Modern Methods of Producing Coal: 1902 Catalogue Number 48 ..., Coal Mining ...

Name: Modern Methods of Producing Coal: 1902 Catalogue Number 48 ..., Coal Mining ...
Author: Sullivan Machinery Company

Sullivan Machinery Company

Modern Methods of Producing Coal: 1902 Catalogue Number 48 ..., Coal Mining ...

Sullivan Machinery Company · 1902 · Historical

Several interesting tables regarding the bituminous coal production of the United States are given on pages 73 to 76.

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Modern Methods Of Producing Coal

Chasmai-Winchell New York and Pittsburgh

M O D E N Methods

O F

Ppoducing

;

1 V O £,

Catalo Gue Number 48

Cctble cere- Code woid HAL I A E

L L I Van

C O P A N

Copyrighted 1902 by the Sullivan Machinery Company

Sullivan Machinery Company

Works

Claremont, N. H. Chicago, 111.

General Offices

135 Adams Street, Chicago, 111., U. S. A.

Branch Offices New York City, 71 Broadway

Pittsburg, Pa., 339 Fifth Avenue

r

(T Denver, Colo., 431 Seventeenth Street

Spokane, Wash., S 101 Howard Street

El Paso, Texas, 306 St. Louis Street

Cable Address, " Diamond Chicago "

Codes used — Ai, ABC, Fraser Chalmers, Liebers, Commercial

Directory, Western Union

A list of code words pertaining- to coal mines is given on pages 67 to 69.

Th

Sullivan Machinery Company

also manufactures

Diamond Core Drills

for the economical and rapid prospecting of coal and mineral lands

Air Compressors Channeling Machines

for quarrying dimension stone

Rock Drills

for the excavation of rock

Corliss Engines Winding Engines

for hoisting and hauling

Fans

for ventilating mines

Automatic Cross-over Dumps

Special catalogues are issued illustrating and describing each of the above classes of machinery, copies of which may be obtained upon request.

Several interesting tables regarding the bituminous coal production of the United States are given on pages 73 to 76.

Table of Con

e n

Page

Introductory . .11

Machines Used in and about Coal Mines 13

Pick Machines . . .21

Shearing- Machines 35

Electric Chain Machines 43

Long Wall Machines . 61 Air Compressors ... 81

Air Receivers 107

Diamond Prospecting Core Drills .111

Rock Drills . . . 125

Automatic Dumps . . 135

Ventilating Fans . 141

Winding Engines 147

Index . . 152

An index is given on page 152

I N presenting this illustrated catalogue descriptive of the Sullivan Coal Mining Machines, it is desired to show some of the fundamental features upon which superiority is claimed. In a book of this character it is impossible to go into every detail, but if it arouses interest in the machinery it serves its purpose. As the efficiency of nearly every machine is dependent upon local conditions, it is suggested that prospective purchasers permit examination of the properties, that the company may be in position to state definitely just what may be expected from the machines, aside from the fact that a personal interview is always preferable to correspondence.

In the Sullivan and Bullock machinery only the best materials obtainable are used, and modern methods govern their manufacture. No expense has been spared to make all products as simple, durable and efficient as possible ; all parts being made to jigs and templates, are perfectly interchangeable.

As will be noticed, the line of coal mining machinery is considerably larger than that of any other manufacturer. The policy of the company is strictly one of advancement. Improvements are constantly being made and new machines developed as conditions change. The closest scrutiny is courted of the entire line of manufacture, and correspondence bearing on this subject will receive prompt and courteous attention.

; Sullivan Machinery Company

June 1, 1902

Official mining- scales showing the differentials between pick and machine mining- are given on pages 71 and 72.

Sullivan Machines Used in and about Coal Mines

A Few Facts Briefly Stated

few years ago, a careful exam- )n and study of the conditions governing coal mines, the company became convinced that the coal of the future would be generally mined by mechanical methods, not only on account of the saving in the cost of production, but for several other reasons enumerated later. Then began the designing and manufacturing of a machine which would successfully and economically meet the requirements. At that time there were several coal cutting machines on the market, but for one reason or another they had met with only partial success. In developing the Sullivan Coal Cutting Machine, the aim was not to produce a machine the utility of which would be more or less limited and which could only be used under favorable conditions, but one which would work successfully in any place accessible to a pick miner. With between thirty and forty years of experience in the successful manufacture of rock working machinery where the conditions were far more severe than in coal mines, the well-known and tested principles of these machines were brought to bear in designing the coal cutting machinery.

This was the beginning of the Sullivan Pick Machine, and its immediate acceptance alike by the operator and miner was most gratifying. It was only about five years

ago that this new and untried machine was placed on the market, and to-day it stands alone at the head of its class, with a reputation more extensive, and with greater sales to its credit, than machines which have been before the public for nearly a score of years.

The endeavor has been to make the line of manu- o complete that, no matter

irregular the conditions,

a machine could be procurable specially adapted to the requirements.

The company appreciates that the Electric Chain Machine possesses some advantages over the Pick Machine, though its use is more limited, and has therefore designed a radical departure from the existing machines, which is here presented for the first time.

The idea in manufacturing both types of these machines was, primarily, to be placed in a neutral position, in order to candidly advise a prospective purchaser which is preferable and the better suited to existing conditions. The statements made by manufacturers producing only one type of machinery are naturally biased and more or less prejudiced, while the Sullivan Machinerv Company, manufacturer of both types, is enabled to give an unbiased and unprejudiced opinion which should be entitled to the most careful consideration. Generally, upon learning of the contemplated introduction of coal cutting machinery, an expert is sent to make

a complete examination of the property. Practically confined to the making of siich examinations, a great fund of

experience is at hand from which to draw conclusions, and hence this expert opinion is of value and should be a reliable guide to purchasers; but should extraordinary conditions be encountered, where machine mining of any sort woitld be considered impracticable, it will unhesitatingly be so stated.

Managers of pick or hand mines should bear in mind that coal cutting machines offer several more points of advantage than merely a reduction in the cost of the coal on the mine car. In pick mines nearly every employee is a skilled workman requiring several years of experience before being able to perform good work. The use of machines reduces the proportion of this skilled labor and at the same time increases the productive capacity per capita. This means that, for a given tonnage, fewer miners are necessary, resulting in less dissension between employer and employee, a smaller investment for houses, etcetera; in fact, the saving in the number and the cost of houses alone will usually pay for a coal cutting machine plant. Further, in machine worked mines the work is more concentrated, resulting in less area to support, drain and ventilate.

The Sullivan Pick Machine or Puncher has even

siirpassed all expectations as regards sales, efficiency,

durability, and ease of operation. The company is the

pioneer in the introduction of compressed air cushions into

this class of machinery, thus

permitting a harder blow

and accomplishing greater

work with less jar and less

fatigue to the runner. To

one company alone has been

sold over 450 machines, to

several others more than 100 each, and to many others from

10 to 25 machines each. Unless this machine actually

ixceptional merit it could not continue to receive

the patronage of the largest producers of coal in this country ; in several cases the thirtieth repeat order for Sullivan Pick Machines has been received. The Sullivan Shkaring Machine has also made a great name for itself, having proven especially valuable where the coal shoots freely from the solid or where the shearinjj of headings is an important factor. It is simply a pick machine with the valve motion adjusted to strike more rapidly, and is mounted on a truck so arranged that the machine never leaves the mine track, the cutting mechanism being moved in a vertical plane, at the same time fed forward by means of a chain. The Sullivan Electric Chain Machine is practically a long wall machine adapted to the room and pillar system.

It has long been recognized by students of this type of machine that the older makes consume too much time in being moved across the face of the room, and in the consequent necessary setting and re-setting of the jacks; in fact, over fifty per cent, of the time is lost in this way; these machines also require that a great area of top be sustained, making it both hazardous to men and machine to work under the usual roof conditions. In the Sullivan these serious drawbacks have been eliminated, as the machine propels itself across the face, there being no pause in the cutting until the room is finished, and in addition it requires that less than one-half the usual space be maintained between the face of the coal and the props. This machine also possesses other points of unique merit which are discussed later in detail.

The Sullivan Long Wall M departure designed to meet the for such a machine. Until recent wall mining has been little folk this country, but under especial ments a number of mines have late opened on this system, and hence a machine has been built to meet these new conditions.

Herein will be found described the Wilson and Mitchell Automatic Cross-ovER Dumps for the

rapid and economical dumping of mine cars. These devices have been on the market for a long time and ed in nearly every coal producing district 3 country, hence are too well and favor- y known to require any further comment. The Sullivan Diamond Drill for prospectcoal and mineral lands, and the Sullivan CK Drill for mechanically drilling holes through faults or for blasting up bottom and blasting down roof in coal mines, are also discussed briefly in this catalogue, though a special catalogue of these machines may be obtained upon request. In the standard straight line Sullivan Air Compressor the air is compressed in two stages, thus better distributing the strain upon the machine than if the entire compression was done in a single cylinder. Between the two air cylinders an intercooler is placed, by means of which the air during the process of compression is kept at a low temperature, with a consequent economy in the consumption of steam energy. The intake valves in the low pressure air cylinders are opened mechanically, and being of large area insure the cylinder filling quickly with cool air.

About February i, 1901. the company acquired the entire plant and business of the M. C. Bullock Manufacturing Company, of Chicago, Illinois,

who enjoyed an enviable reputation as manufacturers of the Bullock Diamond Drills, Champion Mine Ventilators, and Hoisting and Hauling- Engines. A special catalogue is issued descriptive of these machines, which may be obtained upon request.

The Sullivan Pick Machine

For the Mining of Coal

HE principle of the striking machine or puncher is an

i old one. It is simply a reciprocating engine mounted on wheels and set upon a platform, elevated at the rear end to counteract the recoil of the machine when striking the coal. The runner sits on the platform and clogs the wheels with either foot, at the same time directing the blows of the machine to the proper place. This is the ideal type of coal cutting machine, as it will work successfully in any place accessible to a pick miner, and works equally well either on breast or rib, in cutting around props, or in dislodging such sulphur bands or balls as may occur in the mining. By substituting higher wheels for the low mining wheels, vertical cuts or shearings may be advantageously made, thus constituting it an all-round machine. If many shearings are to be made, the Sullivan Shearing Machine, described on page 35, and which has been especially constructed for this purpose, is highly recommended.

The Sullivan Pick Machine placed on the market some five years ago, while broadly following the old ideas, departed in nearly every detail from the then existing pick machines, so that practically a new principle in coal cutting was originated.

This company was first to recognize the advantages of using compressed air expansively, thus securing greater economy. By adjusting the index lever on the rear cylinder head, the air may be carried at will from one-half to fivesixths of the stroke and then cut off and the balance of the

stroke continued by the expansion of the air. This feature, besides the economy of power, permits of the operation of the machine on a very wide range of pressure, as it works equally well under high or low pressure and at the same time strikes a hard and effective blow. Until the introduction of the Sullivan, all other pick machines protected the cylinder heads from the blow of the piston by means of leather or rubber buffers, which, being imperfectly elastic, only partially served the purpose, and the machine itself had to stand a large porti reason of 1 the blow w; limited, or was sure to the mac! in addition of replac buffers be serious itei pense.

At the only logical of cutting this type of was adopt a s/o2u but

blow, without damage to the machine, was made possible only through the introduction of air cushions. The first Sullivan possessed this unique feature, and the way in which it has been copied by competitors proves that it was and is of especial value. We have observed, in fast-running pick machines, where above igo strokes per minute are delivered, that a large proportion of the blows are struck at random, causing pockets in the rear end of the cut, greatly punishing the runner in throwing him around the board, and retarding the smooth running of the machine, besides which each misdirected blow is a waste of physical and mechanical energy. The Sullivan, having a slow recovery

and a quick forward stroke, allows a pause between each blow, during which the machine may be directed to strike exactly where desired, and the blow being of great force, results in the maximum work being accomplished.

The governing is done upon the back or return stroke, which is so arranged that the machine delivers the same number of blows whether away from or against the coal. In the first machine, the governor was adjusted to reduce the speed of the machine whenever the coal was missed. This was first thought to be an economical arrangement, but it was quickly ascertained that a varying speed seriously affects the running balance of the machine.

The valve motion in the Sullivan is positive, being so constructed that a wide range in the speed may be obtained by moving a pointer on the back of the valve chest. A runner starting a new machine regulates the number of blows by means of this pointer until it suits his individual taste, after which no further adjustment is necessary until another man takes his place. In the Sullivan, the number of blows is absolutely independent of their force, and it is just as easy to secure easy blows as those more rapid or of greater force.

As previously mentioned, the Sullivan Pick Machine contains a valve motion actuated by the piston, which in the event of the pick sticking causes the cylinder to become the reciprocating part, which results in so-called racing" and is somewhat criticised by inexperienced hands. Instead of this feature being detrimental to the machine or its operator, it is one of the factors that have made the Sullivan so eminently successful, as one or two strokes of the machine is all that is necessary to free the pick, no matter how tightly wedged into the coal, while with the others it is often necessary to loosen the machine with a hand pick. Further, the positive movement is taken advantage of by skilled cutters, as it saves a great many of the heavy lifts with the other machines, and after a miner once becomes accustomed to the Sullivan he is unwilling to use any other pick machine. Pick machines having independent valve motions are subject

to heavy recoils or kicking in. the event of the pick becoming stuck, however slightly, in the coal. Under these conditions, the valve motion continues at a uniform rate of speed, admitting air into the cylinder for the forward stroke before the return stroke has been completed, thus resulting in a weak blow accompanied by a heavy recoil.

The Sullivan machine is made so that it may exhaust on either or both sides at pleasure, thus permitting the slack shoveler or scraper to work either right or left handed without being annoyed by the vapor from the exhaust.

The machine contains no front bushing in the trunk or sleeve to guide the piston and to keep it from turning, but instead the trunk itself is babbitted and when worn out may be rebabbitted at a trifling expense. The number of moving parts in this machine is few, and they are made so as to present large wearing surfaces, provision being made for taking up all wear, thus reducing to a minimum the cost of repairs. All joints are scraped or ground so that no gaskets of any kind are required to make them tight.

A table is given on page pp showing the compressed air rcquirevtents of from one to forty Sullivan Pick Machines.

]

ft

List of Paris of Sullivan Pick Machine as shown in Sectional View on opposite page

XlOO Piston (bare)

XlOl Piston ring (4)

X102 Piston ring spring (2)

X103 Set screw for X104

X104 Rifle nut

X105 Rifle bar with gear

X106 Seat for X 1 09

X107 Spring pointer for X108

X108 Stem for adjusting X106

X109 Reverse valve

XI 10 Valve plate

Xlll Cover over XllO

X113 Handle (2)

X113 Spiral spring for X115

XI 14 Regulating valve

X115 Index lever for X114

X116 Head (bare) for X127

XI 17 Packing leather (large) for

XI 18 Ring for XI 17

XI 19 Cap screw 5>4 in. long (2)

X120 Binding screw for X118 and X122 (2)

X121 Ring for X122

X122 Packing leather (small) for

X123 Valve (piston)

X124 Buffer for X123

X125 Cap screw in. long (2)

X126 Valve (flat)

X127 Steam chest (bare)

XI 28 Cap screw in. long (2)

X129 Plug in top of X132

X130 Check valve with nut

X131 Spiral spring for X130

X132 Holder for X130

X133 Packing leather for X130

X134 Plug for oil hole

X135 Pick

X136 Chuck

X137 Head (front) for X142 (bare)

X138 Bolt (4) for X137 and Xlll

X139 Bushing in X137

X140 Packing leather for XlOO

X141 Collar for X140

X142 Cylinder (bare)

X143 Wheel (2)

X144 Trunnion (2) for X143

X145 Washer with pin (2) for X144

X146 Clevis bolt (2) for X112

X147 Drift key for backing out pick

The 7iuinbers of parts here shown are for identification only.

When ordering repair parts, the number stamped or cast on part should be given and the class number and letter of the machine should also accompany order.

List Sullivan Pick Machine

Clas Number

Letter

Undercut feet

We'Khl

Code Word with

Regular

Equipment

Tt

4H

5K

eoo

Hitlidion

Tt

1 i'A

Halidilo

Ts

' m

Halidome

Tu

5>i

Halidux

Tu

'' 5-4

Sfi

Haligado

Tu

Ha/fgam

The following equipment is furnished with each machir

Long One throttle

Shovel One drift key for backing out pick

One monkey wrench One hand oil can One hand hammer One foot clog One long handle scraper's shovel

In addition each plant is furnished with a complete set of solid wrenches.

List Standard Mining Wheels

Diameter Code Word

inches " for Pair

112 Halibutt

13 . . . . . . . Halicaba

15 . . . . . . . Halical

17 . . . . . . . Halicare

List Standard Shearing Wheels

Diameter Code Word

inches for Pair

29 . Haliban

34 . Halibio

40 . . . . . . . Haliborc

The SuLLivAX Air Host; is thoroughly reliable, and unless specially ordered is furnished in 50-foot lengths ; for the sake of greater flexibility no wire or marline winding Is tised, though hose with either of these windings is stipplied when desired.

Code word . Haligig

Sullivan Picks are made of a high grade of domestic steel which has been found to give the best results in maintaining the cutting edge, and as they are drop forged in hardened dies, perfect uniformity results and the shank always accurately fits the chuck or extension. A dozen or more picks are usually required for each machine.

Code word . Haligusk

To move pick machines from place to place within a mine a light track is necessary, which is furnished at extra cost upon request.

In ordering, give gauge of track.

Code word Halimato

rhe

u 11 I'D an

S hear in

'S

Machine

F r

h t

S h

ear

i n g

'f

C ,

t I

T has been ascertained that in t many mines . where the coal shoots freely from the solid, a vertical cut or ' shearing in the center or near the rib is productive of as miich coarse coal as if the room or heading had been undercut. Under such conditions the Sullivan Shearing ilachine is a decided success, as it will produce nearly double the tonnage of any undercutting machine. It is in effect a Sullivan Pick Machine adjusted to strike more rapidly, and is mounted on a truck conforming to the gauge of the mine track and so arranged that the cutting tool may be moved in a vertical plane. The machine is provided with two sets of wheels, one set fitted on a long base, to be used during the process of cutting, thus securing stability to the machine, the second set on a short base, so that in moving the machine sharp curves may readily be turned. Changes from one set of wheels to the other may be quicklymade, the movement of two eccentrics being all that is necessary. To hold the machine in place when working, the first section of track, which is always carried with the machine and upon which it works, is fastened by means of a jack into the roof. Parallel to the rail and fastened to it at both ends is a chain which engages in a sprocket operated from above by a crank handle, and by this means the machine is kept up against the work. The runner stands on the platform of the machine and with the crank handle in his right

hand moves the cutting tool upward or downward, and with another crank handle in his left hand feeds the machine forward as the cut advances.

As will be noticed, the Sullivan Shearing Machine absorbs within itself all the recoil and shock of the blow, and hence the runner is not punished nearly as much as with the pick machine mounted on shearing wheels. Cutting records of from seven to eight shearings seven feet deep, in coal six and one-half to seven feet in height, have been made in a shift. The machine is simple in construction and possesses all the valuable features of the pick machine, and there are no weak parts to cause trouble and expense. It is made to conform to the regular gauge of the mine track, and will produce cuts from five to eight feet in depth. The same equipment is furnished as with the Sullivan Pick Machine.

In ordering, or requesting information, please give the heiofht of the coal and the ofauofe of mine track.

List Sullivan Sheari

ng

Machines

Depth of Cut feet

Code Word

Halimeder

Halimena

Halimesst

Halt? flint II

Haliniish

Halimisco

Halimizen

:>i

HAULAGE has too frequently been made the governing issue in the selection of a power plant for coal cutting and haulage. Traction haulage is usually a satisfactory investment if the hauls are long and grades favorable, but it rarely shows the economies made possible by the use of coal cutting machines. Many cases may be cited where electric plants have been installed because electric traction haulage was desirable, when the conditions were adverse to electric chain machine mining and entirely favorable to compressed air pick machines. In almost every instance machine mining is more important than mechanical haulage. A number of large operators combine the two kinds of power, using electricity for battling and compressed air for mining the coal.

"1!

The Sullivan Electric Chain Machine

For the Mining of Coal

LL persons who have made a thorough investigation of coal cutting machinery have ascertained thai electric chain machines possess greater cutting eiKciency than pick - machines under e specia 11 y f a\'or able conditions, but on account of the length and heavy construction of the older makes of chain machines the number of districts in which they could be used to advantage was found to be few, henee a great majority of the machine worked mines of this country have been equipped with pick machines, owing to their all-round character and general applicability. The older makes of chain machines are from ten to twelve feet in length, dependent upon the depth of the undercut, thus requiring a great area of roof to be kept up, which, in general, cannot be sustained without serious danger both to machines and operators. The loaders in following these machines have logically objected to the distance over which they have had to handle the debris or dirt from the coal, or the draw slate from the roof which -frequently comes down with the coal as it is blasted. As the loaders constitute a majority of the workmen in machine mines, their contentment is of vital importance, and experience has proven that during shortages of labor the chain machine mine managers find difficulty in securing enough loaders, while the pick machine mines are abundantly supplied.

It has been noticed that in the old styles of chain machines only a small portion of the working time is actually consumed in cutting, the balance of the time being consumed in withdrawing the machine from the cut, setting and re-setting the jacks by which the machine is held in place, barring the machine across the face into its next position, etcetera. These conditions not only waste valuable time but contribute other adverse features as well, for unless great care is exercised the cuts will be put in at different heights, thus making an uneven floor and leaving bottom coal to be lifted; besides, frequently a rib is left between the cuts," making the coal as difficult to excavate as if it had not been undermined. These machines being fixed rigidly in place, are unable to follow any irregularities in the bottom of the coal, and the rear jack piercing the roof at regular intervals is often a cause of serious accidents by bringing down the roof.

When starting to develop the Sullivan Electric Chain Machine it was evident that while it could not be expected to attain the all-round characteristics of the Sullivan Pick Machine, still it was believed that many of the serious drawbacks of the older chain machines could be remedied, and thus broaden the field for this particular class of machine. After the expenditure of a great deal of time and money in experimenting and in trying the machine under all sorts of conditions, it may be safely announced to the coal mining craft that the Sullivan Electric Chain Machine is certainly worthy of serious consideration, as it possesses many features of merit, exceptional and unique.

The machine itself makes the first or ''tight" cut in practically the same manner as other chain machines, except that the feeding is done by means of a chain instead of a rack and pinion. After the first cut is finished the back end of the frame or pan is detached, the feed chain is anchored in the opposite corner of the room, and the machine then is started at cutting sideways across the room, not stopping until the breast is completely undermined. There being no pause in the cutting after the machine has once started across the breast, it is manifest that the machine has greater

efficiency than any other room and pillar machine. As the rear end of the frame or pan is detached, the machine will work in about machines between the face and the props, thus it can be used successfully in many cases where tl machines cannot be used with safety.

Dispensinjj with the telescopic frame of the other chain machines makes the Sullivan lighter, and as it is loaded upon and unloaded from the trtick by power, moves itself into place and across the face without the use of crow-bars, it is much easier on the men than any other machine of like principle.

Cutting sideways continuously across the face of the room or heading, no "ribs" can possibly be left in the mining, hence the coal is always in a satisfactor}- condition for blasting. It has been ascertained that the machine will closely follow the line or plane of the feed chain; thus by elevating or depressing the feed chain all irregularities in the bottom may be avoided and quite steep grades climbed. The machine cutting practically on the bottom leaves no bottom coal for the loaders to lift, and, avoiding the irregtilarities in the floor, reduces the strain upon the machine, at the same time lessening the liability of loading dirty coal, all of which are usually incident to the long chain machines operating in an irregular seam.

From the loader's standpoint the Sullivan Electric Chain Machine is a great improvement over the older makes of chain machines, as the floor is left smooth, the debris has only to be thrown back a short distance and there is no bottom coal to be lifted.

For this machine an entirely new cutter chain has been designed, in which the cutters are set opposite, in pairs, the core or center being broken out bv rakers. This arrangement not only results in coarser coal from the cut, but also a

greater eccnomy in the consumption of power than if the bits or cutters were put in alternately or staggered. Furthermore, fewer cutters or bits are used, and as the adjustment of one set-screw fastens two bits, the operation of changing bits is of small moment.

In order to obviate breakage of the cutter chain when sulphur or other hard substances are encountered, a friction clutch is employed which slips when an unusual 'strain is brought upon the cutter chain. This does away with the safety washers of the old chain machines, which are usually ordered by the barrel.

The electric motor used is a four-pole shunt wound machine of consequent polar type with vertical armature. In the design of this motor special attention has been given to the proper lubrication of the bearings. The armature is of the "iron-clad" type, the coils being '*form wound," grouped and embedded in the slots of the armature core. This construction enables the use of ample insulation of the best quality and insures freedom from the aggravating burnouts so common with the motors of the older makes of chain machines. The commutator is of liberal dimensions, and carbon brushes are employed; the frame is of such shape that falling material cannot enter the motor, while access to the commutator and brushes, as well as ventilation, is afforded by large openings in the sides which are provided with removable perforated covers.

A convenient controller is provided, by means of which the motor may be started gradually and operated continuously at various speeds, and the reverse lever is so arranged that it can be operated only when the armature is at a standstill. The motors are built for 220, 250 and 500 volts direct current and the machine made to undercut 5, 6 or 6}4 feet.

In ordering, give height of coal, depth of undercut desired, voltage of current and gauge of mine track.

Si

The following equipment is furnished with each Sullivan Electric Chain Machine :

1 standard truck for machine

1 reel containing 800 feet duplex waterproof cable

1 tool box with padlock and two keys

1 crank for motor

1 crank for reel

1 hand hammer

1 flat file

1 round nose chisel

1 screw driver

1 hand oil can

1 12-inch monkey wrench

1 set solid wrenches 24 cutter bits

4 guide bits

8 raker bits

3 extra inside chain links

3 extra blank chain links

3 extra outside chain links

2 extra raker chain links

4 extra inside clamp bolts 4 extra outside clamp bolts

9 extra chain pins 1 pair cutter bit tongs 1 punch for driving pins 1 swivel hook 6 contact buttons

4 cable hooks

5 wire nipples

5 feet fuse wire

8 carbon brushes 1 hand tool box

6 change gears

1 set gauges for setting bits 1 front anchor

1 back pan anchor

2 back anchors 1 take-up rig

1 slack hoe

1 scraper

2 crowbars 1 jack

1 skid

1 lot waste

List Sullivan Electric Chain Machines

Code Word

220 . . . . 5

Halobato

5

Halobessi

5

Halobix

Halobode

Halocarte

Halocesa

Halocions

61

Halocipp

6>4

Halocomo

lit

f

'111

The Sullivan Long Wall Machine For the Mining of Coal

I HE lonjT wall system of mining is particularly well adapted to coal cutting machinery, as the machine "may travel continuously along the face of the coal and is rarely moved to another portion of the mine; this greatly increases the cutting efficiency, as the time may be utilized in the performance of work which would otherwise be consumed in moving the machine from place to place in a room and pillar mine.

The long wall system has reached its zenith in Great Britain and in Continental Europe, being, so it is said, more generally followed than the room and pillar system ; long wall mining has, however, been little followed in this country, no doubt for especial reasons, but recently a number of new mines have been opened on this system.

To satisfy the growing demand for a long wall mining machine, the Electric Chain Machine illustrated and described in the preceding pages has been modified to successfully meet the new conditions. The machine itself differs slightly from the Electric Chain Machine, the principal difference being that the cutter bar is placed at right angles to the main portion of the machine, and is so arranged that it may be swung in line with the machine when it is desired to load the latter onto a truck in order to move it to some other portion of the mine. The swinging movement of the cutter

bar may, if desired, also be taken advantage of during the process of changing bits.

As will be noticed from the illustrations, the machine slides along the floor of the mine on a sheet steel shoe, and requires no heavy and cumbersome rails, used with the other makes of long wall machines; it will work in little space both as regards height and distance between face and props. The advance or feed of the machine is effected by a driving sprocket engaging with a chain securely fastened some distance ahead of the machine, and stretched parallel to the face of the coal. As the machine advances, the slack in the chain is taken up by the back chain ; in other words, the chain is in one continuous piece, and as the machine advances, the slack is fed out at the rear end, by means of which the machine is always kept up to its work and at the proper angle to the face of the coal. Should it be necessary to alter the angle of the machine with the face of the coal, the tension on the chain may be changed by the ratchet at the back end of the chain and the machine made to assume any desired angle with the face. This machine is driven by electricity, and, with the exception of changes mentioned, otherwise conforms to the Electric Chain Machine. The motors are wound for 220, 250 and 500 volts direct current and the machines are built to undercut up to five feet deep.

In ordering, give height of coal, depth of undercut desired, voltage of current and gauge of mine track.

List Sullivan Long Wall Machines

Voltage Depth of

of Motor Undercut Code Word

feet

2 20 . . . .3 . . Halofag

. Halofette

Halofird

Haloform

3/2

Halofugel

2>%

. Halogada

. Halogaff

Halogamos

Halogecon

aVz

Halogego

aVz

Hologida

4'

Halogoss

Halogiiter

Halojade

Halojepta

Code liords Pertaining to Coal Mines

Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa Coa

1 1 feet o

inches

ght

1 6 inches in height

1 8 inches in height

20 inches in height

22 inches in height 2 feet o inches in hei 2 feet 3 inches in height 2 feet 6 inches in hei

2 feet 9 inches in height

3 feet o inches in height 3 feet 3 inches in height 3 feet 6 inches in height

3 feet 9 inches in he

4 feet o inches in hei

4 feet 6 inches in height

5 feet o inches in height

5 feet 6 inches in height

6 feet o inches in height

7 feet o inches in height

8 feet o inches in height

9 feet o inches in height 10 feet o inches in height

in he

ght eht

o-ht

12 feet o inches in height

Gauge of track 18 inches Gauge of track 19 inches Gauge of track 20 inches Gauge of track 2 1 inches Gauge of track 22 inches Gauge of track 23 inches Gauge of track 24 inches

Code Word

Halojion

Halojote

Halojujio

Halokapo

Halokegafi

Halokicht

Halokoger

Halokori

Halokucro

Halolatch

Haloleda

Halologic

Halohibi

Halomalo

Halomaras

Halomesm

Halometer .

Halomizen

Halomoki

Halomug

Haloogan

Haloop

Halootax

Haloozero

Halopan

Halopeggi

Halopit

Haloporen

Halopuber

il

Gauge of track 26 inches . Gauge of track 28 inches . Gauge of track 30 inches . Gauge of track 32 inches . Gauge of track 34 inches . Gauge of track 36 inches . Gauge of track 38 inches . Gauge of track 40 inches . Gauge of track 42 inches . Gauge of track 44 inches . Gauge of track 46 inches . Gauge of track 48 inches . Mining done in coal . Mining done in clay beneath coal

Mining done in

Vein level Pitch of vein i degree Pitch of vein 2 degrees . Pitch of vein 3 degrees . Pitch of vein 4 degrees . Pitch of vein 5 degrees . Pitch of vein 6 degrees . Pitch of vein 7 degrees . Pitch of vein 8 degrees . Pitch of vein 9 degrees . Pitch of vein 10 degrees . Pitch of vein 12 degrees . Pitch of vein 15 degrees . Pitch in favor of load Pitch against load Pitch irregular . Plant to produce 100 tons per day

Code Word

Haloquail

Haloquern

Haloqiiox

Halorapo

Halorefer

Halorioiis

Halorfio

Halorgan

Halorhein

Halorian

Halorilla

Halorjah

Halorodox

Haloruato

Halosach

Halosein

Halosell

Halosetro

Halosisco

Halosolio

Halosugio

Halotage

Halotedar

Halotesen

Halothar

Halotilla

Halotjam

Halotmo

Halotness

Halotoro

Halotpare

Halotque

Plant to produce 150 tons Plant to produce 200 tons Plant to produce 250 tons Plant to produce 300 tons Plant to produce 350 tons Plant to produce 400 tons Plant to produce 500 tons Plant to produce 600 tons Plant to produce 800 tons Plant to produce 1000 tons Plant to produce 1500 tons Plant to produce 2000 tons Plant to produce 2500 tons Plant to produce 3000 tons Single shift Double shift Mine run coal . Coal over ij-inch screen Coal over ij-inch screen

per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day per day

Code Word

Halosane

Halouser

Halorat

Haloramog

Halorester

Haloricat

Halorotro

Halowaca

Halowaggo

Halowasi

Halozveen

Halowelor

Halowjord

Halowoba

Halozvousa

Halozaka

Halozeil

Haloziera

Halozolo

Relative Cost of Machine and Hand or Pick Mining

For the purpose of showing the saving in machine mining over pick or hand mining, the following pages contain the official mining scales of the chief coal-producing States of this country. In West Virginia, with few exceptions, and in most of the Southern States, the wage settlement with the miners is based on bulk measurement instead of weight, and as the contents of the mine cars vary with nearly every mine, it is impossible to tabulate the different mining scales in these States.

Where no scale is shown it is customary to allow one-eighth of the pick rate for cutting and scraping with the chain machine, and one-fifth for the pick machine, sixty per cent, of which goes to the cutter and forty per cent, to the scraper, the loader following either of these machines being allowed one-half of the pick rate, with an additional allowance of about three cents per ton if the holes for blasting are drilled by hand.

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The Sullivan Straight Line Air Compressor

This Type Designated as Class Wl

compressor is

he familiar

ontal straight

type, and is

)ped with a

le steam cylin-

ind compound

cylinders, all

ontained and

I strong cast

iron bed plate.

The steam cylinder is fitted with the Meyer adjustable

cut-off valve gear, which may be adjusted at will when the

machine is running by turning an easily accessible hand

wheel, the position of the cut-off being indicated by a pointer.

To start the compressor slowly, it is usual to set the cut-off

so that the pressure is carried nearly throughout the full

stroke; the fly-wheels are then turned by the hand-starting

device, and the throttle gradually opened until the machine

is under full motion, when the cut-off is run back to the

point desired. The steam cylinder is thoroughly covered

with a suitable non-conductor of heat, which is enclosed in a

neat sheet steel lagging, and little steam energy is lost by

radiation.

The air is compressed in two stages, with an intercooler placed between the two air cylinders; the positions of the air cylinders being the reverse of those found in most machines of this type. The high pressure cylinder is placed on the extreme end of the frame, the low pressure cylinder between it and the steam cylinder. This arrangement offers several advantages ; for instance, the large piston rod passes through the large cylinder and the small piston rod through the small cylinder. With the small rod passing through the high

pressure cylinder head, larger valves may be used in this head, as there is more space left between the rod and the bore of the cylinder. Further, there is but one stuffing box exposed to high pressure instead of two. It allows the air discharge pipe to be led away from the machine at the extreme end, doing away with the necessity of cutting out a passage through the foundation for the accommodation of this pipe, which would result in structural weakness at that point.

The fly-wheels are placed at the other extreme end of the, frame, rendering all parts of the machine more accessible than if the fly-wheels were placed between the steam and high pressure air cylinders.

The inlet valves of the low pressure air cylinder are mechanically and noiselessly operated, and being of liberal area, insure the cylinder filling completely even when the compressor is run at great speed.

Each compressor is provided with a combined speed and pressure regulator, perfectly governing all variations in speed and pressure. These machines are very carefully and intelligently designed, thus run in better balance than other compressors of similar type, and as they are constructed of the best materials obtainable, show a remarkable freedom from breakage and wear.

If interested in air compressors send for the special catalogue on the subject.

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Detailed Description of the Sullivan Straight Line Air Compressor

This Type Designated as Class fV B

THE frame is a heavy box-shaped casting, strongly ribbed and provided with a solid bottom under the steam end for collecting oil and drippings from the steam cylinder, crosshead, guides and steam valve gear ; the bottom contains an opening for draining. The top of the frame is made level with the center line of the piston rods, which prevents the bending strains when the centers of the piston rods are above the top of the frame.

true circle; all ports and passages for live and exhaust steam are of ample size to give a minimum frictional resistance. The steam distribution is regulated by a Meyer adjustable valve gear, having a wide range of action, the adjustment being easily and quickly made by a hand wheel, even when the machine is in motion. The cylinder drain cocks are of a special pattern and can be opened or closed like an ordinary globe valve, but which will automatically open under an excess of pressure due to water in the cylinder.

The air cylinders are made of hard, close-grained iron, cast in a dry sand mold, the water jacket being formed hy a separate lining forced into the main cylinder. Cylinders cast in one piece, with the water jacket space "cored" out, usually contain shrinkage strains, which are avoided by inserting the separate lining to form the jacket space. Openings are provided for draining the jackets and for washing them out.

The intercooler is a casting mounted upon the two air cylinders and is provided with a suitable number of copper tubes through which the cooling water circulates. The tube ends are made tight by suitable packing, held in place by brass ferules. The ferules are not screwed in, but are forced against the packing by means of brass binder plates held in place by the outside head. Instead of the air passing once through the intercooler, as is the usual practice, it is compelled, by means of suitable baffling plates, to traverse it three times before arriving at the high pressure cylinder.

Through this arrangement the air is brought into more intimate contact with the cooling surfaces, and is given a longer time in which to reduce its temperature. The jacket water first passes through the low pressure cylinder, and thence traverses three times the intercooler tubes, and leaves the machine at the top of the intercooler shell. By this system of circulation, all danger is avoided of the accumulation of air in the water spaces. As nearly all the heat due to compression is absorbed in the intercooler, the rise in temperature of the circtilating water in passing through the cylinder jackets before its arrival at the intercooler is insignificant.

The inlet valves on the low pressure air cylinder are mechanically operated by means of a suitably formed cam, rigidly attached to the crank pin, and giving to cast steel yokes, to which the outer ends of the valve spindles are joined, an intermittent reciprocating motion. The action of this mechanism is to apply spring pressure to open the valve immediately at the beginning of the stroke, and to close the valve immediately at the end of the stroke, while in the intervening time between opening and closing, the valves remain stationary. All parts of this mechanism are made as light as possible consistent with proper strength, to reduce the effect of mo- . mentum and to minimize wear on the cam and roll; the yokes are easily removable by loosening two nuts on the yoke-rods and quick

access to the obtained.

The in valves on the pressure air cy der are madt the best selec forged steel, the stems dri out to redi weight, the guiding the V halves and of

The valves am

fitted and ground together, the seat being made of a ring of hard composition. The inner ends of the valves are made in such a form that the shock produced by sudden closing is widely distributed through the metal at the junction of the head and the stem. In poppet valves, as commonly constructed, breakage at this point is largely due to the heavy, solid stems, the momentum of which, at the instant of closing, produces strains which cause crystallization and eventually rupture occurs. To guard against the danger of the \'alve being drawn into the cylinder in the event of breakage, guard plates are often placed on the inner side of the cylinder head. This arrangement necessitates large pockets for the valves to work in, and these pockets add greatly to the clearance. By the peculiar construction of the valves in the Sullivan compressor, the guard plates and their accompanying evil of large clearance spaces are entirely hrough the cages of the inlet valve are free from obstruction wings and ribs, giving a very free opening through which the incoming air may enter the cylinder.

The high pressure inlet

alves are similar in form and inlet Vaiv

ruction to the low pressure Pressure A

air valves, but instead of ob- Cylinders ig their movement mechani- , are opened and closed by iressure of the air.

The discharge valves are made ai, oisehi e best selected steel, of cup- vaives ;d form, and are internally jd on an extension of the

Pressure Air Cylinder . , , . . ,

valve plug with the springs inside, thus being fully protected from dirt. In valves which are guided externally, the oil and dirt forms a hard crust on the outside and causes difficulty in removing the valve.

Air is drawn into the machine through a conduit con- AirCundu nected with a box leading from a suitable point outside the building and passing beneath the engine room floor. This conduit, which is supplied with the compressor, is provided at its upper end with a rectangular flange which bolts to the low pressure cylinder. There are no inaccessible air passages through the foundation, with wooden pieces difficult to fit to the irregular shape of the cylinder and heads and liable from their location to permit dirt and warm air to be drawn in through carelessly fitted joints.

Air and steam pistons are accurately fitted to the bore Air and of the cylinder, and provided with spring-ring packing and steam pis secured to the rod by means of taper fits and lock nuts, the piston rods being made of the best forty-carbon hammered steel.

The crosshead is an open hearth steel casting of ample crosshead size and strength to insure against breakage. It has a swivel pin connection to the piston rods, and is provided with a practical and satisfactory " take-up " for the wear on this pin. It is impossible for the crosshead to get out of order, as there is no complication

Air Discharge 89 V.1,.

of split pins, wedges or other devices to stick and thus defeat the object of swiveling and cause unequal strains on the connecting rods. The surfaces of the crosshead in contact with the guides are provided with brass shoes.

" ° the rims being turned smooth and round. Steam The sHdc valves in the steam cylinder are balanced and

oiar operated by two eccentrics on the crank shaft between the main bearings, the main and cut-off eccentrics and adjustable link boxes being made alike. The rocker arms to which the valve rods are connected are made of open hearth steel castings, the lower ends of which are bushed with hard brass liners. Crank Crank pins and sh

The crank shaft bei Shaft castings, recessed for 1 earmgs three pieces. The are adjustable for wea: of a wedge moved by . the top of the main bea' The side pieces may be without disturbing the shaft; the bottom piece moved by raising the f wheels about one-half in normal position. This permits of quick and e: examination of the m in case of overheating. The governor is of gal ball throttling type,

90 Combined

Speed and

Regulator

cylinder which places the governor valve under the influence of the air receiver pressure. Ordinarily, the governor varies the speed of the compressor to suit the demand for air, the centrifugal balls preventing the compressor from exceeding a safe speed. The governor belt is run from a pulley to the outer end of the crank pin. When this pulley is located on the shaft between the fly-wheels, the belt becomes covered with oil from the main bearings, which, besides causing it to slip on the pulley, soon ruins the belt.

On one side of the machine and within convenient reach of the throttle is placed a lever operating, through suitable connections, a pawl on one of the fly-wheels, for turning the machine by hand. The lever may be removed from its socket after the compressor has started, and the pawl automatically clears itself from the wheel.

All of the cylinders are provided with suitable sight-feed lubricators; the crank pins are fitted with pendulum oilers with stationary cups. All important bearings are fitted with sight-feed oil cups.

With each compressor, in addition to a blue print showing foundation required, the following fittings are furnished:

One combined speed and pressure regulator.

One yoke-throttle valve with flange connection.

One complete set of foundation bolts, nuts and washers.

One complete set solid wrenches.

One complete set of piston and valve rod packing.

One complete set of lubricators for steam and air cylinders.

One complete set of cylinder drain cocks.

Sight-feed oil cups for all bearings.

Combined Speed and Pressure Regulator

Hand

starting

Device

Lubricators and Oilers

Fittings

Sullivan Straight L,tne Air Compressor

This Type B e sign at e d as Class WA

THE Sullivan Straight Line Air Compressor, Class WA, with simple steam and air cylinders, has been designed to meet the conditions where low cost is considered more important than efficiency and economy of operation. This compressor is identical with the Class W B Compressor previously described in this catalogue, except that the frame is shorter and the high pressure air cylinder and intercooler are dispensed with, the air being compressed up to its final pressure in a single cylinder.

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Data Required for Air Compressors

WHEN writing for prices or other information pertaining to air compressors, the following data should be furnished:

1. Volume of free air per minute required.

2. Working air pressure.

3. Number, size and kind of machines to be operated by the compressed air.

4. If for pumping, give make, size and speed of pump, and height to which water must be delivered.

5. Altitude, if over 1,000 feet above sea level.

6. If for steam-actuated compressor, give working steam pressure.

7. If for belt or gear driven compressor, give power available, diameter of driving pulley or gear, etcetera.

8. Any design of compressor preferred.

The more full the information regarding the special conditions under which the compressor is to be operated, the more closely can be determined the type of machine which will best meet the requirements of the case.

Other T y pes and Designs of Compressors Manufactured

IN addition to the Straight Line Steam Driven Air Compressor, the company constructs machines of this type driven by belt or gears, using whatever power may be available, electricity, gas or water power.

Also a full line of Duplex Air Compressors having all possible variations in design are made, viz. :

Simple steam with simple air cylinders.

Simple steam with cross-compound air cylinders.

Cross-compound steam with simple air cylinders.

Cross-compound steam with cross-compound air cylinders.

The steam cylinders are fitted with Meyer adjustable cut-off, balanced, or Corliss valve gear as desired, to be run condensing or non-condensing in case of compounding.

The special Air Compressor Catalogue fully illustrates and describes these different designs, and a copy will be furnished upon request.

Efficiency of Air Compressors

From H i s c x' s Compressed Air''

A density of the atmosphere decreases with the AA altitude, a compressor located at a high altitude takes in less air at each revolution; that is to say, the air is taken in at a lower pressure; hence the early part of each stroke is occupied in compressing the air from the lower density up to the normal sea level pressure of 14.7 pounds, and the volumetric capacity of the air cylinder is correspondingly diminished. The power required to drive the same compressor is also less than at sea level, but the decrease in power required is not in as great a ratio as the reduction in capacity. Therefore, compressors to be used at high altitudes should have the steam and air cylinders properly proportioned to meet the varying conditions at different altitudes. The compressor friction and leakage losses are a constant quantity.

It is apparent that the more dense the air when drawn into the compressor cylinder, the sooner the desired pressure is reached in terms of the cylinder stroke, and, on the contrary, the lighter or less dense the air is at the intake, the smaller will be the volume at the desired pressure, or, the pressure is reached at a later point in the stroke.

air temperature at high levels is on the average lower than at sea level throughout the year, which slightly increases the density due to the height alone; so that the volumetric efficiency may be somewhat higher than is due to barometric pressure alone.

decreased power required by a compressor due to elevation varies from 60 to 56 per cent, of the loss of capacity."

Efficiency of Compressors at Different Altitudes From H i s c X ' s Compressed Air''

Altitude in Feet

Barometric Pressure

Volumetric Efficiency of Compressor Per Cent.

Loss of Capacity Per Cent.

Decreased

Power Per Cent.

Inches Mercury

Pounds per Square Inch

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

7;000

8-000

. , 9,000

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'/ 13,000

14,000

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15,000

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Horse Power Required to Compress lOO Cubic Feet of Free Air to Various Pressures

Saving, Two Stage over

Gauge Pressures

Single Stage Compression

Single Stage

Two Stages

Horse Power

Per Cent.

1.59 11.95

1.68 12.03

1.78 12.18

2.01 12.71

2.14 , 13.06

2.46 14.09

2.65 14.73

Table showing Cubic Feet of Free Air Required to Run from One to Forty Machines

Amount Free Air Per Minute

Rock Drills

Pick Coal Machines

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Tr an s mi s s ion of Compr e s s ed Air

In order to determine the proper size of pipes to carry a certain flow of compressed air, there will be found in the following pages four tables showing the loss due to friction in pipes one hundred feet in length, with different diameters of pipes and volumes of air, the initial pressure being 60, 75, 90 and 100 pounds gauge pressure respectively. To ascertain what the terminal loss in pressure would amount to in a given case, turn to the table corresponding to the initial pressure, and determine what the loss would be in a pipe one hundred feet long; then multiply the loss in pressure found in the table, by the length of the pipe in units of one hundred feet, and the result will be the terminal loss in pressure. For example, suppose it is desired to find the loss in pressure due to friction in a 4-inch pipe 1200 feet long, carrying 1000 cubic feet free air compressed to an initial gauge pressure of 75 pounds per square inch. By referring to the table on page 103 the loss in 100 feet of pipe is .36 pounds; multiplying this factor by 12 gives a loss of 4.32 pounds for the entire length of the pipe, or a terminal gauge reading of 70.68 pounds.

To cause the air to flow through pipes there must be some reduction in the pressure at the discharging point, but how greatly to restrict this loss in pressure is a question of business economy, as almost any amount of mechanical efficiency may be obtained, but possibly with an extravagant expenditure for pipe. It is therefore necessary to understand the local conditions as to cost of fuel, labor, etcetera, on one hand, and the cost of pipe on the other hand, before a definite opinion can be given on this subject.

Loss of pressure should not be confounded with a loss of power, as there is nearly a corresponding increase in volume with a reduction in the pressure, and hence the loss in energy is much smaller than the tables seem to indicate. Richards, in Compressed Air," on this subject has the following to say:

*'With pipes of proper size, and in good condition, air may be transmitted, say, ten miles, with a loss of pressure of less than i pound per mile. If the air were at 80 pounds gauge, or 95 pounds absolute, upon entering the pipe, and 70 pounds gauge, or 85 pounds absolute, at the other end, there would be a loss of a little more than 10 per cent, in absolute pressure, but at the same time there would be an increase of volume of 11 per cent, to compensate for the loss of pressure, and the loss of available power would be less than 3 per cent. With higher pressures still more favorable results could be shown."

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N erroneous idea sometimes exists that an air receiver acts as a reservoir of power so that in case the compressor is tem- ;alled upon to deliver :an produce, the storage the receiver will supply A. receiver for this purpose would be large and costly, and the money so invested could be more judiciously used in purchasing a compressor large enoiigh to meet its greatest demands.

Receivers of ordinary size have several functions to perform, in equalizing the pulsations in the air coming from the compressor, in collecting the water and grease which the air carries in suspension, and in reducing the friction of the air within the pipe system. It is customary to place a receiver within a few feet of the compressor, which serves principally to equalize the pulsations of the air due to the action of the compressor, the air coming to the receiver intermittently and leaving it in a steady flow. A second receiver should be placed near where the air is to be used, the air is cooled in passing to it through the pipes, and the water carried in suspension precipitated and drained into this receiver, and emptied at intervals by opening a valve, or discharged automatically through a suitable trap. An arrangement of this sort insures dry air for the machines, and hence all danger of freezing is obviated.

The Sullivan Air Receivers

Sullivan Receivers are made of homogeneous steel of 60,000 pounds tensile strength, one sheet being used for the smaller sizes and two or more sheets for the larger sizes. The girth seams are single and the side seams double riveted, and the receiver is thoroughly tested and made tight under 150 pounds cold-water pressure. manhole is provided, and the inlet and discharge pipes are connected by flanges.

Diameter in inches

Length in feet

Thickness of Shell in inches

Thickness of Heads in inches

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Sullivan and Bullock Diamond Prospecting Drills

For Rapid and Economical Prospecting of Coal and Mineral Lands

T is now a well established fact that the only reliable and satisfactory way of drilling prospect holes is i by ' means of a dia- r mond core drill . L Other methods of prospecting, where the churn drill process is used, are absolutely valueless so far as reliable results are concerned. Many instances might be cited where sums of from one thousand to twenty-five thousand dollars have been thrown away in sinking shafts for coal on records furnished by churn drills, the supposed vein of coal proving to be a black bituminous shale; it is impossible to accurately determine with the churn drill the difference between coal and black slate, or shale if highly carboniferous.

The diamond drill bores a perfectly straight smooth hole to any depth, or in any given direction from vertical to horizontal, bringing to the surface a solid section or "core" of all strata passed through and in order, showing exact depth, thickness and character of the rock. This core is large enough to permit of thorough examination, analysis and test; and, what is of almost equal value, if the coal or mineral sought for is absent, the fact is determined beyond a doubt. It also gives positive information of the material which would be met in sinking a shaft to work the coal or mineral indicated as present, making it possible to estimate closely the cost of the shaft.

The requirements of a machine for such work are many and exacting. It must be strong, simple and durable, economical in use of power and in the wear of the diamond points or carbon," rapid in operation, and above all, its work must be accurate and reliable, so that the results derived from it will be known to be correct, as upon them depends the expensive process of sinking shafts and driving tunnels, as well as the investment of large sums of money in land.

Not only for prospecting from the surface, but for drilling in advance of levels underground, for sinking wells for gas, oil or water, especially where coal, salt or other minerals are looked for; in submarine work, for prospecting quarry lands, and for many other special purposes, the diamond drill is far superior to any other, consequently it is in general use, and is considered essential to the economical development of coal or mineral lands, as possessing great advantage in time, accuracy and economy over any other method of prospecting.

The Sullivan and Bullock Diamond Prospecting Core Drills embody all the latest improvements suggested by long experience in manufacturing, as well as in operating such machines. This varied experience has resulted in the manufacture of diamond drills having no equal for accuracy and reliability, and wherever advanced mining methods are in use the Sullivan and Bullock Diamond Drills are well known, and the large sale of them in the United States, as well as in most of the foreign countries, proves the extent of their reputation. One of the greatest difficulties in prospecting for coal has been the inability to obtain a complete core of the coal, but during the past few years the company has designed an improved double tube core barrel which has entirely overcome this difficulty, and made possible the saving of full coal core.

In order to make the line as complete as possible, new designs and improvements on the old are constantly being made. Machines are now built with capacities for drilling holes ranging from three hundred feet to over one mile

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in depth, operated by hand, steam, compressed air or electric power.

If interested in diamond drills send for the special catalogue on this subject,

A large assortment of black diamonds or 'carbon" and bortz is carried in stock, which has been selected by experts from original parcels direct from the mines. Customers are thus assured of superior quality.

Prices quoted upon application.

Equipment Tables for Sullivan Diamond Drills

The following" equipment is furnished with the **RH,"

2 blank bits, ready to set 205 feet of drill rods with couplings (20 10-ft., 1 5-ft.)

1 10-ft. core barrel

2 core lifters 1 core shell

25 feet 4-ply water hose with connection, for drill rods 13 feet 4-ply water hose with connection, to connect drill and pump 10 feet 6 -ply steam hose with connection, for drill (5-ply for "C" and "H")

5 feet 2-ply drip hose

1 swivel steam connection for engine

1 wire rope (wound on hoisting drum) with hook. With C " and "H," 75 feet of >-in. rope; with B" and "N." 100 feet of yi-m. rope; with 150 feet of J-in. rope; with "PK" and *'K," 155 feet of IX-in- rope

1 drive chuck

1 safety clamp

2 sheaves for hoisting rods, with straps and hooks

1 lifting bail with clevis

1 bail and bolt for sheave

1 lifting swivel or hoisting plug,

with coupling 1 water swivel with coupling and

elbow 1 pressure gauge for feed cylinder

I tool chest with lock and key 1 complete set of diamond-setting tools, consisting of:

1 3J4-in. jaw vise, with swiveled base

1 breast drill with 5 bits from

1 set of 12 setting chisels and

punches

1 light hammer for diamond Setting

1 pair each, 6-in. dividers, inside and outside calipers

1 head for holding bits while setting

1 machinist's hammer

1 screw-driver

1 draw bolt for gears

1 copper strainer and union

1 6-in. adjustable level

2 pairs pipe tongs

1 14 inch pipe wrench

2 12-inch monkey wrenches

1 complete set of solid wrenches for engine, chuck, etc.

1 hand oiler

1 1-gallon oil can

1 engine oil cup with valve

2 recovering taps

Rubber and hemp packing and waste

All pipe and fittings necessary to connect drill, pump and boiler

Equipment Tables for Sullivan Diamond Drills

The following equipment is furnished with sizes and *'S. " This same equipment is also furnished with *'R" and '*RS" drills, with additions as per note below:

2 blank bits ready to set 200 feet of drill rods with couplings (39 5-ft. , 5 1-ft.) 1.5- ft. core barrel 1 core shell, and 2 core lifters 17 feet of 1 in 4- ply steam hose 17 feet of %-in. 2-ply water hose 1 water swivel with coupling 1 lifting swivel with coupling 1 drive chuck 1 safety clamp 1 extra set of feed gears 1 extra friction spring 1 pressure gauge 1 tool chest with lock and key 1 complete set of diamond setting tools, consisting of: 1 3|-in. jaw vise with swiv-

eled base 1 breast drill, with 5 bits from

to X i- diameter 1 set of 12 setting chisels and punches

1 light hammer for diamond

setting 1 pair each, 6-in. dividers, inside and outside calipers 1 head for holding bits 1 machinist's hammer 1 6-in. adjustable level

1 pair pipe tongs

2 14-in. pipe wrenches

2 10-in. monkey wrenches

1 complete set of solid wrenches

for engine, etc. 1 13-in. sheave wheel with strap

and hook 1 hand oiler 1 half-gallon oil can

1 engine oil cup

2 recovering taps

Rubber and hemp packing, and waste

Valves and fittings ready to connect to supply of steam or compressed air

Note.— The equipment furnished with the diamond prospecting drills " R," ''RS" and " R H " includes also motor, carbon brushes, switch, and extra fuses, but does not include speed controllers, steam hose, or swivel connection. With the '' R " drill a pump, attached to the drill frame, is included in the equipment.

The following- equipment is furnished with the (hand power) drill:

2 blanks bits ready to set

1 set of 12 chisels and punches

for diamond setting 1 head for holding bits while

setting 100 feet of drill rods with couplings

(9 10-ft , 1 5-ft , 3 20-in.) 1 lever hand pump 1 10-foot core barrel 1 20-in core barrel 1 core shell and 2 lifters 12 feet of 1-in. 4-ply suction hose

with connection and strainer 10 feet of >-in. 2-ply water hose 1 water swivel

1 lifting swivel

1 coupling, drive spindle to rods 1 safety clamp

1 complete set of feed gears (3 pairs)

1 lool box with lock and key

2 pairs pipe tongs

1 14-in. pipe wrench

1 10-in. monkey wrench

1 complete set of solid wrenches

1 hand oil can

1 half -gallon oil can

2 hand cranks

1 13-in. sheave wheel with strap and hook

lullock Diamond Prospecting Core Drill.

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Equipment Tables for Bullock Diamond Drills

The following equipment Champion" and Detector'

2 blank bits, ready to set 205 feet of drill rods with couplings (20 10-ft., 1 5-ft.)

1 20-in. core barrel (only necessary with the "Beauty" drill)

1 10-ft. core barrel

1 core shell ai]d i, core lifters 20 feet 4-ply water hose, with connection to connect drill and pump

1 wire rope (wound on hoisting drum) with hook. With "Champion" and "Beauty," 75 feet of j-in. rope; with "Detector," 100 feet ;-in. rope

1 safety clamp

1 sheave for hoisting rods, with strap and hook

1 lifting bail with clevis

1 bail and bolt for sheave

1 lifting swivel or hoisting plug, with coupling

1 water swivel, with coupling and elbow

1 tool chest with lock and key

1 pound No. 18 copper wire

1 machinist's hammer

is furnished with the Beauty,"

1 complete set of diamond-setting tools, consisting of :

1 3X-iii- jaw vise, with swiveled base

1 breast drill, with 5 bits from y%'\n. to X-i°- diameter

1 set of 12 setting chisels and punches

1 light hammer for diamond setting

1 pair each, 6-inch dividers, inside and outside calipers

1 head for holding bits while setting

1 6-in. adjustable level

2 pairs pipe tongs, adjustable 1 to

2 inches

1 14-in. pipe wTench

2 12-in. monkey wrenches

1 complete set of solid wrenches for

engine, chuck, etc. 1 hand oiler 1 1 -gallon oil can

1 engine oil cup, with valve

2 recovering taps

Rubber and hemp packing; waste

All pipe and fittings necessary to

connect drill pump and boiler

The following equipment is furnished with the Badger" drill

2 blank bits ready to set 200 feet of drill rods, with couplings (39 5-ft. , 5 1-ft.) 1 20-in. core barrel 1 5-ft. core barrel 1 core shell and 2 core lifters 20 feet of >-in. 3-ply water hose 1 water swivel, with coupling 1 lifting swivel, with coupling I safety clamp I extra set of feed gears 1 tool chest, with lock and key 1 complete set of diamond-setting tools, consisting of : 1 3X-iJi jaw vise, with swiveled base 1 breast drill, with 6 bits from

-in. to %-vci. diameter. 1 set of 12 ;*etting chisels and

punches 1 light hammer for diamond setting

1 pair each, 6-in. dividers, inside and outside calipers

1 head for holding bits 1 machinist's hammer 1 6-in. adjustable level

1 pair pipe tongs

2 14-in. pipe wrenches

2 10-in. monkey wrenches

1 complete set of solid wrenches

for engine, etc. 1 13-in. sheave wheel, with strap

and hook 1 hand oiler 1 half -gallon oil can

1 engine oil cup

2 recovering taps

Rubber and hemp packing and waste

Valves and fittings ready to connect to supply of steam or compressed air

Prospecti?ig by Contract with the Diamond Drill

ATTENTION is called to the fact that the company contracts for diamond prospecting core drilling of all kinds and in any part of the country. Making a specialty of this line of work for years, a wide and varied experience has been gained. The policy of keeping the drill men constantly employed, and with a number of outfits reserved for this purpose, enables prompt execution of contract drilling of any kind and in any locality.

Correspondence on this subject is solicited, and estimates of cost will gladly be furnished tipon receipt of information as to the conditions of the work.

The S u i i i V a n Rock Drill

For Excavating Rock

PERCUSSIVE rock drill is a very valuable and useful adjunct in and about coal mines, as it may be used successfully and economically in shaft sinking, in driving slopes or drifts through solid rock, in taking down roof or in lifting bottom to obtain increased height, and in driving through "faults" or "horsebacks"; in fact, a Sullivan Rock Drill will save much time and expense over any other means of driving through rock. In general, about coal mines very little attention has been paid to the cost of rock excavation, and this in many cases is one of the serious leaks in expense.

The Sullivan Rock Drill is a reciprocating or striking machine driven by compressed air or steam, and is the result of years of careful study and experimenting. In its design, special attention has been given to the strengthening of parts found to cause continuous trouble in other makes, and also to the reduction of the number of working parts, the object being to exceed the drilling capacity of any other machine, and at the same time greatly reduce the cost for repairs.

For rapid work, special attention has been given to the design of the valve motion, to secure a hard, quick blow, which can be regulated as to length of stroke and force of blow to give the best results in starting the hole and working through seams in broken rock.

The valves are designed for either steam or air, and when air is used will not freeze up or stick. The valves

are balanced, making- the wear but slight and allowing the whole power of the steam or air to be utilized for effective work instead of wasted in overcoming friction.

Another important requirement in a rock drill valve motion has been provided for in the Sullivan, viz., that the drill should have a powerful up stroke or lift. This is fully as important as a heavy down stroke or blow, and comes into play in the proper 'mudding" of the drill-hole (keeping the mud well out from below the bit) and securing rapid work in caving or seamy g-round, which tends to stick the drill steel. There are several drills on the market that are good in hard ground but inefficient in soft, or vice versa; but it is claimed for the Sullivan that it will give the best results obtainable in either — that it is an all-round machine.

To secure economy, the drill is so constructed as to do rapid work with the least possible consumption of steam or air, and simplicity and strength united with speed make the cost of work low. Cost of repairs will be found slight, as the drill is strong and durable. The working parts are simple, and are made perfectly interchangeable, so that parts worn out or broken by accident may be easily and rapidly replaced.

Further economy and convenience are secured by making the drills, tripods, columns and all attachments easy to adjust, compact, and as light as consistent with ample strength. The tripod may be set conveniently for all classes of work, and the weights quickly removed and easily handled.

The improved features of the drill, tripod, etc., are all covered by patents.

If interested in rock drills, send for the special catalogue on this subject.

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The Sullivan Adjustable Tripod: JVe i g h t s and Spec i ji cations

Size

Used with Drills Size

Weight in Pounds

Code Word

Tripod Only

(3) Weights Only

Total Shipping

U2 U3 U6

; U7

Ua, Us

Ub, Uc

Ud, Ue. Uf

Uh, Uk

Batndoozle Bamburral Banalidade Banality

For weights and specifications of rock drills for attaching to the above tripods, see page 128.

Note. — The U D drill can be used on U 3 tripod if the work is light, but this mounting is not recommended for deep holes.

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Weights and Specifications of Drill S t e e I s f r Sullivan Rock Drills

(Formed and Sharpened, but not Tempered

For Drill "UA"— 2 Inches— Feed 12 Inches

Size of Shank, in. x 8f in.

Regular Size of Gauge

Length Steel will Cut

Oin. Oin. Oin. Oin. Oin.

1 ft.

2 ft.

3 ft.

4 ft.

5 ft.

Name of Each Length

Starter 2d length 3d length 4th length 5th length

Size of Steel

y% in. Kin. Km. Kin.

Weight in Pounds

Code word, set to 3 ft Betaalde

Code word, set to 4 ft Betaculi

Code word, set to 5 ft Betaculus

For Drill "US"— 2J< Inches— Feed 15 Inches

Size of Shank, \n. ji in.

Length Steel will Cut

1 ft. 3 in.

2 ft. 6 in.

3 ft. 9 in.

5 ft. in.

6 ft. 3 in.

Size of Steel

Weight in Pounds

Regular Size of Gauge

IK in. '

IH in. IK in.

Code word, set to 3 ft. 9 in Betagt

Code word, set to 5 ft. in Betakelen

Code word, set to 6 ft. 3 in Betalter

1 in.

1 in. Vz in. Vi in.

For Drill "UB"— Inches— Feed 20 Inches

Size of Shank, y% in. x 45 in.

Regular Size of Gauge

Length Steel will Cut

IK in. IK in.

1 ft. 8 in. 3 ft. 4 in.

5 ft. in.

6 ft. 8 in. 8 ft. 4 in.

Size of Steel

Weight in Pounds

1 in. 1 in.

%in.

V'i in. %in.

Code word, set to 5 ft. in Beterschap

Code word, set to 6 ft. 8 in Biconge

Code word, set to 8 ft. 4 in Biconvexo

For Drill UC "— 2K Inches— Feed 24 Inches

Regular Size of Gauge

2Hin. 2 in. IK in. min. IK in.

Size of Shank, 1

Length Steel will Cut

in. X in. Size of Steel

2 ft. in.

4 ft. in.

6 ft. in.

8 ft. in. 10 ft. in. 12ft. Oin.

1/8 in. 1/8 in. 1 in. 1 in. 1 m. 1 in.

Weight in Pounds

Code word, set to 6 ft. in Bicorpor

Code word, set to 8 ft. in. Bicrural

Code word, set to 10 ft. in Bicuculle

Code word, set to 12 ft. in Bicuda

JV eights and Specifications of Drill Steels for Sullivan Rock Drills — Continued

For Drill " UD "—8 Inches )

For Drill "UE"— Inches Feed 24 Inches

For Drill "UP"— S': Inchest

Size of Shank, in. x in.

Regular Size of Gauge

Length Steel will Cut

28

Ik

n. n. n. n. n. n. n. n.

2 ft. in.

4 ft. in.

6 ft. in.

8 ft. in. 10 ft. in. 12 ft. in. 14 ft. in. 16 ft. in.

Size of Steel

Weight in Pounds

Ik Ik 1%

1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8

n. n. n. n. n. n. n. n.

Code word, set to 10 ft. in Bidbank

Code word, set to 12 ft. in Biddende

Code word, set to 14 ft. in Bidelle

Code word, set to 16 ft. in Bidelulf

For Drill "UH"— Inches— Feed 30 Inches

Size of Shank, in. x in.

Regular Size of Gauge

Length Steel will Cut

2 ft. 6 in.

Size of Steel

Weight in Pounds

3 in.

2% in.

5 ft. in.

2K in.

7 ft. 6 in.

IK in.

10 ft. in.

12 ft. 6 in.

IK in.

15 ft. in.

VA in.

17 ft. 6 in.

IK in.

2/8 in.

20 ft. in.

IK in.

Code word, set to 12 ft. 6 in Bidplaats

Code word, set to 15 ft. in Biastond

Code word, set to 17 ft. 6 in Biuejar

Code word, set to 20 ft. in Btqutnho

For Drill "UK "--IK Inches— Feed 30 Inches Size of Shank, IJ in. x 6 in.

Regular Size of Gauge

Length Steel will Cut

Size of Steel

Weight in Pounds

2 ft. 6 in.

W% in.

3K in.

5 ft. in.

7 ft. 6 in.

10 ft. in.

12 ft. 6 in.

3 in.

15 ft. Oin.

2% in.

17 ft. 6 in.

20 ft. in.

IK in.

22 ft. 6 in.

25 ft. in.

IMin.

27 ft. 6 in.

Code word, set to 20 f

t. Oin

Birkens

Code word, set to 22 1 Code word, set to 25 i Code word, set to 27 £

t. 6 in

Birkweiti

t. in

Bialubu

t. 6 in

Birlabais

State whether + or X bits are wanted, and also give gauge or size hole required.

Note.— Regular gauge as above, with + bits, will be furnished unless otherwise directed.

As the temper of steel should vary according to the hardness of the rock, the drills are sent out untempered, thus allowing the local blacksmith to temper them to suit the special conditions.

The Mitchell and Wilson Automatic Cross-Over Dumps

For Slope or Drift Mines

N these days of large operations a great deal of attention has been given to the tipple, so that the coal may be dumped rapidly and economically, at the same time permitting perfect screening with the least possible breakage of the coal. During past years a crude timber structure was usually erected at the mine opening, upon which an ordinary dump was placed. This dump was made so that the car had to be run upon it with considerable momentum, in order that the dump would tip at a sufficient angle to empty the car of its coal, and of course this resulted in the coal being thrown violently upon the chute or screen, thus breaking it and permitting of only imperfect screening. After the car had discharged its contents, the dump had to be pulled back to a horizontal position and the empty car backed off before the next loaded car could take its place on the dump. In order to reach a fair tonnage, five or six men were required upon the tipple to handle and re-handle the cars. It is now the customary practice to design a coal tipple so that every arrangement will be as convenient, economical and serviceable as possible for the production of a large tonnage. The crude tipple of bygone days has therefore given way to substantial wooden structures, and in many cases steel has been used for additional durability and safety.

To meet the conditions where greater tonnage and economies were desired, the Mitchell Automatic Cross-over Dump was designed and patented a number of years ago, its principal features being that the loaded car was run upon a tilting track section, was dumped, and, by reason of the difference in weight between the loaded and empty car, the tilting track section resumed a horizontal position automatically after the car had discharged its load. The next loaded car was then run forward, and the wheels striking a projecting arm on the track, threw the horns that held the first car in place, and running into the first car forced it across the dumping section. The first car being free from its load, continued forward and up a steep incline, returning by means of a spring switch upon the track for empty cars, the entire movement of the cars being regulated by gravity through specially constructed grades, which movement is shown by the engraving on the opposite page. By means of a friction brake the tilting of the car is completely under the control of the dumper, hence the coal is spread evenly over the screen and perfect screening is obtained with the least possible breakage of the coal.

Not having to back the empty car off the dump after being emptied permitted the Mitchell dump to vastly increase the tipple capacity of a mine with even fewer men than if the ordinary dump was in use. Actual runs of from 2,500 to 4,000 tons have been made over one of these automatic dumps in a shift.

Later were secured the rights and patents of the Wilson Automatic Cross-over Dump, which, embodying the same general features as the Mitchell, differed in some of the mechanical details. In the Mitchell dump the rails directly in front of the tilting section are spread as the car is being dumped, so that the coal in falling to the screen or chute below does not strike the rails; in the Wilson the front rails are dropped out of the way; otherwise these two dumps are practically identical. For narrow gauges of track, say thirty-six inches and less, the Mitchell is recommended, while for gauges of track in excess of thirty-six inches the Wilson dump is recommended.

Both of these dumps are strong and simple in construction, being built to withstand particularly hard use, and in the event of becoming damaged the mine blacksmith can usually make the necessary repairs.

But a small expense is necessary to arrange an old tipple for either of these dumps, simply requiring a new set of grades in approaching and leaving the dump and which any mine carpenter can construct, following blue prints furnished by the company. In the erection of a new tipple, the necessary grades may be built without any additional expense.

As each dump has to be especially made to conform to the mine car, the following car specifications are required in order to give a proper estimate on the cost, etcetera:

1. Length of mine car over all.

2. Distance between centers of axles.

3. Diameter of wheels.

4. Gauge of track.

5. Weight of empty car and loaded car.

6. Distance from center of axle to front end of draw-bar.

'The Champion Ventilator A Fan for Ventilating Coal Mines

HERE is no question but that the tendency about most coal mines is to increase the pressure of the ventilating; currents and the volume of air which enters the mine. In times gone by, little attention was given to the problem of mine ventilation; in some cases no artificial means was provided, and in others a furnace was employed to move the air; but of course this was during the time of small operations. Along with the development of large mines with miles of air courses, the working of thin seams of coal, and particularly the operation of coal mines generating explosive or noxious gases, came a call for a fan of exceptional efficiency. The Champion Ventilator was designed to meet this growing demand, and, invented about thirty years ago, is the pioneer of all high pressure mine fans. Constant improvements since its first introduction have been made, fully keeping pace with the most advanced engineering practice.

The first fans were built of wood, but owing to the danger of fire and for sake of greater durability they are now built completely of sheet steel, thoroughly braced and stiffened. As it is a well-known fact that it is important to be able to reverse the air current within a mine, successful mine fans should be quickly convertible from blower to exhaust, or vice versa. This may be accomplished by two different devices. One consists of a reversible hood or inner casing which may be rotated around the axis by means of a

hand wheel, thus causing the fan to become a blower or exhauster as desired. The other reverses the current by the opening or closing of doors located in the drift leading into the mine. The latter arrangement is generally preferred, as it is more simple and represents less initial cost. The fan wheel consists of practically two fans joined together by a common center ring, the openings in the sides being of ample size to admit the air freely to the interior and the blades. These are constructed with such a curvature as to propel or lift outward the maximum amount of air with the minimum resistance, and consequent minimum expenditure of power. As the water gauge or pressure of air is dependent upon the periphery speed of the fan wheel, it has been made very strong and stiff, to permit of fast rotation. The shaft is of large diameter and hence practically free from vibration; it is extended to one side of the fan for connection with the engine shaft if direct connected, or for attaching a pulley if belt driven.

If interested in mine fans, send for the special catalogue on this subject.

Table of Improved Champion Ventilator

Steel Casing and Fan Wheel

Fan Wheel

Discharge

at Given

Outside

Diam.

Feet

Width Over

Vanes, Feet

Number

of Revolutions per Minute

Speed at Tips of

Vanes or

Periphery Speed,

Feet per Minute

7,653

Speed at

2 Inches

Water

Gauge

Pressure,

Cubic Feet

per

Mmute

22,000

Actual

Horse

Power

Engine

Required

Code Word

Chasabor

49,000

Chasappa

7,664

88,000

Chasenon

137,000

Chaserio

7,653

197,000

Chasofic

7,653

269,000

Chasonat

350,000

Chasutos

Table of Horse Powers

Theoretical and Actual Horse Power required to move a given quantity of air

Cubic Feet of Air

15,000

20,000

25,000

80,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

85,000

90,000

100,000

125,000

150,000

175,000

200,000

225,000

250,000

275,000

300,000

850,000

400,000

450,000

]

H

K

2, 3,

,1

Water Gauge

Ik

15

Ik

2K

Height of Water Column in Inches Corresponding to Pressures in Ounces or Pounds per Square Foot

Inches Gauge .

Water

Ounces.

Lbs. per Sq. Ft.

%

Yx

Ik

2K

3K

Sullivan Winding Engines

For Hoisting and Hauling

HIS company makes a specialty of large hoisting; and hauling engines, which are constructed with especial reference to simplicity, compactness, efficiency and I durability. Sullivan Winding Engines are fully up to modern requirements, and before shipment is made the engines are tested under full steam pressure, thus insuring that every part is in perfect condition for immediate and continuous duty.

The Corliss frame with bored cross-head guides has been adopted as giving the greatest strength and stiffness. For large hoisting engines, the Corliss valve movement is recommended for the steam cylinders, but quotations will be furnished on steam cylinders fitted with "balanced" slide valves. Where it is practicable to hoist in balance, and where a large output is desired, the "first motion" hoist is advised. In this class of hoisting engine the drum or drums are keyed to a very heavy engine shaft, the wearing surfaces, especially the main bearings, are made of liberal area, and all through the engines are strongly proportioned to stand severe work. Automatic stops are provided, which, in case of overwinding, shut off the steam and apply the brakes to the drum. Suitable indicators show the position of the cages in the shaft. These engines are built with standard or conical drums and with brakes arranged for applying by hand or steam pressure or both. In many cases where flat rope is employed, the drums are substituted by reels. The

company also builds geared hoists where the drums are driven by carefully proportioned jaw or band friction clutches connected to the eng-ine shaft.

Herein are illustrated only a few of the different styles of Sullivan Winding Engines, but specifications and estimates will be furnished for any proposition of hoisting or hauling about mines, and particularly hoisting from shafts or slopes, tail or endless rope haulage.

If interested in ivinding engines send for the special catalogue on this subject.

/

n

A Page

Air Compressors 8i

Air Receivers 107

Coal Machines

Electric Chain 43

Long Wall 61

Pick ... 21

Shearing 35

Code Words for Coal Mines . 67

Compressors, Air 81

Contract Diamond Drilling . 123

D

Diamond iii

Rock 125

Dumps, Automatic . . . . 135

E

Electric Chain Machines . . 43

Engines, Winding 147 Equipment With Diamond Drills

116, 117, 122 With Electric Chain Machines 51

With Pick Machines ... 30

F

Fans, Mine 141

H

Hoisting Engines 147

Hose, Air 32

Introductory 11

Long Wall Machine ... 61

M

Mining Machines

Electric Chain 43

Long Wall 61

Pick 21

Shearing 35

Mining Wheels 31

P Page*

Picks 32

Pick Machines 21

Postlude . 153

R

Receivers, Air 107

Rock Drills 125

Shearing Machines Shearing Wheels

T

Tables

Air Requirement of Machines 99

Approximate Analyses of

Coals 77

Average Price of Coal . . 78

Branch Pipes 106

Coal Mined by Machines in

United States 74 Coal Mined by Machines in United States, number of

Machines 75

Efficiency, Air Compressors 98 Friction, for Air 102

Mining Scales 71

Power to Compress Air . 98 Production of Coal in

United States, Total . 73 Production of Coal in United States, Percentage Mined by Machines 76 Trucks

For Pick Machine ... 33 Power, for Chain Machine 59 Standard, for Chain Machine 58

Ventilator for Mines

W

Winding Engines .

liliLXilSJJY OF MICHIQAN

3 001606712 6033