado River is impaired with respect to selenium. Mill Creek, Onion Creek, Pack Creek, and the Dolores River are impaired with respect to total dissolved solids. Addition­ ally, Mill Creek, Onion Creek, and Pack Creek are impaired with respect to temperature, and the Dolores River is impaired with respect to iron. Finally, Castle Creek, Westwater Creek, and Cottonwood Wash are impaired with respect to benthic macroinvertebrates bioassessments.

Surface-Water Resources    27 Figure 5.  Hydrographs showing mean annual surface-water discharge, grouped by stream classification. USGS site number and name: 09182000 CASTLE CREEK ABOVE DIVERSIONS, NEAR MOAB, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09180970 ONION CREEK BELOW ONION CRK BRIDGE NR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09163570 HAY PRESS C AB FRUITA RES #3, NR GLADE PARK, CO USGS site number and name: 09185800 INDIAN CREEK TUNNEL NEAR MONTICELLO, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09182200 CASTLE CREEK BELOW CASTLETON NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09180920 ONION CREEK ABOVE ONION CRK BRIDGE NR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09186000 INDIAN CREEK NEAR MONTICELLO, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09182400 CASTLE CREEK BELOW CASTLE VALLEY NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09185000 PACK CREEK NEAR MOAB, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09187000 COTTONWOOD CREEK NEAR MONTICELLO, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09183600 MILL CREEK BELOW SHELEY TUNNEL, NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09316100 FLOYWASH@HIGHWAY BRIDGE 6&50 NEAR GREEN RIVER, UT USGS site number and name: 09184500 PACK CREEK AT M4 RANCH NR MOAB, UT Group 3-Ephemeral or intermittent streams between 10 and 100 cubic feet per second Group 2-Perennial streams between 10 and 100 cubic feet per second Group 1-Perennial streams less than 10 cubic feet per second Mean annual discharge, in cubic feet per second

28    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 5.  Hydrographs showing mean annual surface-water discharge, grouped by stream classification.—Continued Mean annual discharge, in cubic feet per second 1,000 10,000 100,000 USGS site number and name: 09182900 COURTHOUSE WASH AT ARCHES HWY CROSS NR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09184000 MILL CREEK NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09185500 HATCH WASH NEAR LA SAL, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09187550 INDIAN CREEK BLW BOGUS POCKET, NR MONTICELLO, UT USGS site number and name: 09180500 COLORADO RIVER NEAR CISCO, UT USGS site number and name: 9187500 INDIAN CREEK ABV HARTS DRAW, NR MONTICELLO, UT USGS site number and name: 09183500 MILL CREEK AT SHELEY TUNNEL, NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09180000 DOLORES RIVER NEAR CISCO, UT USGS site number and name: 09179000 ROC CREEK NEAR URANIUM, CO. USGS site number and name: 09179200 SALT CREEK NEAR GATEWAY, CO USGS site number and name: 09179500 DOLORES RIVER AT GATEWAY, CO. USGS site number and name: 09181500 PROFESSOR CREEK NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09163675 COTTONWOOD WASH AT I-70, NEAR CISCO, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09181000 ONION CREEK NEAR MOAB, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09316000 BROWNS WASH NEAR GREEN RIVER, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09183000 COURTHOUSE WASH NEAR MOAB, UT USGS site number and name: 09182500 CASTLE CREEK NEAR MOAB, UTAH USGS site number and name: 09186500 INDIAN C AB COTTONWOOD CREEK, NR MONTICELLO, UT Group 6-Perennial streams greater than 10,000 cubic feet per second Group 5-Ephemeral or intermittent streams between 100.1 and 1,000 cubic feet per second Group 4-Perennial streams between 100.1 and 1,000 cubic feet per second USGS site number and name: 09183500 MILL CREEK AT SHELEY TUNNEL, NEAR MOAB, UT

Surface-Water Resources    29 Figure 6.  Mean field-measured specific conductance for surface-water sites within the study area. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Cliffs Book Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Mean, field-measured specific conductance for surface-water sites, in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsuis—Size indicates value, color indicates number of samples EXPLANATION 0 to 500 501 to 1,000 1,001 to 5,000 5,001 to 10,000 10,001 to 50,000 50,001 to 100,000 100,001 to 141,000 1 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 500 501 to 1,000 1,000 to 1,788

Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Groundwater Data for springs and wells within the study area were obtained from the USGS NWIS database (available at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis), and include location informa­ tion; discharge data for springs; water-level and total depth data for wells; and selected field parameters, major ions, and trace metals. While other unpublished groundwater data may exist from other agencies, only USGS data are discussed in the following sections. Within the study area, there are 216 springs (fig. 7) and 1,062 wells (fig. 8) reported in NWIS. Most of these reported sites, however, have no data associated with them in NWIS other than location. Springs Of the 216 springs reported in the NWIS database for the study area (fig. 7), 129 have no discharge or water-quality data associated with them. Of the remaining 87 springs, 64 have at least 1 discharge measurement; 65 have reported field measurements of temperature, pH, and (or) specific conduc­ tance; 65 have reported major ion concentrations; and 61 have reported concentrations of trace metals, including iron, man­ ganese, arsenic, selenium, and (or) uranium (table 4). Links to the NWIS database are provided in table 4 for sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data. Although few of the reported springs are present within the Moab MLP area, large parts of the Moab MLP area are upgradient of springs that are important water resources, especially springs in Canyonlands and Arches National Parks. Groundwater withdrawals within the Moab MLP area, therefore, potentially could affect dis­ charge to these downgradient springs. The mean discharge for the 64 springs with available discharge data within the study area is shown in figure 9. Mean discharge was calculated as the mean of all discharge measurements made at each spring; the number of measure­ ments and period of record are highly variable from spring to spring. Mean spring discharge within the study area varies widely between less than 1 and 371 gal/min. The largest reported mean spring discharges are in Moab-Spanish Val­ ley, and on the western flank of the La Sal Mountains. Most springs within the study area have mean discharges of less than 10 gal/min. Wells Of the 1,062 wells reported in the NWIS database for the study area (fig. 8), 590 have no water-level or water-quality data associated with them. Of the remaining 472 wells, 417 have at least 1 water-level measurement; 115 have reported field measurements of temperature, pH, and (or) specific conductance; 109 have reported major ion concentrations; and 77 have reported concentrations of trace metals, including iron, manganese, arsenic, selenium, and (or) uranium (table 5). Links to the NWIS database are provided in table 5 for wells with water-level and (or) water-quality data. Although a number of the reported wells are located within the Moab MLP area, there are no data other than location reported in the NWIS database for most of these wells. Water Levels Mean water-level altitudes for 417 wells within the study area are shown in figure 10. Mean water-level altitudes were calculated as the mean of all water-level measurements made at each well; the number of measurements and period of record are highly variable from well to well. Mean waterlevel altitudes range from 2,500 to 8,500 ft within the study area. The water-level altitudes generally indicate a regional hydraulic gradient, or groundwater flow potential, towards the Colorado River, with local gradients showing groundwater movement towards small surface-water drainage features. The locations of 20 wells with long-term (20 years or greater) water-level records in the study area are shown in figure 11. Hydrographs of the water levels in these wells are shown in figure 12. Wells 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 15 are completed in unconsolidated aquifers; wells 6, 8, and 10 are completed in the Glen Canyon Group aquifer; and aquifers of completion are unknown for wells 3, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, and Seasonally, water levels are higher in the spring and lower in the autumn, which can be seen in hydrographs of wells that were measured more than once annually (for example, wells 7 and 9 from 1971 to 1982 on fig 12). Water levels generally declined from the late 1960s to the late 1970s (for example, wells 1, 7, and 9 on fig. 12), corresponding to a period of below-average precipitation in the area (Burden and others, 2011, fig. 40). Water levels in the 1980s show a large rise (for example, wells 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 17 on fig. 12), which corresponds to an increase in precipitation to near-average or above-average conditions in the mid-to late 1980s (Bur­ den and others, 2011, fig. 40). Water levels generally rose or remained constant in the 1990s (for example, wells 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, and 9 on fig. 12), followed by a decline from the early to mid-2000s (for example, wells 6, 7, 8, 9, and 17 on fig. 12), corresponding to a slight decrease in precipitation (Burden and others, 2011, fig. 40). Since the mid-2000s, water levels have remained relatively constant (for example, wells 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 on fig. 12).

Groundwater    31 Figure 7.  Location of spring sites within the study area reported in the National Water Information System database. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Spring site—From the National Water Infomation System (NWIS) database for which location infomation is the only available data Spring site—From the National Water Information System (NWIS) database for which there are discharge and (or) water-quality data EXPLANATION

32    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 8.  Location of wells within the study area reported in the National Water Information System database. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Well site—From the National Water Infomation System (NWIS) database for which location infomation is the only available data Well site—From the National Water Information System (NWIS) database for which there are water-level and (or) water-quality data EXPLANATION

Groundwater    33 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 375802109323001* (D-32-22)30dba-S1 -109.54234 7,100 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375802109323001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375831109211001 (D-32-23)24ccc-S1 -109.35345 6,850 N N Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375831109211001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380646109494701 (D-31-19) 4adc-S1 -109.83040 5,400 Y N N Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380646109494701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380655109451501 (D-31-20) 6ada-S1 -109.75484 5,020 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380655109451501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380658109490701 (D-31-19) 3bda-S1 -109.81929 5,270 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380658109490701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380728109492801 T(D-30-19)34cac-S1 -109.82512 5,200 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380728109492801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380742109460201 (D-30-19)31cdd-S1 -109.76790 5,030 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380742109460201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380830109492501 (D-30-19)27cdd-S1 -109.82429 5,180 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380830109492501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380835109473001 (D-30-19)25cdc-S1 -109.79235 5,060 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380835109473001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380850109485501 (D-30-19)26cbc-S1 -109.81596 5,080 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380850109485501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380924109451001 (D-30-20)20cdd-S1 -109.75346 4,936 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380924109451001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380950109475601 (D-30-19)22add-S1 -109.79957 4,950 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380950109475601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381041109490701 (D-30-19)15adc-S1 -109.81929 4,780 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381041109490701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381110109482101 (D-30-19)14aab-S1 -109.80651 4,780 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381110109482101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381122109502001 (D-30-19) 9dbd-S1 -109.83957 4,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381122109502001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381138109471101 (D-30-19)12acb-S1 -109.78707 4,730 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381138109471101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381331109474901 T(D-29-19)36bbc-S1 -109.79762 4,390 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381331109474901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381914109201101 (D-28-23)36dba-S1 -109.33706 6,300 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381914109201101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382041109210201 (D-28-23)23ddb-S1 -109.35122 6,170 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382041109210201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382330109272001* (D-28-22) 1cab-S1 -109.45623 5,130 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382330109272001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382357109531901 (D-28-18) 1abc-S1 -109.88929 5,920 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382357109531901&agency_cd=USGS& Table 4.  Spring sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.

34    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 382400109210001 (D-28-23) 3ad -S1 -109.35067 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382400109210001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382417109574801 (D-27-18)32dcb-S1 -109.96401 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382417109574801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382430109254501 (D-27-23)31dbc-S1 -109.42984 5,320 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382430109254501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382500109200001 (D-27-24)19c -S1 -109.33400 NR N N Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382500109200001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382505109561801 (D-27-18)27ccb-S1 -109.93901 4,640 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382505109561801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382543109193101 (D-27-24)30bbc-S1 -109.32595 6,700 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382543109193101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382558109201901 (D-27-23)24dcc-S1 -109.33928 6,400 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382558109201901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382630109502001 (D-27-19)21bdc-S1 -109.83957 5,680 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382630109502001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382633109492801 (D-27-19)22bbc-S1 -109.82512 5,680 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382633109492801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382700109270001 (D-27-23)17a -S1 -109.45067 NR N N Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382700109270001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382707110002301 R(D-27-17)13dba-S1 -110.00707 3,990 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382707110002301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382713109555001 (D-27-18)15bdc-S1 -109.93123 4,890 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382713109555001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383023109212501 (D-26-23)26dcc-S1 -109.35762 7,440 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383023109212501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383107109162301 (D-26-24)28aba-S1 -109.27373 9,370 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383107109162301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383149109284601 (D-26-22)22aad-S1 -109.47928 4,580 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383149109284601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383156109284201 (D-26-22)22aaa-S1 -109.47984 4,580 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383156109284201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383203109280001 (D-26-22)14acc-S1 -109.46845 4,660 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383203109280001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383206109292401 (D-26-22)15cdc-S1 -109.49067 4,480 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383206109292401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383213109293301 (D-26-22)15cca-S1 -109.49317 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383213109293301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383254109291201 (D-26-22)15cbb-S1 -109.48734 4,460 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383254109291201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383309109322001 (D-26-22) 7cca-S1 -109.53956 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383309109322001&agency_cd=USGS& Table 4.  Spring sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    35 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383351109232801 (D-26-23) 3ccc-S1 -109.39178 5,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383351109232801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383534109334001 (D-25-21)35aaa-S1 -109.56178 4,080 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383534109334001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383607109342801 (D-25-21)26bdc-S1 -109.57512 4,040 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383607109342801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383610109341601 (D-25-21)26bdd-S1 -109.57178 4,000 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383610109341601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383610109342201 (D-25-21)26bdc-S2 -109.57345 4,040 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383610109342201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383824109555801* (D-25-18) 9ddc-S1 -109.93346 5,040 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383824109555801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383955109373001 (D-25-21) 5abb-S1 -109.62567 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383955109373001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383957109380301 (D-25-21) 5bbb-S1 -109.63484 4,240 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383957109380301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383957109390101* (D-25-21) 6bba-S1 -109.65095 4,320 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383957109390101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384020109340601 (D-24-22) 8aba-S1 -109.56901 4,360 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384020109340601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384025109385701 (D-24-21)31dab-S1 -109.64984 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384025109385701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384155109312001 (D-24-22) 6bdc-S1 -109.52290 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384155109312001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384157109162301 (D-24-24)21ddb-S1 -109.27373 4,960 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384157109162301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384157109162302 (D-24-24)21dbb-S2 -109.27373 5,200 N N Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384157109162302&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384158109113001 (D-24-25)20cac-S1 -109.19234 5,430 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384158109113001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384203109373901 (D-24-21)20cad-S1 -109.62818 4,640 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384203109373901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384215109172201 Little Salt Spring near -109.29012 NR N N Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384215109172201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384340109361301 (D-24-21)30cad-S1 -109.60429 4,310 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384340109361301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384354109480801* (D-24-19)10dcd-S1 -109.80290 4,720 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384354109480801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384355109353501 (D-24-21)31bda-S1 -109.59373 4,240 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384355109353501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384357109354701 (D-24-21)31bba-S1 -109.59706 4,340 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384357109354701&agency_cd=USGS& Table 4.  Spring sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

36    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 384443109580201* (D-24-18) 7aaa-S1 -109.96790 4,400 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384439109563901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384544109434201* (D-23-20)32dca-S1 -109.72901 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384544109434201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384736109334201 (D-23-21)23dad-S1 -109.56234 4,520 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384736109334201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384813109304701* (D-23-22)17cab-S1 -109.51373 4,660 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384813109304701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384900109203001* (D-23-23)11dbc-S1 -109.34234 4,420 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384900109203001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384903109191201* (D-23-23)12dba-S1 -109.32067 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384903109191201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384908109174501 (D-23-24) 8cbb-S1 -109.29650 4,155 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384908109174501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385109109364801* (D-22-21)32aac-S1 -109.61401 4,700 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385109109364801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385314109114901 (D-22-25)18cdb-S1 -109.19761 4,520 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385314109114901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385433109060701 (D-22-25)12bda-S1 -109.10261 5,720 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385433109060701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385627109131201 (D-21-24)36bbc-S1 -109.22067 4,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385627109131201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385631109133301 (D-21-24)35aab-S1 -109.22650 4,200 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385631109133301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385958110082301 (D-21-16)10dbd-S1 Seep -110.13972 4,060 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385958110082301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390239109432201 (D-20-20)28bbb-S1 -109.72346 5,760 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390239109432201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382756108522001 NB04901833DAC -108.87288 4,750 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382756108522001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383131108584701 042 Sinbad Spring -108.98039 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383131108584701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383135108584701 Salt Springs at Sinbad Valley, CO site 1a -108.98039 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383135108584701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383135108584702 Salt Springs at Sinbad Valley, CO site 1b -108.98039 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383135108584702&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383326108384801 NB05001634BCB1 -108.64732 9,180 N Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383326108384801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383521108385301 NB05001622BBC1 -108.64871 9,300 N Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383521108385301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383655109021001 001 Willow Spring -109.03678 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383655109021001&agency_cd=USGS& Table 4.  Spring sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    37 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Discharge data? (Y/N) Field parameters (temperature, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace metals? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 384502108494501 SC01510218ADC1 -108.82983 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384502108494501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385334108542901 SC01310127DAD1 -108.90872 8,630 N Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385334108542901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385420108442701 SC01310224DCA1 -108.74149 NR N N Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385420108442701&agency_cd=USGS& Denotes sites that are loacted in the Moab Master Leasing Plan area. Table 4.  Spring sites with discharge and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

38    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 9.  Mean discharge for springs reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY SAN MIGUEL COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Mean spring discharge, in gallons per minute 0.1 to 1 1.1 to 5 5.1 to 10 10.1 to 50 50.1 to 100 100.1 to 200 Greater than 200 EXPLANATION

Groundwater    39 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 375642109105001 (D-32-25)33cdd- 1 37.94499306 -109.1812233 6,750 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375642109105001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375801109080000 (D-32-25)25cbb- 1 37.96693721 -109.1339999 6,820 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375801109080000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375804109082300 (D-32-25)26adc- 1 37.96777057 -109.140389 6,795 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375804109082300&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375804109093000 (D-32-25)27adc- 1 37.96777063 -109.1590005 6,765 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375804109093000&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375809109165500 (D-32-24)28ada- 1 37.96915961 -109.2826146 6,880 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375809109165500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375816109151200 (D-32-24)26bad- 1 37.97110418 -109.2540026 6,860 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375816109151200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375825109085700 (D-32-25)26bab- 1 37.97360391 -109.1498336 6,740 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375825109085700&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375827109154201 (D-32-24)26bbb- 1 37.97415965 -109.2623362 6,840 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375827109154201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375830109133200 (D-32-25)18ccc- 1 37.97499298 -109.2262241 6,815 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375830109133200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375902109190400 (D-32-24)20bcb- 1 37.98388144 -109.3184491 7,005 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375902109190400&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375903109155801 (D-32-24)22adb- 1 37.98415949 -109.2667807 6,910 1,620 1,595 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375903109155801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 375913109190700 (D-32-24)19aad- 1 37.98693695 -109.3192824 7,020 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=375913109190700&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380000109150501 (D-32-24)11abc- 1 37.99999269 -109.2520579 6,720 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380000109150501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380006109084101 (D-32-25)14baa- 1 38.00165937 -109.1453889 6,880 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380006109084101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380034109260701* (D-32-23) 7dbb- 1 38.00943595 -109.4359527 6,310 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380034109260701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380244109202201 (D-31-23)36dac- 1 38.0455469 -109.3401156 6,080 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380244109202201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380307109253101* (D-31-23)32bbd- 1 38.05193515 -109.4259515 6,200 1,545 1,480 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380307109253101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380356109195801 (D-31-24)30bca- 1 38.06554656 -109.3334484 6,040 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380356109195801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380402109213301* (D-31-23)26abd- 1 38.06721303 -109.3598381 6,060 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380402109213301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380425109204201 (D-31-23)24dbc- 1 38.07360188 -109.3456709 5,980 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380425109204201&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.

40    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 380435109212901* (D-31-23)23add- 1 38.07637952 -109.3587267 6,020 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380435109212901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380445109142701 (D-31-24)24bdb- 1 38.07915796 -109.2415011 5,960 1,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380445109142701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380542109252201* (D-31-23)17bbd- 1 38.09498984 -109.4234504 6,240 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380542109252201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380552109234201* (D-31-23) 9ddd- 1 38.09776775 -109.3956718 6,195 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380552109234201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380613109141501 (D-31-24) 7daa- 1 38.10360199 -109.2381674 5,980 1,100 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380613109141501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380632109221301* (D-31-23) 2ccc- 1 38.10887881 -109.3709487 6,070 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380632109221301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380649109112601 (D-31-25) 5dda- 1 38.113602 -109.1912219 6,360 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380649109112601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380730109251301* (D-31-23) 5baa- 1 38.12498925 -109.4209497 6,210 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380730109251301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380804109190301 (D-30-24)32ccd- 1 38.13443424 -109.3181691 5,840 NR N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380804109190301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380812109152501 (D-30-24)35bac- 1 38.13665685 -109.2576119 6,160 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380812109152501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380835109473002 (D-30-19)25cdc- 1 38.14304298 -109.7923453 5,080 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380835109473002&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380850109463501 (D-30-20)30cba- 1 38.14720977 -109.777067 5,020 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380850109463501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380857109164001 (D-30-24)27cba- 1 38.14915647 -109.2784456 5,970 NR 1,800 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380857109164001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380906109194601 (D-30-24)30bda- 1 38.15165605 -109.3301135 5,830 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380906109194601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380922109334601* (D-30-21)25aaa- 1 38.15609908 -109.563452 6,340 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380922109334601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380924109210001 (D-30-23)25bba- 1 38.1566558 -109.3506695 5,988 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380924109210001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380940109443501 (D-30-20)20dac- 1 38.16109885 -109.7437325 4,940 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380940109443501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380946109162101 (D-30-24)22caa- 1 38.16276737 -109.2731675 5,990 NR Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380946109162101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380951109162401 (D-30-24)22bdd- 1 38.16415623 -109.2740008 6,000 NR Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380951109162401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 380959109234201* (D-30-23)22bcb- 1 38.1663775 -109.3956704 5,870 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380959109234201&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    41 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 380959109445001 (D-30-20)20aca- 1 38.16637661 -109.7478992 5,000 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=380959109445001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381034109274501* (D-30-22)13cab- 1 38.17633333 -109.4624722 6,020 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381034109274501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381035109162901 (D-30-24)15caa- 1 38.17637822 -109.2753896 6,099 NR 8,861 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381035109162901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381043109253200* (D-30-23)17bdc- 1 38.17859924 -109.4262265 6,200 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381043109253200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381050109251301* (D-30-23)17acb- 1 38.18054369 -109.4209485 5,900 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381050109251301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381100109152801 (D-30-24)14bad- 1 38.18332266 -109.2584446 6,732 NR 9,022 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381100109152801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381100109170001 (D-30-24)16aax- 1 38.18332247 -109.2840008 6,218 NR 9,120 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381100109170001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381125109140101 (D-30-24)12dab- 1 38.19026715 -109.2342774 6,320 NR Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381125109140101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381137109245001* (D-30-23) 8ada- 1 38.19359903 -109.4145592 5,860 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381137109245001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381140109222501 (D-30-23)10add- 1 38.19443266 -109.3742805 5,712 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381140109222501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381142109171301 (D-30-24) 9acd- 1 38.19498889 -109.2876118 6,259 NR 8,848 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381142109171301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381146109173001 (D-30-24) 9bac- 1 38.19609994 -109.2923341 6,294 NR 9,533 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381146109173001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381247109230001* (D-30-23) 3bac- 1 38.21304333 -109.3840026 5,680 NR N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381247109230001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381256109253801* T(D-29-23)32ccc- 1 38.21554292 -109.4278924 5,810 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381256109253801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381322109235801* T(D-29-23)33dbb- 1 38.22276523 -109.4001138 5,670 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381322109235801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381329109240001* T(D-29-23)33aca- 1 38.22470963 -109.4006694 5,690 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381329109240001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381430109260001* (D-29-23)31bac- 1 38.24165345 -109.434003 5,600 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381430109260001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381452109240801* (D-29-23)28cbd- 1 38.2477647 -109.4028912 5,880 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381452109240801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381502109313101* (D-29-22)30add- 1 38.25054173 -109.5259491 6,000 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381502109313101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381534109263101* (D-29-22)24ddb- 1 38.25943089 -109.4426142 5,720 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381534109263101&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

42    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 381600109244501* (D-29-23)20caa- 1 38.2666533 -109.4131692 5,920 NR N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381600109244501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381634109393401* (D-29-21)18bdx- 1 38.27609763 -109.6601181 6,196 NR 7,256 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381634109393401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381700109190801 (D-29-24)18bab- 1 38.28332068 -109.3195566 6,415 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381700109190801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381707109175501 (D-29-24)17aax- 1 38.2852653 -109.2992785 6,600 NR 2,190 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381707109175501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381721109163301 (D-29-24) 9ddd- 1 38.28915437 -109.2765003 6,660 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381721109163301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381735109155001 (D-29-24)10cda- 1 38.29304335 -109.2645558 6,730 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381735109155001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381745109154401 (D-29-24)10acc- 1 38.29582112 -109.2628891 6,765 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381745109154401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381747109155001 (D-29-24)10caa- 1 38.29637666 -109.2645558 6,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381747109155001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381800109153001 (D-29-24)10aab- 1 38.2999878 -109.2590002 6,820 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381800109153001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381806109185801 (D-29-24) 7aba- 1 38.3016539 -109.316779 6,570 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381806109185801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381807109161501 (D-29-24)10bba- 1 38.30193211 -109.2715005 6,770 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381807109161501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381820109435501* (D-29-20) 4cba- 1 38.30554192 -109.7326192 4,585 NR 5,076 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381820109435501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381829109173701 (D-29-24) 5daa- 1 38.30804296 -109.2942787 6,650 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381829109173701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381830109240801* (D-29-23) 4cba- 1 38.30831968 -109.4028916 5,920 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381830109240801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381842109241001 (D-29-23) 4bca- 1 38.31165298 -109.4034472 5,940 NR N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381842109241001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381852109184601 (D-29-24) 6aad- 1 38.31443162 -109.3134458 6,520 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381852109184601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381857109182101 (D-29-24) 5bab- 1 38.31582056 -109.3065013 6,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381857109182101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381900109254201* (D-28-23)31dcc- 1 38.31665268 -109.4290032 5,800 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381900109254201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381906109170401 (D-28-24)33cdc- 1 38.31832076 -109.2851121 6,780 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381906109170401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 381935109254501* (D-28-23)31acb- 1 38.3263748 -109.4298367 5,880 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381935109254501&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    43 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 381938109254701* (D-28-23)31abc- 1 38.32720812 -109.4303922 5,880 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=381938109254701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382041109254601 (D-28-23)19dcc- 1 38.34470796 -109.4301146 5,580 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382041109254601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382055109355501* (D-28-21)22cac- 1 38.34859636 -109.5992836 5,998 NR 8,518 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382055109355501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382138109250001 (D-28-23)17cdb- 1 38.36054128 -109.4173367 5,749 NR 8,450 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382138109250001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382140109515601 (D-28-19)18dca- 1 38.3610956 -109.8662333 6,264 NR 7,193 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382140109515601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382230109285601* (D-28-22)10ddb- 1 38.37498487 -109.4828932 5,211 NR 7,853 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382230109285601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382321109270201 (D-28-22) 1cdb- 1 38.38915174 -109.4512262 5,120 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382321109270201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382321109373701* (D-28-21) 5dcd- 1 38.38915142 -109.6276172 5,600 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382321109373701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382343109265301 (D-28-22) 1caa- 1 38.39526282 -109.4487263 5,110 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382343109265301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382350109214201 (D-28-23) 2bcd- 1 38.39720823 -109.3623365 6,850 NR 10,516 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382350109214201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382618109213201 (D-27-23)23caa- 1 38.43831903 -109.3595591 6,080 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382618109213201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382621109214001 (D-27-23)23cab- 1 38.43915233 -109.3617814 6,040 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382621109214001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382655109310001* (D-27-22)17ddb- 1 38.44859498 -109.5173382 5,290 NR 7,874 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382655109310001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382757109235601 (D-27-23) 9cac- 1 38.46581829 -109.3995597 5,280 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382757109235601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382814108554401 NB04900931BBB 38.4705437 -108.9295496 5,892 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382814108554401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382829109550701 (D-27-18)10aaa- 1 38.47470484 -109.9192893 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382829109550701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382829109565401 (D-27-18) 9bab- 1 38.47470469 -109.9490124 4,170 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382829109565401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382834109270701 (D-27-22) 1cdd- 1 38.47609529 -109.4526157 4,920 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382834109270701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382840109274300 (D-27-22) 2dbd- 1 38.47776182 -109.4626157 4,940 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382840109274300&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382840109355001* (D-27-21) 3cdc- 1 38.47776128 -109.5978945 4,300 NR 6,354 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382840109355001&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

44    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 382910109270701 (D-27-22) 1bda- 1 38.48609519 -109.4526157 4,880 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382910109270701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382918109272001 (D-27-22) 1bbd- 1 38.48831735 -109.4562269 4,840 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382918109272001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382921109265801 (D-27-22) 1abb- 1 38.48915075 -109.4501157 4,860 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382921109265801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382924109273301 (D-27-22) 1bbb- 1 38.48998395 -109.459838 4,820 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382924109273301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382948109280601 (D-26-22)35dbb- 1 38.49665043 -109.4690047 4,760 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382948109280601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382951109273501 (D-26-22)35daa- 3 38.49748387 -109.4603936 4,755 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382951109273501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382952109252701 (D-27-23) 6dad- 1 38.49776211 -109.4248379 5,060 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382952109252701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382952109280101 (D-26-22)35bdd- 1 38.49776154 -109.4676158 4,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382952109280101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382953109274801 (D-26-22)35acd- 1 38.49803937 -109.4640047 4,760 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382953109274801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382953109274802 (D-26-22)35acd- 2 38.49803937 -109.4640047 4,760 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382953109274802&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382954109274201 (D-26-22)35adc- 1 38.49831716 -109.462338 4,760 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382954109274201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382955109280401 (D-26-22)35bdd- 2 38.49859486 -109.4684492 4,740 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382955109280401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382956109273401 (D-26-22)35daa- 1 38.49887274 -109.4601158 4,780 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382956109273401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 382957109281501 (D-26-22)35bdd- 3 38.49915037 -109.4715048 4,740 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=382957109281501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383001109273401 (D-26-22)35ada- 1 38.50026162 -109.4601158 4,740 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383001109273401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383001109281501 (D-26-22)35bdb- 1 38.50026147 -109.4715048 4,740 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383001109281501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383005109280901 (D-26-22)35bda- 1 38.50137259 -109.4698381 4,720 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383005109280901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383006109275201 (D-26-22)35abd- 1 38.50165043 -109.4651159 4,730 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383006109275201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383006109275401 (D-26-22)35abd- 2 38.50165042 -109.4656714 4,730 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383006109275401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383010109281901 (D-26-22)35bac- 1 38.50276144 -109.4717826 4,710 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383010109281901&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    45 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383014109281801 (D-26-22)35bab- 1 38.50387253 -109.4723381 4,710 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383014109281801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383022109283801 (D-26-22)26ccc- 1 38.50609465 -109.4778937 4,700 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383022109283801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383028109335201* (D-26-22)26ddb- 3 38.5077609 -109.5651165 4,740 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383028109335201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383030109274901 (D-26-22)26ddb- 1 38.50831704 -109.4642826 4,720 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383030109274901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383031109275101 (D-26-22)26dca- 1 38.50859481 -109.4648382 4,720 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383031109275101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383032109274001 (D-26-22)26dda- 1 38.50887262 -109.4617826 4,740 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383032109274001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383032109274500 (D-26-22)26ddb- 2 38.5088726 -109.4631715 4,740 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383032109274500&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383032109274901 (D-26-22)26dbd- 1 38.50887259 -109.4642826 4,710 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383032109274901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383032109283100 (D-26-22)26cbc- 1 38.50887243 -109.4759493 4,680 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383032109283100&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383034109280501 (D-26-22)26dbc- 1 38.50998364 -109.467616 4,700 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383034109280501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383036109281001 (D-26-22)26baa- 1 38.50998361 -109.470116 4,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383036109281001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383043109282401 (D-26-22)26cba- 1 38.51241667 -109.4739722 4,650 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383043109282401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383047109275201 (D-26-22)26acd- 1 38.5130392 -109.465116 4,740 NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383047109275201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383049109285201 (D-26-22)27adc- 1 38.51359452 -109.4817827 4,630 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383049109285201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383052109285701 (D-26-22)28adb- 1 38.51442783 -109.4831716 4,635 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383052109285701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383104109284701 (D-26-22)27aad- 1 38.51776116 -109.4803939 4,605 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383104109284701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383109109285501 (D-26-22)27aaa- 1 38.51915001 -109.4826161 4,610 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383109109285501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383111109300901 (D-26-22)16cdb- 1 38.5197053 -109.5031718 4,450 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383111109300901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383113109281201 (D-26-22)23cdd- 1 38.52081681 -109.4717828 4,680 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383113109281201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383113109285301 (D-26-22)22ddc- 1 38.52026113 -109.4812272 4,590 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383113109285301&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

46    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383115109295701 (D-26-22)21ddc- 1 38.52081641 -109.4998384 4,650 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383115109295701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383116109290101 (D-26-22)22dcd- 1 38.52109441 -109.4842828 4,580 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383116109290101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383117109294001 (D-26-22)22ccc- 2 38.52137203 -109.4951162 4,620 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383117109294001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383117109294601 (D-26-22)22ccc- 1 38.52137201 -109.4967829 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383117109294601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383117109295501 (D-26-22)21ddc- 2 38.52137197 -109.4992829 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383117109295501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383118109283301 (D-26-22)23ccb- 2 38.52165007 -109.476505 4,560 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383118109283301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383118109283701 (D-26-22)23ccc- 1 38.52165005 -109.4776161 4,610 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383118109283701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383118109293701 (D-26-22)22bca- 1 38.52164982 -109.4942829 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383118109293701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383119109290701 (D-26-22)22dcb- 1 38.52192771 -109.4859495 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383119109290701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383123109295702 (D-26-22)21dda- 1 38.52303861 -109.4998385 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383123109295702&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383124109301601 (D-26-22)20dac- 1 38.52331636 -109.5051163 4,680 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383124109301601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383124109303501 (D-26-22)20dbd- 1 38.52331635 -109.5103941 4,840 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383124109303501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383125109292201 (D-26-22)22cad- 1 38.5235943 -109.4901162 4,570 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383125109292201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383127109290401 (D-26-22)22dbd- 1 38.52414992 -109.4851162 4,570 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383127109290401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383129109284001 (D-26-22)22dad- 1 38.52470556 -109.4784495 4,600 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383129109284001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383129109293401 (D-26-22)22cbd- 1 38.52470535 -109.4934496 4,570 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383129109293401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383130109293201 (D-26-22)22cbd- 2 38.52498313 -109.492894 4,555 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383130109293201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383132109293301 (D-26-22)22cba- 2 38.52553868 -109.4931718 4,510 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383132109293301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383132109294901 (D-26-22)21daa- 1 38.52553861 -109.4976163 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383132109294901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383132109294902 (D-26-22)21daa- 3 38.52553861 -109.4976163 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383132109294902&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    47 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383133109293901 (D-26-22)22cab- 1 38.52581643 -109.4948385 4,600 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383133109293901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383133109294201 (D-26-22)22cbb- 1 38.52581642 -109.4956718 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383133109294201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383134109293501 (D-26-22)22cba- 1 38.52609422 -109.4937274 4,550 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383134109293501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383134109295401 (D-26-22)21daa- 4 38.52609414 -109.4990052 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383134109295401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383134109295701 (D-26-22)21dba- 1 38.52609413 -109.4998385 4,570 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383134109295701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383134109295702 (D-26-22)21dba- 2 38.52609413 -109.4998385 4,570 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383134109295702&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383134109301501 (D-26-22)21cbb- 1 38.52609411 -109.5048385 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383134109301501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383135109295001 (D-26-22)21daa- 2 38.52637193 -109.4978941 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383135109295001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383135109302701 (D-26-22)20daa- 1 38.52637188 -109.5081719 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383135109302701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383135109370101* (D-25-23)20add- 1 38.52637161 -109.6176171 5,040 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383135109370101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383136108584001 Salt Cr above unnamed spring nr Sinbad Valley, CO 38.52665406 -108.9784406 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383136108584001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383136109304601 (D-26-22)20acb- 1 38.52664964 -109.5134497 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383136109304601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383139109303301 (D-26-22)20adc- 1 38.52748297 -109.5098386 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383139109303301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383140109295401 (D-26-22)21acd- 1 38.52776079 -109.4990052 4,540 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383140109295401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383141109303801 (D-26-22)20dba- 1 38.52803852 -109.5112275 4,610 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383141109303801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383143109294501 (D-26-22)22bcc- 2 38.52859415 -109.4965052 4,490 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383143109294501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383143109304101 (D-26-22)20acd- 3 38.52859406 -109.5120608 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383143109304101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383145109295201 (D-26-22)21adb- 2 38.52914967 -109.4984496 4,510 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383145109295201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383145109300101 (D-26-22)21acb- 1 38.52914964 -109.5009497 4,530 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383145109300101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383146109285401 (D-26-22)22adb- 1 38.52942768 -109.4823384 4,561 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383146109285401&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

48    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383146109301201 (D-26-22)21bbb- 3 38.52942741 -109.5040052 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383146109301201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383147109301401 (D-26-22)21acb- 2 38.52970518 -109.5045608 4,540 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383147109301401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383147109304201 (D-26-22)20acd- 2 38.52970516 -109.5123386 4,590 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383147109304201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383148109291001 (D-26-22)22acb- 1 38.52998316 -109.4867829 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383148109291001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383148109291100 (D-26-22)22acb- 2 38.52998316 -109.4870607 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383148109291100&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383148109295501 (D-26-22)21aca- 1 38.52998299 -109.499283 4,510 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383148109295501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383148109303701 (D-26-22)20acd- 1 38.52998294 -109.5109497 4,580 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383148109303701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383149109290801 (D-26-22)22abc- 1 38.53053868 -109.4890052 4,520 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383149109290801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383149109295301 (D-26-22)21adb- 1 38.53026077 -109.4987274 4,510 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383149109295301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383150109295601 (D-26-22)21aca- 2 38.53053853 -109.4995608 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383150109295601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383152109295801 (D-26-22)21aac- 2 38.53109407 -109.5001163 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383152109295801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383153109300501 (D-26-22)21bad- 1 38.53137183 -109.5020608 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383153109300501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383153109300701 (D-26-22)21abd- 2 38.53137183 -109.5026164 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383153109300701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383154109302601 (D-26-22)20ada- 3 38.53164959 -109.5078942 4,540 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383154109302601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383154109302801 (D-26-22)20ada- 1 38.53164959 -109.5084497 4,550 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383154109302801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383155109284801 (D-26-22)22aac- 1 38.53192768 -109.4806718 4,570 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383155109284801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383155109301801 (D-26-22)21bbc- 1 38.53192737 -109.5056719 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383155109301801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383156109294301 (D-26-22)22bbc- 1 38.53220523 -109.4959497 4,490 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383156109294301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383157109295301 (D-26-22)21ada- 1 38.53248297 -109.4987275 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383157109295301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383157109301101 (D-26-22)21bbb- 2 38.53248293 -109.5037275 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383157109301101&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    49 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383158109194301 (D-22-23)25bac- 1 38.53276319 -109.3292821 4,220 NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383158109194301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383158109282401 (D-26-22)23bba- 1 38.5327611 -109.4740051 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383158109282401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383158109290101 (D-26-22)20aba- 2 38.53276095 -109.4842829 4,565 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383158109290101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383158109300301 (D-26-22)21baa- 1 38.53276071 -109.5015053 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383158109300301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383158109302901 (D-26-22)20aab- 1 38.53276069 -109.5087275 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383158109302901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383159109300501 (D-26-22)21aba- 1 38.53303848 -109.5020608 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383159109300501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383159109300801 (D-26-22)21bab- 1 38.53303848 -109.5028942 4,490 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383159109300801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383201109295301 (D-26-22)16ddd- 3 -109.4996389 4,480 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383201109295301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383201109300301 (D-26-22)21baa- 2 38.53359403 -109.5015053 4,480 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383201109300301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383202109285101 (D-26-22)22aab- 1 38.53387209 -109.4815052 4,580 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383202109285101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383203109284201 (D-26-22)22daa- 1 38.5341499 -109.4790051 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383203109284201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383203109285001 (D-26-22)22aab- 2 38.53414987 -109.4812274 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383203109285001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383203109301501 (D-26-22)21bbb- 1 38.53414957 -109.5048386 4,470 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383203109301501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383204109294901 (D-26-22)16ddd- 1 38.5344274 -109.4976164 4,470 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383204109294901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383205109291901 (D-26-22)15cdd- 1 38.5347053 -109.489283 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383205109291901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383206109300901 (D-26-22)16cdc- 1 38.5349829 -109.503172 4,470 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383206109300901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383206109301801 (D-26-22)16ccc- 1 38.53498289 -109.505672 4,450 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383206109301801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383206109303501 (D-26-22)20aaa- 1 38.53498288 -109.5103942 4,482 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383206109303501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383209109285401 (D-26-22)15ddc- 1 38.5358165 -109.4823385 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383209109285401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383209109292401 (D-26-22)15bdb- 1 38.53581638 -109.4906719 4,620 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383209109292401&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

50    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383209109300501 (D-26-22)16ccd- 1 38.53581623 -109.5020608 4,460 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383209109300501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383209109300801 (D-26-22)16bdb- 1 38.53581623 -109.5028942 4,360 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383209109300801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383212109301001 (D-26-22)16ccb- 2 38.53664955 -109.5034498 4,450 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383212109301001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383214109295101 (D-26-22)16dca- 1 38.53720514 -109.498172 4,440 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383214109295101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383215109285701 (D-26-22)15dca- 1 38.53748314 -109.4831719 4,600 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383215109285701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383215109293401 (D-26-22)15cca- 1 38.53748299 -109.4934497 4,480 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383215109293401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383219109283101 (D-26-22)14cdb- 1 38.53859434 -109.4759496 4,780 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383219109283101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383223109284701 (D-26-22)15dab- 2 38.53998313 -109.481783 4,655 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383223109284701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383223109291501 (D-26-22)15cad- 1 38.53970526 -109.4881719 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383223109291501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383223109304701 (D-26-22)17dbc- 1 38.53970504 -109.5137276 4,450 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383223109304701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383224109284701 (D-26-22)15daa- 2 38.53998315 -109.4803941 4,660 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383224109284701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383224109290501 (D-26-22)15dab- 1 38.53998308 -109.4853941 4,680 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383224109290501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383224109291601 (D-26-22)15caa- 2 38.53998303 -109.4884497 4,580 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383224109291601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383225109295401 (D-26-22)16dab- 1 38.54026065 -109.4990053 4,440 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383225109295401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383226109310001 (D-26-22)17cad- 2 38.54053835 -109.5173388 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383226109310001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383227109283001 (D-26-22)14cba- 1 38.54081654 -109.4756719 4,820 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383227109283001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383227109291801 (D-26-22)15caa- 1 38.54081635 -109.4890053 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383227109291801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383228109284101 (D-26-22)15daa- 1 38.54109427 -109.4787274 4,800 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383228109284101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383228109294401 (D-26-22)15cbb- 1 38.54109402 -109.4962275 4,480 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383228109294401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383230109300101 (D-26-22)16acc- 1 38.5416495 -109.5009498 4,400 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383230109300101&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    51 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383231109295001 (D-26-22)16add- 3 38.54192732 -109.4978942 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383231109295001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383231109295701 (D-26-22)16acd- 1 38.54192729 -109.4998387 4,450 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383231109295701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383232109294401 (D-26-22)15bcc- 1 38.54220512 -109.4962276 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383232109294401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383232109294701 (D-26-22)16add- 1 38.5422051 -109.4970609 4,500 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383232109294701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383232109310901 (D-26-22)17cab- 1 38.54220499 -109.5198388 4,420 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383232109310901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383233109295200 (D-26-22)16add- 2 38.54248286 -109.4984498 4,460 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383233109295200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383235109290701 (D-26-22)15acc- 1 38.54303859 -109.4859497 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383235109290701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383235109294101 (D-26-22)15bcc- 2 38.54303845 -109.4953942 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383235109294101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383235109305001 (D-26-22)17dbb- 2 38.54303833 -109.5142832 4,422 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383235109305001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383235109311401 (D-26-22)17dba- 1 38.54303831 -109.5212277 4,400 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383235109311401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383237109291400 (D-26-22)15bda- 1 38.54359411 -109.4878942 4,630 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383237109291400&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383237109303201 (D-26-22)17adc- 1 38.54359389 -109.509561 4,380 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383237109303201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383237109305601 (D-26-22)17bdd- 1 38.54359387 -109.5162277 4,390 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383237109305601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383238109294901 (D-26-22)16ada- 1 38.54387174 -109.4976165 4,500 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383238109294901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383238109302501 (D-26-22)17add- 1 38.54387167 -109.5076165 4,360 NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383238109302501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383238109303401 (D-26-22)17adc- 2 38.54387167 -109.5101166 4,380 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383238109303401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383239109303901 (D-26-22)17acd- 1 38.54414944 -109.5115055 4,380 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383239109303901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383240109302401 (D-26-22)17aad- 2 38.54442722 -109.5073388 4,360 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383240109302401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383241109290901 (D-26-22)15acb- 1 38.54470523 -109.4865053 4,660 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383241109290901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383242109304701 (D-26-22)17acc- 1 38.54498275 -109.5137277 4,380 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383242109304701&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

52    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383244109302201 (D-26-22)17ada- 3 38.54553832 -109.5067832 4,310 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383244109302201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383244109304901 (D-26-22)17acb- 1 38.5455383 -109.5142833 4,370 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383244109304901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383245109302401 (D-26-22)17ada- 2 38.5458161 -109.5073388 4,310 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383245109302401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383248109302801 (D-26-22)17adb- 1 38.54664942 -109.5084499 4,320 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383248109302801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383249109302501 (D-26-22)17ada- 1 38.54692719 -109.5076166 4,340 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383249109302501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383249109302901 (D-26-22)17aac- 4 38.54692719 -109.5087277 4,340 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383249109302901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383250109302501 (D-26-22)17aad- 1 38.54720497 -109.5076166 4,340 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383250109302501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383251109303001 (D-26-22)17aac- 2 38.54748274 -109.5090055 4,310 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383251109303001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383252109314801 (D-26-22)18abd- 1 38.54776044 -109.5306723 4,400 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383252109314801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383253109303201 (D-26-22)17aac- 1 38.54803829 -109.509561 4,420 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383253109303201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383253109304701 (D-26-22)17abc- 1 38.54803827 -109.5137277 4,300 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383253109304701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383253109310801 (D-26-22)17bac- 1 38.54803825 -109.5195611 4,330 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383253109310801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383254109294101 (D-26-22)15bbb- 1 38.54831617 -109.4953943 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383254109294101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383254109303601 (D-26-22)17aac- 3 38.54831606 -109.5106722 4,310 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383254109303601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383256109304101 (D-26-22)17aba- 2 38.5488716 -109.5120611 4,300 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383256109304101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383258109300001 (D-26-22) 9ddc- 1 38.54942719 -109.5006721 4,600 NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383258109300001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383258109303701 (D-26-22)17aba- 1 38.54942715 -109.51095 4,320 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383258109303701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383258109303801 (D-26-22)17aba- 3 38.54942715 -109.5112277 4,310 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383258109303801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383259109303001 (D-26-22)17aab- 1 38.54970493 -109.5090055 4,400 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383259109303001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383259109304601 (D-26-22)17abb- 1 38.54970492 -109.51345 4,290 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383259109304601&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    53 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383300109302301 (D-26-22)17aaa- 2 38.54998272 -109.507061 4,460 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383300109302301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383301109353001* (D-26-21)10cdc- 1 38.55026018 -109.5923395 3,960 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383301109353001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383302109310101 (D-26-22) 8cdc- 3 38.55053823 -109.5176167 4,260 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383302109310101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383304109305101 (D-26-22) 8cdd- 2 38.55109379 -109.5148389 4,260 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383304109305101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383305109311801 (D-26-22) 8ccd- 1 38.55137153 -109.522339 4,240 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383305109311801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383305109314701 (D-26-22) 7dcd- 1 38.5513715 -109.5303946 4,275 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383305109314701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383308109203801 (D-26-23)12ccb- 1 38.5522073 -109.3445601 4,460 1,100 1,100 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383308109203801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383309109230601 (D-26-23)10ccb- 2 38.55248445 -109.3856714 6,880 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383309109230601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383309109302601 (D-26-22) 8dda- 2 38.55248268 -109.5078944 4,440 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383309109302601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383309109310201 (D-26-22) 8cdc- 1 38.55248265 -109.5178945 4,250 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383309109310201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383309109313001 (D-26-22) 7dda- 1 38.55248262 -109.5256723 4,230 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383309109313001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383310109305201 (D-26-22) 8dcb- 1 38.55276043 -109.5151167 4,280 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383310109305201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383311109310001 (D-26-22) 8cca- 1 38.5530382 -109.5173389 4,220 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383311109310001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383312109313100 (D-26-22) 7ddb- 3 38.55331593 -109.5278946 4,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383312109313100&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383312109313601 (D-26-22) 7ddb- 1 38.55331593 -109.527339 4,210 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383312109313601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383313109332101 (D-26-21) 1cbb- 1 38.55359359 -109.5565059 4,020 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383313109332101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383314109312200 (D-26-22) 8ccc- 1 38.5538715 -109.5234501 4,235 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383314109312200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383315109312201 (D-26-22) 8cbc- 4 38.55414927 -109.5234501 4,210 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383315109312201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383315109312301 (D-26-22) 8cbc- 2 38.55414927 -109.5237279 4,210 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383315109312301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383315109312302 (D-26-22) 8cbc- 3 38.55414927 -109.5237279 4,210 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383315109312302&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

54    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383315109315601 (D-26-22) 7dbc- 4 38.55414923 -109.5328946 4,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383315109315601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383315109320401 (D-26-22) 7cad- 1 38.55414923 -109.5351169 4,200 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383315109320401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383315109320801 (D-26-22) 7cac- 1 38.55414922 -109.536228 4,215 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383315109320801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383316109302101 (D-26-22) 8dda- 1 38.55442711 -109.5065055 4,460 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383316109302101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383316109314001 (D-26-22) 7dbd- 2 38.55442703 -109.5284502 4,195 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383316109314001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383316109314901 (D-26-22) 7dbd- 1 38.55442702 -109.5309502 4,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383316109314901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383316109315301 (D-26-22) 7dbc- 3 38.55442701 -109.5320613 4,200 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383316109315301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383317109322801 (D-26-22) 8cbc- 1 38.55470475 -109.5417836 4,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383317109322801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383317109330401 (D-26-21) 1dbb- 2 38.55470471 -109.5517837 4,000 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383317109330401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383319109315301 (D-26-22) 7dbc- 1 38.55526033 -109.5320613 4,175 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383319109315301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383319109315801 (D-26-22) 7dbc- 2 38.55526033 -109.5334502 4,175 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383319109315801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383319109323101 (D-26-22) 7cbc- 1 38.55526029 -109.5426169 4,180 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383319109323101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383321109203901 (D-26-23)12cca- 1 38.55581838 -109.3448379 7,460 1,100 1,100 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383321109203901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383322109311201 (D-26-22) 8cba- 2 38.5560937 -109.5206723 4,240 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383322109311201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383323109310901 (D-26-22) 8cba- 1 38.55637148 -109.519839 4,240 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383323109310901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383323109321501 (D-26-22) 7cab- 1 38.55637141 -109.5381725 4,160 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383323109321501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383325109302001 (D-26-22) 8daa- 1 38.55692708 -109.5062278 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383325109302001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383326109304401 (D-26-22) 8dbb- 1 38.55720483 -109.5128945 4,520 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383326109304401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383327109303101 (D-26-22) 8dac- 1 38.55770484 -109.5093389 4,528 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383327109303101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383327109320801 (D-26-22) 7cab- 2 38.55748251 -109.536228 4,160 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383327109320801&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    55 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383327109321201 (D-26-22) 7bdc- 1 38.55748251 -109.5373391 4,140 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383327109321201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383327109324201 (D-26-21)12dab- 1 38.55748247 -109.5456725 4,150 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383327109324201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383329109321501 (D-26-22) 7bdc- 2 38.55803805 -109.5381725 4,125 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383329109321501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383329109322401 (D-26-22) 7bcc- 1 38.55803804 -109.5406725 4,130 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383329109322401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383337109314301 (D-26-22) 7aca- 2 38.56026028 -109.5292836 4,160 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383337109314301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383340109314301 (D-26-22) 7aca- 1 38.5610936 -109.5292836 4,160 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383340109314301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383342109201401 (D-26-23)12aba- 1 38.56165179 -109.3378934 7,690 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383342109201401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383344109310001 (D-26-22) 8bad- 1 38.56220475 -109.517339 4,240 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383344109310001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383344109320601 (D-26-22) 7bad- 1 38.56220467 -109.5356725 4,125 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383344109320601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383346109322201 (D-26-22) 7bbd- 1 38.5627602 -109.540117 4,110 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383346109322201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383355109321601 (D-26-22) 6ccd- 1 38.56526018 -109.5384504 4,180 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383355109321601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383357109324501 (D-26-21) 1ddc- 1 38.56581569 -109.546506 4,030 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383357109324501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383357109330501 (D-26-21) 1dcc- 2 38.56581566 -109.5520616 4,045 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383357109330501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383403109330301 (D-26-21) 1dbb- 3 38.57130556 -109.5518889 4,025 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383403109330301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383405109324201 (D-26-21) 1ddb- 1 38.56803788 -109.5456727 4,060 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383405109324201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383409109323001 (D-26-22) 6cbc- 2 38.569149 -109.5423393 4,075 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383409109323001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383410109333801 (D-26-21) 1cbc- 1 38.56942668 -109.5612284 4,035 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383410109333801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383412109322901 (D-26-22) 6cbc- 1 38.56998232 -109.5420616 4,080 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383412109322901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383415109324701 (D-26-21) 1dba- 1 38.57081562 -109.5470616 3,990 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383415109324701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383415109324702 (D-26-21) 1dab- 2 38.57081562 -109.5470616 3,990 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383415109324702&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

56    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383415109324703 (D-26-21) 1dab- 1 38.57081562 -109.5470616 3,990 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383415109324703&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383416109322801 (D-26-22) 6cbb- 1 38.57109342 -109.5417838 4,080 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383416109322801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383416109323001 (D-26-22) 6cba- 1 38.57109341 -109.5423393 4,090 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383416109323001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383417109325101 (D-26-21) 1dbb- 1 38.57137116 -109.5481727 4,035 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383417109325101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383418109322501 (D-26-22) 6cbb- 3 38.57164897 -109.5409505 4,100 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383418109322501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383419109322701 (D-26-22) 6cbb- 2 38.57192674 -109.541506 4,090 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383419109322701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383419109325101 (D-26-21) 1dba- 3 38.57192671 -109.5481727 4,050 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383419109325101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383420109321901 (D-26-22) 6cba- 2 38.57220453 -109.5392838 4,110 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383420109321901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383423109330501 (D-26-21) 1caa- 1 38.57063889 -109.5512778 4,025 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383423109330501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383427109325001 (D-26-21) 1aca- 1 38.5741489 -109.547895 4,030 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383427109325001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383427109330901 (D-26-21) 1bda- 2 38.57414888 -109.5531728 4,005 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383427109330901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383431109323701 (D-26-21) 1ada- 1 38.57526002 -109.5442839 4,070 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383431109323701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383433109331801 (D-26-21) 1bac- 1 38.57581551 -109.5556729 3,990 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383433109331801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383434109331001 (D-26-21) 1bad- 1 38.57609329 -109.5534506 3,995 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383434109331001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383435109332201 (D-26-21) 1bbd- 1 38.57637105 -109.556784 3,935 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383435109332201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383436109323201 (D-26-21) 1aad- 1 38.57664889 -109.542895 4,160 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383436109323201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383436109325501 (D-26-21) 1abd- 1 38.57664886 -109.5492839 4,030 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383436109325501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383436109331501 (D-26-21) 1bac- 2 38.57664883 -109.5548395 4,005 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383436109331501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383439109273001 (D-26-22) 1bbb- 1 38.5774831 -109.4590055 5,160 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383439109273001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383442109322601 (D-26-22) 6bbb- 1 38.57831555 -109.5412283 4,320 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383442109322601&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    57 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383444109333201 (D-26-21) 1bbb- 1 38.578871 -109.5595618 3,980 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383444109333201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383445109332101 (D-26-21) 1bab- 1 38.57914879 -109.5565062 3,990 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383445109332101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383445109333601 (D-26-21) 1bbb- 2 38.57914877 -109.5606729 3,980 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383445109333601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383446109343201 (D-25-21)35ccd- 1 38.57942646 -109.5762286 3,960 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383446109343201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383448109325001 (D-26-21) 1dba- 2 38.57998215 -109.5478951 4,030 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383448109325001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383449109330001 (D-25-21)36dcc- 1 38.58025991 -109.5506729 4,035 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383449109330001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383452109331301 (D-25-21)36cdc- 1 38.58109322 -109.554284 3,990 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383452109331301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383456109331201 (D-25-21)36cda- 1 38.58220431 -109.5540062 4,000 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383456109331201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383457109335601 (D-25-21)35dca- 3 38.58248202 -109.5662286 3,920 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383457109335601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383459109332701 (D-25-21)36cbd- 1 38.58303761 -109.558173 3,985 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383459109332701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383500109331101 (D-25-21)36cac- 1 38.58331541 -109.5537285 3,995 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383500109331101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383501109440501* (D-25-20)32dbc- 1 38.5835922 -109.7353967 5,240 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383501109440501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383502109333301 (D-25-21)36cbc- 1 38.58387092 -109.5598397 4,000 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383502109333301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383504109335501 (D-25-21)35dac- 1 38.58442644 -109.5659508 3,960 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383504109335501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383508109400400* (D-25-21)36cba- 1 38.58553697 -109.6684517 4,800 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383508109400400&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383510109333901 (D-25-21)35daa- 1 38.58609311 -109.5615064 3,980 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383510109333901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383510109335601 (D-25-21)35dab- 1 38.58611111 -109.5655556 3,980 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383510109335601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383525109353801 (D-25-21)35bbd- 1 38.59025952 -109.5945622 3,965 NR 5,345 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383525109353801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383532109343901 (D-25-21)35bbb- 1 38.59220403 -109.5781732 3,955 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383532109343901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383536109405600* (D-25-21)35baa- 1 38.5933145 -109.6828964 4,880 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383536109405600&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

58    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383539109340901 (D-25-21)26dcc- 1 38.5941485 -109.5698399 3,920 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383539109340901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383542109143001 (D-25-24)26ccd- 1 38.59498637 -109.2423372 8,080 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383542109143001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383543109184001 (D-25-24)30cda- 1 38.59526314 -109.3117823 6,120 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383543109184001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383547109345201 (D-25-22)27dda- 1 38.59637061 -109.5817844 3,950 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383547109345201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383607109355201 (D-25-21)28add- 1 38.60192597 -109.5984513 3,990 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383607109355201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383609109190901 (D-25-23)25adc- 1 38.60248519 -109.3198379 5,920 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383609109190901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383611108591301 NB05001016ADB 38.6030415 -108.9876084 5,465 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383611108591301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383613109360801 (D-25-21)28adb- 1 38.60359258 -109.6028958 4,060 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383613109360801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383651109595201 R(D-27-17)12abd- 1 38.47220446 -109.9984583 4,000 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383651109595201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383652110034001 (D-25-17)20daa- 1 38.61442398 -110.0617946 4,611 7,225 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383652110034001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383655109364001 (D-25-21)21bdc- 1 38.61525899 -109.6117849 4,080 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383655109364001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383655109425501* (D-25-20)21dbb- 1 38.61525825 -109.7159526 5,080 NR NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383655109425501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383656109493301* (D-25-19)21db 38.61553557 -109.8265104 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383656109493301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383658109360601 (D-25-21)28dab- 1 38.61609238 -109.6023404 4,080 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383658109360601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383701109370001 (D-25-21)20add- 2 38.61692559 -109.6173406 4,120 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383701109370001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383701109434301* (D-25-21)20add- 1 38.61692479 -109.729286 4,120 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383701109434301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383704109232901 (D-25-23)20adb- 1 38.61776164 -109.3920608 5,020 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383704109232901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383720109294700 (D-26-22)21bba- 1 38.62220421 -109.4970618 5,300 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383720109294700&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383752109234001 (D-25-23)20aba- 1 38.63109482 -109.3951165 4,920 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383752109234001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383815109250501 (D-25-23)18baa- 1 38.63748323 -109.4187279 4,800 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383815109250501&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    59 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 383818109233801 (D-25-23) 8dcd- 1 38.638317 -109.394561 4,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383818109233801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383818109233802 (D-25-23) 8dcd- 2 38.638317 -109.394561 4,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383818109233802&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383826109242701 (D-25-23) 8adb- 1 38.64053895 -109.4081723 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383826109242701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383827109242701 (D-25-23) 7dda- 2 38.64081673 -109.4081723 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383827109242701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383827109242801 (D-25-23) 7dda- 3 38.64081672 -109.40845 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383827109242801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383828109232501 (D-25-23) 8dda- 1 38.64109482 -109.3909499 4,770 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383828109232501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383828109242601 (D-25-23) 7dda- 1 38.64109451 -109.4078945 4,640 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383828109242601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383829109310801 (D-25-22) 7dad- 1 38.64137044 -109.5195622 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383829109310801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383842109235401 (D-25-23) 8bdc- 1 38.64498353 -109.3990055 4,660 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383842109235401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383852109232901 (D-25-23) 8adb- 2 38.64776141 -109.3920611 4,750 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383852109232901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383855109253701 (D-25-22)12add- 1 38.64859409 -109.427617 4,600 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383855109253701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383856109253901 (D-25-22)12aad- 1 38.64887185 -109.4281725 4,600 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383856109253901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383902109254401 (D-25-22)12aab- 1 38.65053848 -109.4295614 4,560 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383902109254401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 383912109190001 (D-25-23) 1ddd- 1 38.65331832 -109.3173382 5,180 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=383912109190001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384014109292200* (D-26-22)22cdc- 1 38.67053714 -109.4901178 4,595 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384014109292200&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384025108580001 4 38.67359578 -108.9673306 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384025108580001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384026108575701 NB05101922ADB 38.67387355 -108.9664972 4,595 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384026108575701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384026108584701 NB05101922BCB 38.67387355 -108.9803866 4,720 NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384026108584701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384040108583501 2 38.67776237 -108.9770532 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384040108583501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384046109412601* (D-24-20)34daa- 1 38.67942373 -109.6912311 4,540 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384046109412601&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

60    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 384055108583101 No information in the station header file dup 1 38.68192896 -108.975942 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384055108583101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384055108583201 3 38.68192896 -108.9762199 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384055108583201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384055109421701* (D-24-20)23cda- 1 38.68192353 -109.7053979 4,400 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384055109421701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384112109462201* (D-24-19)36bba- 1 38.68664511 -109.7734546 4,880 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384112109462201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384137109525101 (D-24-18)25dba- 1 38.6935892 -109.8815129 5,300 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384137109525101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384149109400901* (D-24-20)25bca- 1 38.69690278 -109.6692917 4,351 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384149109400901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384149109400902* (D-24-20)25bca- 2 38.69690278 -109.6692917 4,351 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384149109400902&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384205109221001 (D-24-23)22cbb- 1 38.70137256 -109.3701167 4,200 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384205109221001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384211109452401* (D-24-20)19ccd- 1 38.70303363 -109.7573433 4,880 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384211109452401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384228109454401* (D-24-20)19caa- 1 38.70775573 -109.7628991 4,680 NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384228109454401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384247109355501 (D-25-21)35ddc- 1 38.5794265 -109.5676174 3,920 NR NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384247109355501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384249109420201* (D-24-20)22bad- 1 38.71358955 -109.7012317 4,410 NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384249109420201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384251109420101* (D-24-20)22bac- 2 38.7141451 -109.7009539 4,410 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384251109420101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384441109491401* (D-24-19) 9aba- 1 38.74469922 -109.8212344 4,800 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384441109491401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384447109201701 (D-24-23) 2acd- 1 38.74637294 -109.3387277 4,160 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384447109201701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384531108470501 SC01510301ACC 38.75859449 -108.7853797 6,230 NR Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384531108470501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384632108522501 5 38.77553894 -108.874272 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384632108522501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384654109353601 (D-23-21)27bcd- 1 38.78164515 -109.5940091 5,200 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384654109353601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384750109122701 (D-23-24)13aab- 1 38.79738889 -109.2061667 4,195 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384750109122701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384832110021701* (D-23-17)15cba- 1 38.80886421 -110.0387405 4,280 9,523 2,896 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384832110021701&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    61 [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 384832110035801* (D-23-17)17dbc- 1 38.80886427 -110.0667971 4,280 8,764 8,748 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384832110035801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 384855110034101* (D-23-17)17ada- 1 38.81525301 -110.0620748 4,340 8,876 8,811 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=384855110034101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385033109440101* (D-23-20) 5bcb- 1 38.84247443 -109.7342892 4,464 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385033109440101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385034109435901* (D-23-20) 5bca- 1 38.84275221 -109.7337337 4,464 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385034109435901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385035109441401* (D-23-20) 5bbb- 2 38.8430299 -109.7379004 4,469 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385035109441401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385036109441501* (D-23-20) 5bbb- 1 38.84330767 -109.7381782 4,469 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385036109441501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385037109440901* (D-23-20) 5bbc- 1 38.84358547 -109.7365115 4,466 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385037109440901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385038109440601* (D-23-20) 5bbc- 2 38.84386325 -109.7356782 4,466 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385038109440601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385120109174401 (D-22-24)29cbc- 1 38.85554114 -109.2962271 4,150 Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385120109174401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385123110020101 (D-22-17)34bda- 1 38.85636307 -110.0342963 4,320 10,293 2,896 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385123110020101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385153109232701 (D-22-23)29ada- 1 38.86470461 -109.3915068 4,380 NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385153109232701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385230110064401 (D-22-16)25bbc- 1 38.87497407 -110.1129109 4,120 9,508 2,896 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385230110064401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385554110074701 (D-22-16) 2bbd- 1 38.93163963 -110.1304124 4,067 5,896 2,896 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385554110074701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385616109244701 (D-21-23)31acc- 1 38.93775892 -109.41373 4,445 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385616109244701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385619110080601 (D-21-16)34dda- 1 38.93858397 -110.1356905 4,056 2,627 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385619110080601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385732110002201 (D-21-17)26adc- 1 38.95886044 -110.0067958 4,470 11,895 N Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385732110002201&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385736108454901 046 KROFT 38.95998298 -108.7642671 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385736108454901&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385751108522001 Potholes rec site 38.9641505 -108.8728822 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385751108522001&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385913108451501 047 HUDSON 38.98692729 -108.7548222 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385913108451501&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385913109441801 (D-21-20)17bcc- 1 38.98691446 -109.7390132 5,200 2,896 2,896 Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385913109441801&agency_cd=USGS& Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

62    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area [Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). Abbreviations: Y, yes; N, no; Sp. C., specific conductance; NWIS, National Water Information System; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NR, not reported] Source agency Site number Station Name Latitude, in decimal degrees Longitude, in decimal degrees Land surface altitude, in feet Hole depth, in feet below land surface Well depth, in feet be­ low land surface Waterlevel data? (Y/N) Field pa­ rameters (tempera­ ture, pH, Sp. C.)? (Y/N) Major ions? (Y/N) Trace met­ als? (Y/N) Link to NWIS website USGS 385939108442601 045 FULLER 38.9941494 -108.7412106 NR NR NR N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385939108442601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385947110083301 (D-21-16)10dcb- 1 Wel 38.99644444 -110.1425833 4,060 NR NR Y Y Y N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385947110083301&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385948110083601 (D-21-16)10cda- 1 Wel 38.99661111 -110.1431944 4,060 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385948110083601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385952110084401 (D-21-16)10cdb- 1 Wel 38.99763889 -110.1456389 4,060 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385952110084401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385958110082401 (D-21-16)10dbd- 1 Wel 38.99952778 -110.1399167 4,060 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385958110082401&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 385958110082601 (D-21-16)10dbd- 2 Wel 38.99947222 -110.1404167 4,060 NR Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=385958110082601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390035109204701 (D-21-23) 2bcd- 1 39.00970587 -109.347062 4,542 NR NR Y N N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390035109204701&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390222110083101 (D-20-16)32adc- 1 Wel 39.03958333 -110.1418611 4,060 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390222110083101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390222110084101 (D-20-16)32acd- 1 Wel 39.03955556 -110.1447222 4,060 Y Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390222110084101&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390224110084801 (D-20-16)32acc- 1 Wel 39.03986111 -110.1466667 4,060 Y Y N N http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390224110084801&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390513109060601 (D-20-25)12bab- 1 39.08688889 -109.1018333 4,310 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390513109060601&agency_cd=USGS& USGS 390710109370301 (D-19-21)29dbc- 1 39.11941518 -109.6181823 6,420 NR 4,760 N Y Y Y http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site_ no=390710109370301&agency_cd=USGS& Denotes sites that are loacted in the Moab Master Leasing Plan area. Table 5.  Well sites with water-level and (or) water-quality data as reported in the National Water Information System database, within the study area, Utah and Colorado.— Continued

Groundwater    63 Figure 10.  Mean water-level altitude for wells reported in the National Water Information System database within the study area. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Mean water-level altitude, in feet 2,500 to 4,000 4,001 to 4,500 4,501 to 5,000 5,001 to 5,500 5,501 to 6,000 6,001 to 6,500 6,501 to 8,500 EXPLANATION

64    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 11.  Location of wells within the study area that have long-term water-level records reported in the National Water Information System database. Corresponding hydrographs are shown in figure 12. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Observation well with corresponding hydrograph, color coded by aquifer of completion— Number refers to hydrograph in figure 12 Unconsolidated aquifer Glen Canyon Group aquifer Aquifer of completion unknown EXPLANATION 4,5 4,5

Groundwater    65 Figure 12.  Hydrographs of wells with long-term water-level records within the study area. Depth to groundwater below land surface, in feet Site number: 383423109330501 Well depth: 84 feet Land surface altitude: 4,025 feet Aquifer of completion: Unconsolidated aquifer Site number: 383403109330301 Well depth: 56 feet Land surface altitude: 4,025 feet Aquifer of completion: Unconsolidated aquifer Site number: 384247109355501 Well depth: unknown Land surface altitude: 3,920 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 383539109340901 Well depth: 55 feet Land surface altitude: 3,920 feet Aquifer of completion: Unconsolidated aquifer Site number: 384251109420101 Well depth: 70 feet Land surface altitude: 4,410 feet Aquifer of completion: Unconsolidated aquifer Numbers to the right of the hydrographs correspond to the well numbers in figure 11.

66    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 12.  Hydrographs of wells with long-term water-level records within the study area.—Continued Depth to groundwater below land surface, in feet Site number: 383202109285101 Well depth: 100 feet Land surface altitude: 4,580 feet Aquifer of completion: Glen Canyon Group aquifer Site number: 383133109293901 Well depth: 125 feet Land surface altitude: 4,600 feet Aquifer of completion: Unconsolidated aquifer Site number: 383158109282401 Well depth: 450 feet Land surface altitude: 4,640 feet Aquifer of completion: Glen Canyon Group aquifer Site number: 383109109285501 Well depth: 300 feet Land surface altitude: 4,610 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 383129109284001 Well depth: 110 feet Land surface altitude: 4,600 feet Aquifer of completion: Glen Canyon Group aquifer Numbers to the right of the hydrographs correspond to the well numbers in figure 11.

Groundwater    67 Figure 12.  Hydrographs of wells with long-term water-level records within the study area.—Continued Depth to groundwater below land surface, in feet Site number: 381800109153001 Well depth: 186 feet Land surface altitude: 6,820 feet Aquifer of completion: Unconsolidated aquifer Site number: 381829109173701 Well depth: unknown Land surface altitude: 6,650 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 381806109185801 Well depth: 620 feet Land surface altitude: 6,570 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 383030109274901 Well depth: 210 feet Land surface altitude: 4,720 feet Aquifer of completion: unkown Site number: 383118109283301 Well depth: 110 feet Land surface altitude: 4,560 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Numbers to the right of the hydrographs correspond to the well numbers in figure 11.

68    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 12.  Hydrographs of wells with long-term water-level records within the study area.—Continued Depth to groundwater below land surface, in feet Site number: 381322109235801 Well depth: 133 feet Land surface altitude: 5,670 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 380435109212901 Well depth: 154 feet Land surface altitude: 6,020 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 381502109313101 Well depth: 325 feet Land surface altitude: 6,000 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 381329109240001 Well depth: 178 feet Land surface altitude: 5,690 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Site number: 380425109204201 Well depth: 164 feet Land surface altitude: 5,980 feet Aquifer of completion: unknown Numbers to the right of the hydrographs correspond to the well numbers in figure 11.

Groundwater    69 Potential Recharge Areas Potential recharge areas are determined based on climate, geology, topography, and hydrology. The quantity of recharge depends on several factors, including the amount and timing of precipitation, hydrologic properties of soils and uncon­ solidated deposits, and surface exposures and fracturing of consolidated rocks. Precipitation is the dominant source of recharge to aquifers within the study area. Recharge to con­ solidated-rock aquifers occurs during prolonged wet surface conditions and, therefore, winter precipitation generally deter­ mines the amount of water that will recharge these aquifers (Hood and Patterson, 1984; Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Steiger and Susong, 1997). Winter precipitation within the study area generally is in the form of snow, which melts slowly, extend­ ing the period of runoff and increasing infiltration (Danielson and Hood, 1984; Steiger and Susong, 1997). Danielson and Hood (1984) showed that areas with more than 8 in. of winter (October to April) precipitation likely contribute recharge to aquifers. Hydrologic properties of soils and unconsolidated deposits control how rapidly water infiltrates the surface and recharges underlying aquifers. Generally, sandy soils, which are common throughout the study area, facilitate faster infiltra­ tion rates than clay-rich soils. Areas covered with sandy soils enhance recharge by providing storage where precipitation can quickly infiltrate into underlying aquifers instead of running off into stream channels (Steiger and Susong, 1997). Frac­ tured areas also enhance recharge as the near-surface fractures provide pathways for water to rapidly infiltrate and recharge the aquifer. Datasets of precipitation and soil characteristics were used to determine potential recharge areas within the study area. Average annual winter precipitation was calculated using the 30-year (1971-2000) average monthly precipitation 800-m grids from the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Indepen­ dent Slopes Model (PRISM) climate mapping system (Daly and others, 1994). Soil characteristics were identified using the 1:250,000-scale State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) database (Schwarz and Alexander, 1995). The hydrologic soil characteristics as defined in the STATSGO database (Schwarz and Alexander, 1995) and areas where mean annual winter precipitation is greater than 8 in. are shown in figure 13. The descriptions for the four hydro­ logic soil-characteristic codes from the STATSGO database are as follows (Schwarz and Alexander, 1995): 1. High infiltration rates, deep soils, well-drained to excessively-drained sands and gravels. 2. Moderate infiltration rates, deep to moderately deep, moderately welland well-drained soils with moder­ ately coarse textures. 3. Slow infiltration rates, soils with layers impeding downward movement of water, or soils with moder­ ately fine or fine textures. 4. Very slow infiltration rates, soils are clayey, have a high water table, or are shallow to an impervious layer (includes some areas denoted as pits, rock out­ crops, terrace escarpments, and urban lands that were not previously assigned a hydrologic characteristics code in the original state databases). Recharge is enhanced in areas where winter precipitation is greater than 8 in., including the upland areas of the Abajo and La Sal Mountains, the Uncompahgre Plateau, and the Book Cliffs (fig. 13). Recharge also is likely to be enhanced in areas where the soil-characteristic code is 1 or 2, which denotes high-to-moderate infiltration rates through the soil. These areas are mainly in the valleys that are covered with unconsolidated deposits (for example, Moab-Spanish and Castle Valleys), in areas along some of the larger streams (for example, Indian Creek and the Colorado River), and in many of the upland areas, such as the Abajo and La Sal Mountains. Although many of the sandstone outcrops within the study area are classified with a low soil-characteristic code of 4, recharge to these units locally will be enhanced in areas where the outcrops are highly fractured. Groundwater Budget Limited data are available to quantitatively estimate the large-scale regional groundwater budget for the study area. Some previous studies, however, have estimated groundwater budgets for areas within and adjacent to the current study area, namely Moab-Spanish Valley and parts of the Paradox Basin (fig. 14). Various components of the groundwater budget for Moab-Spanish Valley have been estimated in several previous studies (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977; Kovacs, 2000; Gard­ ner, 2004; Lowe and others, 2007). Rush and others (1982) provide an estimated groundwater budget for the upper aquifer system (aquifers above the Upper Paleozoic Confining Unit) for the Green River-Moab area of the Paradox Basin. Like­ wise, Weir and others (1983) provide an estimated groundwa­ ter budget for the upper aquifer system for the Moab-Mon­ ticello area of the Paradox Basin. These two studies cover a large part of the current study area, however, they extend only as far east as the crest of the La Sal Mountains, and include areas to the west of the Green River that are outside the cur­ rent study area. Estimates of groundwater-budget components for Moab-Spanish Valley and parts of the Paradox Basin are summarized in table 6. Recharge Most groundwater recharge to the study area originates as infiltration of precipitation from upland areas where precipita­ tion quantities are the greatest (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Steiger and Susong, 1997; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Addi­ tional groundwater recharge occurs as seepage from streams and irrigation water (Sumsion, 1971; Weir and others, 1983;

70    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 13.  Distribution of hydrologic soil characteristics and areas with more than 8 inches of winter precipitation within the study area. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Castle Valley Castle Valley Moab-Spanish Valley Moab-Spanish Valley Hydrologic soil characteristic code from the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) Database (Schwarz and Alexander, 1995) 1 High infiltration rates 2 Moderate infiltration rates 3 Slow infiltration rates 4 Very slow infiltration rates Area with more than 8 inches of winter precipitation Moab Master Leasing Plan area boundary National Park Study area boundary EXPLANATION

Groundwater    71 Figure 14.  Locations of previous groundwater studies with estimated groundwater-budget components. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Moab-Spanish Valley study area boundary Paradox Basin study area boundary EXPLANATION

72    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Table 6.  Summary of previously reported estimates of groundwater-budget components for Moab-Spanish Valley and parts of the Paradox Basin. [All values reported in acre-feet per year, rounded to two significant digits] Moab-Spanish Valley Publication or source of data Sumsion (1971) Eychaner (1977)1 Kovacs (2000)2 Gardner (2004)3 Lowe and others (2007)1 Total Recharge Precipitation Inflow (from infiltration of precipitation over La Sal Mountains and adjacent upland areas) 14,000 13,000 13,000 — 13,000 13,000 to 14,000 Infiltration of direct precipitation over valley — — 560 to 730 Seepage from Ken's Lake — — 3,300 — 3,200 3,200 to 3,300 Infiltration of water from Pack Creek — — — — Total recharge 14,000 14,000 17,000 — 17,000 14,000 to 17,000 Discharge Seepage to streams (Mill and Pack Creeks) — 1,300 1,200 — 1,100 1,100 to 1,300 Evapotranspiration (Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve) 3,000 2,200 — 2,500 to 3,700 — 2,200 to 3,700 Withdrawals from wells/springs (net) 3,300 2,000 6,400 — 6,400 2,000 to 6,4004 Seepage to Colorado River 8,000 8,300 9,5005 110 to 1,500 9,2005 110 to 9,500 Total discharge 14,000 14,000 17,000 — 17,000 14,000 to 17,000 Paradox Basin Publication or source of data Rush and others (1982) Green River-Moab Area Weir and others (1983) MoabMonticello Area Total Recharge Infiltration of precipitation and runoff 16,000 120,000 140,000 Infiltration of regional streamflow (Green and Colorado Rivers) Subsurface inflow unknown unknown unknown Total recharge 110,0006 120,000 230,000 Discharge Evapotranspiration 24,000 32,000 56,000 Springflow 4,100 4,500 Seepage to regional streams (Green and Colorado Rivers) 81,000 200,000 280,000 Withdrawals from wells minor 4,900 4,900 Subsurface outflow very small probably small small Total discharge 110,000 240,000 350,000 1Estimates are from numerical model results. 2As reported in Lowe and others (2007), p. 28 and Table 5. 3Estimates for Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve only. 4Difference due to increased well withdrawals in the late 1990s (Loughlin Water Associates, LLC, 2010). 5Estimate may include evapotranspiration from Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve, but unclear in the reports. 6In report, total recharge was assumed to equal total discharge.

Groundwater    73 Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Steiger and Susong, 1997; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999) and as subsurface inflow, both between aquifers (Sumsion, 1971; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999) and as lateral movement into the study area across its defined boundaries (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Previous estimates of total ground­ water recharge to Moab-Spanish Valley range from 14,000 to 17,000 acre-ft/yr (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977; Downs and Kovacs, 2000; Lowe and others, 2007; table 6). Previous estimates of total groundwater recharge to the upper aquifer system of the Paradox Basin are about 230,000 acre-ft/yr (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; table 6). Direct Infiltration of Precipitation The La Sal and Abajo Mountains and adjacent upland areas are a dominant source of recharge to the primary consolidatedrock aquifers of the upper groundwater system because the talus covered, fractured, and upturned high mountain slopes readily absorb snowmelt and precipitation (Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990). The Book Cliffs and areas to the north of the study area also receive a substantial amount of precipitation (about 15.7-27.6 in/yr) and provide a consider­ able source of groundwater recharge to the northern parts of the study area (Rush and others, 1982). Likewise, the Uncom­ pahgre Plateau receives a substantial amount of precipita­ tion (more than 8 in/yr of winter precipitation), and provides a source of groundwater recharge to the eastern part of the study area (Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Recharge from direct infiltration of precipitation to the consolidated-rock aquifers is enhanced where the rocks are (1) highly fractured, such as occurs along the flanks of the Abajo and La Sal Mountains, or along the margins of the collapsed salt anticlines, such as Moab-Spanish Valley and Castle Valley (Steiger and Susong, 1997; Lowe and others, 2007); or (2) where the rock is cov­ ered by shallow deposits of sandy soil that provide storage where precipitation can quickly infiltrate and then move into the underlying rock rather than run off into stream chan­ nels (Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Steiger and Susong, 1997). Direct infiltration of precipitation also accounts for a small part of recharge to the unconsolidated (valley-fill) aquifers (Eychaner, 1977; Steiger and Susong, 1997; Lowe and others, 2007). Seepage From Streams and Irrigation Water Recharge to the consolidated-rock aquifers of the upper groundwater system also occurs along stream channels where deep infiltration is most likely (Blanchard, 1990; Weir and others, 1983; Freethey and Cordy, 1991; Steiger and Susong, 1997; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Seepage from streams and stream-derived irrigation water also is an important source of recharge to the unconsolidated aquifers in Moab-Spanish and Castle Valleys (Sumsion, 1971; Steiger and Susong, 1997; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). In Moab-Spanish Valley, ground­ water recharge occurs to the unconsolidated aquifers from the infiltration of water diverted from Pack Creek used as irrigation (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977), and as seepage of water from Ken's Lake (Kovacs, 2000; Lowe and others, 2007), which is sourced from a diversion of Mill Creek. The primary source of recharge to the unconsolidated aquifer of Castle Valley is from stream seepage and infiltration of Castle and Placer Creeks (Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Subsurface Inflow Subsurface inflow of groundwater across the study-area boundary is the primary source of groundwater recharge to the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Recharge to the aquifer is from precipitation on outcrops outside of the study area (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983). The lowpermeability evaporite deposits of the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation (Upper Paleozoic confining unit) likely limit or prevent vertical flow and, therefore, recharge from the upper aquifer system to the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system. Recharge from subsurface inflow of groundwater across the study-area boundary is likely very minor for the upper aquifer system within the study area (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983). Recharge from the subsurface inflow of groundwater between aquifers accounts for most of the groundwater recharge to Moab-Spanish Valley. Previous studies in MoabSpanish Valley estimated that recharge to the unconsolidated aquifer is predominantly from subsurface inflow of ground­ water from the the Glen Canyon Group aquifer along the northeast side of the valley. Sumsion (1971) assumed that groundwater recharge to the valley through the Glen Canyon Group aquifer equaled the sum of discharge to the Colorado River, evapotranspiration within the Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve, discharge to springs, and well withdraw­ als. Recharge estimates from subsequent studies by Eychaner (1977), Kovacs (2000), and Lowe and others (2007) were based on Sumsion's estimates. Gardner (2004) concluded that Sumsion (1971) may have significantly overestimated dis­ charge to the Colorado River and, consequently, recharge from subsurface inflow to Moab-Spanish Valley. Smaller quanti­ ties of groundwater recharge to the unconsolidated aquifer in Spanish Valley also occur as subsurface inflow from adjacent, fractured consolidated-rock aquifers, specifically from the Cutler Formation aquifer along the southwest side of the val­ ley (Snyder, 1996; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Recharge from groundwater inflow between aquifers also can occur between the consolidated-rock aquifers of the upper aquifer system, where intervening confining units are missing, and vertical groundwater gradients are present (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991).

74    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Discharge Groundwater discharge occurs as seepage to streams (including the Colorado and Green Rivers), evapotranspira­ tion, to springs and seeps, well withdrawals (Sumsion, 1971; Blanchard, 1990; Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Freethey and Cordy, 1991); and as subsurface outflow, both between aquifers (Sumsion, 1971; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999) and as lateral movement into the study area across its defined boundaries (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and oth­ ers, 1983; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Previous estimates of total groundwater discharge from Moab-Spanish Valley range from 14,000 to 17,000 acre-ft/yr (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977; Kovacs, 2000; Lowe and others, 2007; table 6). Previ­ ous estimates of total groundwater discharge from the upper aquifer system of the Paradox Basin are about 350,000 acre-ft/ yr (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; table 6). Seepage to Streams The Green and Colorado Rivers are the terminal ground­ water-discharge locations for water within the study area, and discharge to these rivers represents the largest component of groundwater discharge (table 6). Rush and others (1982) estimated groundwater discharge to the Green River between Green River, Utah, and the confluence with the Colorado River of approximately 823 acre-ft/yr per mile of underly­ ing aquifer, and groundwater discharge to the Colorado River between Cisco, Utah, and the confluence with the Green River of approximately 3,705 acre-ft/yr per mile of underlying aqui­ fer. The length of underlying aquifer in this study was calcu­ lated as the straight-line distance of a river segment (Rush and others, 1982, table 1). Based on these rates, Rush and others (1982) and Weir and others (1983) estimated groundwater discharge to the Green and Colorado Rivers of about 280,000 acre-ft/yr; these estimates, however, include discharge from aquifers on the northwest side of the Green River, which is outside the current study area, and excludes discharge to the Colorado River upstream of the Dolores River (fig. 14). Groundwater discharge directly to the Green and Colorado Rivers for the study area can be estimated by multiplying the aquifer distance (length of underlying aquifer) by the rates cal­ culated in Rush and others (1982). Using the assumption that the approximate aquifer distance that each river crosses is the straight-line distance for a particular river segment (Rush and others, 1982, table 9), the aquifer distances that the Green and the Colorado Rivers cross within the study area are approxi­ mately 69 and 75 mi, respectively. Assuming that discharge on either side of the Green River is approximately equal (Rush and others, 1982), such that the discharge rate to the Green River is approximately 411.5 acre-ft/yr per mile (823 acre-ft/ yr per mile divided by 2), groundwater discharge to the Green River is about 28,000 acre-ft/yr. Groundwater discharge to the Colorado River is about 280,000 acre-ft/yr. There are only a few previously reported estimates of groundwater discharge for the other streams within the study area. Previously reported groundwater discharge estimates to Mill and Pack Creeks in Moab-Spanish Valley range from 1,100 to 1,300 acre-ft/yr (Eychaner, 1977; Kovacs, 2000; Lowe and others, 2007). These estimates, however, are from numerical modeling results where the streams were simulated as drains. There is increased uncertainty in these estimates, therefore, because of uncertainty in the streambed conduc­ tances and geometries used in these models. Blanchard (1990) looked at the gains and losses of stream flow along the entire reaches of Mill Creek and North Fork of Mill Creek during October 1985 to determine areas and approximate quantities of groundwater recharge and discharge along the streams. Blanchard (1990) estimated that about 2,050-3,800 acre-ft/ yr of groundwater discharge to the two streams. A long period of relatively wet climatic conditions began in 1980 preceding the investigation (Burden and others, 2011) and, therefore, the estimates may exceed the long-term average. Warner and others (1985) measured baseflow in the Dolores River and its tributaries in January 1978. The baseflow was assumed to be entirely derived from groundwater discharge to the river, and measurements by Warner and others (1985) indicated that about 16,000 acre-ft/yr of groundwater discharged to the Dolo­ res River and its tributaries that are located within the current study area. A long period of below-average precipitation pre­ ceded the study (Burden and others, 2011) and, therefore, the estimates may be much lower than the long-term average. Evapotranspiration Groundwater discharge to evapotranspiration by deeprooted phreatophytes can be substantial in areas adjacent to perennial streams and rivers. Typical regional phreatophytes located adjacent to the streams and rivers in the riparian areas are saltcedar, cottonwood, willow, and saltgrass (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). In locations with deeper water tables (as deep as 50 ft), saltbrush, greasewood, and rabbitbrush dominate (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Rush and others (1982) and Weir and others (1983) estimated that 38 mi2 of the Paradox Basin were covered by phreatophytes, and nearly 15 of the 38 mi2 were located in river floodplains. The average groundwater discharge from the phreatophytes was estimated at 56,000 acre-ft/yr (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983). Estimates of groundwa­ ter discharge by evapotranspiration in the Scott M. Matheson Wetlands Preserve of Moab-Spanish Valley range from 2,200 to 3,700 acre-ft/yr (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977; Gardner, 2004). Evaporation of shallow soil moisture also contributes to groundwater discharge. Springs and Seeps Numerous springs and seeps are present within the study area; however, previous studies have measured discharge at

Groundwater    75 only a few of these sites. Discharge from 36 springs in the Spanish Valley area between July 1967 and August 1986 were measured or estimated by Sumsion (1971) and (or) Blanchard (1990). These discharge measurements and estimates ranged from 30 to 200 gal/min (48 to 323 acre-ft/yr) for springs in the unconsolidated aquifer; 200 gal/min (323 acre-ft/yr) for a spring in the Burro Canyon Formation of the Dakota aqui­ fer; 0.25 gal/min (0.4 acre-ft/yr) for springs in the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation of the Morrison aqui­ fer; 0.5 to 11 gal/min (0.8 to 18 acre-ft/yr) for springs in the Entrada Sandstone of the Entrada aquifer; 0.3 to 390 gal/min (0.5 to 630 acre-ft/yr) for springs in the Navajo Sandstone, the Wingate Sandstone, and the Glen Canyon Group; 20 to 43.5 gal/min (32 to 70 acre-ft/yr) for springs in undifferenti­ ated Mesozoic rocks; and 2 gal/min (3 acre-ft/yr) for a spring in the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation. Eisinger and Lowe (1999) report that more than 200 perennial springs are present throughout the La Sal Mountains and are pre­ dominantly at altitudes greater than 7,500 ft. Rush and others (1982) and Weir and others (1983) report that there are at least 200 springs within the Paradox Basin study area, and discharge from the upper groundwater system to these springs is about 4,500 acre-ft/yr (table 6). As discussed in the sec­ tion, "Springs", mean spring-discharge measurements for 64 springs reported in the NWIS database varies widely from less than 1 to 371 gal/min (less than 1.6 to 599 acre-ft/yr; fig. 9). The largest reported mean spring discharges from NWIS are in Moab-Spanish Valley, and on the western flank of the La Sal Mountains. Most springs within the study area have mean discharges of less than 10 gal/min (less than 16 acre-ft/yr). Well Withdrawals and Groundwater Use There is little data on the quantity of groundwater with­ drawn from wells within the study area. The combined groundwater discharge to springs and well withdrawals in Moab-Spanish Valley is estimated to range from 2,000 to 3,300 acre-ft/yr (Sumsion, 1971; Eychaner, 1977) for periods in the late 1960s and mid-1970s, and 6,400 acre-ft/yr (Kovacs, 2000; Lowe and others, 2007) for the period after the late 1990s. These estimates are net estimates, where 50 percent of the well withdrawals for irrigation are assumed to return to the groundwater system (Sumsion, 1971); therefore, only one-half of the estimated well withdrawals for irrigation are reported. Rush and others (1982) and Weir and others (1983) estimated groundwater discharge to well withdrawals of about 4,900 acre-ft/yr for the Paradox Basin. Well withdrawals throughout the study area have likely increased in recent years; however, no current well-withdrawal inventories are present within the study area, and the number of wells and withdrawal informa­ tion are limited. The Utah Division of Water Rights (UT-DWR) Web site provides geographic informa­ tion system datasets (dataset WRPOD downloaded from http://www.waterrights.utah.gov/gisinfo/wrcover.asp, accessed May 9, 2013) that can be queried to determine the number of water rights for wells (underground points of diversion) that have been "approved" or "perfected". The total number of wells that fit these criteria in the study area is 4,960 (fig. 15). Most of each of these wells are categorized as having multiple uses. Of the total number of wells, 4,298 are categorized as being used for domestic supply, stock watering, and irrigation; 67 are categorized as being used for municipal supplies; 19 are categorized as being used for mining; 280 are categorized as having a use of "other"; and 578 have no data regarding use. Public water supplier data from the UT-DWR Web site (http://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/wuseview.exe, accessed May 22, 2013) report 2012 water-use estimates for the primary municipalities of Moab-Spanish Valley, Castle Valley, and Monticello. UT-DWR reports water use of 1,767 acre-ft from springs and 899 acre-ft from wells for Moab City Water, and 1,677 acre-ft from wells for the Grand County Conservancy District (primary public water suppliers for Moab-Spanish Valley); 716 acre-ft from wells for the Town of Castle Valley; and 554 acre-ft from springs and 29.5 acre-ft from wells for the Monticello Municipal Water System. Other UT-DWR 2012 public supply and water-use data within the study area is available for Arches National Park, which used 9 acre-ft from wells; Archview Campground, which used 6 acre-ft from wells; and Wilson Arch Water and Sewer Spe­ cial Services District, which used 12 acre-ft from wells. Subsurface Outflow Subsurface outflow of groundwater across the study area boundary is the primary groundwater discharge from the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Freethey and Cordy, 1991). Discharge from the aquifer system primarily is to the Colorado River outside the study area (Rush and others, 1982). The evaporite depos­ its of the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation likely prevent vertical flow and, therefore, discharge to the upper aquifer system. Discharge as subsurface outflow of groundwa­ ter across the study area boundary likely is very minor for the upper aquifer system within the study area (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983). Limited data throughout the study area increase the difficulty in estimating subsurface flow to adjacent regions. Discharge as groundwater outflow between aquifers can occur between the consolidated-rock aquifers of the upper aquifer system, where intervening confining units are absent and vertical groundwater gradients are present (Rush and oth­ ers, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990; Freethey and Cordy, 1991).

76    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 15.  Use of groundwater from well withdrawals throughout the study area as reported by the Utah Division of Water Rights. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary Groundwater use No data Domestic supply Stock watering Irrigation Municipal supply Mining Other Multiple (any combination of the above) EXPLANATION

Groundwater    77 Groundwater Quality Although groundwater recharge typically is freshwater, total dissolved-solids concentrations increase along groundwa­ ter flowpaths with depth and (or) distance from the recharge area and can be used to evaluate water quality (Weir and others, 1983; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The quantity and solubility of the consolidated-rock and alluvial aquifer mate­ rial has a direct influence on the dissolved-solids concentration (Rush and others, 1982). According to the Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UT DEQ; http://www.waterquality. utah.gov/GroundWater/gwclasses.htm, accessed January 15, 2013), groundwater quality is classified according to the total dissolved-solids concentration as pristine groundwater (Class IA, less than 500 mg/L), drinking-water quality groundwater (Class II, 500 to 3,000 mg/L), limited-use groundwater (Class III, 3,000 to 10,000 mg/L), and saline groundwater (Class IV, greater than 10,000 mg/L). Class IA and Class II groundwater is considered suitable for drinking water provided that individ­ ual "contaminant" or constituent concentrations do not exceed state and federal groundwater-quality and health standards. Class III groundwater typically is considered suitable for agricultural and industrial purposes, although Class IV may be used in evaporative processes to mine dissolved materials. UT DEQ groundwater quality standards for individual constituents are available on their Web site (http://www.waterquality.utah. gov/GroundWater/gwstandards.htm). Specific conductance also can be used to evaluate water quality, and essentially is a surrogate for total dissolved solids because specific conductance is dependent on the amount of dissolved solids in the water. As a general rule of thumb, specific conductance can be converted to total dissolved solids concentrations by multiplying the specific conductance by 0.65 (Hem, 1985). Groundwater with specific-conductance values of less than about 4,500 µS/cm, therefore, would be classified as Class IA or Class II water and suitable as drinking water. The mean specific conductance for groundwater from wells and springs within the study area as reported in NWIS is shown in figure 16. Mean specific conductance for each site was calculated as the mean of all specific-conductance measurements made at the site; the number of measurements and period of record are highly variable from site to site. Mean specific conductance ranges from 101 to 220,000 µS/cm, with most of the sites having a mean specific conductance of less than or equal to 1,000 µS/cm. The greatest specific-conduc­ tance values are found in wells with depths below land surface between 905 and 8,811 ft near Green River, Utah. These wells likely are penetrating the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation evaporites, or the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system, both of which have groundwater with high concentrations of total dissolved solids (Feltis, 1966; Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Lower Paleozoic Aquifer System The limited groundwater-quality data available for the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system are associated with oil and gas exploration wells completed in geologic units classified simply as Mississippian-age or Pennsylvanian-age formations (Feltis, 1966; Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). The total dissolvedsolids concentrations observed in 86 of the groundwater-qual­ ity samples collected from the Mississippian-age limestones and dolomites in Grand County range from 7,172 to 379,469 mg/L (Feltis, 1966; Hanshaw and Hill, 1969; Gwynn, 1995; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The Leadville Limestone and associated geological equivalents typically contain sodiumchloride groundwater with secondary sulfate and potassium (Weir and others, 1983; Gwynn, 1995). Hanshaw and Hill (1969) describe most groundwater samples from strata older than Permian as brines (more than 35,000 mg/L total dis­ solved solids) of sodium-chloride with large amounts of calcium-sulfate or calcium-chloride type water. Groundwater from, or in contact with, the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation typically has high concentrations of total dissolved solids because of the presence of thick evaporite sequences (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Hanshaw and Hill (1969) analyzed two chemically different regions east and west of a line that coincides with the Green River to its confluence with the Col­ orado River and continues southward along the east side of the Monument Uplift. Groundwater samples from west of the line had total dissolved-solids concentrations of less than 35,000 mg/L, and samples from east of the line had total dissolvedsolids concentrations of greater than 35,000 mg/L, and typi­ cally more than 100,000 mg/L (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969); this is likely because the evaporite facies of the Pennsylvanian age typically are limited to the area east of the line (Geldon, 2003). Cutler Formation Aquifer Total dissolved-solids concentrations in groundwaterquality samples collected from the White Rim and Cedar Mesa Sandstones in Canyonlands National Park varied by an order of magnitude between springs and wells (Huntoon, 1977, 1979). Huntoon (1977, 1979) observed that four springs had total dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 270 to 814 mg/L; four wells, however, had total dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 1,720 to 2,730 mg/L. The differ­ ence in total dissolved-solids concentrations may be attributed to major ion concentrations in each of the samples. The spring samples were calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate and calciummagnesium-sodium-bicarbonate type waters, although the groundwater types from the wells varied (Huntoon, 1977). Groundwater quality of the undifferentiated Cutler Forma­ tion was reported on by Rush and others (1982), Weir and others (1983), and Blanchard (1990). Total dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 237 to 6,010 mg/L. Blanchard (1990) also found concentrations of selenium in two wells near Castle Valley that were greater than the 50 µg/L health standard. The Cutler Formation typically contains calciummagnesium-sulfate or calcium-magnesium-sodium-sulfate type groundwater (Blanchard, 1990).

78    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area Figure 16.  Mean field-measured specific conductance of groundwater from springs and wells within the study area. COLORADO UTAH UINTAH COUNTY CARBON COUNTY GRAND COUNTY EMERY COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY MESA COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY SAN JUAN COUNTY DOLORES COUNTY MONTROSE COUNTY Colorado River Colorado River Green River Dolores River Dolores River Green River Green River Crescent Junction Crescent Junction Moab Moab Monticello Monticello 20 KILOMETERS 20 MILES 109° 110° 39° 38° Book Book Cliffs Cliffs Uncompahgre Plateau Uncompahgre Plateau La Sal Mountains La Sal Mountains Abajo Mountains Abajo Mountains Arches National Park Arches National Park Canyonlands National Park Canyonlands National Park Mean, field-measured specific conductance, in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius Wells 101 to 500 501 to 1,000 1,001 to 5,000 5,001 to 10,000 10,001 to 50,000 50,001 to 100,000 100,001 to 220,000 Moab Master Leasing Plan area National Park Study area boundary EXPLANATION Springs 101 to 500 501 to 1,000 1,001 to 5,000 5,001 to 10,000 10,001 to 50,000 50,001 to 100,000 100,001 to 220,000

Groundwater    79 Glen Canyon Group Aquifer Total dissolved-solids concentrations for groundwater sam­ ples collected from wells completed in the Wingate Sandstone ranged from 161 to 717 mg/L (Sumsion, 1971; Rush and oth­ ers, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990). The Wing­ ate Sandstone typically has calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate or magnesium-sodium-calcium-bicarbonate type groundwater (Blanchard, 1990). Blanchard (1990) also reported that in one location, the median total dissolved-solids concentration (from four samples) was about 45,000 mg/L, and the type of water in this location was sodium-chloride, atypical of most waters found within the upper aquifer system. It was suspected that these high concentrations were from the upward movement of brines from the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation at this location (Blanchard, 1990). The Navajo Sandstone typically produces groundwater with lower total dissolved-solids concentrations because of a combination of low-solubility mineral content and direct infiltration of precipitation into extensive formation outcrops (Rush and others, 1982; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Total dis­ solved-solids concentrations reported from springs and wells in the Navajo Sandstone range from 102 to 827 mg/L (Sum­ sion, 1971; Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990; Steiger and Susong, 1997). The Navajo Sandstone typically has calcium-bicarbonate or calcium-mag­ nesium-bicarbonate type groundwater, but also can contain calcium-sodium-magnesium-bicarbonate, magnesium-sodiumbicarbonate-sulfate, and magnesium-sodium-bicarbonatechloride-sulfate type groundwater (Blanchard, 1990; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Entrada Aquifer Relatively shallow groundwater samples collected from the Entrada aquifer have total dissolved-solids concentra­ tions ranging from 119 to 417 mg/L (Rush and others, 1982; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990). Within the southern part of Grand County, the Entrada aquifer typically contains calcium-carbonate, calcium-bicarbonate, calcium-magnesiumbicarbonate, or calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate-sulfate type water (Blanchard, 1990). Three deep oil wells and one groundwater well, located in the central and northeastern parts of Grand County where the Entrada Sandstone is 900 to 5,300 ft below land surface, were reported to have total dissolvedsolids concentrations between 9,470 and 86,600 mg/L (Feltis, 1966). The groundwater was sodium-chloride type at these locations (Blanchard, 1990). These samples are likely indica­ tive of long groundwater flowpaths, as salinity typically increases with vertical depth and lateral distance from the recharge areas (Blanchard, 1990). Morrison Aquifer Groundwater samples collected from the undifferentiated Morrison Formation had total dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 517 to 25,700 mg/L, and the groundwater type typically was calcium-magnesium-sodium-sulfate-bicarbonate or sodium-chloride (Feltis, 1966; Rush and others, 1982; Blanchard, 1990). Groundwater within the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation (Brushy Basin confin­ ing unit) typically has high radionuclide activity (beta, alpha, and uranium activities) because of large quantities of uranium within the formation (Blanchard, 1990). Dakota Aquifer Groundwater samples collected from wells completed in the Dakota aquifer had total dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 98 to 1,800 mg/L (Sumsion, 1971; Weir and others, 1983; Blanchard, 1990). Groundwater in the Dakota aquifer typically is calcium-bicarbonate type water (Weir and others, 1983). Mesaverde Aquifer Total dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 500 to 800 mg/L have been reported for groundwater from the Mesaverde aquifer (Feltis, 1966; Conroy and Fields, 1977; Blanchard, 1990; Gwynn, 1995; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Groundwater in the Mesaverde aquifer typically is calciummagnesium-bicarbonate type water, although some samples can be of mixed water type (Blanchard, 1990; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Unconsolidated Aquifers In general, limited groundwater-quality data are available for the unconsolidated aquifers; however, a number of previ­ ous investigations have evaluated groundwater quality of the unconsolidated aquifers in Moab-Spanish Valley and Castle Valley. Total dissolved-solids concentrations in samples col­ lected from the unconsolidated aquifer in Moab-Spanish Val­ ley ranged from 167 to 1,820 mg/L (Sumsion, 1971; Steiger and Susong, 1997). Sumsion (1971) surmised that groundwa­ ter from the fractured Glen Canyon Group aquifer mixes with groundwater from the unconsolidated aquifer, which decreases the total dissolved-solids concentrations. Nitrate concentra­ tions in the Moab-Spanish Valley unconsolidated aquifer were as high as 26 mg/L as nitrate, and four out of nine samples exceeded the groundwater-quality standard of 10 mg/L as nitrate (Sumsion, 1971; UT DEQ Web site, available at http:// www.waterquality.utah.gov/GroundWater/gwstandards.htm). Steiger and Susong (1997), found groundwater nitrate plus nitrite concentrations ranging from 0.04 to 5.87 mg/L. Steiger and Susong (1997) suggested that areas with nitrate plus nitrite concentrations of more than 3 mg/L in the central part

80    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area of Moab-Spanish Valley resulted from anthropogenic activi­ ties. Groundwater in the Moab-Spanish Valley unconsolidated aquifer typically is bicarbonate or calcium-sulfate-bicarbonate type water (Steiger and Susong, 1997). There are no total dissolved-solids concentrations reported for Castle Valley, but specific-conductance values from eight groundwater wells ranged from 357 to 1,960 µS/cm (Ford and Grandy, Utah Geological Survey, written commun., 1995). Weir and others (1983) observed a down-valley and downgra­ dient increase in specific conductance in the unconsolidated aquifer of Castle Valley. The increase in specific conductance through the valley may be a result of the influence of recharge from the Cutler Formation and Paradox Member of the Her­ mosa Formation, which are both known to contain groundwa­ ter with high concentrations of total dissolved solids, or from downgradient movement of the water (Snyder, 1996; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). Brines and Saline Groundwater Information is limited on the availability of brines and saline groundwater within the study area. As discussed in section, "Groundwater Quality", groundwater from, or in contact with, the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Forma­ tion typically shows high total dissolved-solids concentra­ tions of greater than 35,000 mg/L, and typically more than 100,000 mg/L (Hanshaw and Hill, 1969). Total dissolvedsolids concentrations observed in groundwater samples collected from wells completed in Mississippian-age lime­ stones and dolomites in Grand County range from 7,172 to 379,469 mg/L (Feltis, 1966; Hanshaw and Hill, 1969; Gwynn, 1995; Eisinger and Lowe, 1999). The Leadville Limestone and associated equivalents typically contain sodium-chloride water with subordinate sulfate and potassium (Weir and oth­ ers, 1983; Gwynn, 1995). Hanshaw and Hill (1969) describe most water samples from strata below the Permian as brines of sodium-chloride with large amounts of calcium-sulfate or calcium-chloride type water. Because the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation is considered a barrier to vertical groundwater flow, it appears, therefore, that most of the brine and saline groundwater resources are restricted to the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system and Upper Paleozoic confining unit (table 1), or in areas that are in contact with the Paradox Mem­ ber of the Hermosa Formation. There are no previous studies, however, that quantify the amount of groundwater in, or the storage capacity of, the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system. Future Work To better understand and quantify surface-water and groundwater resources within the Moab MLP and the greater study area, several lines of future work need attention. First, a comprehensive, up-to-date groundwater budget for the study area needs to be investigated. This includes a robust assessment of groundwater discharge locations and groundwa­ ter recharge locations. Specifically, an inventory of spring and well locations and discharge and withdrawal data would be beneficial, as many of the sites in the NWIS database do not have more than location data associated with them and there may be newer wells that may not be in the database. Addition­ ally, a more rigorous calculation of recharge to both the upper and lower groundwater systems is warranted. Second, a more complete evaluation of surface-water resources is needed. This assessment should include more information or studies to examine long-term trends to surfacewater resources distributed throughout the study area. A better understanding is needed of streamflow variability within each reach of an individual stream (ephemeral compared to peren­ nial reaches) and how streamflow varies over time from the seasonal to the annual scale. Periodic and regular site visits should be completed to accurately assess, identify, quantify, and validate the surface-water resources. Finally, incorporation of this information in numerical groundwater and (or) surface-water models would enhance greatly the quantification of the potential effects that future surface-water and groundwater use would have on water resources within the study area. Surface-water and groundwa­ ter resources are intimately linked and the benefit of a numeri­ cal model is that stresses implemented on one resource can be simulated at spatial and temporal scales that are difficult to determine with observed data only. Additionally, the predictive utility of a calibrated and validated numerical model would allow water managers to test scenarios prior to implementation and to avoid unwarranted repercussions. Summary The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Canyon Country District Office is preparing a leasing plan known as the Moab Master Leasing Plan (Moab MLP) for oil, gas, and potash mineral rights in an area encompassing 946,469 acres in Grand and San Juan Counties in southeastern Utah. The BLM has identified water resources as being potentially affected by oil, gas, and potash development and has requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) prepare a summary of existing water-resources information for the Moab MLP area. This report provides information that will assist the BLM in devel­ oping leasing configurations, addressing resource conflicts, and developing mitigation strategies for the Moab MLP area, and will serve as the basis for analysis of water-resource issues in a future environmental impact statement to be prepared by the BLM. This report includes a summary and synthesis of previous and ongoing investigations conducted in the Moab MLP and adjacent areas in Utah and Colorado from the early 1930s through the late 2000s. Eight principal aquifers and six confining units were identi­ fied in the study area. Generally, the aquifers can be split into four types: (1) limestone aquifers of marine origin, (2)

Summary    81 sandstone aquifers of eolian and marine origin, (3) sandstone and conglomerate aquifers of fluvial origin, and (4) valleyfill aquifers in unconsolidated deposits. The permeability is a function of both the primary permeability from interstitial pore connectivity and secondary permeability created by karst features or faults and fractures. Vertical hydraulic connection generally is restricted to strongly folded and fractured zones, which are concentrated along steeply dipping monoclines and in narrow regions encompassing igneous and salt intrusive masses. Several studies have identified both an upper and lower aquifer system separated by the Pennsylvanian-age Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation, an evaporite that is considered to be a confining unit. The principal aquifers and confining units vary in their aggregated classification between studies and are not considered laterally or vertically homog­ enous. Additionally, aquifer information throughout the study area is not equally available or explicitly characterized for all geologic units. Surface-water resources of the study area are dominated by the Colorado River. Numerous perennial and ephemeral or intermittent tributaries join the Colorado River as it flows from northeast to southwest across the study area, draining the surrounding upland areas of the Book Cliffs, Arches National Park, the La Sal Mountains, and the Abajo Mountains. The Green River is the largest perennial tributary to the Colorado River in the study area. The Green River flows south into the study area, joining the Colorado River in Canyonlands National Park. An annual spring snowmelt and runoff event dominates the hydrology of streams draining mountainous parts of the study area, and most of the perennial streams within the study area are considered to be snowmelt-dominated. The timing of the peak snowmelt runoff at a streamgage will vary in time because of year-to-year variations in snowpack depth and air temperature. Higher-altitude locations generally are under­ lain by fractured volcanics with secondary permeability that increases subsurface infiltration and groundwater recharge, as opposed to rapid surficial runoff. A bimodal distribution is observed in hydrographs from some sites with a late-spring snowmelt-runoff peak followed by smaller peaks of shorter duration during the late summer. The rapid and intense (flashy) response to monsoonally-derived precipitation events is typi­ cal of watersheds where semi-impermeable slickrock sand­ stone is prevalent. The large regional streams (the Colorado River, the Green River, and the Dolores River) integrate the hydrologic partitioning of a very large contributing area and, therefore, the hydrographs for these streams are much more smooth and consistent. Eight sites in Salt Creek had some of the greatest mean spe­ cific-conductance measurements, ranging from slightly greater than 12,000 µS/cm to as much as about 141,000 µS/cm. Two other sampling locations with mean specific-conductance values greater than 10,000 µS/cm were in Professor Creek and Lathrop Canyon. Several streams throughout the study area are considered impaired by the EPA for specific designateduse classifications. Based on the reporting cycle for 2010, the EPA has reported that the Colorado River is impaired with respect to selenium. Mill Creek, Onion Creek, Pack Creek, and the Dolores River are impaired with respect to total dis­ solved solids. Additionally, Mill Creek, Onion Creek, and Pack Creek are impaired with respect to temperature, and the Dolores River is impaired with respect to iron. Finally, Castle Creek, Westwater Creek, and Cottonwood Wash are impaired with respect to benthic macroinvertebrates bioassessments. Mean discharge for 64 springs varies widely, between less than 1 and 371 gal/min. The largest reported mean spring dis­ charges are in Moab-Spanish Valley, and on the western flank of the La Sal Mountains. Most springs within the study area have mean discharges of less than 10 gal/min. Mean waterlevel altitudes from 417 wells range from 2,500 to 8,500 ft within the study area. The water-level altitudes generally indicate a regional hydraulic gradient, or groundwater flow potential, towards the Colorado River, with local gradients showing groundwater movement towards smaller surfacewater drainage features. Limited data are available to quantitatively estimate the large-scale regional groundwater budget for the study area. Some previous studies, however, have estimated groundwater budgets for areas within and adjacent to the current study area, namely Moab-Spanish Valley and parts of the Paradox Basin. Most groundwater recharge to the study area originates as infiltration of precipitation from upland areas where precipita­ tion quantities are the greatest. Recharge from precipitation is further enhanced in areas covered with sandy soils or in areas where the bedrock is highly fractured. Additional groundwater recharge occurs as seepage from streams and irrigation water, and as subsurface inflow, both vertically between aquifers and as lateral movement into the study area across its defined boundaries. Previous estimates of total groundwater recharge to Moab-Spanish Valley range from 14,000 to 17,000 acre-ft/ yr, and to the upper aquifer system of the Paradox Basin are about 230,000 acre-ft/yr. Groundwater discharge occurs as seepage to streams, evapotranspiration, to springs and seeps, well withdrawals, and as subsurface outflow, both vertically between aquifers and as lateral movement out of the study area across its defined boundaries. Previous estimates of total groundwater discharge from Moab-Spanish Valley range from 14,000 to 17,000 acre-ft/yr, and from the upper aquifer system of the Paradox Basin are about 350,000 acre-ft/yr. Ground­ water use within the study area was determined using data from the Utah Division of Water Rights. Most wells within the study area are categorized as having multiple uses. Of the total number of wells (4,960), 4,298 are categorized as being used for domestic supply, stock watering, and irrigation; 67 are categorized as being used for municipal supplies; 19 are categorized as being used for mining; 280 are categorized as having a use of "other"; and 578 have no data regarding use. Mean specific-conductance values for groundwater from wells and springs within the study area range from 101 to 220,000 µS/cm, with the most of the sites having a mean specific conductance of less than or equal to 1,000 µS/cm. The greatest specific-conductance values are found in wells

82    Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area with depths below land surface between 905 and 8,811 ft near Green River, Utah. These wells likely are penetrating the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation evaporites, or the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system, both of which have ground­ water with high concentrations of total dissolved solids. Previ­ ously reported total dissolved-solids concentrations, specific conductances, and other groundwater-quality data for each of the principal aquifers also are summarized and indicate rela­ tively fresh water throughout the study area, except within the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system and areas in contact with the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation evaporites. Information is limited on the availability of brines and saline groundwater within the study area. Groundwater from, or in contact with, the Paradox Member of the Hermosa For­ mation typically shows high concentrations of total dissolved solids (greater than 35,000 mg/L). Concentrations of total dissolved solids in groundwater samples collected from the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system are high, and typically contain sodium-chloride water with subordinate sulfate and potassium, or brines of sodium-chloride with large amounts of calciumsulfate or calcium-chloride type water. Because the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation is considered a barrier to vertical groundwater flow, it appears, therefore, that most of the brine and saline groundwater resources are restricted to the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system and Upper Paleozoic confin­ ing unit. There are no previous studies, however, that quantify the amount of groundwater in, or the storage capacity of, the Lower Paleozoic aquifer system. To better understand and quantify surface-water and groundwater resources within the Moab MLP and the greater study area, several lines of future work need attention. First, a comprehensive, up-to-date groundwater budget for the study area needs to be investigated. Second, a more complete evaluation of surface-water resources is needed, including examination of long-term trends to surface-water resources distributed throughout the study area. Finally, incorporation of this information in numerical groundwater and (or) surfacewater models would enhance greatly the quantification of the potential effects that future surface-water and groundwater use would have on water resources within the study area. References Cited Baars, D.L., 2000, Geology of Canyonlands National Park, Utah, in Sprinkel, D.A., Chidsey, T.C., Jr., and Anderson, P.B., eds., Geology of Utah's parks and monuments: Utah Geological Association Publication 28, p. 61-83. Baker, A.A., 1933, Geology and oil possibilities of the Moab District, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 841, 110 p., http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp183. Baker, A.A., Dane, C.H., and Reeside, J.B., Jr., 1936, Correla­ tion of the Jurassic formations of parts of Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Pro­ fessional Paper 183, 66 p. Blanchard, P.J., 1990, Ground-water conditions in the Grand County area, Utah, with emphasis on the Mill CreekSpanish Valley area: State of Utah Department of Natural Resources Technical Publication No. 100, 69 p, 2 pls. Burden, C.B., and others, 2011, Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2011: Utah Department of Natural Resources Cooperative Investigations Report No. 52, 118 p. Bureau of Land Management, 2012, Moab master leasing plan and environmental impact statement: Bureau of Land Management-Canyon Country District Office Newsletter, March 2012, 4 p. Clow, D.W., 2010, Changes in the timing of snowmelt and streamflow in Colorado—A response to recent warming: Journal of Climate, v. 23, no. 9, p. 2293-2306. Conroy, L.S., and Fields, F.K., 1977, Climatologic and hydro­ logic data, southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, water years 1975 and 1976: U.S. Geological Survey BasicData Release 29, 244 p. Daly, C., Nielson, R.P., and Phillips, D.L., 1994, A statisticaltopographic model for mapping climatological precipitation over mountainous terrain: Journal of Applied Meteorol­ ogy, v. 33, no. 2, p. 140-158, accessed May 24, 2013, at http://prism.oregonstate.edu/products. Danielson, T.W., and Hood, J.W., 1984, Infiltration to the Navajo Sandstone in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin, Utah, with emphasis on techniques used in its determina­ tion: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investiga­ tions Report 84-4154, 45 p., http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publica­ tion/wri844154. 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References Cited    83 Feltis, R.D., 1966, Water from bedrock in the Colorado Plateau of Utah: Utah State Engineer Technical Publication No. 15, 82 p. Fenneman, N.M., 1931, Physiography of western United States: New York, McGraw-Hill, 534 p. Fenneman, N.M., and Johnson, D.W., 1946, Physical divisions of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Special Map scale 1:7,000,000. Freethey, G.W., and Cordy, G.E., 1991, Geohydrology of Mesozoic rocks in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, excluding the San Juan Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Pro­ fessional Paper 1411-C, 118 p., http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1411C. Gard, L.M., Jr., 1976, Geology of the north end of the Salt Valley Anticline, Grand County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-303, 35 p., http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr76303. Gardner, P.M., 2004, Environmental tracer investigation of groundwater conditions at the Scott M. Matheson Wetland Preserve near Moab, Utah: Salt Lake City, University of Utah, Master's thesis, 160 p. Gardner, W.P., Susong, D.D., Solomon, D.K., and Heasler, Henry, 2010, Snowmelt hydrograph interpretation—Reveal­ ing watershed scale hydrologic characteristics of the Yel­ lowstone volcanic plateau: Journal of Hydrology, v. 383, p. 209-222. Geldon, A.L., 2003, Hydrologic properties and ground-water flow systems of the Paleozoic rocks in the Upper Colo­ rado River Basin in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, excluding the San Juan Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1411-B, 153 p., http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1411B. Gloyn, R.W., Morgan, C.D., Tabet, D.E., Blackett, R.E., Tripp, B.T., Lowe, M., 1995, Mineral, energy, and ground-water resources of San Juan County, Utah: Utah Geological Sur­ vey Special Study 86, 24 p., 15 pls., scale 1:500,000. Gualtieri, J.L., 2004, Geologic map of the Westwater 30' × 60' quadrangle, Grand and Uintah Counties, Utah and Garfield and Mesa Counties, Colorado: Utah Geological Survey Open-File Report 441DM, 4 pls., scale 1:100,000. Gutierrez, F., 2004, Origin of the salt valleys in the Canyon­ lands section of the Colorado Plateau—Evaporite-dissolu­ tion collapse versus tectonic subsidence: Geomorphology, v. 57, p. 423-435. Gwynn, J.W., 1995, Resistivities and chemical analyses of selected oil and gas field, water well, and spring waters, Utah: Utah Geological Survey Circular 87, 142 p. Hanshaw, B.B., and Hill, G.A., 1969, Geochemistry and hydrodynamics of the Paradox Basin region, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico: Chemical Geology, v. 4, p. 263-294. Heilweil, V.M., Freethey, G.W., Stolp, B.J., Wilkowske, C.D., and Wilberg, D.E., 2000, Geohydrology and numerical simulation of ground-water flow in the central Virgin River basin of Iron and Washington Counties, Utah: State of Utah Department of Natural Resources Technical Publication No. 116, 139 p. Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2254, 263 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2254/. Hintze, L.F., Willis, G.C., Laes, D.Y.M., Sprinkel, D.A., and Brown, K.D., 2000, Digital geologic map of Utah: Utah Geological Survey, 2 pls., scale 1:500,000. Hite, R.J., 1977, Subsurface geology of a potential waste emplacement site, Salt Valley Anticline, Grand County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-761, 26 p. Hite, R.J., and Lohman, S.W., 1973, Geologic appraisal of Paradox Basin salt deposits for waste emplacement: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 73-114, 75 p., http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr73114. Hood, J.W., and Danielson, T.W., 1981, Bedrock aquifers in the Lower Dirty Devil River Basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo Sandstone: State of Utah Depart­ ment of Natural Resources Technical Publication No. 68, 143 p. Hood, J.W., and Patterson, D.J., 1984, Bedrock aquifers in the northern San Rafael Swell area, Utah, with special empha­ sis on the Navajo Sandstone: State of Utah Department of Natural Resources Technical Publication No. 78, 128 p. Hunt, C.B., 1958, Structural and igneous geology of the La Sal Mountains, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Profes­ sional Paper 294-I, p. 305-364, http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/ publication/pp294I. Huntoon, P. W., 1977, The hydrogeologic feasibility of devel­ oping groundwater supplies in the northern part of Canyon­ lands National Park and Natural Bridges National Monu­ ment, Utah: Wyoming Water Resources Research Institute, 24 p. Huntoon, P.W., 1979, The occurrence of ground water in the Canyonlands area of Utah, with emphasis on water in the Permian section: Four Corners Geological Society Field Conference, 1979, p. 39-46.

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Masbruch and Shope—Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources in the Bureau of Land Management Moab Master Leasing Plan Area and Adjacent Areas, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah, and Mesa and Montrose Counties, Colorado—OFR 2014-1062 ISSN 2331-1258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141062

Plates & figures from the original